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MM 36

MeSH term MM 36 refers to a specific type of molecular marker used in scientific research.
It is a unique identifier for a particular biomolecule or genetic sequence that can be detected and quantified to provide insights into biological processes or disease states.
MM 36 is commonly employed in areas such as genomics, proteomics, and biomarker discovery to enable accurate and reproducibole findings.
Researchers can utilize MM 36 to streamline their experimental protocols, ensuring reliable results and advancing scientific knowledge in their field of study.

Most cited protocols related to «MM 36»

Quantifying Amyloid Fibrils with ThT

Cited 29 times

ThT (Sigma, product no. T3516) was dissolved in PBS buffer and was filtered through a 0.2 µm syringe filter. Then the concentration of thioflavin T was determined using an extinction coefficient of 36 mM⁻¹ cm⁻¹ at 412 nm [27 ,28 (link)].
For measurement of ThT fluorescence without proteins, various concentrations of ThT were prepared in PBS using serial dilution. Forty microlitres of ThT sample at each concentration was transferred to a black 384-well Nonbinding Surface microplate with clear bottom (Corning product no. 3655). The ThT fluorescence was measured at room temperature (approx. 24°C) using a Victor 3 V plate reader (Perkin Elmer) through the bottom of the plate with excitation filter of 450 nm and emission filter of 490 nm.
For measurement of ThT fluorescence in the presence of amyloid fibrils, various concentrations of sonicated Aβ40, Aβ42 and Ure2 fibrils were also prepared using serial dilution. Then 20 µl of ThT was mixed with 20 µl of sonicated fibrils to achieve desired concentrations of ThT and amyloid. Fluorescence measurements were performed as described above.

Xue C., Lin T.Y., Chang D, & Guo Z. (2017). Thioflavin T as an amyloid dye: fibril quantification, optimal concentration and effect on aggregation. Royal Society Open Science, 4(1), 160696.

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Publication 2017

Amyloid Fibrils Amyloid Proteins Buffers Extinction, Psychological Fluorescence MM 36 Proteins Syringes Technique, Dilution thioflavin T

Diffusion Tensor Imaging Protocol

Cited 12 times

After obtaining informed consent in accordance with our institutional guidelines, we scanned five healthy right-handed male volunteers aged between 24 and 32 y (mean = 29.4, S.D. = 3.4). Imaging was performed on an Achieva 3T Philips scanner using a diffusion weighted single-shot EPI sequence with a TR of 4,200 ms and a TE of 89 ms. The maximum diffusion gradient intensity was 80 mT/m, the gradient duration δ was 32.5 ms and the diffusion time Δ was 43.5, yielding a maximal b-value of 9,000 s/mm². Q-space was sampled over 129 points located inside a hemispherical area of a cubic lattice, by varying the diffusion gradient intensity and direction such that q = aq_x + bq_y + cq_z, (where a, b, and c are integers such that
≤ 4; q_x, q_y, and q_z denote the unit diffusion sensitizing gradient vectors in the three respective coordinate directions; and q = γδg_, where γ is the gyromagnetic ratio and g is the gradient strength (mT/m). The axial field of view was set to 224 by 224 mm and the acquisition matrix was 112 by 112, yielding an in-plane resolution of 2 × 2 mm. Parallel imaging was used with our eight-channel head coil with a reduction factor of 3. 36 contiguous slices of 3-mm thickness were acquired in two blocks resulting in an acquisition time of 18 minutes. In addition, a high resolution T1-weighted gradient echo sequence was acquired in a matrix of 512 × 512 × 128 voxels of isotropic 1-mm resolution.
Data reconstruction was performed according to a DSI protocol [26 ,27 (link),51 (link)]. In every brain position, the diffusion probability density function (PDF) was reconstructed by taking the discrete 3D Fourier transform of the signal modulus symmetric around the center of q-space. The signal was pre-multiplied by a Hanning window before Fourier transformation in order to ensure smooth attenuation of the signal at high |q| values. The 3D PDF was normalized by dividing by its integral at every voxel. The orientation distribution function (ODF) φ was derived directly from the PDF by taking a radial summation of the 3D PDF p(r):
where ρ is the radius and u is a unit direction vector. The integral was evaluated as a discrete sum over the range ρ ∈ [0,5]. The ODF is defined on a discrete sphere and captures the diffusion “intensity” in every direction. It was evaluated for a set of vectors u_i that are the vertices of a tessellated sphere with mean nearest-neighbor separation approximately 10°. The result was a diffusion map composed of ODFs at every location in the brain. The ODFs were represented as deformed spheres with the radius proportional to φ(u).

