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PL 100

PL 100: A numerical code used to represent a specific combination of pharmacological and therapeutic information in the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS).
This code is associated with a broad range of medical and pharmaceutical data, including drug names, therapeutic uses, and pharmacological properties.
The PL 100 code provides a standardized way to organize and access this information, facilitating research, drug development, and clinical decision-making.
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Most cited protocols related to «PL 100»

Cells were generally imaged 48–72 h after transfection with a Leica TSC SP5 inverted confocal microscope, using either a HCX PL APO 63X/numerical aperture 1.40–0.60 or a HCX PL APO ×100/numerical aperture 1.4 oil-immersion objective. Images were acquired by using the Leica AS software. To count ER–mitochondria contacts, a complete z-stack of the cell was acquired every 0.29 µm. Z-stacks were processed using Fiji [64 (link)]: images were first convolved, and then filtered using the Gaussian Blur filter. A 3D reconstruction of the resulting image was obtained using the Volume J plugin (http://bij.isi.uu.nl/vr.htm). A selected face of the 3D rendering was then thresholded and used to count ER–mitochondria contact sites.
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Publication 2017
Cells Face Microscopy, Confocal Mitochondria PL 100 Submersion Transfection
To localize γ-tubulin in vivo, log phase cells from strain tG2N-HA or cTTMG-HA were processed for immunofluorescent labeling as described (Gaertig et al., 1995 (link)). HA antibody (16B12) was used at a 1:1,000 dilution. Secondary antibodies were goat anti–mouse FITC (Sigma-Aldrich) at a 1:200 dilution or Alexa fluor 568 goat anti–mouse IgG (Molecular Probes) at a 1:500 dilution. DAPI (4′, 6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole) was used for DNA staining at 100 ng/ml. To study the effects of γ-tubulin depletion on BBs, GTU1 knockout heterokaryon progeny or cTTMG-HA cells in CdCl2-free SPP medium were stained with anti-centrin monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies, provided by Dr. Jeffrey L. Salisbury (Mayo Clinic Foundation, Rochester, NY). Anti-glutamic acid polyclonal antibody (R-polyE), a rabbit antibody raised commercially (Alpha Diagnostic International) against a Cys (Glu)9 peptide coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin, was used to stain BBs and cilia. MT structures were stained with anti–α-tubulin antibodies (DM1A; Sigma-Aldrich). All antibodies were used at a 1:1,000 dilution. Anti-TFKBP12 polyclonal antibody, provided by Dr. Osamu Numata (University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan) was used to stain the TFKBP12 (Tetrahymena thermophila FK506 binding protein of 12 kD) at a 1:250 dilution. Secondary antibodies were goat anti–mouse FITC (Zymed Laboratories, Inc.), goat anti–rabbit rhodamine (Zymed), and goat anti–rabbit FITC (Sigma) at 1:200 dilutions. To stain kinetodesmal fibers (KF, also known as striated rootlets), 2–5 × 105 depleted cells were placed on ice for 5 min, fixed in 35% EtOH/0.12% Triton X-100 on ice for 30 min, washed with cold TBS twice (Nelsen et al., 1994 (link)), and stained with mAb FI-5D8 (Jerka-Dziadosz et al., 1995 (link)) provided by Dr. Joseph Frankel (University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA). Secondary antibodies, Alexa fluor 568 goat anti–mouse IgG (Molecular Probes) and goat anti–rabbit FITC (Sigma-Aldrich), were used at a 1:500 or 1:250 dilution, respectively. Four to eight stacked images of cell were obtained using a Leica TCS SP confocal microscope (PL Apo 100× lens, N.A. 1.4, and 1.8× zoom).
Publication 2002
alexa 568 alpha-Tubulin Anti-Antibodies anti-IgG Antibodies Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Cells Chloride, Cadmium Cilia Common Cold Cultured Cells DAPI Diagnosis Ethanol Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescent Antibody Technique Goat Immunoglobulins keyhole-limpet hemocyanin Lens, Crystalline Microscopy, Confocal Molecular Probes Mus Peptides PL 100 Rabbits Rhodamine Tacrolimus Binding Proteins Technique, Dilution Tetrahymena thermophila Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination Triton X-100 Tubulin
Chromosome spreads and immunofluorescence were performed as described by Sym et al. (1993) (link). Except as noted, spreads were prepared 15 h after transfer to sporulation medium. Anti-Red1 and anti-Hop1 antibodies were used at a 1:100 dilution. The rabbit anti-Zip1 antibody was diluted 1:100, and the mouse anti-Zip1 antibody (from P. Moens) was diluted 1:1,000. The mouse anti-nucleolus antibody (monoclonal antibody 2.3b; from C. Copeland, H. Friedman, J. Woolford, and M. Snyder) was diluted 1:5. The rabbit anti-Histone2B antibody (from A. Carmen and M. Grunstein) was used at 1:500. Rabbit antibodies were detected with goat anti–rabbit antibodies conjugated to Texas red (Jackson ImmunoResearch Labs, West Grove, PA) diluted 1:200. Mouse antibodies were detected with goat anti–mouse antibodies conjugated to FITC (Jackson ImmunoResearch) diluted 1:200. After antibody staining, spreads were stained with 1 μg/ml 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) to visualize the DNA. A Leitz DMRB microscope equipped with fluorescence and a PL APO 100× objective was used to observe antibody-stained preparations. Images were captured using a Photometrics Imagepoint CCD camera.
