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Meperidine
Meperidine
Meperidine is a synthetic opioid analgesic widely used for the management of moderate to severe pain.
It acts as a mu-opioid receptor agonist, providing potent analgesic effects.
Meperidine has a relatively short duration of action and is metabolized to normeperidine, which can accumulate and cause central nervous system stimulation and seizures with repeated dosing.
Caution is advised when prescribing meperidine, particularly in elderly or debilitated patients, due to its potential for adverse effects.
Clinicians should carefully evaluate the risk-benefit ratio when considering meperidine for pain relief.
It acts as a mu-opioid receptor agonist, providing potent analgesic effects.
Meperidine has a relatively short duration of action and is metabolized to normeperidine, which can accumulate and cause central nervous system stimulation and seizures with repeated dosing.
Caution is advised when prescribing meperidine, particularly in elderly or debilitated patients, due to its potential for adverse effects.
Clinicians should carefully evaluate the risk-benefit ratio when considering meperidine for pain relief.
Most cited protocols related to «Meperidine»
acetaminophen - codeine
AN 12
Analgesics
Butorphanol
Clinic Visits
Darvon
Demerol
Dilaudid
Drugs, Non-Prescription
Duragesic
Ethics Committees, Research
Fentanyl
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Inpatient
Levo-Dromoran
Levorphanol
Meperidine
Methadone
Morphine
Nalbuphine
Nubain
Numorphan
Opana
Opioids
Oxycodone
Oxycontin
Oxymorphone
Pain
Patients
Pentazocine
Percocet
Propoxyphene
Stadol
Talwin
Vicodin
The Ontario Drug Benefit database was used to ascertain opioid use after hospital discharge. These opioids included codeine, morphine, oxycodone, hydromorphone, meperidine, oxymorphone, methadone, and transdermal fentanyl. We also characterised these drugs by whether they were sustained release formulations. Early post-discharge opioid use was defined as one or more prescriptions for opioids within 1 to 90 days after surgery. Prolonged opioid use after hospital discharge was defined as one or more opioid prescriptions within 1 to 90 days after surgery along with one or more prescriptions for opioids within 91 to 180 days after surgery. This 90 day minimum interval for defining prolonged opioid use is more conservative than the 60 day interval used by the International Association for the Study of Pain to define persistent postsurgical pain,17 which has been criticised as being too short.18 (link)
Codeine
Fentanyl
Hydromorphone
Meperidine
Methadone
Morphine
Operative Surgical Procedures
Opioids
Oxycodone
Oxymorphone
Pain
Patient Discharge
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Postoperative Pain, Chronic
Prescriptions
Sustained-Release Preparations
In adult participants, following an overnight fast, blood and urine samples were collected and then 100 ml of test solution A was given by mouth. After exactly 3 h, further urine and blood samples were collected. 1 ml of 20% chlorhexidine was added to urine samples. Blood samples were collected into EDTA, plain and trace element-free lithium heparin tubes (Vacutainer, Becton Dickinson; and TekLab respectively). Blood samples were kept in the dark for 20 min then centrifuged (537g, 15 min). Test solution A contained 1 g l -rhamnose (Sigma, Poole, UK), 5 g lactulose (as lactulose syrup USP) per dose, diluted in water to 100 ml.
The next day, after an overnight fast, urine and blood samples were collected as above. After 2–3 min of observation and oxygen saturation recording, intravenous sedation (2.5–10 mg diazepam, 50–100 mg pethidine) was given and endoscopy performed using Pentax EG2990i gastroscopes (Pentax, Slough, UK). 2 ml of gastric contents were aspirated from the stomach for pH measurement, and 0.5–3 ml intestinal fluid was aspirated slowly from the duodenal lumen. Three biopsies were collected into normal saline, orientated under the dissecting microscope (Swift Optical Instruments, Schertz, TX at 10 × magnification) in the endoscopy unit, the villus configuration noted, and the biopsies fixed in formal saline. After 3 h, further blood and urine samples were collected, and the exact time noted.
