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Nafion

Nafion is a sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer-copolymer, known for its exceptional ion-exchange and proton-conducting properties.
It is widely used in fuel cells, electrochemical devices, and water treatment applications.
Nafion's unique structure and performance characteristics make it a critical material for advancing sustainable energy technologies and environmental solutions.
Researchers can optimize Nafion using PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform that streamlines the discovery of optimal protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents.
By leveraging PubCompare.ai's powerful tools and expertise, scientists can identyfy the best Nafion formulations and manufacturing processes to drive their research forward.

Most cited protocols related to «Nafion»

Single-Molecule and Cluster Anion Studies

Cited 9 times

The present study was carried out at two different crossed electron-molecular/cluster beam setups. The single-molecule data was collected at the Wippi apparatus in Innsbruck, a detailed description can be found in ref. ^{37 (link)}. An oven serves as inlet for the NIMO sample. A capillary of 1 mm diameter is mounted onto it to guide the evaporated sample towards the interaction region. As ionisation source serves a hemispherical electron monochromator (HEM). It provides electrons with a narrow energy distribution (~100 meV) with Gaussian profile. The attachment processes take place in the region where molecular beam and electrons cross. Measurements at different electron energies are enabled by applying an appropriate acceleration potential in the HEM shortly before the interaction region. The negatively charged parent and fragment ions formed are subsequently extracted into a quadrupole mass analyser by a weak electrostatic field. The quadrupole has a nominal mass range of 2048 u and is utilised for mass selection. Thus, combining the HEM and the mass filter, the formation efficiency of selected fragments at varying energies can be studied. The ions are detected by a channel electron multiplier and counted by a preamplifier with analog-to-digital converter unit. The mass spectrometer is operated under high vacuum (~10⁻⁸ mbar background pressure).
For cluster experiments, the CLUster Beam (CLUB) apparatus in Prague was used, for a detailed review refer to ref. ^{38 (link)}. In the present study, the configuration of the experiment was identical to that one described in ref. ^{25 (link)}. For cluster production, helium or neon gas is humidified by a Pergo gas humidifier. A Nafion tubing gas line passes through a water bath and its membrane selectively permeate water vapour. The humidified gas is introduced into a heated oven filled with NIMO. At the opposite end a 90 μm conical nozzle is mounted. The mixture of humidified buffer gas and NIMO is co-expanded through the nozzle, which leads to the formation of NIMO(H₂O)_n clusters. The cluster beam is skimmed after a distance of ~2.5 cm and crossed by an electron beam in the interaction region ~1.5 m downstream. The electron energy can be varied by an accelerating potential. The created anions are extracted by a 2 μs long high-voltage pulse into a reflectron time-of-flight (RTOF) mass analyser with a mass resolution of ~5 × 10³. A delay of 0.5 μs between electron pulse and ion extraction excludes any effects caused by those. With each extraction pulse, all anions are analysed, detected by a multichannel plate and recorded as mass spectrum.

Meißner R., Kočišek J., Feketeová L., Fedor J., Fárník M., Limão-Vieira P., Illenberger E, & Denifl S. (2019). Low-energy electrons transform the nimorazole molecule into a radiosensitiser. Nature Communications, 10, 2388.

Publication 2019

Acceleration Anions Bath Buffers Capillaries Debility Electrons Electrostatics Helium Mass Spectrometry Nafion Neon Nimodipine Parent Pressure Pulse Rate Tissue, Membrane Vacuum Water Vapor