Hagmann P., Cammoun L., Gigandet X., Meuli R., Honey C.J., Wedeen V.J, & Sporns O. (2008). Mapping the Structural Core of Human Cerebral Cortex. PLoS Biology, 6(7), e159.

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Publication 2008

Brain Cloning Vectors Cuboid Bone Diffusion ECHO protocol factor A Head Healthy Volunteers Males MM 36 Radius Reconstructive Surgical Procedures TNFSF11 protein, human

CNN-based Organ Segmentation in CT Imaging

Cited 11 times

The CNN-based organ segmentation in CT studies in RECOMIA has been used in multiple studies [7 (link)–12 (link)]. These studies were approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board (#295/08) and were performed following the Declaration of Helsinki. Patients and image acquisition have been described previously [7 (link), 8 (link), 10 , 11 (link)].
A group of experienced radiologists and nuclear medicine physicians manually segmented different organs using the RECOMIA platform. The organs included 77 bones and 23 soft tissue organs (Table 1). Not all organs were annotated in all CT studies, which had to be handled in the training process. A dataset of approximately 13,000 manual organ segmentations in 339 images was used to train the CNNs.
Table 1

List of the 100 different organs segmented throughout the studies grouped by type

Bones	Organs	Soft tissue	Organs
Skull	1	Adrenal gland	2
Mandible	1	Brain	1
Cervical vertebrae	7	Lungs	2
Thoracic vertebrae	12	Trachea	1
Lumbar vertebrae	5	Bronchi	2
Ribs	24	Heart	1
Sacrum and coccyx	1	Aorta	1
Hip bones	2	Ventricle	1
Scapulae	2	Gastrointestinal tract	1
Clavicles	2	Liver	1
Sternum manubrium	1	Gallbladder	1
Sternum body	1	Spleen	1
Humerus	2	Pancreas	1
Radius	2	Kidneys	2
Ulna	2	Urinary bladder	1
Hand	2	Prostate	1
Femur	2	Testes	1
Tibia	2	Musc. gluteus maximus	2
Fibula	2
Patella	2
Foot	2
Total	77		23

A separate test set of 10 patients (5 male/5 female) was used to test the method and obtain data on inter-observer variability. Each test case was segmented independently by two different readers. Ten organs (prostate only for male patients) were segmented in each CT study.
All images used for training, validation, and test had a pixel spacing of 1.36 mm in slices and a distance between slices of 3 mm. Images with different pixel spacing can still be segmented by resampling the images using trilinear interpolation before running the networks. The resulting segmentation is then resampled to the image resolution using the nearest neighbour interpolation.

Trägårdh E., Borrelli P., Kaboteh R., Gillberg T., Ulén J., Enqvist O, & Edenbrandt L. (2020). RECOMIA—a cloud-based platform for artificial intelligence research in nuclear medicine and radiology. EJNMMI Physics, 7, 51.

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Publication 2020

Bones Buttocks Ethical Review Males MM 36 Patients Physicians Prostate Radiologist Radionuclide Imaging Tissues Woman

