The overall reaction scheme is shown in Figure 1 , and is described in detail below both in a standard protocol for chemists, as well as a less technical protocol intended for biochemists without formal training in organic chemistry. Additional notes on the synthesis are provided as supplemental information . All of the procedures involving organic solvents should be performed in a fume hood, and some of the reagents are especially toxic (methyl iodide and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide). Proper safety equipment should be used to handle these compounds and care should be taken to minimize exposure. The procedures described below are identical for all four isotopic tags; although the molecular weights and densities of the methyl iodide vary, the differences are so small as to be negligible. The use of CH3I results in the production of D0-TMAB-NHS (Figure 2 ), which was previously referred to as H9-TMAB-NHS22 (link). The use of methyl iodide with 3 deuterium atoms in place of the hydrogen atoms (Cd3I) produces D9-TMAB-NHS, as previously described 22 (link);23 (link). The two new labels are produced from CH2dI and CHd2I and result in the formation of D3-TMAB-NHS and D6-TMAB-NHS, respectively (Figure 2 ).
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Methyl iodide
Methyl iodide
Methyl iodide (CH3I) is a highly reactive organic compound used in a variety of chemical syntheses and industrial processes.
It serves as a versatile alkylating agent, finding applications in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals.
Methyl iodide is also used as a soil fumigant and as a laboratory reagent.
Researchers must carefully optimize protocols to ensure accurate and reproducible results when working with this potent substance.
PubCompare.ai can help identify the most effective and reliable methods from the scientific literature, pre-prints, and patents, leveraging AI-driven comparisons to enhance the quality of Methyl iodide studies.
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It serves as a versatile alkylating agent, finding applications in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals.
Methyl iodide is also used as a soil fumigant and as a laboratory reagent.
Researchers must carefully optimize protocols to ensure accurate and reproducible results when working with this potent substance.
PubCompare.ai can help identify the most effective and reliable methods from the scientific literature, pre-prints, and patents, leveraging AI-driven comparisons to enhance the quality of Methyl iodide studies.
Expereience the future of scientific research today with PubCompare.ai.
Most cited protocols related to «Methyl iodide»
Deuterium
Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
Isotopes
methyl iodide
Solvents
Tritium
Acids
Ammonia
arsenate
Arsenic
arsenite
arsenobetaine
arsenocholine
Bromides
Cacodylate
Distillation
formic acid
High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies
Homo sapiens
Mass Spectrometry
methylarsonate
methyl iodide
Nitric acid
Peroxide, Hydrogen
Phosphoric Acids
pyridine
Quartz
Rosa
Sodium
sodium arsenite
Sodium Chloride
tetramethylarsonium
Trace Elements
trimethylarsine oxide
Urine
acetonitrile
Deanol
derivatives
Erythrocytes
Esters
Ethanol
Fatty Acids
Hydrolysis
Methanol
Methylene Chloride
methyl iodide
Nicotinyl Alcohol
Nitrogen
oxalyl chloride
Standard Preparations
Matching CID spectra of an unknown plasma metabolite with identical retention time and mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) as authentic L-carnitine (m/z = 162) were obtained as described in Supplementary Methods . Concentrations of carnitine, TMA and TMAO isotopologues in mouse and human plasma samples were determined by stable isotope dilution LC/MS/MS in positive MRM mode using deuterated internal standards on an AB Sciex API 5000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (Applied Biosystems) as described in Supplementary Methods . In studies quantifying endogenous carnitine and ingested d3-carnitine, d9-carnitine was used as internal standard. D9-carnitine was prepared by dissolving 3-hydroxy-4-aminobutyric acid (Chem-Impex Intl.) in methanol and exhaustive reaction with d3-methyl iodide (Cambridge Isotope Labs) in the presence of potassium hydrogen carbonate. Further details regarding synthesis, purification and characterization of d9-carnitine can be found in Supplementary Methods .
