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Pargyline

Pargyline is a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and other neurological disorders.
It works by blocking the breakdown of neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, leading to increased levels in the brain.
Pargyline has been widely studied for its therapeutic potential, with research exploring its effects on motor function, cognitive impairment, and other symptom management.
Researchers can use PubCompare.ai to quickly identify the most accurate and reproducible protocols from published literature, pre-prints, and patents, optimizing the quality and efficiency of their Pargyline research.

Most cited protocols related to «Pargyline»

Modulation of Monocyte Responses

Cited 9 times

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Publication 2012

anti-IgG Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic beta-Glucans Cells dectin 1 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Escherichia coli IL10 protein, human laminaran Mannans Monocytes Mycobacterium tuberculosis N-palmitoyl-S-(2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)propyl)cysteinyl-seryl-lysyl-lysyl-lysyl-lysine Pargyline Psychological Inhibition Raf1 protein, human Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Fluorescence-tagged Monoamine Transporter Assay

Cited 9 times

Fluorescence tags do not introduce any functional deficit to monoamine transporters (24 (link)). Uptake experiments were performed as described previously (25 (link)). In brief, for the determination of nonspecific uptake by SERT, DAT, and NET, we used 10 μm paroxetine, mazindole, or nisoxetine, respectively, and 0.1–60 μm [³H]dopamine or [³H]5HT was added for 1 min as indicated. For ^TacSERT, transfected cells were plated in 96-well plates (ViewPlate; PerkinElmer Life Science). Prior to the experiment, the cells were washed once in uptake buffer (25 mm HEPES, 120 mm NaCl, 5 mm KCl, 1.2 mm CaCl₂, and 1.2 mm MgSO₄ supplemented with 5 mm d-glucose, 0.1 mm ascorbic acid, and 0.1 mm pargyline) and equilibrated in uptake buffer for 30 min before starting the assay. Nonlabeled 5HT was added at increasing concentrations followed by 30–50 nm [³H]5HT to a final volume of 150 μl. After incubation for 3 min at room temperature, cells were washed twice in ice-cold uptake buffer. Scintillation fluid (0.15 ml) was added, and the radioactivity was measured in a Wallac microplate liquid scintillation counter (PerkinElmer Life Sciences).
Substrate efflux assays were performed as described previously (26 (link), 27 (link)). In brief, culture medium was removed from transiently transfected CAD or HEK293 cells (4·10⁵ cells per well grown on coverslips in 96-well plates), and the cells were preincubated with 0.4 μm [³H]5HT or with 0.1 μm 1-[³H]methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP⁺) for 20 min at 37 °C in a final volume of 0.1 ml of Krebs/HEPES buffer per well. The coverslips were transferred into chambers, and excess radioactivity was subsequently washed out with buffer at 25 °C for 45 min at a perfusion rate of 0.7 ml/min. Once stable efflux of radioactivity was achieved, following the initial wash, 2-min fractions were collected, and samples were counted in a β-counter.

Sucic S., Dallinger S., Zdrazil B., Weissensteiner R., Jørgensen T.N., Holy M., Kudlacek O., Seidel S., Cha J.H., Gether U., Newman A.H., Ecker G.F., Freissmuth M, & Sitte H.H. (2010). The N Terminus of Monoamine Transporters Is a Lever Required for the Action of Amphetamines. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 285(14), 10924-10938.

Publication 2010

Ascorbic Acid Biological Assay Buffers Cells Cold Temperature Culture Media Dopamine Fluorescence Glucose HEK293 Cells HEPES Mazindol Membrane Transport Proteins nisoxetine Pargyline Paroxetine Perfusion Radioactivity Scintillation Counters Sodium Chloride Sulfate, Magnesium

Effects of Insulin and Neurotransmitters

Cited 8 times

ANOVA for repeated measurements was performed for the factors insulin and mHT, 5-HT, MDC and pargyline. When univariate analysis revealed significant differences, post hoc comparisons were made using Bonferroni’s least significant difference method. Otherwise, univariate results were stated. All values were expressed as mean ± S.D., and statistical significance was accepted as P < 0.05.