Validation of MIMU-Based Gait Spatio-Temporal Metrics

Cited 11 times

Two MIMUs (Opal, APDM) featuring a tri-axial accelerometer, a tri-axial gyroscope and a tri-axial magnetometer (unit weight 22 g, unit size 48.5 mm × 36.5 mm × 13.5 mm) were used. Sampling frequency was set at 128 Hz and accelerometer range at ±6 g. MIMUs were attached to the subject ankles (about 20 mm above the malleolus) with X, Y and Z axes pointing downward, forward and to the right, respectively (Figure 1). The physical quantities (proper accelerations, angular velocities and magnetic field vector) are measured with respect to the axes of a local frame aligned to the edges of the unit housing. An estimate of the MIMU local coordinate system (LCS) orientation with respect to the global coordinate system (GCS) was provided by the APDM proprietary software. A spot check of the MIMU performance was performed according to the guidelines proposed by [46 (link)].A gait pressure mat (GAITRite Electronic Walkway, CIR System Inc) acquiring at 120 Hz (spatial resolution accuracy: ±12.7 mm; temporal accuracy: ±1 sample) was used for validation purposes (Figure 1). The instrumented mat returned all GEs, temporal and spatial parameters under analysis. The MIMUs and the instrumented mat were synchronized (±1 sample).Figure 1

Subject wearing two MIMUs attached above the ankles and walking on the instrumented mat used as gold standard for MIMU based estimates of gait spatio-temporal parameters.

Trojaniello D., Cereatti A., Pelosin E., Avanzino L., Mirelman A., Hausdorff J.M, & Della Croce U. (2014). Estimation of step-by-step spatio-temporal parameters of normal and impaired gait using shank-mounted magneto-inertial sensors: application to elderly, hemiparetic, parkinsonian and choreic gait. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 11, 152.

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Publication 2014

Acceleration Ankle Cloning Vectors Epistropheus Gold Magnetic Fields MM 36 Physical Examination Pressure Reading Frames VPDA protocol

Medetomidine-based Anesthesia Protocol for Rat fMRI

Cited 10 times

Protocol full text hidden due to copyright restrictions

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Publication 2009

Anesthesia, Intravenous fMRI Forests Infusion Pump Isoflurane Medetomidine Medetomidine Hydrochloride MM 36 Operative Surgical Procedures Pancuronium Bromide Pulse Rate Radionuclide Imaging Rattus

Most recents protocols related to «MM 36»

Bilateral Prh Cannula Implantation in Rats

All rats that were used for pharmacological infusions were implanted bilaterally in Prh with 22-gauge indwelling guide cannulas. Subjects were anesthetized with ketamine (Holliday, 74 mg/kg, i.p.) and xylazine (Konig, 7.4 mg/kg, i.p.) and placed in a stereotaxic frame (David Kopf Instruments, Tujunga, CA, USA) with the incisor bar set at −3.2 mm. Guide cannulas were implanted according to the following coordinates, measured relative to the skull at bregma (Paxinos and Watson, 1998 (link)) anteroposterior −5.5 mm, lateral ± 6.6 mm, dorsoventral −7.1 mm. The cannulas were secured to the skull using dental acrylic. Obturators, cut to sit flush with the tip of the guide cannulas and with an outer diameter of 0.36 mm, were inserted into the guides and remained there until the first infusions. At the completion of each surgery, an antibiotic was applied for 3 days (Enrofloxacin; 0.27 mg kg-1, Vetanco, Arg). Animals were given approximately 7 days to recover before behavioral testing and drug infusions.

Piromalli Girado D., Miranda M., Giachero M., Weisstaub N, & Bekinschtein P. (2023). Endocytosis is required for consolidation of pattern-separated memories in the perirhinal cortex. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 17, 1043664.

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Publication 2023

Animals Antibiotics Cannula Cranium Dental Health Services Enrofloxacin Flushing Incisor Ketamine MM 36 Operative Surgical Procedures Pharmaceutical Preparations Rattus Reading Frames Xylazine

Latent Myofascial Trigger Point Injection Protocol

The drugs used for latent MTrPs injection containing vitamin B₁₂ (JinYao Corp, Tianjin City, China; 2 ml:1 mg), 2% lidocaine injection (ZhaoHui Corp, Shanghai City, China; 5 ml:100 mg), and compound betamethasone injection (MSD Merck Sharp & Dohme AG, Switzerland; 1 ml: 5 mg betamethasone dipropionate and 2 mg betamethasone sodium phosphate) were diluted to 20 ml with 0.9% saline for a single injection. Injection of latent MTrPs was performed using needle 25 (0.5 mm × 36 mm) and a 20 ml syringe (We Go Corp, Weihai City, China).
The latent MTrPs were mainly found in the sternoclavicular joint, sternocleidomastoid, medial or lateral pterygoid muscles, and splenius capitis muscles by palpation (Figure 1). However, it was difficult to palpate when some trigger points were hidden in muscles, and the final therapeutic effects depend on the accuracy of palpated points (16 (link)). Accurate signs of latent MTrPs can be confirmed by the patient showing “jumping signs,” which may include head retraction, fascial (or forehead) wrinkles, verbal responses, or local twitch responses (LTRs) (11 (link), 12 (link)). Palpation and injection of latent MTrPs were performed according to Travell and Simons’ “Trigger Point Manual” (17 ).

