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Potassium bicarbonate

Potassium bicarbonate is an important chemical compound with a wide range of applications in scientific research and clinical settings.
It is a colorless, crystalline salt that dissociates in water to form potassium and bicarbonate ions.
Potassium bicarbonate has been studied for its potential to optimize various research protocols, and PubCompare.ai provides a powerful AI-driven platform to explore the existing literature, pre-prints, and patents related to its use.
By leveraging this platform, researchers can compare different protocols and products, guiding them to the most effective and efficient approaches.
Whether you're exploring the latest advancements in potassium bicarbonate optimization or seeking to enhance your scientific workflow, PubCompare.ai offers a futuristic, typo-free solution to accelerate your discoveries.

Most cited protocols related to «Potassium bicarbonate»

This investigation was performed in the CPCCRN of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (8 (link)). Detailed methods for the TOPICC data collection have been previously described (6 (link)). There were seven sites, and one was composed of two institutions. In brief, patients from newborn to less than 18 years were randomly selected and stratified by hospital from December 4, 2011, to April 7, 2013. Patients from both general/medical and cardiac/cardiovascular PICUs were included. Moribund patients (vital signs incompatible with life for the first 2 hr after PICU admission) were excluded. Only the first PICU admission during hospitalization was included. The protocol was approved by all participating institutional review boards. Other analyses using this database have been published (6 (link), 7 (link), 9 (link), 10 (link)).
Data included descriptive and demographic information (Table 1). Interventions included both surgery and interventional catheterization. Cardiac arrest included closed chest massage within 24 hours before hospitalization or after hospital admission but before PICU admission. Admission source was classified as emergency department, inpatient unit, postintervention unit, or admission from another institution. Diagnosis was classified by the system of primary dysfunction based on the reason for PICU admission; cardiovascular conditions were classified as congenital or acquired.
The primary outcome in this analysis was hospital survival versus death.
Physiologic status was measured using the PRISM physiologic variables (5 (link)) with a shortened time interval (2 hr before PICU admission to 4 hr after admission for laboratory data and the first 4 hr of PICU care for other physiologic variables). For model building, the PRISM components were separated into cardiovascular (heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and temperature), neurologic (pupillary reactivity and mental status), respiratory (arterial Po2, pH, Pco2, and total bicarbonate), chemical (glucose, potassium, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine), and hematologic (WBC count, platelet count, prothrombin, and partial thromboplastin time) components, and the total PRISM was also separated into neurologic and non-neurologic categories.
The time interval for assessing PRISM data was modified for cardiac patients under 91 days old because some institutions admit infants to the PICU before a cardiac intervention to “optimize” the clinical status but not for intensive care; in these cases, the postintervention period more accurately reflects intensive care. However, in other infants for whom the cardiac intervention is delayed after PICU admission or the intervention is a therapy required because of failed medical management of the acute condition, the routine PRISM data collection time interval is an appropriate reflection of critical illness. Therefore, we identified infants for whom it would be more appropriate to use data from the 4 hours after the cardiac intervention (postintervention time interval) and those for whom using the admission time interval was more appropriate. We operationalized this decision on the conditions likely to present within the first 90 days, the time period when the vast majority of these conditions present (Table 2).
Statistical analyses used SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) for descriptive statistics, model development, and fit assessment and R 3.1.1 (The R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria; http://www.wu.ac.at/statmath) for evaluation of predictive ability. Patient characteristics were descriptively compared and evaluated across sites using the Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables and the Pearson chi-square test for categorical variables. The statistical analysis was under the direction of R.H.
The dataset was randomly divided into a derivation set (75%) for model building and a validation set (25%) stratified by the study site. Univariate mortality odds ratios were computed, and variables with a significance level of less than 0.1 were considered candidate predictors for the final model. As was the case for the previously published trichotomous (death, survival with significant new morbidity, and intact survival) model construction, a nonautomated (examined by biostatistician and clinician at each step) backward stepwise selection approach was used to select factors. Multicategorical factors (e.g., diagnostic categories) had factors combined when appropriate per statistical and clinical criteria. Clinician input was included (and paramount) in this process to ensure that the model fit was relevant and consistent with clinical information. Construction of a clinically relevant, sufficiently predictive model using predictors readily available to the clinician took precedence over inclusion based solely on statistical significance. We were cognizant of the existing trichotomous outcome model and attempted, when statistically justified, to create a compatible two-outcome model that could aid in a smooth transition to using the three-outcome approach.
Final candidate models were evaluated based on 2D receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (discrimination) and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit (calibration). For the entire dataset, goodness of fit with respect to key subgroups was assessed by examining SMRs for descriptive and diagnostic categories not used in the final model. Only categories with at least 10 outcomes in observed and expected cells were used.