Al-Zoairy R., Pedrini M.T., Khan M.I., Engl J., Tschoner A., Ebenbichler C., Gstraunthaler G., Salzmann K., Bakry R, & Niederwanger A. (2017). Serotonin improves glucose metabolism by Serotonylation of the small GTPase Rab4 in L6 skeletal muscle cells. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 9, 1.

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Publication 2017

Insulin neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human Pargyline

Characterizing CTCs in Metastatic Breast Cancer

Cited 5 times

Liquid biopsies were collected from 10 patients with ER⁺/PR⁺/HER2⁻ Stage IV MBC and had received any form of systemic therapy. Disease burden was assessed by standard of care monitoring (CT scans (RECIST 1.1), blood work, clinical symptoms/judgement). Liquid biopsies were pre-enriched using the RosetteSep™ method to isolate CTCs by employing the RosetteSep™ Human CD45 Depletion Kit (15162, Stemcell Technologies) to remove CD45⁺ cells and red blood cells, using density gradient centrifugation with SepMate™-15 (IVD) density gradient tubes (85420, Stemcell Technologies) and Lymphoprep™ density gradient medium (07861, Stemcell Technologies). Enriched CTC samples were then quantified on the DEPArray™ single cell isolation system using the manufacture’s protocol. Samples were stained with anti-APC-CD45 (555485; BD Biosciences), anti-FITC-pan-cytokeratin (130-080-101; Miltenyi Biotec) and anti-PE-vimentin (562337; BD Biosciences) to confirm the presence of CTCs and produce a CTC count per 7.5 ml of blood. Only CD45⁻/Cytokeratin⁺/Vimentin⁺/DAPI⁺ cells were considered as CTCs. Purified CTC samples were then either left untreated or treated with either 3 mM pargyline or 500 µM phenelzine for 12 hours and then processed for high resolution immunofluorescence through methods described earlier. All experimental procedures relating to human studies were performed in accordance with the guidelines and regulations approved by the ACT Health Research Ethics and Governance Office: Human Research Ethics Committee, Building 10, The Canberra Hospital, Garran, ACT, 2605 (Ethics ID ETH.11.15.217). Written informed consent was received from all patients prior to inclusion in the study.

Boulding T., McCuaig R.D., Tan A., Hardy K., Wu F., Dunn J., Kalimutho M., Sutton C.R., Forwood J.K., Bert A.G., Goodall G.J., Malik L., Yip D., Dahlstrom J.E., Zafar A., Khanna K.K, & Rao S. (2018). LSD1 activation promotes inducible EMT programs and modulates the tumour microenvironment in breast cancer. Scientific Reports, 8, 73.

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Publication 2018

BLOOD Cells Cell Separation Centrifugation, Density Gradient Clinical Reasoning Cytokeratin DAPI ERBB2 protein, human Erythrocytes Ethics Committees, Research Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Homo sapiens Immunofluorescence Liquid Biopsy lymphoprep Pargyline Patients Phenelzine Stem Cells Therapeutics Vimentin X-Ray Computed Tomography

Glioma Cell Proliferation Assay

Cited 5 times

Cell proliferation rates were measured by using MTT Cell Viability Assay in 96-well microplates. Glioma cells were seeded in 96-well plates (2 × 10³ cells/well) in DMEM medium containing 10% serum. After an overnight incubation, cells were treated with varying concentrations of pargyline or NCL-1 for 72 h and growth inhibition was determined by using traditional MTT assays. For the primary GBM cells, single-cell suspensions were plated in 96-well plates (1 × 10³ cells/well), and pargyline- or NCL-1-mediated growth inhibition was determined by using traditional MTS assays. For the clonogenic assays, U87 and LN229 cells (500 cells/well) were seeded in 6-well plates. After an overnight incubation, cells were treated with pargyline (3 mM) or NCL-1 (10 μM) for 72 h. Then cells were washed with PBS and allowed to grow for an additional 7 days. The cells were then fixed in ice cold methanol and stained with 0.5% crystal violet solution to visualize the colonies. Colonies that contain ≥ 50 cells were counted.