Liu Q., Zhang W., Tian T., Liu Y., Bai H., Hu Q, & Qi F. (2023). Latent myofascial trigger points injection therapy for adult cough variant asthma: A randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Medicine, 10, 937377.

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Publication 2023

Betamethasone betamethasone dipropionate betamethasone sodium phosphate Cobalamins Fascia Feelings Forehead Head Lidocaine MM 36 Muscle Tissue Needles Normal Saline Palpation Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pterygoid Muscles Splenius Sternoclavicular Joint Syringes Therapeutic Effect Trigger Point

3D Printed Tofacitinib and Budesonide Suppositories

Pre-selected proportions of lipid excipients, co-solvent, and drugs were weighed in preparation for compounding of the formulations (Table 1). Each TOF10-BUD4 suppository contained 10 mg tofacitinib citrate and 4 mg budesonide, whereas each TOF5-BUD2 suppository contained 5 mg tofacitinib citrate and 2 mg budesonide. 4 and 2 mg budesonide dosing in suppositories has been previously reported in the literature (Kruis et al., 2019 (link); Kruis et al., 2022 ). Tofacitinib citrate is currently available in 2 oral doses; 10 and 5 mg. As there are currently no rectal forms of tofacitinib citrate commercially available (Electronic Medicines Compendium, 2022 ), its UC oral doses were adopted in this study.Table 1

Summary of the compositions of the formulations used for printing the suppositories.

Table 1

Formulation	Tofacitinib citrate (%w/w)	Budesonide (%w/w)	Gelucire® 44/14 (%w/w)	Coconut oil (%w/w)	N,N-DMA (%w/w)
TOF10-BUD4	0.49	0.19	75.46	18.86	5.00
TOF5-BUD2	0.24	0.10	75.73	18.93	5.00

Selected ratios of excipients were melted at 75 °C in a 100 mL glass beaker, positioned on a Super-Nuova Multi-Position Digital Stirring Hotplate (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Massachusetts, USA) under magnetic stirring (500 rpm). Once the mixture was completely melted, selected amounts of the drugs were added, whilst keeping the mixture under magnetic stirring until complete solubilisation of the drugs was achieved. Upon solubilisation, the formulation was directly transferred to a 20 mL Injekt® disposable syringe (Braun, Germany) and placed in a −20 °C freezer to solidify. Once solid, a tapered 0.024″ - 0.61 mm extrusion tip (Fisnar, UK) was attached to the end of the syringe which was then positioned into the SSE printhead of the M3DIMAKER 2 3D printer (FabRx Ltd., UK). Previously prepared 3D models (Dimensions: 12 mm × 36 mm) of the suppositories were transformed into .gcode files by means of Cura software (v 15.04.6, Ultimaker Utrecht, Netherlands) and printed using the following parameters: 29 °C printing temperature; 0.5 mm layer height; 2.4 mm shell thickness; 25 mm/s flow speed. As the printing temperature was close to room temperature, an evaporative air cooler (Igenix, UK) was placed in front of the 3D printer during the printing process and set at fan speed 3 to ensure printing consistency despite changes in the atmospheric temperature. Following printing, the 3D printed suppositories were transferred into a 4 °C fridge and allowed to solidify, and subsequently weighed and stored in a −20 °C freezer. This temperature was selected since it is typically used for budesonide's storge, ensuring its stability within the suppositories.

Awad A., Hollis E., Goyanes A., Orlu M., Gaisford S, & Basit A.W. (2023). 3D printed multi-drug-loaded suppositories for acute severe ulcerative colitis. International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X, 5, 100165.