The next day, after an overnight fast, urine and blood samples were collected as above. After 2–3 min of observation and oxygen saturation recording, intravenous sedation (2.5–10 mg diazepam, 50–100 mg pethidine) was given and endoscopy performed using Pentax EG2990i gastroscopes (Pentax, Slough, UK). 2 ml of gastric contents were aspirated from the stomach for pH measurement, and 0.5–3 ml intestinal fluid was aspirated slowly from the duodenal lumen. Three biopsies were collected into normal saline, orientated under the dissecting microscope (Swift Optical Instruments, Schertz, TX at 10 × magnification) in the endoscopy unit, the villus configuration noted, and the biopsies fixed in formal saline. After 3 h, further blood and urine samples were collected, and the exact time noted.
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Adult
Biopsy
BLOOD
Chlorhexidine
Diazepam
Duodenum
Edetic Acid
Endoscopy
Gastroscopes
Heparin
Intestines
Lactulose
Lithium
Meperidine
Microscopy
Normal Saline
Oral Cavity
Oxygen Saturation
Rhamnose
Saline Solution
Sedatives
Stomach
Stomach Contents
Trace Elements
Urine
Vision
The Automation of Reports and Consolidated Orders System (ARCOS) was used to collect information on the distribution of prescription opioids and their respective distributors from 2006 to 2017 (US Department of Justice, 2018 ). ARCOS is a comprehensive drug reporting system that is administered by the US Drug Enforcement Administration to track the distribution of controlled substances. Manufacturers and distributors are required to report controlled substances transactions including inventory, point of sale, and distribution of substances at the dispenser/retail level. ARCOS tallies the cumulative and quarterly sale of controlled substances in grams and reflects the distribution to pharmacies, hospitals, practitioners, mid-level practitioners, teaching institutions, and Narcotic Treatment Programs (NTP). Nine opioids, oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, morphine, methadone, meperidine, fentanyl, codeine, and hydromorphone, were selected based on reports of their being commonly abused (Drug Enforcement Administration, 2016 ; Index Mundi, 2018 ; National Institute of Drug Abuse, 2018 ; Table S2 ). Buprenorphine was chosen due to its increasing use (Piper et al., 2018 (link)) in treating an opioid use disorder, although it is also employed for pain. Procedures were approved by the IRB of the University of New England (#20180410-009).
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Buprenorphine
Codeine
Controlled Substance
Fentanyl
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Meperidine
Methadone
Morphine
Narcotics
Opioids
Opioid Use Disorder
Oxycodone
Oxymorphone
Pain
Pharmacy Distribution
Piper
EGD was performed by 14 experienced endoscopists. EGD was performed as a screening method during a health evaluation, for follow-up of gastritis and/or gastric tumor, for the examination for abdominal symptoms, to investigate an abnormality of photofluorography, to examine abnormal serum pepsinogen levels, or due to a positive finding of H. pylori antibody. The pharynx of the patients was topically anesthetized with a gargle of lidocaine hydrochloride 2% viscous solution (Xylocaine® Viscous 2%; AstraZeneca Inc., Cambridge, UK) before the EGD.(7 ) The endoscopists were allowed to use their clinical judgement to decide the amount and type of sedative and analgesic medication and the antagonist—midazolam (0–10 mg), pethidine (0–70 mg), flumazenil (0–0.5 mg) and naloxone (0–0.4 mg)—to be used. Following the EGD, the patients were transferred to the recovery room. All adverse events including nausea and vomiting were evaluated by the recovery room nurse. Patients were requested to return 10 to 14 days later for the explanation of their EGD results and were also interviewed regarding any additional adverse events.