Time course analysis of meiotic prophase progression was carried out as follows. Strain BR2495 was grown to saturation overnight at 30°C in rich medium (YPAD; Sherman et al. [1986]). The culture was diluted 1:1 into fresh YPAD and incubated with shaking for 8 h at 30°C. Cells from 10 ml of culture were then washed once with H2O and resuspended in 100 ml of 2% KAc and placed in a one-liter flask and shaken at 250 rpm at 30°C. At 1-h intervals, starting 10 h after transfer to 2% KAc, 10 ml of culture were removed and used to prepare spread chromosomes on each of the four slides. The spreading procedure required 40 min after the removal of cells from KAc. The times given in the text and figure legends indicate when the spreading procedure was initiated. At each time point, two slides were used for double labeling Red1 and Zip1; one was used for double labeling Red1 and Hop1, and one was used for double labeling Hop1 and Zip1.
DNase I digestion of meiotic spreads was carried out as follows. Wildtype spreads from BR2495 were prepared 15 h after transfer to KAc. Spreads were then incubated for 1 h at 37°C in 100 U/ml DNase I (Boehringer Mannheim) in 50 mM Tris (pH 7.5), 10 mM MnCl2, and 50 μg/ml BSA. Control spreads were incubated in buffer lacking DNase I. Subsequent antibody incubations were performed as described above.
Publication 1997
Anti-Antibodies Antibodies Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Buffers Cell Culture Techniques Cell Nucleolus Cells Chromosomes Deoxyribonuclease I Deoxyribonucleases Digestion Disease Progression Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescence Fluorescent Antibody Technique Goat Immunoglobulins manganese chloride Mice, House Microscopy Miotics Monoclonal Antibodies PL 100 Rabbits Strains Technique, Dilution Tromethamine
HeLa cells were plated in a 4-compartment glass-bottom petri dish (CELLView, Greiner Bio-One) and fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 20 min in phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS). After permeabilization with 0.1% Triton in PBS (PBS/Tx) twice for 10 min, the primary antibody (anti-β-tubulin monoclonal (1Tub-2A2, in house IGBMC) was used as mouse ascites fluid diluted 500× in PBS/Tx; RNA Pol II monoclonal antibody (1PB-7C2, in house IGBMC), directed against the CTD of the largest subunit of RNA Pol II (RPB I) was used as a purified IgG at 5 μg/ml in PBS/Tx; histone H2B monoclonal antibody (LG11-2) was used as a 500× dilution of mouse ascites fluid in PBS/Tx) was incubated overnight at 4 °C. The sample was then washed with PBS/Tx three times over 2 hours, and the secondary antibody (goat anti-mouse Alexa Fluor-647 or Alexa Fluor-555 conjugated, Invitrogen) in dilution 4 μg/ml in PBS/Tx was incubated for 2 hours at room temperature. Subsequently, the cells were washed in PBS/Tx three times for 2 hours, then briefly three times in PBS. For the TPR sample, cells were cultured on coverslips and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 min, permeabilized in 0.5% Triton for 10 min, blocked in 1% BSA for 30 min, and incubated with primary antibodies (TPR rabbit polyclonal antibody, Abcam, ab84516) for 1h and with secondary antibodies (goat anti-rabbit Alexa Fluor-647) for 45 min14 (link). The double-labelled β-tubulin sample was mounted in an imaging buffer31 (link) that contained 20% of Vectashield (Vector Laboratories), 70% of 2,2′-thiodiethanol (also known as thiodiglycol or TDE) and 10% of PBS 10× (the measured refractive index of this mounting medium is 1.491). The H2B/RNA Pol II, the TPR and the β-tubulin sample used for Fig. 1 were mounted in a PBS buffer with addition of 10 mM of cysteamine (also known as β-mercaptoethylamine or MEA) and 25 mM of HEPES (pH 7.5).