Electrochemical Deposition of PEDOT:Nafion Coatings

Cited 9 times

Electrodes were pre-tested prior to coating deposition in an artificial cerebrospinal fluid solution (aCSF) (15 mM Tris HCl, 126 mM NaCl, 2.5 mM KCl, 20 mM Na₂CO₃, 1.2 mM NaH₂PO₄, 2.0 mM Na₂SO₄, 2.4 mM CaCl₂, 1.2 mM MgCl₂ pH = 7.40). Prior to CaCl₂ and MgCl₂ addition, the pH of the aCSF was adjusted to 7.40 using 0.1 N NaOH or a 0.1 N HCl solution. Electrodes were submerged in buffer and a triangle waveform from − 0.4 V to + 1.3 V was applied at 400 V/s for 1 minute; electrodes without a stable background were discarded. PEDOT:Nafion deposition solutions consisted of 100–200 µL of a stock solution of 0.04 M EDOT (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) in acetonitrile (prepared by the addition of 43 µL EDOT to 10 mL acetonitrile) and 200 µL of LQ-1105 Nafion (Ion Power Inc., DE, USA) in 20 mL acetonitrile (HPLC grade, EMD Chemicals Inc., Darmstadt, Germany). The final deposition solutions prepared from the stock solution contained either 200 µM EDOT (low-density PEDOT:Nafion coating) or 400 µM EDOT (high-density PEDOT:Nafion coating). Prior to electrodeposition, deposition solutions were mixed for 1 minute and used within 12 hours. Dopamine, ascorbic acid, DOPAC, bovine serum albumin, and all other chemicals, unless otherwise specified, were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Neurotransmitter measurements were performed in aCSF buffer solution.

Vreeland R.F., Atcherley C.W., Russell W.S., Xie J.Y., Lu D., Laude N.D., Porreca F, & Heien M.L. (2015). Thin biocompatible PEDOT:Nafion composite electrode coatings for selective detection of neurotransmitters. Analytical chemistry, 87(5), 2600-2607.

Publication 2015

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid acetonitrile Ascorbic Acid Buffers Cerebrospinal Fluid Dopamine Electroplating High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies M-200 Magnesium Chloride Nafion Neurotransmitters Serum Albumin, Bovine Sodium Chloride Tromethamine

Portable Metabolic System for Respiratory Measurements

Cited 9 times

The MM3B is a portable metabolic system composed of a measurement module and a battery module. These two parts are of the same size (120 × 110 × 45 mm) and designed to be worn on the chest with a harness, with a total weight of 1.40 kg. The MM3B measures volume using a bidirectional digital turbine. A 60 cm length of Nafion/Permapure sampling tube is attached to the turbine to permit analysis of the O₂ and CO₂ concentrations using an electrochemical cell and an infrared analyzer, respectively. VO₂ and VCO₂ were calculated using standard metabolic algorithms (Wasserman et al. 1999 ) employing the Haldane transformation, but with F_IO₂ and F_ICO₂ continuously measured, rather than assumed to be constant, in order to correct for changes in ambient conditions. The breath-by-breath data of respiratory volume and gas concentrations can be stored in on-board memory for later downloading to a PC, or sent immediately via telemetry to a PC. The system was tested using Metasoft 3 software, version 3.7.0 SR2.
Prior to using, the system was turned on for at least 20 min, and then calibrated prior to every test according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. This involves first calibrating the gas analysers by using a reference gas (14.97% O₂, 4.96% CO₂, balance N₂: ±0.02% absolute, Hong Kong Specialty Gases), and then verifying the calibration against ambient air. Secondly, a volume calibration was performed using a standardized 3-L syringe (5530 series, Hans Rudolph, Inc., MO, USA). For avoiding potential gas leakages known to be problematic with facemasks, all participants wore a nose clip and had a mouthpiece attached to the MM3B turbine.

Macfarlane D.J, & Wong P. (2011). Validity, reliability and stability of the portable Cortex Metamax 3B gas analysis system. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 112(7), 2539-2547.

Publication 2011

Cells Chest Clip Fingers Lung Volume Measurements Memory Nafion Nose Syringes Telemetry

Nafion Coating of Microelectrodes

Cited 9 times

The exposed length of carbon fiber from the glass tip of the microelectrode was soaked for 30 minutes in isopropyl alcohol (IPA) to clean the surface.32 The procedure for electrodeposition of Nafion® was modified from work by Rice et al. 26 (link) The tip of microelectrode was lowered in Nafion® solution (5 wt% 1100 EW NAFION ® in methanol, ION POWER, DE) and a constant potential of + 1.0 V vs. Ag/Ag Cl was applied to the microelectrode surface for 30 seconds. The microelectrode was dried in air for 10 seconds and then at 70° C for 10 minutes. The microelectrodes were stored dry prior to use.