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Abdomen
Analgesics
Clinical Reasoning
Flumazenil
Gastritis
Helicobacter pylori
Immunoglobulins
Lidocaine Hydrochloride
Meperidine
Midazolam
Mouthwashes
Naloxone
Nausea
Nurses
Patients
Pepsinogen A
Pharynx
Sedatives
Serum
Stomach Neoplasms
Viscosity
Xylocaine
Most recents protocols related to «Meperidine»
The RIC procedure was performed as described previously (
7 (link)
. The patients received pethidine hydrochloride and/or midazolam immediately before the start of the RIC procedure. All RIC procedures were performed with an IT diathermic knife (KD-610 L, IT knife/IT knife-2, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) using ordinary-sized endoscopes (GIF-Q260, Q260 J, or H290; Olympus) by expert endoscopists who had performed more than 100 cases of esophageal ESD. The RIC procedure was as follows: (1) the stricture area was incised radially using an IT knife; (2) an imaginary line that connects the esophageal lumen on the oral side and the lumen on the anal side was assumed; (3) a vertical incision was performed radially to the stricture along this line; (4) the incision area was sliced off; (5) the surface of the tight fibrotic area was shaved with a short-pronged blade of the IT knife; (6) the lumen was scraped with biopsy forceps as needed; (7) steps three to six were repeated; and (8) we confirmed that an ordinary-sized endoscope could pass through the stricture site; we used a thinner endoscope (XP260, XP260N, or XP240; Olympus) in the case of severe stricture. In addition, steroid (triamcinolone acetonide basically 50 mg) was injected into the stricture site immediately after RIC, mainly in cases with the long stricture at the discretion of the endoscopist although there were no clear criteria. The same method was performed for the repeated RIC. RIC procedures were basically performed at outpatient clinic. The patients rested at recovery room for 2 hours after the RIC procedure, and they were allowed to drink water after rest. And they were also allowed food intake at 4 hours after the RIC procedure.
Anus
Biopsy
Diathermy
Eating
Endoscopes
Fibrosis
Forceps
Meperidine
Midazolam
Patients
Stenosis
Steroids
Triamcinolone Acetonide
The following data were extracted from patient Egton Medical Information System (EMIS) records: anonymised ID, age, ethnicity, gender, GP practice code, GP partial postcode, name of opioid, dose and quantity prescribed, date prescription was added to patient record, most recent issue date, course status (past or current) and any reported problems linked to the opioid prescription. Liverpool CCG (LCCG) acted as the gatekeeper and obtained verbal consent from GP practices to share patient information. Sixty-two of the 88 GP (70.5%) practices located across LCCG agreed to share patient data. An extract report was uploaded onto EMIS web, the data was extracted and then saved onto a secure network in an Excel spreadsheet. The data was pre-processed using Microsoft Excel, after which 93,236 prescriptions written for 30,474 patients remained (see Fig 1 ).
All prescriptions were cross-referenced with the British National Formulary (BNF) and re-coded according to their active opioid ingredient. This resulted in 12 groups including: oxycodone, tramadol, matazinol, methadone, morphine, tapentadol, pethidine, fentanyl, codeine, buprenorphine, dihydrocodeine and hydromorphine. Opioids commonly indicated for cancer or drug dependence (including dextropropoxphene, diamorphine, alfentanil, coproxomol, galenphol, oxylan and pavacol) were excluded. Dosage instructions were recoded to facilitate calculation of MED; if missing, maximal possible daily dose provided by the BNF was used.
All prescriptions were cross-referenced with the British National Formulary (BNF) and re-coded according to their active opioid ingredient. This resulted in 12 groups including: oxycodone, tramadol, matazinol, methadone, morphine, tapentadol, pethidine, fentanyl, codeine, buprenorphine, dihydrocodeine and hydromorphine. Opioids commonly indicated for cancer or drug dependence (including dextropropoxphene, diamorphine, alfentanil, coproxomol, galenphol, oxylan and pavacol) were excluded. Dosage instructions were recoded to facilitate calculation of MED; if missing, maximal possible daily dose provided by the BNF was used.