Aminobutyric Acid
Anabolism
Carnitine
Homo sapiens
Isotopes
Methanol
methyl iodide
Mice, House
Plasma
potassium bicarbonate
Retention (Psychology)
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Technique, Dilution
trimethyloxamine
Most recents protocols related to «Methyl iodide»
Dynamic adsorption experiments were executed utilizing a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor operating at a temperature of 150 °C. Specifically, 30 mg of adsorbent was loaded into a quartz column (4.6 mm I.D. × 200 mm) with silane-treated glass wool employed to occupy the interstitial void space. The column was subsequently activated at 150 °C for 6 h under a dry helium flow (10 mL/min). To evaluate performance under a partial pressure of 0.2 bar, a nitrogen carrier flow at a rate of 3 mL/min was directed through a CH3I vapor generator, subsequently passing through the adsorbent-packed column at a linear velocity of 18 cm/min, corresponding to a residence time of approximately 5 s. The concentration of CH3I in the effluent was continuously monitored using an online mass spectrometry (MS) system. The flow rate of CH3I under these conditions was determined to be approximately 4.408 mg/min by trial and error.
To assess performance under a partial pressure of 0.01 bar, a nitrogen carrier flow at a rate of 0.3 mL/min was directed through the CH3I vapor generator, subsequently combined with another dry nitrogen flow at a rate of 5.7 mL/min before passing through the adsorbent column. Under these conditions, the linear velocity was 36 cm/min, with a residence time of ~2.5 s. The flow rate of CH3I under this configuration was approximately 0.426 mg/min. Experiments conducted under humid conditions (RH = 50%) at 0.01 bar involved mixing a nitrogen flow passing through the CH3I vapor generator at a rate of 0.3 mL/min with a nitrogen flow passing through the water vapor generator at a rate of 3 mL/min, along with a dry nitrogen flow at a rate of 2.7 mL/min. The combined gas stream was then directed through the adsorbent column. Monitoring of CH3I in the effluent was performed using an online MS system.
The adsorption capacities at breakthrough (Qbreakthrough) were determined using the following equation: Where v represents the flow rate of CH3I (mg/min); t1% (corresponding to C/C0 = 1%, min) denotes the breakthrough point when the concentration of CH3I in the effluent stream (C) reaches 1% of the initial concentration (C0); m signifies the weight of the adsorbent (mg).
To assess performance under a partial pressure of 0.01 bar, a nitrogen carrier flow at a rate of 0.3 mL/min was directed through the CH3I vapor generator, subsequently combined with another dry nitrogen flow at a rate of 5.7 mL/min before passing through the adsorbent column. Under these conditions, the linear velocity was 36 cm/min, with a residence time of ~2.5 s. The flow rate of CH3I under this configuration was approximately 0.426 mg/min. Experiments conducted under humid conditions (RH = 50%) at 0.01 bar involved mixing a nitrogen flow passing through the CH3I vapor generator at a rate of 0.3 mL/min with a nitrogen flow passing through the water vapor generator at a rate of 3 mL/min, along with a dry nitrogen flow at a rate of 2.7 mL/min. The combined gas stream was then directed through the adsorbent column. Monitoring of CH3I in the effluent was performed using an online MS system.
The adsorption capacities at breakthrough (Qbreakthrough) were determined using the following equation: Where v represents the flow rate of CH3I (mg/min); t1% (corresponding to C/C0 = 1%, min) denotes the breakthrough point when the concentration of CH3I in the effluent stream (C) reaches 1% of the initial concentration (C0); m signifies the weight of the adsorbent (mg).
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[11C]CH4 was produced from a methane target via the 14N(p, α)11C nuclear reaction in a cyclotron. The target was filled with nitrogen gas mixed with 10% hydrogen and bombarded for 2–5 min at 35 µA. [11C]CH3I was synthesized using the TracerMaker module with in-target-produced [11C]CH4 as previously reported [30 (link)]. After the production of [11C]CH3I (~3–5.5 GBq), it was transferred through a separate line directly connected to the iMiDEV™ radiosynthesizer. The flow rate of [11C]CH3I was set at 8 mL/min [24 (link)].
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A mixture of 1 (3.95 g, 10 mmol), methyl iodide (0.7 mL, 10 mmol), ethyl chloroacetate (1 mL, 10 mmol), 2-chloroacetamide (0.93 g, 10 mmol), chloroacetonitrile (0.8 mL, 10 mmol)or N-aryl-2-chloroacetamide 2a–e (10 mmol), and sodium acetate trihydrate (1.50 g, 11 mmol) in ethanol (100 mL) was refluxed for one hour. The reaction mixture was then allowed to stand at room temperature overnight. After that the precipitate was collected and recrystallized from ethanol as colorless crystals of title compounds 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7a–e respectively.