Hashemi P., Dankoski E.C., Petrovic J., Keithley R.B, & Wightman R.M. (2009). Voltammetric Detection of 5-Hydroxytryptamine Release in the Rat Brain. Analytical chemistry, 81(22), 9462-9471.

Publication 2009

Carbon Fiber Electroplating Isopropyl Alcohol Methanol Microelectrodes Nafion Neoplasm Metastasis Oryza sativa

Rotating Ring-Disk Electrode for Catalyst Evaluation

Cited 6 times

Measurements were conducted with a Rotating Ring Disk Electrode (Pine Instruments, model AFE6R1AU, with a mirror polished glassy carbon disk and rotator model AFMSRCE), the catalyst was deposited on the glassy carbon disk as per literature procedure26 . The ink utilized consisted of 1 wt% catalyst in a 1:1 volume ratio mixture of IPA (VWR):H₂O (MilliQ 18.2 MΩ cm) with a Nafion to catalyst weight ratio of 1:1. This composition was found to give a uniform catalyst layer. A loading of 0.27 mg cm⁻² was chosen as loading in all experiments, as it was found to give a good catalyst layer. Furthermore, it was a compromise between a relatively thin layer and a sufficient activity, to ensure adequate signal to noise ratio. A custom made three compartment electrochemical glass cell was used. The reference electrode was ionically connected to the main compartment of the electrochemical glass cell via a Luggin–Haber–Capillary. For measurements in 0.5 M H₂SO₄, a RHE (GaskatelHydroFlex) was used. For measurements in the higher pH electrolytes a saturated calomel electrode (VWR) was used and the potentials with respect to the RHE scale were determined by measuring the change from hydrogen evolution to hydrogen oxidation in the respective H₂-saturated electrolyte on a platinized platinum wire. A glassy carbon rod was used as counter electrode and ionically connected to the main compartment of the glass cell through a porous frit. Glassy carbon was used instead of Pt to avoid contamination with catalytically active precious metals. A potentiostat (Autolab, PGSTAT20) was used for potential or current control during the electrochemical measurements. Ultrapure gases, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen (BIP plus-X47S, Air products) were used. Electrolytes were prepared in ultrapure water (MilliQ 18.2 MΩ cm). 0.5 M H₂SO₄ from 95% sulfuric acid (Aristar, VWR), 0.5 M phosphate buffer pH 2 from phosphoric acid (AnalR Normapur, VWR) and NaH₂PO₄ (AnalR Normapur, VWR), 0.5 M acetate buffer pH 5.2 from sodium acetate (99%, Sigma-Aldrich) and glacial acetic acid (AnalR Normapur, VWR), 0.5 M phosphate buffer pH7 from NaH₂PO₄ (AnalR Normapur, VWR) and Na₂HPO₄ (AnalR Normapur, VWR) and 0.5 M borate buffer from boric acid (ACS reagent, 99.5%, Sigma-Aldrich) and NaOH (AnalR Normapur, VWR). The pH was adjusted with 0.5 M NaOH and confirmed with a ROSS Ultra Glass pH Electrode (Orion 8102BNUWP). The normalized current density was corrected to account for the different solubility and diffusivity of oxygen in the different electrolytes. We used the current at 0.1 V to determine a ‘normalized' current to which all the currents were ratioed. Therefore the normalized current density was obtained by: , where i is the geometric current density and i_norm the normalized current density. The kinetic current density was estimated as follows; , where i_lim was taken as the current density achieved @0.1 V versus RHE. The error introduced due to the deviation from the theoretical limiting current in the respective electrolyte, which was caused by insufficient activity of the catalyst at this loading, was found to be small (<1.5%) at the potential of interest (0.8 V versus RHE). It was found necessary that a cleaning protocol was performed before the stripping experiments to achieve a stable baseline, full details are provided in Supplementary Methods 2. The procedure consisted of extensive cycling, alternating between N₂-saturated electrolyte at 100 mV s⁻¹ (20 cycles) and 10 mV s⁻¹ (10 cycles) and O₂-saturated electrolyte at 5 mV s⁻¹ (6 cycles), in the potential window 1.05 to −0.4 V versus RHE. This was repeated until stable non changing oxygen reduction performance and cyclic voltammograms under nitrogen were achieved (3–4 times). Where iR-free potentials (E_iR-free) are reported the potential (E) was corrected to be E_iR-free=E−I × R, where I is the measured current and R the solution and lead resistance, as determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (FRA module, Autolab, PGSTAT20) as described in literature34 .

