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Phosphonates

Phosphonates are a class of organic compounds containing a phosphorus atom directly bonded to one or more carbon atoms.
These versatile molecules have diverse applications in various fields, including medicinal chemistry, material science, and agricultural chemistry.
Phosphonates exhibit a wide range of biological activities, such as antimicrobial, antitumor, and enzyme inhibitory properties.
They are also used as chelating agents, surfactants, and flame retardants.
Researchers can leverage the power of PubCompare.ai, a leading AI platform, to optimize their phosphonate research.
This advanced tool effortlessly locates the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, enhancing research efficiency and identifying the optimal products with ease.
Experiance the future of protocol optimization today and unlock the full potential of phosphonate research.

Most cited protocols related to «Phosphonates»

1
Expanded Secondary Metabolite Detection in antiSMASH 2.0
Cited 25 times
In addition to the secondary metabolite cluster types supported in the original release of antiSMASH (type I, II and III polyketides, non-ribosomal peptides, terpenes, lantipeptides, bacteriocins, aminoglycosides/aminocyclitols, β-lactams, aminocoumarins, indoles, butyrolactones, ectoines, siderophores, phosphoglycolipids, melanins and a generic class of clusters encoding unusual secondary metabolite biosynthesis genes), version 2.0 adds support for oligosaccharide antibiotics, phenazines, thiopeptides, homoserine lactones, phosphonates and furans. The cluster detection uses the same pHMM rule-based approach as the initial release (17 (link)): in short, the pHMMs are used to detect signature proteins or protein domains that are characteristic for the respective secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathway. Some pHMMs were obtained from PFAM or TIGRFAM. If no suitable pHMMs were available from these databases, custom pHMMs were constructed based on manually curated seed alignments (Supplementary Table S1). These are composed of protein sequences of experimentally characterized biosynthetic enzymes described in literature, as well as their close homologs found in gene clusters from the same type. The models were curated by manually inspecting the output of searches against the non-redundant (nr) database of protein sequences. The seed alignments are available online at http://antismash.secondarymetabolites.org/download.html#extras. After scanning the genome with the pHMM library, antiSMASH evaluates all hits using a set of rules (Supplementary Table S2) that describe the different cluster types. Unlike the hard-coded rules in the initial release of antiSMASH, the detection rules and profile lists are now located in editable TXT files, making it easy for users to add and modify cluster rules in the stand-alone version, e.g. to accommodate newly discovered or proprietary compound classes without code changes. The results of gene cluster predictions by antiSMASH are continuously checked on new data arising from research performed throughout the natural products community, and pHMMs and their cut-offs are regularly updated when either false positives or false negatives become apparent.
The profile-based detection of secondary metabolite clusters has now been augmented by a tighter integration of the generalized PFAM (22 (link)) domain-based ClusterFinder algorithm (Cimermancic et al., in preparation) already included in version 1.0 of antiSMASH. This algorithm performs probabilistic inference of gene clusters by identifying genomic regions with unusually high frequencies of secondary metabolism-associated PFAM domains, and it was designed to detect ‘classical’ as well as less typical and even novel classes of secondary metabolite gene clusters. While antiSMASH 1.0 only generated the output of this algorithm in a static image, version 2.0 displays these additional putative gene clusters along with the other gene clusters in the HTML output. A key advantage of this is that these putative gene clusters will now also be included in the subsequent (Sub)ClusterBlast analyses.
Blin K., Medema M.H., Kazempour D., Fischbach M.A., Breitling R., Takano E, & Weber T. (2013). antiSMASH 2.0—a versatile platform for genome mining of secondary metabolite producers. Nucleic Acids Research, 41(Web Server issue), W204-W212.
