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Propionates

Propionates are a class of organic compounds that feature a propionate functional group.
They have various applications in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, including use as preservatives, flavoring agents, and intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven tools can help researchers optimize their work with Propionates by providing insghts from the latest literature, pre-prints, and patents.
Leverge automated data analysis to identify the most effective Propionate products and methodolgies, and streamline your research process.

Most cited protocols related to «Propionates»

Urine Metabolomics by NMR Spectroscopy

Urine specimens were analyzed using
a Bruker Avance-III spectrometer, operating at 600.29 MHz (¹H), equipped with a 5 mm, TCI, Z-gradient Cryo-probe. ¹H NMR spectra of urine were acquired using standard 1D pulse sequences
with water presaturation during both the relaxation delay (RD = 2
s) and mixing time (t_m = 150 ms).^{42 (link)} The 90° pulse length was 10 μs and total acquisition
time 2.73 s. Per sample, 64 scans were collected into 32K data-points
using a spectral width of 20 ppm. Free induction decays (FIDs) were
multiplied by an exponential weighing function (corresponding to line
broadening of 0.3 Hz) prior to Fourier-transformation.
FIDs
were referenced to an internal standard (trimethylsilyl-[²H₄]-propionate, TSP), baseline and phase-corrected using
in-house software. Spectral regions containing water/urea (δ6.4
to 4.5), TSP (δ0.2 to −0.2), and noise (δ0.5 to
0.2, δ-0.2 to −4.5, δ15.5 to 9.5) were removed
prior to median-fold change normalization.^{43 (link)} Remaining variables were binned to 7100 variables using bin widths
of 0.001 ppm to down-sample the total number of variables (for computation)
while still retaining peak shapes. A separate study^{44 (link)} showed good analytical reproducibility of the data set
with 96% of split pairs correctly identified. Metabolic outliers were
defined, and excluded, as participants whose principal component analysis
scores, for either visit, mapped outside Hotelling’s T² 95% confidence interval (CI₉₅).^{41 (link)}Subset optimization by reference matching^{45 (link)} (STORM) was used to identify metabolites using
the correlation structure
of ¹H NMR data. Localized clustering of small spectral
regions was used for selecting appropriate reference spectra. Additionally,
a Bruker compound library, internal databases, and extensive 2D NMR
identification strategies^{46 (link)} were used for
identification of molecular species.

Posma J.M., Garcia-Perez I., Ebbels T.M., Lindon J.C., Stamler J., Elliott P., Holmes E, & Nicholson J.K. (2018). Optimized Phenotypic Biomarker Discovery and Confounder Elimination via Covariate-Adjusted Projection to Latent Structures from Metabolic Spectroscopy Data. Journal of Proteome Research, 17(4), 1586-1595.

Publication 2018

1H NMR cDNA Library Propionates Pulse Rate Radionuclide Imaging Urea Urine

Testosterone-Induced Hypertension in Rat Offspring

All experimental procedures were performed in accordance with National Institutes of Health guidelines (NIH Publication No. 85–23, revised 1996) with approval by the Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of Texas Medical Branch. Timed-pregnant sprague dawely rats (Harlan, Houston, TX) were divided into 2 groups on gestational day 14, and 1 group received daily injections of T propionate (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) subcutaneously from gestational day 15– 19 @ 0.5 mg/kg body weight/day (n=8). The other group received vehicle (sesame oil, n=8). This dose and duration of exposure is commonly used to mimic plasma T levels (2-fold increase) observed in preeclamptic women.^{3 (link);4 ;41 (link);42} Dams in both groups were allowed to deliver at term and the birth weights of pups were recorded. The number of pups in the control and T litters were adjusted to 10 pups per dam to ensure equal nutrient access for all offspring (pups with weights at each extreme were sacrificed). The ratio of male to female pups remained equivalent after culling, when possible. Pups were weaned at 3 weeks of age, and only females were used for this study. At 6 months of age, arterial pressure was monitored using the telemetry system. Following BP measurements, the animals were sacrificed, the plasma separated and mesenteric arteries were isolated. A portion of the mesenteric arteries was used for vascular reactivity studies, and the remaining were quickly frozen for RNA/protein analysis. One offspring was studied from each litter, and ‘n’ refers the number of litters studied. An expanded Methods section is available in the online-only Data Supplement, which includes, animals, blood pressure (BP) measurements, arterial segment preparation, vascular contractile and relaxation responses, RNA isolation and Quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting and statistical analysis

Blesson C.S., Chinnathambi V., Hankins G.D., Yallampalli C, & Sathishkumar K. (2014). PRENATAL TESTOSTERONE EXPOSURE INDUCES HYPERTENSION IN ADULT FEMALES VIA ANDROGEN RECEPTOR-DEPENDENT PKCδ-MEDIATED MECHANISM. Hypertension, 65(3), 683-690.