Malko D., Kucernak A, & Lopes T. (2016). In situ electrochemical quantification of active sites in Fe–N/C non-precious metal catalysts. Nature Communications, 7, 13285.

Publication 2016

Acetate Acetic Acid Biological Evolution Borates boric acid Buffers calomel Capillaries Carbon Cells Dielectric Spectroscopy Diffusion Electrolytes Gases Hydrogen Hypoxia Kinetics Metals Nafion Nitrogen Nitrogen Cycle Phosphates Phosphoric Acids Pinus Platinum Sodium Acetate sodium polymetaphosphate sulfuric acid

Most recents protocols related to «Nafion»

Fabrication of WS2-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes

Bare GCE was polished and cleaned with 0.3 and 0.05 μm alumina
slurries before the actual modification process. Afterward, the electrodes
were ultrasonicated in IPA and D-D water to remove the alumina residues.
Further, the cleaned electrodes were dried in a hot air oven. A 1
mg portion of an as-prepared powder sample of WS₂ was ultrasonicated
in 1 mL of a Nafion–ethanol mixture in a ratio of 1:1 for 30
min. A 10 μL portion of the dispersion was drop-casted on the
polished and cleaned surface of a GCE and was dried in a vacuum oven
at room temperature. A schematic representation of the preparation
and fabrication of WS₂-modified glassy-carbon electrodes
is illustrated in Figure 1.

Haritha V.S., Sarath Kumar S.R, & Rakhi R.B. (2023). WS2-Nanosheet-Modified Electrodes as an Efficient Electrochemical Sensing Platform for the Nonenzymatic Detection of the Insecticide Imidacloprid. ACS Omega, 8(9), 8695-8702.

Publication 2023

Carbon Ethanol Nafion Oxide, Aluminum Powder sodium polymetaphosphate Vacuum

Electrochemical Ammonia Production from Nitrate Reduction

All electrochemical experiments
were conducted at room temperature using a BioLogic electrochemical
workstation. For the NiRR to ammonia tests, a three-electrode H-cell
was used. A Nafion-117 cation exchange membrane divided the cathode
and anode. A gas absorption liquid chamber was connected to the cathode
compartment. A flow of N₂ was passed through the cathode
chamber (but not through the catholyte) dragging gaseous products,
and a solution of 1 mM H₂SO₄ was used to capture
the ammonia in the headspace of the chamber. For the calculations,
the total produced ammonia was the addition of the ammonia present
in the electrolyte and that in the acidic trap. Figure S1 represents the electrochemical setup.
The
prepared Cu₂O-Cu deposited on Ti and Gr Foils (1 ×
1 cm² × 2 geometric areas in all cases) was used as
working electrodes, Ag/AgCl_3.5M KCl as the reference
electrode, and a Pt mesh served as the counter electrode. All potentials
in chronoamperometry tests in this study are reported in V vs reversible
hydrogen electrolyte (RHE), and the potential interconversion between
electrodes is defined by E_RHE = E_{Ag/AgCl 3.5M KCl} + 0.205 V + 0.059·pH.
For NiRR studies, two electrolyte conditions were prepared with two
extreme pH values. For acidic conditions, the electrolyte was 0.3
M KNO₃ + 0.1 M HNO₃ (final [NO₃^–] of 0.4 M and pH 1). While for the alkaline conditions,
a solution consisting of 0.1–0.4 M KNO₃ and 1 M
KOH was prepared, with a final pH of 14. The electrolyte for the electrochemical
rate constant determination with the rotating disk electrode (RDE)
consisted of 0.01 M KNO₃ + 1 M KOH. The double layer capacitances
were determined for Ti and Cu₂O–Cu/Ti electrodes
using a 0.1 M K₂SO₄ electrolyte. Before the
experiments, N₂ was bubbled through the electrolyte solution
for 15 min to remove all the dissolved gases.
For the NiRR to
NH₃ study, linear sweep voltammetry
(LSV) was applied to all electrolyte conditions and all prepared electrodes
in the potential window of 0 to −1 V vs RHE with a scan rate
of 10 mV·s^–1. Likewise, chronoamperometry tests
were conducted with all prepared electrodes. The acidic electrolyte
conditions were applied only for pure Ti electrodes due the low stability
of Cu-based nanoparticles under those conditions. Faradaic efficiency
(FE_i toward NH₃, NO₂^–, and H₂), selectivity (SE_i toward NH₃, and NO₂^–), and productivity (NH₃ yield) were evaluated by chronoamperometries at −0.3,
−0.4, −0.5, −0.6, −0.7, and −0.8
V vs RHE working potentials. These efficiency parameters were calculated
as defined below: C_i (M) is the obtained molar concentration of a target product; V (L) is the volume of electrolyte in the cathode chamber; M (g·mol⁻¹) is the molar mass of
the target product; A (cm²) is the geometric
surface area of the electrode; α is the number of transferred
electrons for producing a target product; F is the
Faraday constant, Q is the total charge transferred
to the system; C_NH₃ (M) is the measured NH₃ concentration for the reaction; t (h) represents the duration of chronoamperometry tests;
and and C_NO₃^– (M) represent the initial and final concentration of nitrates in
the electrolyte.