Publication 2013
Amino Acid Sequence Aminocoumarins Aminoglycosides Anabolism Antibiotics Bacteriocins Biosynthetic Pathways Childbirth Classes Enzymes Furans Gene Clusters Generic Drugs Genes Genome Genomic Library homoserine lactone Indoles Lactams Melanins Natural Products Oligosaccharides Peptides Phenazines Phosphonates Polyketides Prognosis Protein Domain Proteins Ribosomes Secondary Metabolism Siderophores Terpenes
2
Detecting Phosphonate Compound FR900098 Production
Cited 9 times

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Publication 2008
6-(3-propylthio-1,2,5-thiadiazol-4-yl)-1-azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane Agar Biological Assay Enzymes Escherichia coli FR 900098 Mass Spectrometry Parent Phosphonates Phosphoric Acids Psychological Inhibition Silicon Dioxide Strains
3
Synthesis of Novel Anti-Bacterial Compounds
Cited 5 times
All bacterial strains were from Prof. Jolanta Łukasiewicz (Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland). Reagents and apparatus that were used in the work were described in detail in our earlier works in this field.
The synthesis of new compounds from the α-hydroxy phosphonate derivatives, similarly to other compounds studied by us in previous works, may determine a new alternative to the commonly used antibiotics in clinical infections. This chemical and biological activity is related to two kinds of specific substituents in their structure R1 and R2 (see Scheme 1). Dysfunction of bacterial membranes containing different lengths of LPS in model bacterial strains is an ideal model to assess the effectiveness of these compounds in relation to the antibiotics used by a specific enzyme Fpg of modified bacterial DNA (Labjot, New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, USA).
Kowalczyk P., Koszelewski D., Gawdzik B., Samsonowicz-Górski J., Kramkowski K., Wypych A., Lizut R, & Ostaszewski R. (2022). Promiscuous Lipase-Catalyzed Markovnikov Addition of H-Phosphites to Vinyl Esters for the Synthesis of Cytotoxic α-Acyloxy Phosphonate Derivatives. Materials, 15(5), 1975.
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Publication 2022
Anabolism Antibiotics Bacteria Biopharmaceuticals derivatives DNA, Bacterial Enzymes Infection Phosphonates Strains Tissue, Membrane
4
Identification of Secondary Metabolite Biosynthetic Gene Clusters
Cited 4 times
Signature enzymes for major classes of secondary metabolites were found using profile Hidden Markov Models (pHMMs) and the program HMMER [18 (link)]. The pHMMs used are a mixture of those reported by Medema et al. [19 (link)] with the same cut-offs mentioned therein for PKS I, PKS II, PKS III, NRPS, indolocarbazoles, aerobactin-like siderophores, butyrolactones, aminoglycosides, and β-lactams, including screening for fatty acid synthases that are hit by the PKS models. New pHMMs were made for discovery of terpene synthases based on the sequences published in [20 (link)], lanthipeptides based on the required cyclase domain, see [21 (link)] for review, and thiazole-oxazole modified microcins, or TOMMs based on the YcaO domain [22 (link)]. The new pHMMs and alignments are presented in a stand-alone website (see Additional file 1). Phosphonates were found using a BLAST search and screening for sequences containing the EDK-X(5)-NS motif present in all verified PepM sequences (see [23 (link)] for review). Gene clusters were defined by extending six genes to either side of a significant pHMM hit (past the specified cut-off), joining additional hits within that window into the same cluster, and re-initiating the six gene count after encountering additional hits. The six gene extension was a practical choice; when we defined gene clusters with longer extensions the comparisons included more noise (divergent genomic neighborhoods not related to biosynthetic genes), and fewer genes in each cluster resulted in too little data for comparisons. This choice was made with future automation in mind. Similar gene clusters were found using an array of tools including phylogenetic comparisons and Mauve [24 (link)] alignments after concatenation of all gene clusters in each strain into one sequence. A website showing all gene clusters are included as Additional file 1. Gene cluster diagrams also include domain annotations, but these are not manually curated and some domains are incorrectly split in half. Gene annotation and domain names are available on mouseover.
Doroghazi J.R, & Metcalf W.W. (2013). Comparative genomics of actinomycetes with a focus on natural product biosynthetic genes. BMC Genomics, 14, 611.