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Publication 2023

Budesonide Citrates Excipients Fingers gelucire 44-14 Lipids magnesium citrate MM 36 Oil, Coconut Pharmaceutical Preparations Rectum Solvents Suppositories Syringes tofacitinib tofacitinib citrate

Platelet Protein Isolation Protocol

Protein isolation from platelets from PRP was performed according to Leoncini et al. [19 (link)]. Briefly, for each platelet sample, centrifugation was performed at 1200x g for 20 min and the pellet was washed twice in 36 mM citric acid buffer containing 100 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl₂, and 5 mM glucose at pH 6.5 [18 (link)]. The platelet pellet was then minced in 700 µL of protein extraction buffer [20 (link)], the obtained homogenate was centrifuged at 12000x g for 5 min at 4 °C to remove particulate matter, and the supernatant was stored at -70 °C [19 (link)]. The Bradford method was used to measure the protein concentration of each sample [20 (link)]. Five samples were used for each study group.

Garcia-Bañuelos J.J., Galicia-Moreno M., Monroy-Ramirez H.C., Navarro-Partida J., Bastidas-Ramirez B.E., Santos A, & Armendariz-Borunda J. (2023). Oxidative and Fibrinolytic Mechanisms: Two Important Processes to Consider in Platelet Storage. Turkish Journal of Hematology, 40(1), 43-49.

Publication 2023

Blood Platelets Buffers Centrifugation Citric Acid Glucose isolation Magnesium Chloride MM 36 Proteins Sodium Chloride

Periphyton Zinc Exposure Culturing and Fractionation

Cobble substrate covered with periphytic algae was collected from a reach of Clear Creek (Jefferson County, Colorado, USA) which has high levels of Zn contamination from historical mining activities. In order to produce non-contaminated cultures used as control and acute exposure groups, substrate was placed in 1 cm of water containing Guillard's growth medium (Guillard 1975 ) fortified with 1.36 mM silicon using dissolved sodium meta-silicate 9-hydrate in 11.2 cm × 6 cm polyvinyl chloride (PVC) troughs. Solutions were renewed daily. Pumps (Rio 600, Taam Inc., Camarillo, California, USA) provided a recirculating flow of 757 L/hr. Periphytic algae was cultured on 6.25 cm², unglazed porcelain tiles (Cinca Tile Co., Fiães, Portugal). Tiles were arranged close together in culture trays to limit algal growth to the top surface, thereby producing uniform mats. Cultures received 12 h cycles of wide spectrum (Ecolux Plant & Aquarium Wide Spectrum, F40PL/AQ-ECO, General Electric Inc., Boston MA, USA) light. Culture tanks were positioned under two rows of the paired T12 florescent bulbs such that each tile was 120 cm and 150 cm (± 15 cm) from each pair of lights. Zn-cultured periphyton tiles (i.e., chronic exposure group) were prepared as above but with zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄) added to growth media of Zn-contaminated cultures to a concentration of 1600 µg/L in order to produce concentrations similar to those found in a survey of Colorado mountain streams (Schmidt et al. 2011 ). Surface area of culture tanks was scrubbed weekly, and a subset (20%) of tiles were replaced with new acid washed tiles to ensure periphytic algae had ample surface area to colonize. All cultures were maintained for three weeks prior to use in any exposure testing or analysis. Throughout the growth period, one water sample was taken from control and Zn treated troughs once every four days to measure aqueous Zn. Periphyton communities were dominated by Scenedesmus spp. (personal communication, Sarah Spaulding, United States Geological Survey, Boulder, Colorado, USA).
Immediately following the three-week growth period, a subset of tiles cultured in Zn (n = 4) and non-contaminated cultures (n = 4) were processed for subcellular fractionation to assess chronic exposure to Zn as well as growth in control conditions. Using a flow-through system, a subset of non-contaminated cultures was then bathed in 1600 µg/L Zn for either 15 min, 24 h, or 48 h to reflect episodic exposure likely to occur downstream of metal-contaminated landscapes as well as approximate common techniques used when preparing contaminated algae used in dietary toxicity trials (Irving et al. 2003 (link); Conley et al. 2009 (link); Xie et al. 2010 (link)). The flow-through system consisted of an 850 mL, circular artificial stream (Brinkman and Johnston 2008 (link)). Aqueous Zn samples were collected from the artificial stream at 0 min, 15 min, 24 h, and 48 h to ensure stable Zn exposure. Following acute exposure, four tiles from each group were processed for subcellular fractionation. All preparation methods/exposure regimes are listed in Table 1.Table 1