The super-resolution experiments were performed on a Leica SR GSD system built on a base of DMI6000 B inverted wide-field microscope. We used the HCX PL APO 100×/1.47 Oil CORR TIRF PIFOC objective with a 1.6× magnification lens that provides an equivalent pixel size of 100 nm on the Andor iXon3 DU-897U-CS0-#BV EMCCD camera with a field of view of 18 × 18 μm in super-resolution mode. Continuous wave fiber lasers (MPBC Inc., 488 nm 300 mW, 532 nm 1000 mW, 642 nm 500 mW) and a diode laser (405 nm 30 mW) were utilized for excitation. The microscope is also equipped with a suppressed motion (SuMo) sample stage, which reduces drift but does not eliminate it (typical values 20–50 nm over 10 min). The residual drift was corrected by data processing (see below).
The samples were first illuminated with the 100% power of the appropriate laser to quickly send the fluorophores into the dark state. The acquisition started after beginning of observation of single-fluorophore events (“blinking”) that corresponded to the drop of the correlation value of consecutive frames to approximately 0.2 in the corresponding wizard in the LAS AF software. The time of exposition of a frame was 6.34 ms (H2B and RNA Pol II data) or 50 ms (β-tubulin and TPR data); the electron multiplying gain of the camera was 300 for H2B, RNA Pol II, TPR, 150 for β-tubulin-Alexa 647 and 63 for β-tubulin-Alexa 555; the laser power during the acquisition was 30% (H2B), 50% (TPR) or 100% (RNA Pol II and β-tubulin). After a few minutes, as the number of blinking evens dropped, the sample started to be illuminated additionally by a 405 nm laser with gradual increase of its intensity in order to keep a nearly constant rate of single-molecular returns into the ground state. The acquisition was stopped after almost complete bleaching of the fluorophore.
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Publication 2016
2,2'-thiodiethanol Alexa Fluor 555 Alexa Fluor 647 Antibodies Ascitic Fluid Cells Cloning Vectors Continuous Wave Lasers Electrons Fibrosis Formaldehyde Goat HeLa Cells HEPES Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Immunoglobulins Lasers, Semiconductor Lens, Crystalline Microscopy Monoclonal Antibodies Mus paraform Phosphates PL 100 Rabbits Reading Frames RNA Polymerase II RNA polymerase II largest subunit Saline Solution Technique, Dilution Tubulin
HeLa cells were cultured on #1.5 coverslips. After 24 hours cells were transiently transfected using PolyEthylene Imine (PEI) using 1 μg of DNA and 3 μg of PEI per well on a 6-well plate, with a plasmid bearing LifeAct tagged with the yellow fluorescent protein variant Venus. After 24 hours cells were washed briefly with PBS and fixed with PFA for 10 min at room temperature. Samples were extensively washed with PBS and imaged in the presence of PBS.
Imaging of the samples was carried out on a Leica SR-GSD microscope. Images were taken in TIRF mode at 100 frames per second. The setup consisted of the following components: an inverted microscope (DMI6000 B, Leica Microsystems GmbH), a 1.47-NA TIRF objective (HCX PL APO 100× NA 1.47), a tube lens providing an extra factor of 1.6× in magnification, a488-nm fiber laser (2RU-VFL-P-300-488), a 532-nm fiber laser (2RU-VFL-P-1000-532-B1R, MPB Communications), a 642-nm fiber laser (2RU-VFL-P-1000-642-B1R, MPB Communications) and an EMCCD camera (iXon DU-897, Andor) with an effective EM gain of 148. Images were taken in TIRF mode at 100 frames per second for ~5100 time frames, giving a total measurement time of about 1 min for each color. Colors were imaged in decreasing wavelength order. The filter cube (642HP-T) for imaging with the 642-nm laser consisted of an excitation filter (zet405/642x), a dichroic mirror (t405/642rpc) and emission filters (et710 100lp and ET650LP). The epifluorescence filter cube (532HP-T) for imaging with the 532-nm laser consisted of an excitation filter (zet405/532x), a dichroic mirror (t405/532rpc) and emission filters (et600/100 m and ET550LP). Pixel size in the image was 93.11 nm.