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Publication 2013
aerobactin Aminoglycosides Anabolism Enzymes Gene Annotation Gene Clusters Genes Genome Lactams microcin Oxazoles Phosphonates Siderophores Strains Synthase, Fatty Acid terpene synthase Thiazoles
5
Synthesis and Functionalization of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Cited 4 times
The MSNPs were synthesized according to our previously published sol-gel procedure.5 (link), 11 (link) Briefly, for the synthesis of unmodified MSNP (OH-MSNP), 100 mg of CTAB was dissolved in a solution of 48 mL water and 0.35 mL sodium hydroxide (2 M) and heated to 80 °C. One half mL of TEOS was added into the aqueous solution containing CTAB surfactants. For the phosphonate modification, 3-trihydroxysilylpropyl methylphosphonate was added to the mixture 15 minutes after the addition of TEOS. The CTAB surfactants were then removed from the pores by heating the particles in acidic ethanol. To perform PEI coating, 5 mg of phosphonate-modified MSNP were dispersed in a solution containing 2.5 mg PEI (1.8 kD, 10 kD, 25 kD) in 1 ml absolute ethanol. After sonication and stirring for 30 min the PEI coated particles were washed with PBS. The amount of polymer coated onto the particle surface was approximately 5 weight percentage.
Because Dox is positively charged under physiological pH, it was necessary to demonstrate that phosphonate or other anionic surface groups are effective for drug binding, including in particles that have been coated with PEI. To demonstrate this principle, we decorated particle surfaces with carboxylate (COOH) and amine groups in addition to phosphonate and silanol (OH groups). The surface functionalization was achieved by mixing organoalkoxysilanes (made up in ethanol) with TEOS before adding the mixture into the CTAB solution.23 For carboxylate modification, 50 µL cyanoethyltriethoxysilane was mixed with 500 µL ethanol and 500 µL TEOS, then added into the surfactant solution. After the surfactant removal process, the particles were further heated in a solution of 50% sulfuric acid to hydrolyze the cyanide groups into carboxylic groups. For amine modification, 50 µL of aminopropyltriethoxysilane was first mixed with 500 µL ethanol and 500 µL TEOS before adding to the surfactant solution. After 2 hrs, the solution was cooled to room temperature and the materials were washed with methanol before the surfactant removal process.
Meng H., Liong M., Xia T., Li Z., Ji Z., Zink J.I, & Nel A.E. (2010). Engineered Design of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles to Deliver Doxorubicin and Pgp siRNA to Overcome Drug Resistance in a Cancer Cell Line. ACS nano, 4(8), 4539-4550.
Publication 2010
3-(triethoxysilyl)propylamine Acids Amines Anabolism Cetrimonium Bromide Cyanides Ethanol Methanol methylphosphonate Pharmaceutical Preparations Phosphonates physiology Polymers silanol Sodium Hydroxide Sulfuric Acids Surface-Active Agents Surfactants

Most recents protocols related to «Phosphonates»

1
Intracellular Sodium Quantification in Isolated Hearts

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Publication 2023
ARID1A protein, human AT protocol Bicarbonate, Sodium Capillaries carbene Glucose Heart Krebs-Henseleit solution Phosphonates Protoplasm Pyruvate Sodium Chloride Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Sulfate, Magnesium Tetragonopterus Thulium Vibration
2
Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles During COVID-19
The antimicrobial resistance profiles were provided by Phoenix BD automated system (Becton Dickinson Franklin Lakes, NJ, EUA); according to manufacturing protocols, each panel was standardized for Gram-positive and Gram-negative AST profiles comprehending the list below:
Aminoglycoside: Amikacin (AMK), Gentamicin (GEN), Synergism Gentamicin (SGEN), Synergism Streptomycin (SSTP), Tobramycin (TOB); Cephalosporins: Cefepime (FEP), Cefoxitin (FOX), Ceftaroline (CPT), Ceftazidime (CAZ), Ceftazidime + Avibactam (CZA), Ceftriaxone (CRO), Cefuroxime (CXM), Cefazolin (CZ); Quinolones: Ciprofloxacin (CIP), Norfloxacin (NX), Levofloxacin (LVX); Penicillin: Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (AMC), Ampicillin (AMP), Ampicillin/Sulbactam (SAM), Oxacillin (OXA), Penicillin (PEN), Piperacillin/Tazobactam (TZP); Carbapenems: Ertapenem (ETP), Imipenem (IPM), Meropenem (MEM); Glycopeptides: Teicoplanin (TEC), Vancomycin (VAN): Macrolide: Erythromycin (ERY), Rifampicin (RIP): Lincosamides: Clindamycin (CLI); Oxazolidinone: Linezolid (LZD); Tetracycline: Tetracycline (TET), Minocycline (MIN); Sulfonamides: Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (STX); Nitroimidazoles: Nitrofurantoin (NIT); Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol (C); Phosphonate: Fosfomycin (FOS); Glycylcyclines: Tigecycline (TGC); Polypeptide: Colistin (CL); Lipopeptides: Daptomycin (DAP).