Publication 2016
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Arteries Bicarbonates Cardiac Arrest Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Catheterization Cells Chest Creatinine Critical Illness Diagnosis Discrimination, Psychology Disease Management Ethics Committees, Research Glucose Heart Hospitalization Infant Infant, Newborn Inpatient Intensive Care Massage Operative Surgical Procedures Patients physiology Platelet Counts, Blood Potassium prisma Prothrombin Rate, Heart Reflex Respiratory Diaphragm Respiratory Rate Signs, Vital Systems, Nervous Systolic Pressure Therapeutics Urea Nitrogen, Blood
The study was conducted at Mitra Masyarakat Hospital in Timika, Papua, Indonesia, a region with unstable transmission of both Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax (52 (link)). Three groups of adults ≥18 yr old were enrolled from the emergency department or outpatient clinic and differentiated as follows: (a) MSM, defined as fever or history of fever in the past 48 h, with >1,000 asexual P. falciparum parasites per microliter (a parasitemia threshold predicting clinical disease in Papua) (53 (link)), no other etiology identified, and requiring inpatient parenteral therapy because of the inability to tolerate oral therapy (54 (link)) but exhibiting no World Health Organization (WHO) warning signs or criteria for SM (22 (link)); (b) SM, defined as the presence of P. falciparum parasitaemia and ≥1 modified WHO criteria of severity (22 (link), 43 (link)), a Glasgow coma score <11, renal failure (creatinine >265 μmol/liter after rehydration or urine output of <400 ml per 24 h), hyperbilirubinaemia (total bilirubin >50 μmol/liter) with either renal impairment (creatinine >130 μmol/liter) or parasitaemia (>100,000 parasites per microliter), blackwater fever, hypoglycemia (whole blood glucose <2.2 mmol/liter), respiratory distress (respiratory rate >32 breaths/min), acidosis (venous bicarbonate <15 mmol/liter), shock (systolic blood pressure <80 mmHg after fluid resuscitation with cold peripheries), and/or hyperparasitaemia (>10% parasitized red cells); and (c) HC, defined as unrelated hospital visitors, subjectively well with no history of fever in the preceding 48 h, no parasitaemia, no concurrent illness or medication, and not having smoked within the preceding 12 h. Exclusion criteria included the following: pregnant or breastfeeding women; patients treated with parenteral antimalarials for >18 h; mixed P. falciparum/P. vivax infections; diabetes; known cardiac, renal, or hepatic disease; concurrent infection; concurrent medication; hemoglobin <60g/liter; and among MSM, those with systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg, a baseline venous bicarbonate level <20 mmol/liter, potassium ≥4.2 mmol/liter, glucose <4 mmol/liter, or chloride >106 mmol/liter. 20 patients with SM were initially randomized to either intravenous quinine or artesunate as part of a multicenter clinical trial (1 (link)) . Based on the results of the study and an ensuing national policy change, all patients subsequently received intravenous artesunate. Individuals with MSM were treated with intravenous quinine in accordance with national guidelines. Both groups also received doxycycline or clindamycin. Supportive care, including antibiotics and fluid administration, was provided at the discretion of the treating physicians, who were independent of the study.
Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committees of the National Institute of Health Research and Development, (Indonesia) and the Menzies School of Health Research (Australia). Written informed consent was obtained from patients or attending relatives in Indonesian or a local language, when necessary.
Publication 2007
Mice were divided in six groups of six mice. Colonization was achieved by intragastric gavage with 200 μl of inoculum once per day for three consecutive days. The experimental design and the different groups are summarized in Figure 1A. The control group was comprised of 3-week old SPF mice (SPF3w) gavaged with Ringer’s solution containing L-cysteine. A group of 3-week old and a group of 8-week old SPF mice were inoculated without prior treatment and were respectively designated as SPF 3-week recipients (SPF3w-r) and SPF 8-week recipients (SPF8w-r). A group of 3-week old SPF mice was subjected to a bowel cleansing with 1.2 ml of PEG solution before the inoculation of Lepob fecal microbiota and is later referred as PEG-recipients (PEG-r). PEG solution contained PEG 3350 (77.5 g/L), sodium chloride (1.9 g/L), sodium sulfate (7.4 g/L), potassium chloride (0.98 g/L) and sodium bicarbonate (2.2 g/L) diluted in sterile tap water and was divided in five equal doses that were administered by oral gavage at 30 min intervals after a 2 h fast. Lepob fecal microbiota transfer was performed 6 h after the last PEG administration. The endogenous intestinal microbiota of a last group of 3-week old SPF mice was depleted by gavage with broad spectrum antibiotics over 7 days (Reikvam et al., 2011 (link)). The antibiotics solution consisted of ampicillin, neomycin, metronidazole and vancomycin diluted in sterile water. Mice received 200 mg/kg of ampicillin, neomycin and metronidazole and 100 mg/kg of vancomycin once a day. After 7 days, the residual luminal microbiota and the antibiotics were flushed out using 1.5 ml of PEG solution. The PEG solution and the inoculum were prepared and administered as previously described and provided 24 h after the last antibiotics gavage. This group is later referred as antibiotics and PEG-treated recipients (AbxPEG-r). Eight-week old GF mice were inoculated with Lepob fecal microbiota immediately after the opening of their sterile shipping container. This group is later referred as Germ-Free-recipients (GF-r). Mice were transferred into clean cages several times over the course of bowel cleansing treatment and Lepob fecal microbiota administration.
Publication 2018
Ampicillin Antibiotics, Antitubercular Bicarbonate, Sodium Cysteine Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Feces Intestinal Microbiome Intestines Metronidazole Mice, House Neomycin Phenobarbital polyethylene glycol 300 polyethylene glycol 3350 Potassium Chloride Ringer's Solution Sodium Chloride sodium sulfate Sterility, Reproductive Tube Feeding Vaccination Vancomycin