Publication 2014

Animals Arteries Blood Vessel Body Weight Determination, Blood Pressure Dietary Supplements Females Freezing isolation Males Mesenteric Arteries Muscle Contraction Nutrients Patient Holding Stretchers Plasma Pre-Eclampsia Pregnancy Propionates Proteins Rattus norvegicus Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Sesame Oil Telemetry Woman

Synthesis of Benzyl-Protected Serine Derivative

N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-serine benzyl ester (200 mg, 0.607 mmol) was placed in a flame dried round bottom flask and dissolved in anhydrous toluene to a concentration of 0.25 M (3 mL). Trichloroacetimidate 1 (239 mg, 0.728 mmol, 1.2 equiv) was added and the reaction warmed to reflux. After 24 hours the reaction still showed starting material by thin layer chromatography analysis, so more trichloroacetimidate 1 was added (239 mg, 0.728 mmol, 1.2 equiv). After another 24 hours at reflux the reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with 2M aq. NaOH (3×), dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentrated (this workup removes the trichloroacetamide byproduct). The residue was pre-adsorbed on silica gel and purified by silica gel column chromatography (15% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to provide 0.273 g (91%) of (S)-benzyl 3-(benzhydryloxy)-2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino) propanoate (23) as a clear oil. [α]_D^21.6 −12.5 (c 1.26, CHCl₃); TLC R_f = 0.18 (10% ethyl acetate/hexanes); IR (thin film from CH₂Cl₂) 3434, 3341, 3062, 3030, 2949, 2876, 1722, 1498, 1339, 1197, 1067 cm⁻¹; ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.07–7.30 (m, 20H), 5.63 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 1H), 5.19 (s, 1H), 5.12 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 2H), 5.04 (s, 2H), 4.49 (dt, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 3.84 (dd, J = 9.4, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 3.60 (dd, J = 9.4, 3.1 Hz, 1H); ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 170.3, 156.1, 141.6, 141.4, 136.4, 135.4, 128.7, 128.65, 128.6, 128.5, 128.4, 128.3, 128.2, 127.7, 127.0, 126.9, 84.2, 69.0, 67.4, 67.2, 54.8 (two signals in the aromatic region were not resolved.) Anal calcd for C₃₁H₂₉NO₅: C, 75.13; H, 5.90; N, 2.83. Found: C, 74.94; H, 5.97; N, 3.00. Chiral HPLC analysis: Chiralcel OD (heptane/2-PrOH = 90/10, 1.0 mL/min, 254 nm, 25 °C): t_{(S enantiomer)} = 16.7 min, t_{(R enantiomer)} = 23.9 min.

Howard K.T., Duffy B.C., Linaburga M.R, & Chisholm J.D. (2016). Formation of DPM Ethers Using O-Diphenylmethyl Trichloroacetimidate Under Thermal Conditions. Organic & biomolecular chemistry, 14(5), 1623-1628.

Publication 2016

1H NMR Anus benzyloxycarbonylserine Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Chiralcel OD Chloroform Chromatography Esters ethyl acetate Gel Chromatography Heptane Hexanes High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Pressure Propionates Silica Gel Silicon Dioxide Thin Layer Chromatography Toluene trichloroacetamide

Testosterone-induced Placental Dysfunction in Rats

All procedures were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of Texas Medical Branch and were in accordance with those guidelines published by the US National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (NIH Publication No. 85–23, revised 1996). As we described earlier,^{31 (link);43 (link);46 (link);47 (link)} timed pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (gestational day [GD] 12; presence of copulation plug is day 1), purchased from Charles River (Wilmington, MA), were used in this study. After acclimatization, on GD 14, dams were randomly divided into 2 groups. Dams in the treatment group were subcutaneously injected with T propionate (0.5 mg/Kg/day, n=16) for 5 days from GD 15–19. The control group received vehicle (sesame oil, n=16). This dose and duration of exposure is commonly used to mimic plasma T levels observed in preeclamptic and IUGR pregnancies.^{48 (link);32 ;49 (link);50} Standard rodent chow and water were available ad libitum throughout the experimental protocols. The animals were housed in a room with a controlled temperature and a 12-hour light-dark cycle. From 8–10 am on day 20 of pregnancy, rats were anaesthetized for ultrasound and then used for placental vascularization. Another set of animals were used to examine placental and fetal oxygenation. Additional animals were sacrificed with carbon dioxide inhalation and placentas and fetuses were isolated, blotted to remove fluids and blood, weighed, snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at −80°C until analyzed. An expanded Methods section is available in the online-only Data Supplement, which includes, measurement of plasma T levels, ultrasound of uterine arteries, placental vascularization, assessment of placental and fetal hypoxia, placental and fetal sex determination, placental gene expression by microarray, and validation of gene expression by quantitative real-time PCR.