The resistance profile was classified as resistant (R), and susceptible (S). Any isolate with resistance to three or more classes of antimicrobial agents was classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR) according to the definition proposed by Magiorakos et al. (2012) (link). Some of the clinical isolates were retrieved at the moment of hospitalization for epidemiological active surveillance and infection control. A total of 256 isolates were included in the study and 196 had the antimicrobial susceptibility test performed (Table 1).
Data for new COVID-19 cases for each month were obtained from the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MS) and the State Health Department of Rio de Janeiro, compiled by Cota (2020) .
The prevalence of bacteria species in pediatric, neonatal-ICU, and gynecology/obstetrics wards during the pandemic period was evaluated. In order to compare these three wards with other hospital wards, a total of 2,551 bacteria isolates were recovered from the HICC-HUAP.
Pinheiro F.R., Rozza-de-Menezes R.E., Blum M.C., Pereira R.F., Rocha J.A., Guedes Pinto M.C., Penna B.A., Riley L.W, & Aguiar-Alves F. (2023). Evaluation of changes in antimicrobial susceptibility in bacteria infecting children and their mothers in pediatric, neonatal-intensive care unit, and gynecology/obstetrics wards of a quaternary referral hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14, 1096223.
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Publication 2023
Amikacin Aminoglycosides Amox clav Amphenicol Ampicillin ampicillin-sulbactam avibactam - ceftazidime Bacteria Carbapenems Cefazolin Cefepime Cefoxitin ceftaroline Ceftazidime Ceftriaxone Cefuroxime Cephalosporins Chloramphenicol Ciprofloxacin Clindamycin Colistin COVID 19 Daptomycin Ertapenem Erythromycin Fosfomycin Gentamicin Glycopeptides glycylcycline Hospitalization Imipenem Infant, Newborn Infection Control Levofloxacin Lincosamides Linezolid Lipopeptides Macrolides Meropenem Microbicides Minocycline Nitrofurantoin Nitroimidazoles Norfloxacin Oxacillin Oxazolidinones Pandemics Penicillins Phosphonates Piperacillin-Tazobactam Combination Product Polypeptides Quinolones Rifampin Streptomycin Sulfonamides Susceptibility, Disease Teicoplanin Tetracycline Tigecycline Tobramycin Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination Vancomycin
3
Polymer Coating of Phosphonate-Modified MSNs
To perform the polymer coating, 5 mg of phosphonate-modified MSNs were dispersed in 1 mL of absolute ethanol with a (2:1) MSN@PEI (5KDa) ratio (2:1), shown in previous studies to be non-toxic [31 (link),34 (link),36 (link)]. Although some cytotoxicity has been reportedly associated with this type of polymer, below a certain molecular weight, it is perfectly biocompatible [31 (link),32 (link),36 (link)]. The mixture, well-dispersed in ultrasound, was stirred for 30 min at room temperature and then washed with phosphate-buffered saline and ethanol. All reagents used for the synthesis of MSNs and their coating were commercial products from Merck (Spain) and were used without further purification.