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Publication 2016
Antibodies Brain Buffers CD44 protein, human Cells Chloride, Ammonium Edetic Acid Erythrocytes Immunoglobulins Lymphocyte potassium bicarbonate prisma SELL protein, human Sodium Azide Technique, Dilution Tetrameres
Initial in vitro screening of the enzyme activity against (−)-cocaine was carried out by using a single concentration (1 mM) of (−)-cocaine, assuming that KM << 1 mM such that the enzyme was always saturated by 1 mM (−)-cocaine and the maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) was reached for a given concentration [E] of the enzyme. Vmax = kcat[E]. The relative concentrations of the enzymes were determined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)26 (link),52 (link) described below. The ELISA buffers used in the present study are the same as those described in literature.26 (link),52 (link) Specifically, the coating buffer was 0.1 M sodium carbonate/bicarbonate buffer (pH 9.5). The washing buffer (PBS-T) was 0.01 M potassium phosphate monobasic/potassium phosphate monohydrate buffer (pH 7.5) containing 0.05% (vol/vol) Tween 20. The diluent buffer (EIA buffer) was potassium phosphate monobasic/potassium phosphate monohydrate buffer (pH 7.5) containing 0.9% sodium chloride and 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA).
To measure (−)-cocaine and benzoic acid, the product of the enzymatic (−)-cocaine hydrolysis, we used sensitive radiometric assays based on toluene extraction of [3H](−)-cocaine labeled on its benzene ring.24 (link) In brief, to initiate the enzymatic reaction, 100 nCi of [3H](−)-cocaine was mixed with 100 µl of enzyme solution. For Michaelis-Menten kinetic analysis, the enzymatic reactions proceeded at 37°C and pH 8 with varying concentrations of (−)-cocaine. The reactions were stopped by adding 200 µl of 0.05 M HCl, which neutralized the liberated benzoic acid while ensuring a positive charge on the residual (−)-cocaine. [3H]benzoic acid was extracted by 1 ml of toluene and measured by scintillation counting. Finally, the measured (−)-cocaine concentration-dependent radiometric data were analyzed in terms of the standard Michaelis-Menten kinetics so that the catalytic parameters were determined. The enzyme activity assays with [3H]ACh were similar to the assays with [3H](−)-cocaine. The primary difference was that the enzymatic reaction was stopped by addition of 200 µl of 0.2 M HCl containing 2 M NaCl and that the product was [3H]acetic acid for the ACh hydrolysis.
Publication 2014
Acetic Acid Benzene Benzoic Acid Bicarbonate, Sodium Bicarbonates Biological Assay Buffers Carbonates Catalysis Cocaine Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay enzyme activity Enzyme Assays Enzymes Hydrolysis Kinetics M-200 potassium phosphate potassium phosphate, monobasic Radiometry Serum Albumin, Bovine sodium carbonate Sodium Chloride Toluene Tween 20