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Alfentanil
Buprenorphine
Codeine
dihydrocodeine
Drug Dependence
Ethnicity
Fentanyl
Gender
Heroin
Malignant Neoplasms
Meperidine
Methadone
Morphine
Opioids
Oxycodone
Patients
Prescriptions
Tapentadol
Tramadol
All endoscopic procedures were performed by experienced endoscopists or trainees under their direct supervision. Endoscopic stent removal was performed using either a duodenoscope or a single‐balloon enteroscope (JF‐260V, TJF‐260V, TJF‐Q290V, SIF‐H290S; Olympus Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) under conscious sedation with pethidine and midazolam. Before attempting stent removal or after attempting stent removal and experiencing resistance, biliary cannulation from the stent end or cannulation through the stent mesh was performed if possible. Balloon sweeping inside the stent was performed with stone extraction balloons under fluoroscopic guidance to check for contrast defects inside the stent suggesting tumor ingrowth. Rat‐tooth forceps, biopsy forceps, or a snare were used for stent removal at the discretion of the endoscopist. An attempt at stent removal was generally performed by grasping the stent with forceps or a snare, pushing the endoscope and twisting clockwise to move the stent slightly out of the bile duct, and regrasping further up on the stent near the ampulla to repeat the process. If unsuccessful, if strong resistance was felt, or if distal duodenal stenosis preclude pushing the endoscope, the stent was grasped and pulled together with the endoscope into the stomach. In either case, both the stent and the endoscope were carefully removed together from the patient's body under endoscopic and fluoroscopic guidance to avoid injury to the surrounding intestinal tract.
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Bile
Biopsy
Calculi
Cannulation
Conscious Sedation
Duct, Bile
Duodenal stenosis
Duodenoscopes
Endoscopes
Endoscopy
Feelings
Fluoroscopy
Forceps
Human Body
Injuries
Intestines
Meperidine
Midazolam
Neoplasms
Single-Balloon Enteroscopy
SNAP Receptor
Stents
Stomach
Supervision
Surgical Endoscopy
Tooth
Clinical data were obtained from the patient’s medical records from Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital. Ethical approval was obtained from the independent ethics committee of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine (2018-14). All 76 patients after severe burns (> 70% total body surface area (TBSA)) from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, were collected. Patients with incomplete information, younger than 14 years, patients who were not admitted to the hospital on the day of the injury, or whose hospital stay was less than seven days were excluded (n = 25). Finally, 51 patients were included and analyzed in this study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the treatments they received: the Fen+Mid group (fentanyl + midazolam, n = 30) and the Pet+Pro group (pethidine + promethazine, n=21). Informed consent was not required owing to the retrospective nature of the study and anonymized patient records. Patient information is summarized in Table 1
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Body Surface Area
Burns
Ethics Committees, Clinical
Fentanyl
Injuries
Meperidine
Midazolam
Patients
Promethazine
Youth
All included patients were fasted for 8 hours and did not receive any analgesics 6 hours before surgery. The VAS was trained for all participants. Patients were placed in the study groups after entering the operating room based on the described randomization method. Neither the patient nor the assessor was aware of the study group.
In the operating room, 200 mL of normal saline was infused before induction of spinal anesthesia, and the pain intensity was assessed with the VAS. Vital signs were also checked. Spinal anesthesia was induced using a Quinke needle G26 at the injection rate of 0.2 mL/s. Immediately after injection, patients were positioned in the Trendelenburg position, and after 30 seconds, their anesthesia level was checked every 30 seconds by the Pin Prick test. After anesthesia reached the L1 level, patients were returned to the supine position, and their ability to move their healthy foot was evaluated; then, they received 2 mg of midazolam. A tourniquet was applied, and all patients were oxygenated during surgery with a mask at a rate of 4–6 L/min.
Vital signs were checked every 5 minutes during the first 15 minutes. Patients with over 20% drop in blood pressure and a heart rate of <50 received inotrope. Those with nausea received atropine or androsterone. Shivering during surgery was treated with 25 mg of pethidine or androsterone.
The onset of anesthesia is as follows: the time interval between induction of anesthesia and anesthesia at L1 and the time interval between anesthesia at L1 and anesthesia at two levels below were measured.