Lozano D., Leiva B., Gómez-Escalonilla I.S., Portal-Núñez S., de Górtazar A.R., Manzano M, & Vallet-Regí M. (2023). Pleiotrophin-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as a Possible Treatment for Osteoporosis. Pharmaceutics, 15(2), 658.
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Publication 2023
Anabolism Cytotoxin Ethanol MSN protein, human Phosphates Phosphonates Polymers Saline Solution Ultrasonography
4
Synthesis and Characterization of Phosphonate Compound
The phosphonate compound 2 (16.0 g, 0.0516 mol), resin Dowex®50WX8 hydrogen form (50–100 mesh, 8.00 g), and methanol (180.0 mL) were added in a round bottom flask 250 mL equipped with a magnetic stirrer. After that, the suspended mixture was stirred at room temperature for 7 h under argon. The resin was then filtered out and washed with methanol. The filtered solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to yield the yellowish oil in quantitative yield. HRMS analysis (C9H19O7P): detected ion [M+H]+, calculated value m/zcalc = 271.0941 and experimental value m/zexp = 271.0942.
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ (ppm): 4.42 (-COOCH2-, dt, J = 21.7, 6.2 Hz), 3.83 (HOCH2-, J = 11.5 Hz), 3.76 (-PO(OCH3)2, d, J = 10.9 Hz), 3.72 (HOCH2-, J = 11.5 Hz), 2.17 (-CH2PO(OCH3)2, dt, J = 17.9, 6.2 Hz), and 1.07 (-CH3, s). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ (ppm): 175.39 (-COOCH2-), 67.70 (-CH2OH), 58.17 (-COOCH2-, d, J = 7.3 Hz), 52.81 (-PO(OCH3)2, d, J = 6.7 Hz), 49.92 ((OHCH2)2C(CH3)COO-), 24.81 (-CH2PO(OCH3)2, d, J = 144.3 Hz), and 17.33 (-CH3). 31P NMR (162 MHz, CDCl3) δ (ppm): 30.36. FT-IR (cm−1): 3389(ν(OH)), 2957(ν(CH)), 1730 (ν(C=O)ester), 1218 (ν(P=O)), and 1019 (ν(P-O)).
Ho H.T., Nguyen N.H., Rollet M., Phan T.N, & Gigmes D. (2023). Phosphonate-Functionalized Polycarbonates Synthesis through Ring-Opening Polymerization and Alternative Approaches. Polymers, 15(4), 955.
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Publication 2023
1H NMR Argon Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Dowex Esters Hydrogen Methanol Phosphonates Pressure Resins, Plant
5
Synthesizing Functional Polymeric Materials
All reagents used in this study were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Quentin Fallavier, France) unless otherwise noted. 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid (bis-MPA, 98%), p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA.H2O, >98.5%), 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP, 99%), Dowex®50WX8 hydrogen form (50–100 mesh), ethyl chloroformate (97%), 8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU, 98%), benzoic acid (99.5%), acetone (99.9%), dichloromethane (DCM, 99.5%), tetrahydrofuran (THF, 99.9%), diethyl ether (99%), methanol (CH3OH, 99.8%), water (HPLC grade), N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF, 99.9%), diethyl (3-bromopropyl)phosphonate (95%), copper(I) bromide (CuBr, 98%), N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA, 99%), sodium azide (NaN3, 99%), and dimethyl (2-hydroxyethyl)phosphonate (95%) were purchased from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium). 2,2-dimethoxypropane (>98%), N,N’-dicyclohexyldicarbodiimide (DCC, >98%), and triethylamine (TEA, >99%) were purchased from TCI (Zwijndrecht, Belgium). Benzyl alcohol (BnOH, 99%, Alfa Aesar, Karlsruhe, Germany) and dialysis membrane (Standard RC, 3500 Da, Spectrum Laboratories, Racho Dominguez, CA, USA) were used as received. 1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-cyclohexylthiourea (TU) and 5-methyl-5-propargylxycarbonyl-1,3-dioxane-2-one (MPC) were synthesized according to the literature procedures [19 (link),20 (link),21 (link)].