Sareddy G.R., Nair B.C., Krishnan S.K., Gonugunta V.K., Zhang Q.G., Suzuki T., Miyata N., Brenner A.J., Brann D.W, & Vadlamudi R.K. (2012). KDM1 is a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of gliomas. Oncotarget, 4(1), 18-28.

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Publication 2012

Biological Assay Cells Cell Survival Cold Temperature Glioma Methanol Pargyline Psychological Inhibition Serum Violet, Gentian

Most recents protocols related to «Pargyline»

Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibition Assay

[³H]Dopamine, [³H]norepinephrine, and [³H]5-HT (specific activity ranging from 30–50 Ci/mmol) were purchased from Perkin Elmer (Shelton, CT, USA). All other chemicals and reagents were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Rats were euthanized by CO₂ inhalation, and brains were processed to yield synaptosomes as previously described [25 (link)]. Rat caudate tissue was used for DAT assays, whereas rat whole brain minus caudate and cerebellum was used for NET and SERT assays. Transport activity at DAT, NET, and SERT was assessed using 5 nM [³H]dopamine, 10 nM [³H]norepinephrine, and 5 nM [³H]5-HT, respectively. The selectivity of uptake assays was optimized for a single transporter by including unlabeled blockers to prevent uptake of [³H]transmitter by competing transporters. Uptake inhibition assays were initiated by adding 100 µL of tissue suspension to 900 µL Krebs-phosphate buffer (126 mM NaCl, 2.4 mM KCl, 0.83 mM CaCl₂, 0.8 mM MgCl₂, 0.5 mM KH₂PO₄, 0.5 mM Na₂SO₄, 11.1 mM glucose, 0.05 mM pargyline, 1 mg mL⁻¹ bovine serum albumin, and 1 mg mL⁻¹ ascorbic acid, pH 7.4) containing test peptide and [³H]transmitter. Assays were terminated by rapid vacuum filtration through Whatman GF/B filters, and retained radioactivity was quantified by liquid scintillation counting. Statistical analyses were carried out using GraphPad Prism 6.0 (GraphPad Scientific, San Diego, CA, USA). IC₅₀ values for uptake inhibition were calculated based on non-linear regression analysis.

Espiritu M.J., Taylor J.K., Sugai C.K., Thapa P., Loening N.M., Gusman E., Baoanan Z.G., Baumann M.H, & Bingham J.P. (2023). Characterization of the Native Disulfide Isomers of the Novel χ-Conotoxin PnID: Implications for Further Increasing Conotoxin Diversity. Marine Drugs, 21(2), 61.

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Publication 2023

Ascorbic Acid Biological Assay Biological Transport, Active Brain Buffers Cerebellum Dopamine Exhaling Filtration Genetic Selection Glucose Inhalation Magnesium Chloride Membrane Transport Proteins Norepinephrine Pargyline Peptides Phosphates prisma Psychological Inhibition Radioactivity Serum Albumin, Bovine Sodium Chloride Synaptosomes Tissues Vacuum

Measuring SSAO Activity via Amplex Red

SSAO activity was determined as a result of the turnover of hydrogen peroxide, which was measured by the Amplex Red Monoamine Oxidase Assay Kit (Invitrogen, Beijing, China). Briefly, 100 g of protein was incubated at room temperature with clorgyline 1 M (monoamine oxidase-A inhibitor), pargyline 3 M (monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor), benzylamine 2 mM (substrate of SSAO), Amplex Red reagent 100 M, and horseradish peroxidase 1 U/mL, with or without semicarbazide 1 mM. Absorbance at 570 nm was measured every 5 min for 30 min. A standard curve was plotted using different solutions with known hydrogen peroxide concentrations. The production rate of hydrogen peroxide was calculated and expressed as [H₂O₂]/min/g protein. SSAO activity was determined by the difference between the production rates of hydrogen peroxide with and without semicarbazide.

Yan L., Sun C., Zhang Y., Zhang P., Chen Y., Deng Y., Er T., Deng Y., Wang Z, & Ma H. (2023). The Biological Implication of Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase (SSAO) Upregulation in Rat Systemic Inflammatory Response under Simulated Aerospace Environment. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(4), 3666.