Exposure regimes/preparation methods used

Method	Description
Control	Cultured in non-contaminated Guillard’s growth media
Zn-cultured	Cultured in Guillard’s growth media contaminated with 1600 µg/L
15 min bathed	Cultured in non-contaminated Guillard’s growth media then bathed in 1600 µg/L for 15 min
24 h bathed	Cultured in non-contaminated Guillard’s growth media then bathed in 1600 µg/L for 24 h
48 h bathed	Cultured in non-contaminated Guillard’s growth media then bathed in 1600 µg/L for 48 h

Cadmus P., Friebertshauser R.J., Rhein N., Brinkman S.F, & Clements W.H. (2023). Subcellular Accumulation and Depuration of Zinc in Periphytic Algae during Episodic and Continuous Exposures. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 84(2), 188-198.

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Publication 2023

Acids Chronic Infantile Neurological, Cutaneous, and Articular Syndrome Culture Media Dental Porcelain Diet Electricity Fractionation, Chemical Growth Disorders Light Metals MM 36 Periphyton Plant Bulb Plants Polyvinyl Chloride Scenedesmus Silicates Silicon Sodium Zinc Sulfate

Top products related to «MM 36»

Tim trio by Siemens

Sourced in Germany, United States, United Kingdom, China

The Tim Trio is a versatile laboratory equipment that serves as a temperature-controlled magnetic stirrer. It features three independent stirring positions, allowing simultaneous operation of multiple samples. The device maintains a consistent temperature range to ensure accurate and reliable results during experimental procedures.

Ta xt plus by Stable Micro Systems

Sourced in United Kingdom, United States, Italy, Thailand

The TA-XT Plus is a texture analyzer designed for objective measurement of textural properties of a wide range of materials. It is a versatile instrument that can perform various tests, including compression, tension, extrusion, and penetration, to evaluate the physical properties of samples. The TA-XT Plus is equipped with a sensitive load cell and a precision actuator, allowing it to accurately measure the force, distance, and time parameters of the tested samples.

Ta xt plus texture analyzer by Stable Micro Systems

Sourced in United Kingdom, United States

The TA.XT Plus Texture Analyzer is a laboratory instrument designed to measure the physical properties and characteristics of a wide range of materials. It is capable of performing various texture analysis tests, including compression, tension, extrusion, and other specialized analyses.

Vivact 40 by Scanco

Sourced in Switzerland, United States

The VivaCT 40 is a high-resolution micro-computed tomography (microCT) system designed for 3D imaging and analysis of small samples. It provides high-quality, non-destructive imaging capabilities for a variety of applications.

Tem ccd camera by Olympus

Sourced in Germany, France

The TEM CCD camera is a high-performance digital imaging device designed for use in transmission electron microscopes (TEMs). It captures images and diffraction patterns with high resolution and sensitivity, enabling detailed analysis of sample structures at the nanoscale.

Stereotaxic frame by Kopf Instruments

Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy

The Stereotaxic frame is a laboratory instrument used to immobilize and position the head of a subject, typically an animal, during surgical or experimental procedures. It provides a secure and reproducible method for aligning the subject's head in a three-dimensional coordinate system to enable precise targeting of specific brain regions.

Thiobarbituric acid by Merck Group

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Thiobarbituric acid is a chemical compound used in various laboratory applications. It is a white to pale yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in water and organic solvents. Thiobarbituric acid is commonly used as a reagent in analytical techniques to detect the presence of certain compounds, particularly those related to lipid peroxidation.

Matlab by MathWorks

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MATLAB is a high-performance programming language and numerical computing environment used for scientific and engineering calculations, data analysis, and visualization. It provides a comprehensive set of tools for solving complex mathematical and computational problems.

