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Naringin

Naringin is a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits, particularly grapefruit.
It has been studied for its potential health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic effects.
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Most cited protocols related to «Naringin»

Oral bioavailability (OB) prescreening, which indicates the fraction of the oral dose of drug that reaches the bloodstream, is one of the important stages of drug discovery and development. In this work, the OB values were calculated by a robust in silico model OBioavail 1.131 (link)32 (link). In addition, drug-likeness is a qualitative concept used in drug screening for evaluating the structural similarity between the compounds and the drugs in the DrugBank database, which is estimated at the early stage of drug discovery11 (link). The drug-likeness prediction method was shown as follows:

where a represents the herbal ingredients, and b represents the average molecular drug-likeness index of all drugs in the DrugBank database. Finally, OB ≥ 30% and drug-likeness index ≥0.18 were set as the threshold to select candidate compounds. Additionally, several compounds, such as icariside I, bergenin, tangeretin, naringin, hesperidin, paeonioflorin, and paeonolide initially were omitted according to these screening rules; however, these compounds were supported by experimental evidence and, therefore, also were obtained as candidate compounds for further analysis13 (link)33 (link)34 35 (link)36 (link)37 (link)38 (link).
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Publication 2015
bergenin Blood Circulation Hesperidin icariside I naringin Pharmaceutical Preparations tangeretin
While it is difficult to separate naringin and hesperidin, honokiol and magnolol, aloe emodin, rhein, emodin and chrysophanol as they are structurally similar, separation was improved when 0.2% (1:500, v/v) aqueous acetic acid was added to the sample solution. A mixture of water and methanol was chosen for the separation as all eight markers dissolve in both water and methanol. The ratio 38:62 (v/v) of methanol and water was optimal for the separation of hesperidin and naringin, and 65:35 (v/v) for the separation of the other six markers, hence the above mentioned gradient elution program. The HPLC column of C18 (150 × 4.6 mm) was chosen to ensure the run time to be within 60 min.
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Publication 2008
Acetic Acid aloe emodin chrysophanic acid Emodin Hesperidin High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies honokiol magnolol Methanol naringin rhein
Qualitative and quantitative analyses of caffeic acid, vanillic acid, naringin, syringic acid, and ferulic acid, ellagic acid, myricetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, rutin, fumaric and gallic acid component in nettle samples were done by HPLC. HPLC analysis was done by using graded elution program. The elution program could be summarized as follows, 0–11 min, 100% A, 30–40 min, 35% A, and 65% B, and 42 min 100% A. A and B solvents were used as elution solvent. Solvent A consists of 2% acetic acid, 10% methanol, and 88% pure water, and B consists of 2% acetic acid, 90% methanol, and 8% pure water. The flow rate was 1 mL/min, temperature was 40°C, and the injection volume was 20 μL. On the other hand, according to maximum absorbance of standards, analysis was done at 254, 270, 280, and 370 nm wavelength. Some chromatogram samples are given at Figure 1. The standards chromatogram is given at Figure 2.
In HPLC analysis of nettle samples, the methanolic extracts were used. Samples and standards were filtered from 0,45 μm Agilent micro filter, then were put into vials, and finally they were given to HPLC.
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Publication 2012
3-methylquercetin Acetic Acid caffeic acid Catechin Chlorogenic Acid Ellagic Acid ferrous fumarate ferulic acid Gallic Acid High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies kaempferol Methanol myricetin naringin Rutin Solvents syringic acid trans-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid Urtica dioica Vanillic Acid

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Publication 2015
2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) Acids Antioxidants Buffers caffeic acid Captopril Catalase Coumaric Acids Egtazic Acid Ellagic Acid ferulic acid Gallic Acid Genistein genkwanin Glycation Metal Chelating Agents naringin Nitrilotriacetic Acid nitroxyl Oxidants Pentetic Acid Peroxide, Hydrogen Pharmaceutical Preservatives Polyphenols Propyl Gallate Quercetin Rutin Sodium Azide sodium phosphate Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Superoxide Dismutase Tiron trans-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid Trolox C