In the operating room, 200 mL of normal saline was infused before induction of spinal anesthesia, and the pain intensity was assessed with the VAS. Vital signs were also checked. Spinal anesthesia was induced using a Quinke needle G26 at the injection rate of 0.2 mL/s. Immediately after injection, patients were positioned in the Trendelenburg position, and after 30 seconds, their anesthesia level was checked every 30 seconds by the Pin Prick test. After anesthesia reached the L1 level, patients were returned to the supine position, and their ability to move their healthy foot was evaluated; then, they received 2 mg of midazolam. A tourniquet was applied, and all patients were oxygenated during surgery with a mask at a rate of 4–6 L/min.
Vital signs were checked every 5 minutes during the first 15 minutes. Patients with over 20% drop in blood pressure and a heart rate of <50 received inotrope. Those with nausea received atropine or androsterone. Shivering during surgery was treated with 25 mg of pethidine or androsterone.
The onset of anesthesia is as follows: the time interval between induction of anesthesia and anesthesia at L1 and the time interval between anesthesia at L1 and anesthesia at two levels below were measured.
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Analgesics
Androsterone
Anesthesia
Atropine
Blood Pressure
Foot
Inotropism
Meperidine
Midazolam
Nausea
Needles
Neoplasm Metastasis
Normal Saline
Operative Surgical Procedures
Patients
Rate, Heart
Severity, Pain
Signs, Vital
Spinal Anesthesia
Tourniquets
Top products related to «Meperidine»
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More about "Meperidine"
Meperidine, also known as pethidine or Demerol, is a synthetic opioid analgesic that has been widely used for the management of moderate to severe pain.
As a mu-opioid receptor agonist, meperidine provides potent analgesic effects, making it a valuable tool in pain relief.
However, it's important to note that meperidine has a relatively short duration of action and is metabolized to normeperidine, which can accumulate and cause central nervous system stimulation and seizures with repeated dosing.
When prescribing meperidine, clinicians must exercise caution, particularly in elderly or debilitated patients, due to its potential for adverse effects.
The risk-benefit ratio should be carefully evaluated when considering meperidine for pain relief.
Researchers can optimize their meperidine studies by utilizing AI-powered tools like PubCompare.ai, which can enhance reproducibility and accuracy by locating the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, while leveraging AI-driven comparisons to identify the most effective approaches.
Additionally, related terms and abbreviations such as pethidine, Demerol, MOR agonist, and CNS stimulation should be considered when conducting research on meperidine.
Subtopics like pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and adverse effects may also be relevant.
Information from related devices such as TJF-260V, GIF-H260, GIF-H260Z, JF-260, GF-UM2000, GIF-Q260, GF-UCT260, GIF-HQ290, CF-H260AI, and JF-260V may provide valuable insights into the clinical use and management of meperidine.
As a mu-opioid receptor agonist, meperidine provides potent analgesic effects, making it a valuable tool in pain relief.
However, it's important to note that meperidine has a relatively short duration of action and is metabolized to normeperidine, which can accumulate and cause central nervous system stimulation and seizures with repeated dosing.
When prescribing meperidine, clinicians must exercise caution, particularly in elderly or debilitated patients, due to its potential for adverse effects.
The risk-benefit ratio should be carefully evaluated when considering meperidine for pain relief.
Researchers can optimize their meperidine studies by utilizing AI-powered tools like PubCompare.ai, which can enhance reproducibility and accuracy by locating the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, while leveraging AI-driven comparisons to identify the most effective approaches.
Additionally, related terms and abbreviations such as pethidine, Demerol, MOR agonist, and CNS stimulation should be considered when conducting research on meperidine.
Subtopics like pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and adverse effects may also be relevant.
Information from related devices such as TJF-260V, GIF-H260, GIF-H260Z, JF-260, GF-UM2000, GIF-Q260, GF-UCT260, GIF-HQ290, CF-H260AI, and JF-260V may provide valuable insights into the clinical use and management of meperidine.