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P4VP was quaternized according
to an adapted procedure from Sadman and co-workers.39 (link) To obtain QP4VP, 4.00 g (38 mmol) of P4VP was dissolved
in 40 mL of DMSO before 10.8 g (76 mmol, 2 equiv) of MeI was added
dropwise, and the reaction was stirred for 4 h at room temperature.
Excess MeI was first removed by bubbling the solution with nitrogen
before precipitation was performed in acetone, and the polymer was
redissolved in water. QP4VP was retrieved after freeze-drying and
with high yield, i.e., quaternization ≥99%, 9.06 g (yield 96%)
(Figure S6 ).
to an adapted procedure from Sadman and co-workers.39 (link) To obtain QP4VP, 4.00 g (38 mmol) of P4VP was dissolved
in 40 mL of DMSO before 10.8 g (76 mmol, 2 equiv) of MeI was added
dropwise, and the reaction was stirred for 4 h at room temperature.
Excess MeI was first removed by bubbling the solution with nitrogen
before precipitation was performed in acetone, and the polymer was
redissolved in water. QP4VP was retrieved after freeze-drying and
with high yield, i.e., quaternization ≥99%, 9.06 g (yield 96%)
(
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F-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate (8 Ω per square) was purchased from Suzhou Shangyang Solar Energy Technology Co. Ltd. Formamidine hydroiodate (FAI), methyl ammonium iodide (MAI), cesium iodide (CsI), methyl ammonium chloride (MACl), and 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-MeOTAD) were purchased from Liaoning Optimum New Energy Technology Co. Ltd. Lead iodide (PbI2), lead bromide (PbBr2), and isopropanol (IPA) were purchased from TCI. Phenethylmethoxy iodide (PEAI), bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide lithium salt (Li-TFSI), 4-tert-butylpyridine (t-BP), and tris(2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-4-tert-butylpyridine)-cobalt(III)-tris(bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) (FK-209) were purchased from Xi’an Yuri Solar Co. Ltd. Titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), acetonitrile (ACN), and chlorobenzene (CB) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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Top products related to «Methyl iodide»
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DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.
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Propidium iodide is a fluorescent dye commonly used in molecular biology and flow cytometry applications. It binds to DNA and is used to stain cell nuclei, allowing for the identification and quantification of cells in various stages of the cell cycle.
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Methyl iodide is a colorless, volatile, and highly reactive chemical compound. It is primarily used as a laboratory reagent and as a precursor in organic synthesis. Methyl iodide has a distinct odor and is considered a hazardous material due to its toxicity and flammability. Detailed information about its specific applications or intended uses is not provided in order to maintain an unbiased and factual approach.
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Sodium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white, odorless, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and is a strong base. It is commonly used in various laboratory applications as a reagent.
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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
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Chlorobenzene is a colorless, volatile liquid used as an intermediate in the production of various chemicals. It serves as a precursor for the synthesis of other organic compounds.
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Propidium iodide is a fluorescent dye used in flow cytometry to stain and quantify DNA content in cells. It binds to DNA by intercalating between the bases. Propidium iodide is commonly used to distinguish viable from non-viable cells.
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Potassium iodide is a chemical compound that is commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in water and has a wide range of applications in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, photography, and water treatment. The core function of potassium iodide is to serve as a source of iodide ions, which are essential for various chemical reactions and processes.
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Acetonitrile is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid. It is a commonly used solvent in various analytical and chemical applications, including liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and other laboratory procedures. Acetonitrile is known for its high polarity and ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds.
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Methanol is a clear, colorless, and flammable liquid that is widely used in various industrial and laboratory applications. It serves as a solvent, fuel, and chemical intermediate. Methanol has a simple chemical formula of CH3OH and a boiling point of 64.7°C. It is a versatile compound that is widely used in the production of other chemicals, as well as in the fuel industry.
More about "Methyl iodide"
DMSO, Propidium iodide, Methyl iodide, Sodium hydroxide, FBS, Chlorobenzene, Potassium iodide, Acetonitrile, Methanol