Gopalakrishnan K., Mishra J.S., Chinnathambi V., Vincent K.L., Patrikeev I., Motamedi M., Saade G.R., Hankins G.D, & Sathishkumar K. (2016). ELEVATED TESTOSTERONE REDUCES UTERINE BLOOD FLOW, SPIRAL ARTERY ELONGATION AND PLACENTAL OXYGENATION IN PREGNANT RATS. Hypertension, 67(3), 630-639.

Publication 2016

Acclimatization Animals Animals, Laboratory BLOOD Carbon dioxide Cell Respiration Dietary Supplements Fetal Growth Retardation Fetal Hypoxia Fetus Freezing Gene Expression Inhalation Microarray Analysis Nitrogen Pathologic Neovascularization Placenta Plasma Pre-Eclampsia Pregnancy Propionates Rats, Sprague-Dawley Rattus norvegicus Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Rivers Rodent Sesame Oil Sex Determination Analysis Ultrasonography Uterine Arteries

Metabolite Profiling of Polar Extracts

The dried polar extracts were rehydrated with 600 µL 100 mmol L⁻¹ phosphate buffer in D₂O, pH 7.3, which included 1.0 mmol L⁻¹ TMSP (3-Trimethylsilyl 2,2,3,3-d₄ propionate, CAS 24493-21-8). Samples were reconstituted in sets of approximately 20 to minimize potential sample change/degradation from prolonged exposure to light and room temperature. The samples were analyzed using a Bruker Advance II 700 MHz spectrometer (Bruker Biospin, Inc., Billerica, MA) fitted with a cryogenically cooled probe (TCI 5 mm triple-resonance, z-gradient). Spectra were collected under automation with ICON-NMR with a one-dimensional (1D) ¹H and a two-dimensional (2D) ¹H J-resolved (JRES) pulse sequence. The 1D pulse sequence includes water suppression based on a three-pulse noesygppr1d which contains a spoiler gradient with 8 steady state scans, 40 transients, a 3 s relaxation delay, and a 60 ms mixing period. The data were acquired at 298 K with 65536 real data points across a spectral width of 20 ppm. The spectra were processed by multiplying the free induction decay by an exponential line broadening function of 0.3 Hz and the data were zero-filled to 65536 complex points prior to Fourier transformation (FT). The spectra were manually phased and the baseline was automatically corrected.
Two-dimensional edited heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC) spectra with adiabatic ¹³C decoupling (HSQCEDETGPSISP2.2) were collected for selected samples to enhance metabolite identification. A relaxation delay equal to 1.5 s was used between acquisitions and a refocusing delay of 3.45 ms was implemented. In general, 2048 data points with 128 scans per increment were acquired with spectral widths of 11 ppm in F2 and 180 ppm in F1 (¹³C). The FIDs were weighted using a shifted sine bell function in both dimensions. Manual two-dimensional phasing was applied.
Shrimp metabolites were assigned based on 1D ¹H and 2D ¹H-¹³C NMR experiments. Assignments were based on comparison of chemical shifts and spin-spin couplings with reference spectra and tables such as those of the human metabolome database (HMDB) [31] (link), the Madison metabolomics consortium database [32] (link), the biological magnetic resonance data bank (BMRB) [33] (link), and an in-house compiled database, as well as the SBASE-1-1-2 and bbiorefcode_0_1_2 databases used with AMIX (version 3.9.11; Bruker Biospin, Inc., Billerica, MA) and Chenomx® NMR Suite profiling software (version 7.12).

Schock T.B., Duke J., Goodson A., Weldon D., Brunson J., Leffler J.W, & Bearden D.W. (2013). Evaluation of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Health during a Superintensive Aquaculture Growout Using NMR-Based Metabolomics. PLoS ONE, 8(3), e59521.

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Publication 2013

1H NMR Biopharmaceuticals Buffers Homo sapiens Light Metabolome Phosphates Propionates Pulse Rate Radionuclide Imaging Short Interspersed Nucleotide Elements Transients Vibration

Most recents protocols related to «Propionates»

Synthesis of 7,8-Dichloro-4-Pyrazolyl Quinoline Derivative

Not available on PMC !