Publication 2014
Cells Fibrosis HeLa Cells Lens, Crystalline Microscopy Mutant Proteins PL 100 Plasmids poly(ethylene imine) Reading Frames

Most recents protocols related to «PL 100»

To knockout the gene of interest, a 10–20 pL mixture of 100 ng/µL sgRNA and 200 ng/µL BE3 mRNA were microinjected into putative zygotes 10 h after IVF by using a micromanipulator (TransferMan, Eppendorf, Germany). In the control group, embryos were injected with the same amount of BE3 mRNA without sgRNA. To maximize the editing efficiency of the gene of interest, a cocktail of two or three sgRNAs was microinjected together with BE3 mRNA. Each sgRNA was kept at the same concentration (100 ng/µL).
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Publication 2023
Embryo Genes PL 100 RNA, Messenger Zygote
Mice were treated by intrascrotal injection of 500 ng TNF-α (R&D Systems) 2 hours prior to microscopy, anesthetized, and prepared for intravital microscopy, as described (60 (link)). Movies from cremasteric postcapillary venules ranging from 20 to 40 μm in diameter were recorded using BX51WI microscope (Olympus) with a water immersion objective ×40, 0.80 NA, and an Olympus charge-coupled device camera (CF8/1, Kappa). Blood samples were taken after the experiments, and WBC and neutrophil counts were determined using ProCyte Dx Hematology Analyzer (IDEXX). Rolling velocity and leukocyte adhesion efficiency (number of adherent cells/mm2 divided by the systemic neutrophil count) were calculated on the basis of the recorded movies using Fiji software (61 (link)). Afterward, cremaster muscles were fixed with 4% PFA (AppliChem) and stained using Giemsa (MilliporeSigma). The number of perivascular cells/mm2 was calculated with a Leica DM2500 microscope equipped with a DMC2900 CMOS camera and an HCX PL APO 100×/1.40 Oil Ph3.
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Publication 2023
BLOOD Chronic multifocal osteomyelitis Cremaster Muscle Intravital Microscopy Leukocytes Medical Devices Microscopy Mus Neutrophil PL 100 Stain, Giemsa Submersion Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Venules
Fluorescence-labeled probes for TMEM244 and GAPDH RNA were designed and synthesized, and FISH experiments were performed according to the manufacturer’s protocol, using the Stellaris™ FISH technology kit (Biosearch Technologies, Hoddesdon, UK). Twenty Quasar® 570-labeled probes for the TMEM244 transcript were designed using Stellaris® Probe Designer version 4.2 (LGC Biosearch Technologies, Berlin, Germany). The nuclei were stained with DAPI, and Human GAPDH with the Quasar® 570 Dye Stellaris® FISH Probe was used as a cytoplasmic marker (Figure S3). Images were acquired using a Leica DMI8 laser-scanning confocal microscope (Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany). Cells were imaged with an HC PL APO CS2 100×/1.40 oil objective lens and processed using Leica Application Suite X software (Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany). All samples were imaged under the same optical conditions.
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Publication 2023
Cell Nucleus Cells Cytoplasm DAPI Fishes Fluorescent Probes GAPDH protein, human Homo sapiens Laser Scanning Microscopy Lens, Crystalline PL 100
Tardigrades were sandwiched between cover glasses for observation. Polystyrene particles were sometimes used to maintain the distance between the glasses. The bright field and fluorescence images were obtained using an IX73 inverted microscope with a DP74 camera adapter (Evident (Olympus)). LUCPLFLN 20X PH and LUCPLFLN 40X PH lenses (Evident (Olympus)) were used. For observation of GCaMP6s and subcellular localization, a TCS SP8 confocal laser scanning microscope (Leica Microsystems) equipped with HC PL APO CS2 20×/0.75, HC PL APO CS2 63×/1.20, and HC PL APO CS2 100×/1.40 objectives (Leica Microsystems) was used. Images were analyzed with ImageJ2 and Fiji.
Publication 2023
Eyeglasses Fluorescence Lens, Crystalline Microscopy Microscopy, Confocal PL 100 Polystyrenes
Series of multiple confocal or STED images at different pinhole size were acquired using the frame-sequential acquisition17 (link). The values of pinhole size were set as specified. The excitation power was kept constant unless specified otherwise. The number of line averaging was kept constant unless specified otherwise.
Confocal images were acquired on a Leica TCS SP8 confocal microscope, using an HCX PL APO CS2 63 × 1.40 NA oil immersion objective lens (Leica Microsystems, Mannheim, Germany). Tetraspeck fluorescent spheres with a size of 200 nm (TetraSpeck Fluorescent Microspheres Size Kit, ThermoFisher) were excited at 488 nm and their fluorescence emission was detected at 500–550 nm. TO-PRO-3 was excited at 633 nm and its fluorescence emission was detected at 640–700 nm using a hybrid detector (Leica Microsystems). CellMask Orange was excited at 561 nm and its fluorescence emission was detected at 565–650 nm using a hybrid detector (Leica Microsystems).