P. aeruginosa PAO1 was grown overnight in LB medium at 37°C with agitation. After growth, the culture of P. aeruginosa PAO1 was diluted with Biofilm Broth (BB) medium as described by Khalilzadeh et al. [44 (link)] and 25 μl of the diluted culture was added to 470 μl of BB medium (initial A600nm of culture comprised between 0.14 and 0.16) supplemented with 5 μl of DMSO (1%, v/v) or OALC (200 μM) or naringenin (4mM) or naringin (4mM). Planktonic bacteria were transferred in sterile tube and assessed for cell counting (colony-forming units, C.F.U). Adherent biofilms were washed three times with water (2mL) and fixed with 2 mL of methanol (99%). After 15 min, the methanol was discarded, and the plates were dried at room temperature. Crystal violet (0.1% in water) was then added to each well (2 mL/well), and the plates were incubated for 30 min at room temperature. Crystal violet was then discarded, and stained biofilms were washed three times with 1 mL of water. Acetic acid (33% in water) was added to the stained biofilms (2 mL) in order to solubilize the crystal violet, and the absorbance of the solution was measured at 590 nm with a SpectraMax M2 device (Molecular Devices).
The biofilm formation by PAO1 cells was also examined in glass coverslips cultures by fluorescence microscopy. Two distinct assays were adopted in order to assess the effects of compounds in biofilm development and in one-day-old biofilm. In both cases, the bactericidal activities of tobramycin in one-day-old biofilm-encapsulated PAO1 cells was also assessed. Tobramycin was chosen because it has been shown that QS inhibition greatly enhances the sensitivity of P. aeruginosa to this antibiotic and increases clearance of P. aeruginosa in a foreign-body infection model [28 (link), 45 (link)]. First assay follows the same culture conditions as described above. After 24 h incubation, tobramycin (100 μg mL-1) was added to 1-day-old treated biofilms. The biofilm development and bacterial viability in biofilms were assessed using the LIVE/DEAD baclight bacterial viability kit (Invitrogen, Molecular probes). The growth medium was removed and replaced by 500 mL of a solution of SYTO 9 and propidium iodide diluted 400 fold in BB medium. Biofilms were incubated for 15 min and PAO1 cells were examined using a Leica DM IRE2 inverted fluorescence microscope coupled to a CCD camera (Leica DC350 FX) and equipped with FITC and Texas red filters. To estimate the % viability of biofilm-encapsulated bacteria for each treatment, the glass coverslip was submerged in 2 mL of PBS solution and sonicated (WVR Ultrasonic cleaner, HF45KHz, 80W) for 1 min in order to unbind the biofilm. The collected biofilm suspension was then assessed for viability using LIVE/DEAD baclight bacterial viability kit (Invitrogen, Molecular probes) following fluorescence microplate reader protocols as described by the manufacturer. The integrated intensities of the green (530 nm) and red (630 nm) emission of suspensions excited at 485 nm were acquired using SpectraMax M2 device, and the green/red fluorescence ratios (Ratio G/R) were calculated and reported to the linear curve obtained from the relationship between % live bacteria and Ratio G/R of biofilm-encapsulated PAO1 cells grown without tobramycin.
For the second assay, PAO1 cells were grown statically in BB medium for 24 hours at 37°C in 24-well polystyrene plates to form biofilm. Tested molecules as described above and/or tobramycin (100 μg mL-1) were added and incubated for a further 24 hours and the biofilm development and bacterial viability in biofilms were assessed as described for the first assay.
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Publication 2015
Acetic Acid Antibiotics Bacteria Bacterial Viability Biofilms Biological Assay Cells Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescence Foreign Bodies Gastrin-Secreting Cells Hypersensitivity Infection Medical Devices Methanol Microscopy, Fluorescence Molecular Probes naringenin naringin Plankton Polystyrenes Propidium Iodide Pseudomonas aeruginosa Psychological Inhibition Sterility, Reproductive Sulfoxide, Dimethyl SYTO 9 Tobramycin Ultrasonics Violet, Gentian

Most recents protocols related to «Naringin»

THP-1 and RAW264.7 macrophages were incubated with different stimuli (Control group: culture medium; ox-LDL group: 50 μg/mL ox-LDL; Naringin groups: 50 μg/mL ox-LDL+ 32 µg/mL naringin) for 48 h at 37 °C to study the effects of naringin on the cholesterol levels in macrophages. Free and total cholesterol levels in macrophages were measured according to the free and total cholesterol content assay kit instructions and we calculated the ratio of cholesterol ester to total cholesterol (CE/TC). The working solutions were added to the cell extracts and then allowed to stand for 15 min at 37 °C. The absorbance at 500 nm was measured after completion of the reaction.
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Publication 2024