Most recents protocols related to «Potassium bicarbonate»

All therapies were delivered using Prisma Flex CRRT generators and ST100 filters. Therapies were standardized according to our unit protocol. The filtration dialysis replacement solution is commercially available Hemofiltration Basic Solution 4000 ml (Qingshanlikang). This product does not contain potassium ions, which is conducive to removing excess potassium ions in the body and maintaining average blood potassium concentration. Still, when clinical treatment is necessary, potassium salt should be added according to the patient's blood electrolyte analysis results. Add a 10% potassium chloride injection of 1 ml to each bag (4000 ml) of this product, and the potassium ion concentration will increase by 0.335 mmol/l. After adding potassium salt, this product is used as liquid A and combined with sodium bicarbonate injection (liquid B) for continuous blood purification. Under normal circumstances, each bag of this product (4000 ml) with 5% sodium bicarbonate injection 250 ml, and through the blood purification device into the body, the dosage according to the continuous blood purification time, generally every 3L ~ 4L/hour. When this product is used in combination with 5% sodium bicarbonate injection 250 ml per 4000 ml, the concentration of each component is as follows: 10 mmol/l glucose, 110 mmol/l chloride, 0.75 mmol/l magnesium, 150 mmol/l calcium, 141 mmol/l sodium, 35 mmol/l carbonate.
Publication 2024
Potassium carbonate sesquihydrate
and potassium bicarbonate (both provided by Evonik Functional Solutions
GmbH, > 99% purity) were milled using a Fritsch planetary ball
mill
and sieved into a 50–164 μm fraction. The material was
used without any further modification and stored in airtight containers.
Publication 2024
To examine antimicrobial efficacy, four groups were formed: three that were cleaned using alkaline peroxide cleanser tablets and a control group cleaned by immersion in distilled water (n = 5). The tablets were reprepared daily with distilled water according to the manufacturers’ instructions. The manufacturers and usage details of the tablets are presented in Table 3.

Cleanser tablets used in the study and their ingredients

Cleanser TabletManufacturerContentPreparation adviceContact Time
Corega™

GlaxoSmithKline Healthcare.

Istanbul. Turkey

Sodium bicarbonate. citric acid. potassium monopersulfate. sodium carbonate. sodium carbonate peroxide. TAED. sodium benzoate. PEG-180. sodium lauryl sulfoacetate. sodium perborate monohydrate VP/VA copolymer. flavor. subtilisin1 tablet with 200 ml water15 min
Aktident™

Aktif Dis Ticaret.

Istanbul

Potassium caroate. sodium bicarbonate. citric acid. sodium carbonate. sodium lauryl sulfate. sodium lauryl sulfoacetate. flavor1 tablet with 200 ml water15 min
Protefix™Quiesser Pharma. Flensburg. GermanySodium bicarbonate. Potassium carbonate. Sodium perborate. Citric acid. Sodium lauryl sulfate. Flavor1 tablet with 100 ml water10 min
Publication 2024
Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4·7H2O), calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl2·2H2O), Sodium phosphate dibasic (Na2HPO4), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4), iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), potassium chloride (KCl), potassium hydroxide (KOH), ethanol, Luria-Bertani medium, agarose gel, osmium acid were purchased from Aladdin Industrial Corporation, China. Anhydrophosphoric acid, 4-aminobenzoic acid, hydrochloric acid, glutaraldehyde, acetone, potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) (K3[Fe(CN)6]), sodium acetate were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. China.
Publication 2024
Participants were randomly assigned to sodium citrate or sodium bicarbonate groups (1:1) based on a computer random number generator. Patients in the sodium citrate group received sodium citrate powder 1997 mg/d if serum bicarbonate was 19 to 22 mmol/L or 1997 mg twice daily if serum bicarbonate level was < 18 mmol/L. If serum bicarbonate remained below the target value at the next follow-up, the dose was increased to a maximum of 7988 mg (divided into 3 or 4 intakes per day). Patients from the sodium bicarbonate group received 1 tablet of 600 mg sodium bicarbonate/day if serum bicarbonate was 19 to 22 mmol/L or 600 mg twice daily if serum bicarbonate was under 18 mmol/L. If serum bicarbonate persisted below the target value at the next follow-up, the dose was increased by 1 tablet to a maximum dose of 3600 mg. Patients treated with sodium citrate were instructed to administer the medication at regular intervals by dissolving each sachet (dose) in 200 mL water. They were also instructed on the storage conditions of the sodium citrate sachets (in a cardboard box at room temperature). Patients treated with sodium bicarbonate tablets were instructed to administer the medication at regular intervals after the main meals with a glass of water in 1 or 2 doses, as needed. If the serum bicarbonate level reached 27 to 28 mmol/L, the doses of sodium citrate and sodium bicarbonate were reduced by 50%; if the level was ≥ 29 mmol/L, the medication was discontinued. The doses were changed based on data obtained on the same day.
The study visits were performed monthly, and clinical-biological evaluations were performed at each visit. Clinical assessment consisted of blood pressure measurement, weighing, and adverse event status. Laboratory analyses were performed locally according to the standards of care. The analyzed parameters included complete blood count, serum albumin, urea, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride, acid-base parameters (pH, bicarbonate, and pCO2), and urinary parameters (proteinuria and potassium). eGFR was evaluated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration 2021 formula based on creatinine levels.
Publication 2024