Chavez M.E., Biset-Peiró M., Murcia-López S, & Morante J.R. (2023). Cu2O–Cu@Titanium Surface with Synergistic Performance for Nitrate-to-Ammonia Electrochemical Reduction. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 11(9), 3633-3643.

Publication 2023

Acids Ammonia Biopharmaceuticals Electrolytes Gases Genetic Selection Molar Nafion Nitrates Radionuclide Imaging Tissue, Membrane

Photocatalyst Characterization by EIS and Transient Photocurrent

Electrochemical measurements, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and transient photocurrent response were operated using a conventional three-electrode system. An Ag/AgCl electrode, platinum plate, and Na₂SO₄ solution (0.5 M) were used as the counter electrode, reference electrode, and electrolyte, respectively. To fabricate the working electrode, 5 mg of the photocatalyst was added to 500 μL ethanol and 10 μL Nafion (Sigma Aldrich, 5 wt.%) solution and sonicated for at least 30 min to form a homogeneous slurry. Then, the slurry was uniformly coated on the conductive surface of clean fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass pieces (1 cm × 1 cm) and allowed to dry naturally. EIS measurements were recorded in the dark circumstance over the frequency range of 1–100 mHz with an alternating voltage of 10 mV, while a 300 W Xe lamp was used as the light source in the photocurrent measurements.

Arjomandi-Behzad L., Alinejad Z., Zandragh M.R., Golmohamadi A, & Vojoudi H. (2023). Facile synthesis of hollow spherical g-C3N4@LDH/NCQDs ternary nanostructure for multifunctional antibacterial and photodegradation activities. iScience, 26(3), 106213.

Publication 2023

Dielectric Spectroscopy Electric Conductivity Electrolytes Ethanol Fluorine Light Nafion Platinum stannic oxide Transients

Preparation and Deposition of Monometallic and Bimetallic Catalysts

Monometallic (7
mg) or bimetallic (14 mg) catalysts were dispersed in DI water (1
mL) and Nafion solution (0.1 mL) to form an ink. The resulting ink
was sonicated for 150 s to ensure uniformity. The ink (0.02 mL) was
subsequently deposited on polished and acid-cleaned glassy-carbon
electrode with a working area of 0.07065 cm². The electrode
was left to dry at room temperature for 16 h.

Zhao L., Akdim O., Huang X., Wang K., Douthwaite M., Pattisson S., Lewis R.J., Lin R., Yao B., Morgan D.J., Shaw G., He Q., Bethell D., McIntosh S., Kiely C.J, & Hutchings G.J. (2023). Insights into the Effect of Metal Ratio on Cooperative Redox Enhancement Effects over Au- and Pd-Mediated Alcohol Oxidation. ACS Catalysis, 13(5), 2892-2903.

