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> Chemicals & Drugs > Organic Chemical > Liposomes

Liposomes

Liposomes are self-assembling, spherical vesicles composed of phospholipids and other lipids.
These versatile structures can encapsulate a variety of compounds, including drugs, proteins, and genetic materials, making them a valuable tool in medical research and therapeutics.
Liposomes offer improved bioavailability, targeted delivery, and enhanced stability compared to free drugs or molecules.
Their unique properties, such as size, charge, and lipid composition, can be tailored to specific applications, including drug delivery, vaccine development, and diagnostics.
Liposomes research continues to advance, with ongoing explorations of novel formulations and applications to address unmet medical needs.

Most cited protocols related to «Liposomes»

1
NanoSight NTA Measurements Protocols
Cited 48 times
NTA measurements were performed with a NanoSight LM20 (NanoSight, Amesbury, United Kingdom), equipped with a sample chamber with a 640-nm laser and a Viton fluoroelastomer O-ring. The samples were injected in the sample chamber with sterile syringes (BD Discardit II, New Jersey, USA) until the liquid reached the tip of the nozzle. All measurements were performed at room temperature except the live monitoring protein heat stress measurements (see section below).
The software used for capturing and analyzing the data was the NTA 2.0 Build 127. The samples were measured for 40 s with manual shutter and gain adjustments. The “single shutter and gain mode” was used to capture the monodisperse polystyrene beads, the 60/100 nm beads mixture, the liposomes, the TMC particles and the protein aggregates. The “extended dynamic range mode,” which splits the capture video into two videos with independent shutter and gain settings, was used for all the other mixtures of monodisperse polystyrene beads, the PLGA particles and the insulin aggregates. Three measurements of the same sample were performed for all the polystyrene beads and six measurements for the polymer nanoparticles and protein aggregates. The error bars displayed on the NTA graphs were obtained by the standard deviation of the different measurements of each sample. The mean size and SD values obtained by the NTA software correspond to the arithmetic values calculated with the sizes of all the particles analyzed by the software.
Filipe V., Hawe A, & Jiskoot W. (2010). Critical Evaluation of Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) by NanoSight for the Measurement of Nanoparticles and Protein Aggregates. Pharmaceutical Research, 27(5), 796-810.
Publication 2010
Heat Stress Disorders Insulin Liposomes Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer Polymers Polystyrenes Protein Aggregates Proteins Sterility, Reproductive Syringes
2
Structural and Functional Activation of BAX
Cited 37 times
SAHBs were synthesized using our established method46 (link),47 (link) and recombinant BAX for NMR and biochemical analyses was generated as previously described33 (link),35 (link). Samples for HSQC and PRE NMR contained uniformly 15N-labeled BAX at 0.2 mM prepared in 10 mM sodium acetate solution at pH 6.0 with up to a 1:1 molar ratio of SAHB. NMR spectra were acquired at 32°C on Bruker 600 and 800 MHz spectrometers, and then processed and analyzed as described in the Full Methods. To evaluate BIM SAHB-induced BAX activation, four in vitro assays were performed. The oligomerization assay employed freshly purified monomeric BAX in combination with BIM SAHB at the indicated ratios and incubation durations followed by size-exclusion chromatography to quantify monomeric vs. oligomeric BAX. The BAX conformational change assay also employed the indicated BIM SAHB:BAX mixtures, which were exposed to the conformation-specific 6A7 anti-BAX antibody, followed by immunoprecipitation and BAX Western analysis to monitor the proportion of activated conformer of BAX upon BIM SAHB exposure. To determine if the BIM SAHB-induced BAX conformational change reflected functional activation of its release activity, we conducted liposomal and mitochondrial release assays as previously described33 (link),48 (link) and using the indicated doses and constructs of BIM SAHB and BAX. For cellular studies, DKO MEFs were reconstituted with BAX by retroviral transduction of BAX-IRES-GFP as previously reported7 (link),13 (link) and as described in the Full Methods. BAX or BAXK21E-reconstituted DKO MEFs were exposed to either BIM SAHBs or staurosporine, and cell death quantified over time by annexin-V-Cy3 staining followed by flow cytometric analysis.