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Publication 2023

Amplex Red Benzylamines Biological Assay carbamylhydrazine Clorgyline G-substrate GTP-Binding Proteins Horseradish Peroxidase Monoamine Oxidase Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors Pargyline Peroxide, Hydrogen

Reversibility of MAO Inhibitor Kinetics

As previously
stated, the reversibilities of lead compound inhibitions of MAO-A
and MAO-B were assessed after preincubation for 30 min at ∼2
× IC₅₀.^{37 (link)} Reference inhibitors
such as toloxatone (a reversible MAO-A inhibitor), clorgyline (an
irreversible MAO-A inhibitor), lazabemide (a reversible MAO-B inhibitor),
and pargyline (an irreversible MAO-B inhibitor) were also preincubated
at a concentration of ∼2 × IC₅₀ for comparison
with the compounds. Reversibility patterns were identified by comparing
the behaviors of dialyzed (A_D) and undialyzed (A_U) samples.

Kumar S., Oh J.M., Abdelgawad M.A., Abourehab M.A., Tengli A.K., Singh A.K., Ahmad I., Patel H., Mathew B, & Kim H. (2023). Development of Isopropyl-Tailed Chalcones as a New Class of Selective MAO-B Inhibitors for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disorder. ACS Omega, 8(7), 6908-6917.

Publication 2023

Clorgyline lazabemide Monoamine Oxidase B Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors Pargyline Psychological Inhibition toloxatone

Monoamine Oxidase Enzyme Kinetics

Recombinant human MAO-A (hMAO-A) and MAO-B
(hMAO-B) were employed
for the MAO activity assay, with 0.06 mM kynuramine and 0.3 mM benzylamine
serving as the substrates, respectively.^{31 (link),32 (link)} In this work, it was determined that the K_m values for kynuramine for MAO-A and benzylamine for MAO-B
were 0.04–0.07 and 0.25–0.33 mM, respectively. Reference
MAO-A inhibitors included toloxatone and clorgyline, whereas reference
MAO-B inhibitors included lazabemide and pargyline. Enzymes, substrates,
and reference chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis,
MO, USA).

Publication 2023

Benzylamines Biological Assay Clorgyline Enzymes Homo sapiens inhibitors Kynuramine lazabemide MAOA protein, human Monoamine Oxidase B Pargyline toloxatone

Synchronizing PC12 Cells for Dopamine Release

PC12 cells differentiated to neuronal-like phenotype in collagen IV-treated 12-well plates, were first synchronized all to the same circadian phase and cell cycle by a serum shock (50% HS and 50% DMEM HiGlutaXL) for 2 h at 37 °C [49 (link)] to achieve a synchronous release of dopamine [50 (link)]. Synchronization medium was then aspirated off, cells were washed with 3 × 1 mL and equilibrated for 15 min at 37 °C in 1 mL of Krebs Ringer HEPES (KRH) physiological buffer, following the recipe of Mount et al. [40 (link)] (25 mM HEPES/Tris, pH 7.4, 1.2 mM KH₂PO₄, 125 mM NaCl, 4.8 mM KCl, 1.2 mM MgSO₄, 2.2 mM CaCl₂, 5.6 mM glucose, 1.0 mM ascorbic acid, 10 µM pargyline, 1.0 µM nomifensine). Basal or tonic pre-stimulation dopamine release was harvested, followed by the phasic release evoked by 60 mM K⁺ or eugenol in 1 mL KRH buffer, which is finally followed by the post-stimulation phase in 1 mL KRH for 5 min at 37 °C, which quantifies dopamine accumulation after the stimulation. All the three steps of dopamine release were collected sequentially during a time course of stimulation for 5, 15, 30, 60 and 120 min with 25 µM eugenol and for 5 min of stimulation with increasing concentrations of eugenol (1, 2, 5, 10 and 25 µM) together with 60 mM K⁺, as a positive control for functional dopamine release in PC12 cells. To remove cell debris, all samples of 1 mL incubation KRH at the end of treatments were centrifuged at 1000× g for 20 min at 4 °C and stored at −20 °C until dopamine levels were determined by ELISA assay.