STED images were acquired on a Leica Stellaris 8 Tau-STED microscope, using an HC PL APO CS2 100 × 1.40 NA oil immersion objective lens (Leica Microsystems, Mannheim, Germany). Stimulated emission depletion was accomplished with a 775 nm STED laser. A white light laser provided excitation at the desired wavelength for each sample. Excitation wavelengths/emission bandwidths were the following: Atto647N (646, 651-720). 1024 × 1024 pixel images were acquired with a pixel size of 19 nm.
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Publication 2023
Fluorescence Hybrids Immersion Lens, Crystalline Light Microscopy Microscopy, Confocal Microspheres PL 100 Reading Frames

Top products related to «PL 100»

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The HyD hybrid detector is a high-performance photodetector designed for fluorescence microscopy applications. It combines the benefits of photomultiplier tubes and silicon photodiodes to provide enhanced sensitivity, low noise, and fast response times. The HyD detector is capable of detecting single photon events and offers a wide dynamic range, making it suitable for a variety of advanced imaging techniques.
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The Leica TCS SP8 STED 3X microscope is a high-performance confocal laser scanning microscope that incorporates Super-Resolution Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) technology. The core function of this microscope is to provide researchers with the ability to achieve super-resolution imaging beyond the diffraction limit of conventional light microscopy.
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LAS AF software is a comprehensive imaging and analysis software designed for Leica microscopes. It provides a user-friendly interface for acquiring, processing, and analyzing images captured with Leica microscope systems.
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The Leica TCS SP8 STED 3× microscope is a high-performance confocal laser scanning microscope that incorporates STED (Stimulated Emission Depletion) technology. It is capable of achieving super-resolution imaging beyond the diffraction limit of light.
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ProLong Gold is a mounting medium designed for preserving and protecting fluorescent signals in microscopy samples. It is a water-based, glycerol-based formulation that helps to reduce photobleaching and maintain the integrity of fluorescent proteins and dyes.
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The Leica TCS SP8 is a confocal laser scanning microscope designed for advanced imaging applications. It features a modular design, allowing for customization to meet specific research needs. The TCS SP8 provides high-resolution, multi-dimensional imaging capabilities, enabling users to capture detailed, real-time observations of biological samples.
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The Leica DMI 6000 B is an inverse microscope designed for a variety of applications. It features a modular design, allowing for customization to meet specific research needs. The microscope's core function is to provide high-quality imaging and analysis capabilities for a range of sample types.
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The DMI6000 is an inverted microscope developed by Leica. It is designed for a wide range of applications in research and industrial laboratories. The core function of the DMI6000 is to provide high-quality optical imaging and analysis capabilities for users.
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The DMI6000B is a high-performance inverted research microscope designed for advanced microscopy applications. It features a modular design and a wide range of accessories to support various imaging techniques, such as brightfield, phase contrast, and fluorescence microscopy.
The HCX PL APO ×100 is a high-magnification lens designed for Leica microscopes. It provides a 100x magnification, with a numerical aperture of 1.40 and a working distance of 0.13 mm. The lens is made of high-quality optical materials and is optimized for use in a wide range of microscopy applications.

More about "PL 100"

PL 100 is a numerical code used within the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) to represent a specific combination of pharmacological and therapeutic information.
This standardized code is associated with a wide range of medical and pharmaceutical data, including drug names, therapeutic uses, and pharmacological properties.
By utilizing this coding system, researchers, drug developers, and clinicians can more efficiently access and organize this crucial information, facilitating data-driven decision-making and enhancing research protocols.
The PubCompare.ai platform leverages advanced AI capabilities to help optimize research protocols.
By identifying the best products and protocols from the literature, preprints, and patents, researchers can improve reproducibility and accuracy through data-driven insights.
This AI-driven approach unlocks the power of PL 100 and other UMLS codes, empowering researchers to make more informed decisions and drive innovation.
Complementary technologies, such as the HyD hybrid detector, TCS SP8 STED 3X microscope, and LAS AF software, can further enhance the research process.
The TCS SP8 STED 3× microscope, for example, provides high-resolution imaging capabilities, while ProLong Gold and the Leica DMI 6000 B inverse microscope (DMI6000, DMI6000B) offer advanced imaging solutions.
By integrating these technologies with the insights gained from PL 100 and other UMLS codes, researchers can elevate their workflow and unlock new possibilities in their field of study.