Gavathiotis E., Suzuki M., Davis M.L., Pitter K., Bird G.H., Katz S.G., Tu H.C., Kim H., Cheng E.H., Tjandra N, & Walensky L.D. (2008). BAX Activation is Initiated at a Novel Interaction Site. Nature, 455(7216), 1076-1081.
Publication 2008
Annexin A5 Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Biological Assay Cell Death Cells Flow Cytometry Gel Chromatography Immunoprecipitation Internal Ribosome Entry Sites Liposomes Mitochondria Molar Retroviridae Sodium Acetate Staurosporine
3
Structural and Functional Activation of BAX
Cited 36 times
SAHBs were synthesized using our established method46 (link),47 (link) and recombinant BAX for NMR and biochemical analyses was generated as previously described33 (link),35 (link). Samples for HSQC and PRE NMR contained uniformly 15N-labeled BAX at 0.2 mM prepared in 10 mM sodium acetate solution at pH 6.0 with up to a 1:1 molar ratio of SAHB. NMR spectra were acquired at 32°C on Bruker 600 and 800 MHz spectrometers, and then processed and analyzed as described in the Full Methods. To evaluate BIM SAHB-induced BAX activation, four in vitro assays were performed. The oligomerization assay employed freshly purified monomeric BAX in combination with BIM SAHB at the indicated ratios and incubation durations followed by size-exclusion chromatography to quantify monomeric vs. oligomeric BAX. The BAX conformational change assay also employed the indicated BIM SAHB:BAX mixtures, which were exposed to the conformation-specific 6A7 anti-BAX antibody, followed by immunoprecipitation and BAX Western analysis to monitor the proportion of activated conformer of BAX upon BIM SAHB exposure. To determine if the BIM SAHB-induced BAX conformational change reflected functional activation of its release activity, we conducted liposomal and mitochondrial release assays as previously described33 (link),48 (link) and using the indicated doses and constructs of BIM SAHB and BAX. For cellular studies, DKO MEFs were reconstituted with BAX by retroviral transduction of BAX-IRES-GFP as previously reported7 (link),13 (link) and as described in the Full Methods. BAX or BAXK21E-reconstituted DKO MEFs were exposed to either BIM SAHBs or staurosporine, and cell death quantified over time by annexin-V-Cy3 staining followed by flow cytometric analysis.
Gavathiotis E., Suzuki M., Davis M.L., Pitter K., Bird G.H., Katz S.G., Tu H.C., Kim H., Cheng E.H., Tjandra N, & Walensky L.D. (2008). BAX Activation is Initiated at a Novel Interaction Site. Nature, 455(7216), 1076-1081.
Publication 2008
Annexin A5 Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Biological Assay Cell Death Cells Flow Cytometry Gel Chromatography Immunoprecipitation Internal Ribosome Entry Sites Liposomes Mitochondria Molar Retroviridae Sodium Acetate Staurosporine
4
Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles
Cited 20 times
All samples were diluted in PBS to a final volume of 1 ml. Ideal measurement concentrations were found by pre-testing the ideal particle per frame value (20–100 particles/frame). Following settings were set according to the manufacturer’s software manual (NanoSight NS300 User Manual, MAN0541-01-EN-00, 2017): camera level was increased until all particles were distinctly visible not exceeding a particle signal saturation over 20% (polystyrene nanospheres and 10k xg fractions of serum and cell line-derived EVs: level 12; 100k xg fractions of serum and cell line EVs and liposomes: level 14). The ideal detection threshold was determined to include as many particles as possible with the restrictions that 10–100 red crosses were counted while only <10% were not associated with distinct particles. Blue cross count was limited to 5. Autofocus was adjusted so that indistinct particles were avoided. For each measurement, five 1-min videos were captured under the following conditions: cell temperature: 25°C; Syringe speed: 40 µl/s. After capture, the videos have been analysed by the in-build NanoSight Software NTA 3.1 Build 3.1.46 with a detection threshold of 5. Hardware: embedded laser: 45 mW at 488 nm; camera: sCMOS. The number of completed tracks in NTA measurements was always greater than the proposed minimum of 1000 in order to minimise data skewing based on single large particles [23].
Bachurski D., Schuldner M., Nguyen P.H., Malz A., Reiners K.S., Grenzi P.C., Babatz F., Schauss A.C., Hansen H.P., Hallek M, & Pogge von Strandmann E. (2019). Extracellular vesicle measurements with nanoparticle tracking analysis – An accuracy and repeatability comparison between NanoSight NS300 and ZetaView. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, 8(1), 1596016.
Publication 2019
Cell Lines Cells Liposomes Polystyrenes Reading Frames Serum Syringes
5
Mobilizing Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Cited 20 times