Magnetom tim trio by Siemens

Sourced in Germany, United States, United Kingdom

The Magnetom Tim Trio is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system developed by Siemens. It is designed to provide high-quality imaging for medical applications. The Magnetom Tim Trio utilizes advanced technology to capture detailed images of the human body.

Quantum gx micro ct by PerkinElmer

Sourced in United States

The Quantum GX Micro CT is a high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) system designed for imaging small samples. It provides 3D imaging capabilities for non-destructive analysis of the internal structure of a variety of materials and samples.

What is MM 36 and what is it used for?

MM 36 is a unique molecular marker, or biomarker, that is commonly used in scientific research across fields like genomics, proteomics, and biomarker discovery. It serves as an identifier for a specific biomolecule or genetic sequence that can be detected and quantified to provide insights into biological processes or disease states. Researchers leverage MM 36 to streamline their experimental protocols and ensure reliable, reproducible results in their work.

What are some common applications of MM 36?

MM 36 has a wide range of applications in scientific research. It is frequently used in gene expression studies to measure the levels of specific RNA transcripts. Researchers also employ MM 36 in protein quantification assays to accurately determine the abundance of target proteins. Additionally, MM 36 plays a crucial role in biomarker discovery, where it helps identify and validate molecular signatures associated with various disease conditions or physiological states.

Are there different types or variations of MM 36?

Yes, there are different types and variations of MM 36 that researchers may encounter. While the core functionality remains the same, specific MM 36 markers can be designed to target different biomolecules or genetic sequences, depending on the research objectives. Some common variations include MM 36 assays for RNA, DNA, and proteins, each with their own unique design and protocols. It's important to carefully select the appropriate MM 36 variation that aligns with your research needs.

How can PubCompare.ai help researchers optimize the use of MM 36?

PubCompare.ai is an AI-powered platform that can assist researchers in optimizing the use of MM 36 and other molecular markers. By efficiently screening protocol literature from peer-reviewed journals, preprints, and patents, PubCompare.ai can help you identify the most effective and reproducible protocols related to MM 36. The platform's AI-driven analysis can highlight key differences in protocol effectiveness, enabling you to choose the best option for your specific research goals and ensure reliable results. With PubCompare.ai, you can streamline your research process and confidently leverage MM 36 to advance your scientific discoveries.

What are some common challenges in using MM 36 effectively?

One of the key challenges in using MM 36 effectively is ensuring consistent and reliable results across different experiments and laboratories. Factors such as sample preparation, reagent quality, and protocol variations can all impact the performance of MM 36 assays. Researchers must also be mindful of potential interfernces or cross-reactivity that could skew the measurements. Careful optimization and validation of MM 36 protocols are crucial to mitigate these challenges and obtain accurate, reproducible data.

More about "MM 36"

MM 36 refers to a specific type of molecular marker used in scientific research.
It is a unique identifier for a particular biomolecule or genetic sequence that can be detected and quantified to provide insights into biological processes or disease states.
MM 36 is commonly employed in areas such as genomics, proteomics, and biomarker discovery to enable accurate and reproducible findings.
Researchers can utilize MM 36 to streamline their experimental protocols, ensuring reliable results and advancing scientific knowledge in their field of study.
Some key subtopics related to MM 36 include: - Genomics: MM 36 is used to identify and track specific genetic sequences, enabling researchers to study gene expression, genetic variations, and their impact on biological functions. - Proteomics: MM 36 can be used to detect and quantify specific proteins, allowing researchers to understand protein expression patterns, interactions, and their roles in various biological processes. - Biomarker Discovery: MM 36 is a valuable tool in the identification and validation of biomarkers, which are measurable indicators of biological, pathogenic, or therapeutic processes. - Experimental Protocols: Utilizing MM 36 can help streamline experimental protocols, ensuring reliable and reproducible results, which is crucial for advancing scientific knowledge.
Other related terms and technologies that may be relevant include: TA-XT Plus Texture Analyzer, VivaCT 40, TEM CCD camera, Stereotaxic frame, Thiobarbituric acid, MATLAB, and Magnetom Tim Trio.
The Quantum GX Micro CT is a specialized imaging technology that can be used in conjunction with MM 36 for advanced analysis.
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