Example 76

[Figure (not displayed)]

Step 1: Methyl 3-(7,8-dichloro-4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinolin-2-yl)propanoate. To a solution of tert-butyl 3-(7,8-dichloro-4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinolin-2-yl)propanoate (235 mg) in MeOH HCl (5 mL). The resultant solution was stirred at rt overnight. After concentration under reduced pressure, the residue was purified by preparative thin layer chromatography to afford the title compound (150 mg) as a powder (MS: [M+1]⁺322).

Step 2: 3-(7,8-Dichloro-4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinolin-2-yl)propan-1-ol. To a solution of methyl 3-(7,8-dichloro-4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinolin-2-yl)propanoate (100 mg) in anhydrous THF (4 mL) was added DIABL-H (1.1 mL, 1M in THF) at −60° C. After stirring over one hour at 60° C., the reaction mixture was slowly warmed up to room temperature, quenched by adding MeOH (1 mL) and diluted with EtOAc (25 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine and dried over anhydrous Na₂SO₄. Concentration under reduced pressure and purification by preparative HPLC afforded the title compound (6 mg). MS: [M+1]⁺322. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6): δ 8.195-8.173 (m, 3H), 7.735-7.712 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.594 (s, 1H), 3.520-3.536 (m, 2H), 2.996-3.034 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 1.965-2.002 (m, 2H) ppm.

US11873291B2. Quinoline cGAS antagonist compounds (2024-01-16). ImmuneSensor Therapeutics, Inc. [US], The Board of Regents of the University of Texas System [US]. Inventors: Jian Qiu [US], Qi Wei [US], Matt Tschantz [US], Heping Shi [US], Youtong Wu [US], Hulling Tan [US], Lijun Sun [US], Chuo Chen [US], Zhijian Chen [US].

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Patent 2024

1H NMR Anabolism brine High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Powder Pressure Propionates pyrazole Sulfoxide, Dimethyl TERT protein, human Thin Layer Chromatography

Synthesis of Fluorinated Propanoate Ester

Not available on PMC !

Example 173

[Figure (not displayed)]

2-Methyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propanoic acid 25 (401 mg, 2.50 mmol), EDC (654 mg, 3.40 mmol) and pentafluorophenol (480 mg, 2.60 mmol) were dissolved in dichloromethane (45 mL) and the reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature, then concentrated to dryness to give compound perfluorophenyl 2-methyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propanoate 713 (662 mg, 82% yield). MS ESI m/z calcd for C₁₄H₁₅F₅NO₂[M+H]⁺324.1024, found 324.1045.

US11873281B2. Conjugates of cell binding molecules with cytotoxic agents (2024-01-16). HANGZHOU DAC BIOTECH CO., LTD. [CN], None [US], None [CN], None [CN]. Inventors: R. Yongxin Zhao [US], Yue Zhang [CN], Yourang Ma [CN].

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Patent 2024

2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenol Anabolism Methylene Chloride Propionates propionic acid

Debenzylation of Amino Ester Intermediate

Not available on PMC !

Example 75

[Figure (not displayed)]

To a solution of tert-butyl 3-(2-(2-(dibenzylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy) propanoate (20.00 g, 48.36 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in THF (30 mL) and MeOH (60 mL) was added Pd/C (2.00 g, 10 wt %, 50% wet) in a hydrogenation bottle. The mixture was shaken overnight, filtered through Celite (filter aid), and the filtrate was concentrated to afford a colourless oil (10.58 g, 93.8% yield). MS ESI m/z calcd for C₁₁H₂₄NO₄[M+H]⁺234.1627, found 234.1810.

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Patent 2024

Anabolism Celite Hydrogenation Propionates TERT protein, human

Synthesis of (S)-3-((1-(7,8-dichloro-4-(4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)quinolin-2-yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methoxy)propanoic acid

Not available on PMC !

Example 136

[Figure (not displayed)]

Step 1: (S)-(1-(4,7,8-trichloroquinolin-2-yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methanol. The procedure was the same as that in the synthesis of I-287.

Step 2: (S)-(1-(7,8-dichloro-4-(4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)quinolin-2-yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methanol. The procedure was the same as that in the synthesis of I-821.

Step 3: tert-butyl (S)-3-((1-(7,8-dichloro-4-(4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)quinolin-2-yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methoxy)propanoate. The procedure was the same as that in the synthesis of I-665.