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Publication 2024

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Publication 2024
The DPPH
assay was carried out to investigate the suppression of free radical
properties of NAR–CM–CS/SA–NPs and NAR–suspension
as per modified procedure by Gabriele et al.62 (link) For the preparation of stock solution, 10 mg of NAR–CM–CS/SA–NPs,
CIP + NAR–CM–CS/SA–NPs, and NAR–suspension
was transferred into a volumetric flask, leveled stock solution formulation,
and drug suspension. Dilutions of each stock solution were prepared
ranging from 10 to 640 μM. The DPPH reagent of 0.03% w/v was
prepared in ethanol and 100 μL was mixed with 1 mL of sample
in the specified range. The mixer was vortexed and this complete set
of samples was kept in a dark place at ambient temperature for 1 h.
Thereafter, the complete samples were examined for color change owing
to the reaction between the DPPH reagent and sample, i.e., violet
to colorless. The maximum change in violet color to colorless suggests
the better antioxidant capacity of the sample. Ethanol was used as
a blank. Now, the complete samples were estimated by UV–visible
spectroscopy at a specific wavelength of 517 nm using butylated hydroxytoluene
(BHT) as the reference standard for comparing the antioxidant capacity.
The antioxidant capacity of Naringin as percentage inhibition was
plotted versus concentration. The IC50 was determined by data interpolation
and compared with standard. The antioxidant capacity was determined
using a formula. where A0 is blank sample absorbance; A sample
absorbance.
Publication 2024
This study was conducted on one candidate biomarker (naringin) identified in Seville oranges (the tolerant cultivar). A 20 000 mg/L stock solution of naringin was prepared and the in vitro exposure to 1 000, 3 000, 4 000, 5 000, 7 500 and 10 000 mg/L concentrations of naringin was used to evaluate the antifungal properties of the candidate biomarker. In addition, three fungicides, Demildex, MHTCO3 and cuprous oxide, were tested at 2000 mg/L, 10 000 mg/L and 18 000 mg/L respectively and served as positive controls while water was used as negative control. The CSA media and inoculation were performed as mentioned in Sect. 3.9.1. For each compound, 10 replicates of each concentration tested were prepared. After 14 days of incubation at 27 °C ± 2 °C, mycelial growth was measured (in mm) with a digital calliper (Absolute Digimatic-Mitutoyo Corp. Japan). Percentage inhibition of mycelial growth was determined as described by Plaza et al. (2004 (link)).
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Publication 2024

Top products related to «Naringin»

Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy, India, Spain, China, United Kingdom, Macao, Sao Tome and Principe, France
Naringin is a natural compound extracted from citrus fruits. It is a flavonoid glycoside that acts as an antioxidant. The core function of Naringin is to serve as a reference standard for analytical testing and research purposes.
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Quercetin is a natural compound found in various plants, including fruits and vegetables. It is a type of flavonoid with antioxidant properties. Quercetin is often used as a reference standard in analytical procedures and research applications.
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Gallic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound that can be used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white to light tan crystalline solid with the chemical formula C6H2(OH)3COOH. Gallic acid is commonly used in various analytical and research applications.
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Naringenin is a flavanone compound found in various citrus fruits. It is a crystalline solid commonly used as a reference standard and reagent in research and analytical applications involving the identification and quantification of flavonoids.
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Rutin is a laboratory reagent used for analytical and research purposes. It is a flavonoid compound derived from various plant sources. Rutin exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and is commonly used in assays, chromatography, and other analytical techniques.
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Chlorogenic acid is a compound found in various plants, including coffee beans. It is a type of polyphenol and is commonly used in laboratory settings for research purposes.
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Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits. It is a naturally occurring compound with potential pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Hesperidin exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and vasodilatory properties. Its core function is as a bioactive compound that may be of interest for further research and development.
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Catechin is a natural polyphenolic compound found in various plants, including green tea. It functions as an antioxidant, with the ability to scavenge free radicals and protect cells from oxidative stress.
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Caffeic acid is a phenolic compound commonly found in various plants. It serves as a laboratory standard for the identification and quantification of similar phenolic compounds using analytical techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometry.
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P-coumaric acid is a naturally occurring phenolic compound that can be utilized as a reference standard or an analytical reagent in various laboratory settings. It is a white to off-white crystalline solid that is soluble in organic solvents. P-coumaric acid is commonly used as a standard in analytical techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometric measurements, to quantify and characterize similar compounds in sample matrices.

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