Protocol full text hidden due to copyright restrictions

Open the protocol to access the free full text link

Publication 2013
AMD 3100 Biological Assay BLOOD Cells Chemokine Clodronate Flow Cytometry GW 3965 Immunofluorescence Liposomes Mice, House Saline Solution Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Tissues

Most recents protocols related to «Liposomes»

1
Lentivirus Vector Production and Titration for CD19 CAR
Not available on PMC !

Example 10

CD19 was chosen as a B-CAR target, and an antigen binding domain comprising the sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.:1 was used to construct the B-CAR. A fourth generation lentivirus vector system was used. CA19 CAR vector, packaging vector pMDL-gag, Rev, and envelop vector pMD2.G were co-transduced into HEK293T cells with calcium phosphate or liposome-PEI. The supernatant was collected after 48 hrs, and ultra-centrifuged to concentrate the lentivirus.

CD19 lentivirus titration was conducted on a three-fold serial dilution. 293T cells were collected after transduced with 50 ul lentivirus for 48 to 72 hrs, and then stained for CAR expression. The percentage of CAR+ (CAR+%) was analyzed via flow cytometry, and titration calculated as:
Titration (TU/ml)=(Number of starting 293T cells)*CAR+%*Fold of dilution*20 (first CAR+%<20%)

Lentivirus titration was calculated. Titration over 3*107 was considered ready for further use.

US11866731B2. Modified immune cells and uses thereof (2024-01-09). CHINEO MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. [CN]. Inventors: Weiyue Gu [CN].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
Antigens B-Lymphocytes Calcium Phosphates Cell Membrane Proteins Cells Cloning Vectors Flow Cytometry HEK293 Cells Lentivirus Liposomes Technique, Dilution Titrimetry
2
pHLIP-Mediated Tumor-Targeted Liposome Delivery
Not available on PMC !

Example 4

Liposomes, containing Rho-PE lipids, were given as a single intra-tumoral injection into mice with tumors established by subcutaneous injection of HeLa-GFP cancer cells. Mice were sacrificed at 24 hours post-injection, and tumors were collected. Whole-body and tumor images were taken on Kodak in vivo imaging system. As shown in FIG. 13, pHLIP promoted liposome uptake in low pH extracellular environment of tumors, following IV injection of the fluorescent- and gold-containing liposomes.

HeLa-GFP cells were incubated with pHLIP-nanogold and nanogold particles at neutral and low pHs, washed, fixed and enhanced by silver then visualized under light microscope. The highest uptake was observed at low pH in presence of pHLIP (FIG. 17A). Tumor sections collected from mice received single iv injection of pHLIP-nanogold and nanogold particles were treated with silver enhancement solution and visualized under the microscope. Nanogold particles delivered to tumor by pHLIP were localized on cancer cells identified by GFP fluorescence (FIG. 17B).

These data indicate that pHLIP-liposomes demonstrate enhanced uptake by cells in environments characterized by low pH (pH<7) compared to liposomes that do not contain pHLIP.