Publication 2023

Acids Nafion sodium polymetaphosphate

Synthesis and Characterization of Metallic Nanoparticles

Chloroauric acid (Strem
Chemicals, 99.8%); palladium chloride (Sigma-Aldrich, >99.9%);
poly(vinyl
alcohol) (Sigma-Aldrich, M_w 9000–10,000,
80% hydrolyzed); sodium borohydride (Sigma-Aldrich, 99.99%); 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic
acid (Carbosynth, >97.0%); distilled water millipore (18.2 MΩ·cm
at 25 °C); 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (Sigma-Aldrich, >99.0%);
5-formyl-2-furancarboxylic
acid (Fluorochem); 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, 97%);
molecular O₂ (BOC, >99.95%); Nafion (Sigma-Aldrich,
5 wt
% in lower aliphatic alcohols and water, contains 15–20% water);
sodium hydrogen carbonate (Fisher Scientific, >99.5%); sodium hydroxide
(Fisher Scientific); Carbon Vulcan XC-72R (Cabot Corporation); ABTS
(2,2′-azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]-diammonium
salt) (Sigma-Aldrich, ≥98%); horseradish peroxidase (Sigma-Aldrich,
141.9 U/mg solid); hydrogen peroxide (Fisher Scientific, 30 wt %).

Publication 2023

2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid 5-hydroxymethylfurfural Acids Alcohols Bicarbonate, Sodium Carbon gold tetrachloride, acid Horseradish Peroxidase Nafion palladium chloride Peroxide, Hydrogen Poly A sodium borohydride Sodium Hydroxide Sulfonic Acids

Top products related to «Nafion»

Nafion by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, China, Japan, Ireland, Macao

Nafion is a polymeric material developed by Merck Group. It is a perfluorinated sulfonic acid ionomer that functions as an ion-exchange membrane. The core purpose of Nafion is to facilitate the transport of ions while maintaining a barrier to other substances.

Nafion solution by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, China, Germany

Nafion solution is a clear, colorless, and highly conductive liquid. It is a perfluorinated ion-exchange polymer solution primarily composed of a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and a perfluorinated vinyl ether containing sulfonic acid groups. The core function of Nafion solution is to provide a highly proton-conductive medium for various electrochemical applications.

Nafion perfluorinated resin solution by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Japan, United Kingdom

Nafion perfluorinated resin solution is a laboratory product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a clear, colorless liquid that contains a perfluorinated polymer. The core function of this solution is to serve as a raw material for various applications that require a durable and chemically resistant material.

Nafion solution by DuPont

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, China

Nafion solution is a versatile liquid polymer that is primarily used as a proton exchange membrane in various electrochemical applications. It is a highly acidic and conductive material, making it suitable for use in fuel cells, electrolyzers, and other electrochemical devices. The solution form of Nafion allows for easy handling and incorporation into various systems.

Nafion 117 solution by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Nafion 117 solution is a fluoropolymer-based liquid product manufactured by Merck Group. It is primarily used as a proton exchange membrane in various electrochemical applications. The solution provides a consistent and reliable platform for researchers and developers to integrate into their specialized equipment and processes.

Sodium hydroxide (naoh) by Merck Group

Sourced in Germany, United States, India, United Kingdom, Italy, China, Spain, France, Australia, Canada, Poland, Switzerland, Singapore, Belgium, Sao Tome and Principe, Ireland, Sweden, Brazil, Israel, Mexico, Macao, Chile, Japan, Hungary, Malaysia, Denmark, Portugal, Indonesia, Netherlands, Czechia, Finland, Austria, Romania, Pakistan, Cameroon, Egypt, Greece, Bulgaria, Norway, Colombia, New Zealand, Lithuania

Sodium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white, odorless, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and is a strong base. It is commonly used in various laboratory applications as a reagent.

Ethanol by Merck Group

Sourced in Germany, United States, United Kingdom, Italy, India, France, China, Australia, Spain, Canada, Switzerland, Japan, Brazil, Poland, Sao Tome and Principe, Singapore, Chile, Malaysia, Belgium, Macao, Mexico, Ireland, Sweden, Indonesia, Pakistan, Romania, Czechia, Denmark, Hungary, Egypt, Israel, Portugal, Taiwan, Province of China, Austria, Thailand

Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid chemical compound commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a key component in various scientific applications, serving as a solvent, disinfectant, and fuel source. Ethanol has a molecular formula of C2H6O and a range of industrial and research uses.