Step 4: (S)-3-((1-(7,8-dichloro-4-(4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)quinolin-2-yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methoxy)propanoic acid (I-825). To a vial were added tert-butyl (S)-3-((1-(7,8-dichloro-4-(4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)quinolin-2-yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methoxy)propanoate (13 mg, 0.0257 mmol) and HCl in 1,4-dioxane (4 N, 0.3 ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. All volatiles were removed under reduced pressure. After lyophilization, the title compound was obtained as HCl salt (11 mg). (MS: [M+1]⁺449)

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Patent 2024

4-methylimidazole Anabolism Dioxanes Freeze Drying Methanol Pressure Propionates propionic acid Salts TERT protein, human

Azidation of Tosylated Triethylene Glycol Ester

Not available on PMC !

Example 90

[Figure (not displayed)]

To a solution of tert-butyl 3-(2-(2-(2-(tosyloxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy) propanoate (39.4 g, 91.1 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in anhydrous DMF (100 mL) was added NaN₃(20.67 g, 316.6 mmol, 3.5 eq.). The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. Water (500 mL) was added and extracted with EtOAc (3×300 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water (3×900 mL) and brine (900 mL), dried over anhydrous Na₂SO₄, filtered, concentrated and purified by SiO₂column chromatography (5:1 hexanes/EtOAc) to give a light yellow oil (23.8 g, 85.53% yield). MS ESI m/z calcd for C₁₃H₂₅O₃N₅Na [M+Na]⁺326.2, found 326.2.

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Patent 2024

Anabolism brine Chromatography Hexanes Light Propionates Sodium Azide TERT protein, human

Top products related to «Propionates»

Topspin 3 by Bruker

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Topspin 3.2 is a software package developed by Bruker for the acquisition, processing, and analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. It provides a comprehensive suite of tools for the management and interpretation of NMR spectra.

T propionate by Merck Group

T propionate is a pharmaceutical ingredient used in the production of various medications. It is a synthetic form of the natural steroid testosterone, which is primarily involved in the regulation of male sexual characteristics and functions. T propionate is commonly utilized in the development of pharmaceutical products, though its specific core function is to serve as a raw material in the manufacturing process.

600 mhz spectrometer by Bruker

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N pentyl propionate by Dow

N-pentyl propionate is a chemical compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. N-pentyl propionate is primarily used as a solvent and intermediate in organic synthesis.

Glycidyl methacrylate by Dow

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Di t amyl peroxide by Merck Group

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Topspin software by Bruker

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N succinimidyl 3 2 pyridyldithio propionate spdp by Thermo Fisher Scientific

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N-Succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate (SPDP) is a heterobifunctional crosslinking reagent that contains an N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester and a pyridyldisulfide group. The NHS ester group reacts with primary amines, while the pyridyldisulfide group reacts with sulfhydryl groups, enabling the conjugation of two different molecules.

More about "Propionates"

Propionates are a class of organic compounds that feature a propionate functional group, which consists of a carboxyl group (–COOH) attached to a methyl group (–CH3).
These versatile compounds have a wide range of applications in the pharmaceutical, chemical, and food industries.
Propionates can serve as preservatives, flavoring agents, and important intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds.
They are closely related to propionic acid, a short-chain fatty acid with a variety of uses.
Propionates may also be referred to as propyl esters or propionic acid derivatives.
Key subtopics and related terms associated with propionates include: - Topspin 3.2: A software suite used for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data acquisition and processing, often utilized in the analysis of propionate compounds. - T propionate: A specific type of propionate compound, such as the t-butyl propionate. - 600 MHz spectrometer: A high-field NMR spectrometer commonly used to characterize the structure and properties of propionate molecules. - Inverse cryogenic probe: An NMR probe designed to enhance the sensitivity and resolution of measurements, particularly for small-molecule analysis like propionates. - Bovine serum albumin: A protein that may be used in conjunction with propionate compounds, for example, in the preparation of drug delivery formulations. - N-pentyl propionate: A propionate ester with a pentyl (C5H11) substituent, which can be used as a solvent, lubricant, or chemical intermediate. - Glycidyl methacrylate: A propionate-based monomer used in the synthesis of polymers and resins, including those with applications in the coatings and adhesives industries. - Di-t-amyl peroxide: A propionate-derived organic peroxide, employed as an initiator in the polymerization of propionate-containing monomers. - TopSpin software: A comprehensive NMR data analysis and processing platform, complementary to the Topspin hardware. - N-Succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate (SPDP): A propionate-based crosslinking reagent used in the conjugation of biomolecules, such as proteins and peptides.
Leveraging the insights and capabilities of PubCompare.ai's AI-driven tools can help researchers optimize their work with propionates by providing the latest literature, pre-print, and patent data, as well as automated data analysis to identify the most effective products and methodologies.
This can streamline the research process and lead to innovative propionate-based applications and discoveries.