Top products related to «Potassium bicarbonate»

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Sodium bicarbonate is a white, crystalline powder that is commonly used in various laboratory applications. It is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. Sodium bicarbonate is a versatile and widely-used substance in the field of chemistry and biochemistry.
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NaCl is a chemical compound commonly known as sodium chloride. It is a white, crystalline solid that is widely used in various industries, including pharmaceutical and laboratory settings. NaCl's core function is to serve as a basic, inorganic salt that can be used for a variety of applications in the lab environment.
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Potassium chloride (KCl) is an inorganic compound that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is a colorless, crystalline solid with a high melting point. KCl is a popular electrolyte and is used in various laboratory applications.
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Hydrochloric acid is a commonly used laboratory reagent. It is a clear, colorless, and highly corrosive liquid with a pungent odor. Hydrochloric acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride gas.
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Sodium hydroxide is a chemical compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white, odorless, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and is a strong base. It is commonly used in various laboratory applications as a reagent.
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Methanol is a clear, colorless, and flammable liquid that is widely used in various industrial and laboratory applications. It serves as a solvent, fuel, and chemical intermediate. Methanol has a simple chemical formula of CH3OH and a boiling point of 64.7°C. It is a versatile compound that is widely used in the production of other chemicals, as well as in the fuel industry.
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Calcium chloride is a salt compound that is commonly used in various laboratory applications. It is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. The core function of calcium chloride is to serve as a desiccant, absorbing moisture from the surrounding environment. It is also used as a source of calcium ions in chemical reactions and analyses.
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Acetonitrile is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid. It is a commonly used solvent in various analytical and chemical applications, including liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and other laboratory procedures. Acetonitrile is known for its high polarity and ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds.
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Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is a chemical compound with the formula KH2PO4. It is a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in water. The primary function of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is to serve as a buffer solution, maintaining a stable pH in various applications.

More about "Potassium bicarbonate"

Potassium hydrogen carbonate, KHCO3, potassium acid carbonate, potassium bicarbonate is a versatile chemical compound with a wide range of applications in scientific research and clinical settings.
It is a colorless, crystalline salt that dissociates in water to form potassium (K+) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) ions.
Similar to its close relative, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), potassium bicarbonate has been extensively studied for its potential to optimize various research protocols and processes.
Potassium bicarbonate shares many chemical properties with other important compounds like sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), methanol (CH3OH), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and acetonitrile (CH3CN).
These compounds are commonly used in scientific research, and understanding their interactions and applications can help researchers leverage potassium bicarbonate more effectively.
One key area of research involving potassium bicarbonate is its use as a buffering agent to maintain optimal pH levels in various experimental setups.
This is particularly relevant when working with biological systems, where pH homeostasis is crucial for cell viability and proper function.
Additionally, potassium bicarbonate has been investigated for its potential to enhance the solubility and stability of certain compounds, as well as its ability to act as a preservative or stabilizer in various formulations.
The AI-driven platform PubCompare.ai offers a powerful tool for researchers to explore the existing literature, pre-prints, and patents related to the use of potassium bicarbonate and other relevant compounds.
By leveraging this platform, researchers can compare different protocols and products, guiding them to the most effective and efficient approaches.
Whether you're exploring the latest advancements in potassium bicarbonate optimization or seeking to enhance your scientific workflow, PubCompare.ai offers a futuristic, typo-free solution to accelerate your discoveries.