Nafion by DuPont

Sourced in United States, China

Nafion is a fluoropolymer material developed by DuPont. It is a proton exchange membrane that conducts positive hydrogen ions while blocking the passage of electrons and other smaller ions. Nafion is known for its high ionic conductivity, chemical stability, and mechanical strength.

Nafion 117 by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Nafion 117 is a perfluorinated ionomer membrane produced by Merck Group. It is a thin, transparent, and chemically resistant material primarily used in various electrochemical applications. Nafion 117 serves as a proton-conducting electrolyte, facilitating the transfer of protons between electrodes.

Potassium hydroxide by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, India, Spain, Singapore, Italy, Canada, China, Australia, Poland, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, Brazil, Belgium, Switzerland, Denmark, France

Potassium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula KOH. It is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and a strong base. Potassium hydroxide is commonly used as a laboratory reagent and in various industrial applications.

What is Nafion and what are its key properties?

Nafion is a sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer-copolymer known for its exceptional ion-exchange and proton-conducting properties. It has a unique structure that makes it a critical material for advancing sustainable energy technologies and environmental solutions. Nafion is widely used in fuel cells, electrochemical devices, and water treatment applications due to its exceptional performance characteristics.

What are some common applications of Nafion?

Nafion is used in a variety of applications, including fuel cells, electrochemical devices, and water treatment systems. Its ion-exchange and proton-conducting properties make it particularly well-suited for use in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, where it plays a crucial role in facilitating efficient energy conversion. Nafion is also used in electrochemical applications such as chlor-alkali production and water electrolysis, as well as in water purification and desalination processes.

How can researchers optimize the use of Nafion for their specific needs?

Researchers can optimize Nafion using PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platfrom that streamlines the discovery of optimal protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents. By leveraging PubCompare.ai's powerful tools and expertise, scientists can identify the best Nafion formulations and manufacturing processes to drive their research forward. The platfrom allows researchers to screen protocol literature more efficiently and leverage AI to pinpoint critical insights, helping them choose the most effective Nafion-related protocols for their specific research goals.

What are some of the key challenges in working with Nafion, and how can PubCompare.ai help address them?

One of the main challenges in working with Nafion is identifying the optimal protocols and formulations for a given application. With the vast amount of literature, pre-prints, and patents available, it can be time-consuming and difficult to sift through all the information and determine the most effective approach. This is where PubCompare.ai can be invaluable. The platform's AI-driven analysis can highlight key differences in protocol effectiveness, enabling researchers to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuracy. By streamlining the discovery of optimal Nafion protocols, PubCompare.ai helps researchers overcome this common challenge and accelerate their progress.

Are there different types or variations of Nafion, and how do they differ in their properties and applications?

Yes, there are several different types and variations of Nafion, each with its own unique properties and applications. For example, Nafion membranes come in different thicknesses and equivalent weights, which can affect factors like ionic conductivity, mechanical strength, and water uptake. There are also Nafion-based composites that incorporate additional materials to enhance specific performance characteristics, such as improved thermal stability or reduced methanol crossover. Researchers can use PubCompare.ai to explore the nuances of these different Nafion formulations and identify the optimal one for their particular needs.

More about "Nafion"

Nafion is a remarkable sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer-copolymer known for its exceptional ion-exchange and proton-conducting properties.
This versatile material is widely utilized in fuel cells, electrochemical devices, and water treatment applications, making it a critical component in advancing sustainable energy technologies and environmental solutions.
Researchers can optimize Nafion performance by leveraging the powerful tools and expertise of PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform that streamlines the discovery of optimal protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents.
By using PubCompare.ai, scientists can identify the best Nafion formulations and manufacturing processes, whether they're working with Nafion solution, Nafion perfluorinated resin solution, or Nafion 117 solution.
To further enhance Nafion's capabilities, researchers may also explore the use of Sodium hydroxide, Ethanol, or Potassium hydroxide, which can be used in conjunction with Nafion 117 to develop advanced materials and applications.
With the insights gained from PubCompare.ai, scientists can confidently optimize Nafion and drive their research forward, unlocking new possibilities in sustainable energy and environmental technologies.