US11857509B2. Liposome compositions and methods of use thereof (2024-01-02). University of Rhode Island Board of Trustees [US], Yale University [US]. Inventors: Yana K. Reshetnyak [US], Oleg A. Andreev [US], Donald M. Engelman [US].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
Cells Fluorescence Gold HeLa Cells Human Body Light Microscopy Lipids Liposomes Malignant Neoplasms Microscopy Mus Neoplasms Silver Subcutaneous Injections
3
Lentivirus Vector Production and Titration
Not available on PMC !

Example 4

A fourth generation lentivirus vector system was used. PD1/CD28 vector, packaging vector pMDL-gag, Rev, and envelop vector pMD2.G were co-transfected into HEK293T cells with calcium phosphate or liposome-PEI. The supernatant was collected after 48 hrs, and centrifuged to concentrate the lentivirus.

Lentivirus titration was conducted on a three-fold serial dilution. HEK293T cells were collected after transduction with 50 ul lentivirus for 48 to 72 hrs, and then stained with PD-1. The percentage of PD-1+(PD-1+%) was analyzed by flow cytometry, and titration was calculated as:
Titration (TU/ml)=40000-45000(which is the number of starting HEK293T cells)*PD1+%*Fold of dilution*20 (first PD1+%<20%)

FIGS. 3A and 3B shows calculation of PD1/CD28 lentivirus titration. Titration of over 3*107 is ready for further use.

US11866731B2. Modified immune cells and uses thereof (2024-01-09). CHINEO MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. [CN]. Inventors: Weiyue Gu [CN].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
Calcium Phosphates CD28 Antigens Cells Cloning Vectors Figs Flow Cytometry Lentivirus Liposomes Technique, Dilution Titrimetry
4
Comprehensive Materials Characterization
Morphology and crystallinity of MOF samples were evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), respectively. Liposome dispersions were characterized by cryo-transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). All the details concerning the instruments and the measurements can be found in the ESM.
Rodríguez-Martínez J., Sánchez-Martín M.J, & Valiente M. (2023). Efficient controlled release of cannabinoids loaded in γ-CD-MOFs and DPPC liposomes as novel delivery systems in oral health. Mikrochimica Acta, 190(4), 125.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Liposomes Powder Scanning Electron Microscopy Transmission Electron Microscopy X-Ray Diffraction
5
Quantification of OLV encapsulation in carriers
The quantification of the OLV content into the MOFs was performed following a methodology previously stablished [21 (link)]. For liposomes, the encapsulation of the drug was determined adapting a method previously described [7 (link)]. The drug encapsulation for each carrier was calculated following equation 1: Drugencapsulation%=EncapsulationOLVintothecarrer(mg)TotalweightofOLV-loadedcarrier(mg)·100
All determinations were performed by triplicate.
The complete description of this experimental part can be found in the ESM.
Rodríguez-Martínez J., Sánchez-Martín M.J, & Valiente M. (2023). Efficient controlled release of cannabinoids loaded in γ-CD-MOFs and DPPC liposomes as novel delivery systems in oral health. Mikrochimica Acta, 190(4), 125.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Drug Carriers Liposomes Pharmaceutical Preparations

Top products related to «Liposomes»