Pavan B., Bianchi A., Botti G., Ferraro L., Valerii M.C., Spisni E, & Dalpiaz A. (2023). Pharmacokinetic and Permeation Studies in Rat Brain of Natural Compounds Led to Investigate Eugenol as Direct Activator of Dopamine Release in PC12 Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(2), 1800.

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Publication 2023

Ascorbic Acid Biological Assay Buffers Cell Cycle Cells Collagen Type IV Dopamine Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Eugenol Glucose HEPES Neurons Nomifensine Pargyline PC12 Cells Phenotype physiology Serum Shock Sodium Chloride Sulfate, Magnesium Tromethamine

Top products related to «Pargyline»

Pargyline by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, France, United Kingdom, Germany

Pargyline is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that is used as a laboratory reagent. It acts by inhibiting the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which is involved in the metabolism of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.

Desipramine by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, Sao Tome and Principe

Desipramine is a chemical compound used in laboratory settings. It is a tricyclic antidepressant drug that can be utilized for various research and testing purposes. The core function of Desipramine is to serve as a reference standard or a research tool in analytical and pharmacological studies.

Amplex red monoamine oxidase assay kit by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States

The Amplex Red Monoamine Oxidase Assay Kit is a fluorometric assay used to measure the activity of monoamine oxidase, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of neurotransmitters. The kit provides a sensitive and specific method for detecting monoamine oxidase activity in a variety of sample types.

Benzylamine by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, France, Germany, Sao Tome and Principe

Benzylamine is a chemical compound with the formula C6H5CH2NH2. It is a colorless liquid with a distinctive amine odor. Benzylamine is commonly used as a precursor in the synthesis of various organic compounds and pharmaceutical intermediates.

Pargyline hcl by Merck Group

Sourced in Spain, United States

Pargyline HCl is a chemical compound used in laboratory research settings. It is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can be utilized in various experimental applications. The core function of Pargyline HCl is to inhibit the activity of monoamine oxidase enzymes, which play a role in the metabolism of neurotransmitters. This property makes it a useful tool for studying the effects of altered monoamine levels in biological systems.

Kynuramine by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Italy

Kynuramine is a laboratory reagent used in the analysis and detection of various compounds. It is a chemical compound that can be used as a substrate or detection agent in various analytical techniques. The core function of Kynuramine is to facilitate the measurement and identification of target analytes, but a more detailed description without interpretation or extrapolation is not available.

Gf b filter by Cytiva

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom

GF/B filters are laboratory filtration products designed to efficiently separate and retain particles and precipitates from liquid samples. They are constructed using high-quality glass fiber materials to provide consistent and reliable performance during the filtration process.

Toloxatone by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Toloxatone is a lab equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a chemical compound used in research and scientific applications.

Lazabemide by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Lazabemide is a laboratory equipment product developed by Merck Group. It serves as a core functional component in scientific research and experimentation.

Tyramine by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, Spain, France, United Kingdom

Tyramine is a laboratory compound used for analytical and research purposes. It is a monoamine compound that functions as a neurotransmitter. Tyramine is employed in various scientific applications, including biochemical analysis and pharmacological studies.

More about "Pargyline"

Pargyline is a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor, a class of drugs that work by blocking the breakdown of neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, leading to increased levels in the brain.
This makes it a valuable treatment for Parkinson's disease and other neurological disorders.
Researchers can utilize PubCompare.ai, an AI-powered platform, to quickly identify the most accurate and reproducible protocols from published literature, preprints, and patents, optimizing the quality and efficiency of their Pargyline research.
Pargyline has been extensively studied for its therapeutic potential, with research exploring its effects on motor function, cognitive impairment, and other symptom management.
Related compounds like Desipramine, Amplex Red Monoamine Oxidase Assay Kit, Benzylamine, Pargyline HCl, Kynuramine, GF/B filters, Toloxatone, Lazabemide, and Tyramine have also been investigated for their role in monoamine oxidase inhibition and potential applications.
PubCompare.ai can be a valuable tool for researchers working with Pargyline, as it enables them to quickly locate and compare protocols from a wide range of sources, ensuring they are using the most accurate and reproducible methods in their studies.
By enhancing the quality and efficiency of Pargyline research, this platform can contribute to advancements in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and other neurological conditions.