Ho H.T., Nguyen N.H., Rollet M., Phan T.N, & Gigmes D. (2023). Phosphonate-Functionalized Polycarbonates Synthesis through Ring-Opening Polymerization and Alternative Approaches. Polymers, 15(4), 955.
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Publication 2023
1,3,6,8-pyrene tetrasulfonate 4-toluenesulfonic acid Acetone Benzoic Acid Benzyl Alcohol Bromides Copper Dialysis Dimethylformamide dioxane Dowex ethyl chloroformate Ethyl Ether High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Hydrogen Methanol Methylene Chloride Phosphonates propionic acid pyridine Sodium Azide tetrahydrofuran Tissue, Membrane triethylamine

Top products related to «Phosphonates»

1
Ethocel n 10 by Dow
Ethocel N-10 is a cellulose ether product manufactured by Dow. It is a thermoplastic polymer used as a binder and film-forming agent in various industrial applications.
2
Ethylene glycol by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, India, Spain, China, Sao Tome and Principe, Canada, Italy, Switzerland, France, Singapore, Poland, Sweden, Belgium, Ireland, Japan
Ethylene glycol is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is commonly used in various industrial applications. It serves as an important component in the manufacture of antifreeze, coolant, and de-icing solutions. Ethylene glycol is also utilized as a solvent and as a raw material in the production of polyester fibers and resins.
3
2 o pivaloyloxymethyl phosphoramidite monomers by Chemgenes
Sourced in United States
2' O-pivaloyloxymethyl phosphoramidite monomers are a type of laboratory reagent used in the synthesis of oligonucleotides. They serve as building blocks for the construction of RNA and DNA molecules during automated solid-phase synthesis.
4
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) by Merck Group
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DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.
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Ethanol by Merck Group
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Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid chemical compound commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a key component in various scientific applications, serving as a solvent, disinfectant, and fuel source. Ethanol has a molecular formula of C2H6O and a range of industrial and research uses.
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μbondasphere 5 μm c18 column by Waters Corporation
The μBondasphere 5 μm C18 column is a reversed-phase liquid chromatography column designed for analytical separations. The column features a 5 μm particle size and a C18 bonded phase, providing efficient and reliable chromatographic performance.
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Filter discs by BD
Filter discs are circular pieces of porous material used to separate substances from liquids or gases. They are designed to capture and retain particulates and impurities, allowing the desired substance to pass through. The core function of filter discs is to facilitate filtration processes in various laboratory and industrial applications.
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Sp 650s column by Tosoh
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More about "Phosphonates"

Phosphorus-containing organic compounds, known as phosphonates, are a versatile class of molecules with diverse applications in various fields.
These compounds feature a phosphorus atom directly bonded to one or more carbon atoms, granting them unique properties and functionalities.
Phosphonates exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including antimicrobial, antitumor, and enzyme inhibitory properties.
They are also utilized as chelating agents, surfactants, and flame retardants, showcasing their versatility beyond the realm of medicinal chemistry.
Researchers can leverage the power of PubCompare.ai, a leading AI platform, to optimize their phosphonate research.
This advanced tool effortlessly locates the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, enhancing research efficiency and identifying the optimal products with ease.
Ethocel N-10, a polymer derived from ethylene glycol, and 2' O-pivaloyloxymethyl phosphoramidite monomers are examples of compounds that may be utilized in phosphonate research.
Additionally, DMSO and ethanol are common solvents employed in various phosphonate-related applications.
Chromatographic techniques, such as the use of μBondasphere 5 μm C18 columns, ρBondasphere 5 μm C18 columns, and SP 650S columns, are often employed in the analysis and purification of phosphonate-based compounds.
Experiance the future of protocol optimization today and unlock the full potential of phosphonate research.
Discover the power of PubCompare.ai and enhance your research efficiency with this cutting-edge AI platform.