1
Zetasizer nano z by Malvern Panalytical
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The Zetasizer Nano ZS is a dynamic light scattering (DLS) instrument designed to measure the size and zeta potential of particles and molecules in a sample. The instrument uses laser light to measure the Brownian motion of the particles, which is then used to calculate their size and zeta potential.
2
Lipofectamine 2000 by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Lipofectamine 2000 is a cationic lipid-based transfection reagent designed for efficient and reliable delivery of nucleic acids, such as plasmid DNA and small interfering RNA (siRNA), into a wide range of eukaryotic cell types. It facilitates the formation of complexes between the nucleic acid and the lipid components, which can then be introduced into cells to enable gene expression or gene silencing studies.
3
Mini extruder by Avanti Polar Lipids
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Italy
The Mini-extruder is a compact and versatile laboratory device designed for the extrusion of lipid vesicles and liposomes. It features a manual operation mechanism that allows for controlled and reproducible extrusion of samples through polycarbonate membranes with defined pore sizes.
4
Opti mem by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Opti-MEM is a cell culture medium designed to support the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell lines. It is a serum-reduced formulation that helps to reduce the amount of serum required for cell culture, while still providing the necessary nutrients and growth factors for cell proliferation.
5
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
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Clodronate liposome by Liposoma
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Clodronate liposomes are a laboratory product consisting of the bisphosphonate compound clodronate encapsulated within liposome vesicles. The core function of clodronate liposomes is to serve as a tool for selectively depleting or modulating macrophage populations in experimental research settings.
7
Hieff trans liposomal transfection reagent by Yeasen
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Hieff Trans™ Liposomal Transfection Reagent is a lipid-based transfection agent used for the efficient delivery of nucleic acids, such as plasmid DNA, siRNA, and mRNA, into a variety of cell types. The reagent formulation is designed to facilitate the uptake of these molecules into the target cells.
8
Cholesterol by Merck Group
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Cholesterol is a lab equipment product that measures the concentration of cholesterol in a given sample. It provides quantitative analysis of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol levels.
9
Nano z by Malvern Panalytical
Sourced in United Kingdom, United States, Germany, France, Japan, China, Italy
The Nano ZS is a dynamic light scattering (DLS) instrument designed for the measurement of particle size and zeta potential. It is capable of analyzing samples with particle sizes ranging from 0.3 nm to 10 μm. The Nano ZS provides accurate and reliable data on the size distribution and surface charge of a wide range of materials, including nanoparticles, emulsions, and colloids.
10
Zetasizer nano zs90 by Malvern Panalytical
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The Zetasizer Nano ZS90 is a dynamic light scattering (DLS) instrument designed for the measurement of particle size and zeta potential. It utilizes a 633 nm laser and a detection angle of 90 degrees to analyze the Brownian motion of particles in a sample. The instrument can measure particle sizes ranging from 0.3 nm to 10 μm and zeta potential values from -500 mV to +500 mV.

More about "Liposomes"

Liposomes are versatile, self-assembling lipid-based vesicles that have become a powerful tool in medical research and therapeutics.
These spherical structures, composed of phospholipids and other lipids, can encapsulate a variety of compounds, including drugs, proteins, and genetic materials.
The unique properties of liposomes, such as size, charge, and lipid composition, can be tailored to specific applications, making them highly adaptable.
One of the key advantages of liposomes is their improved bioavailability, targeted delivery, and enhanced stability compared to free drugs or molecules.
This is where advanced analytical tools like the Zetasizer Nano ZS and Nano ZS90 come into play, allowing researchers to precisely measure and optimize the size, charge, and other critical characteristics of liposomal formulations.
Liposomal drug delivery systems, such as those created using Lipofectamine 2000 or the Mini-extruder, have shown great promise in enhancing the efficacy and reducing the side effects of various therapeutics.
Researchers can leverage these tools to develop innovative liposomal formulations, including Clodronate liposomes and Hieff Trans™ Liposomal Transfection Reagent, which have applications in areas like drug delivery, vaccine development, and diagnostics.
The versatility of liposomes is further highlighted by their ability to encapsulate a wide range of compounds, including hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, proteins, and genetic materials.
This makes them a valuable asset in addressing unmet medical needs, as evidenced by the ongoing research and development in the field.
To optimize your liposomes research workflow, consider utilizing the advanced comparison and analysis capabilities of PubCompare.ai.
This AI-driven platform can help you easily locate the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, enhancing reproducibility and accuracy in your liposomes research.
By harnessing the power of AI, you can streamline your research process and make more informed decisions, ultimately advancing the field of liposomes and their applications.