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Saquinavir

Saquinavir is a protease inhibitor used in the treatment of HIV infection.
It works by blocking the HIV protease enzyme, which is essential for the replication of the virus.
Saquinavir is often used in combination with other antiretroviral medications to achieve optimal viral suppression and improve clinical outcomes for individuals living with HIV/AIDS.
Researchers use PubCompare.ai to optimize Saquinavir research by locating the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, ensuring they have the most accurate and up-to-date information to inform their studies.
This data-driven approach helps enhance reproducibility and research accurance, taking Saquinavir research to the next level.

Most cited protocols related to «Saquinavir»

1
Comprehensive HIV Protease Assay Protocol
Cited 51 times
More details on experimental assays, plasmid constructs, sequences, cell lines, antibodies and computational analysis are provided in Supplementary Methods. Briefly, affinity tagging and purification was carried out as previously described2 (link) and the protein samples were analysed on a Thermo Scientific LTQ Orbitrap XL mass spectrometer. For the evolutionary analysis, genome-wide alignments to rhesus macaque were downloaded from the University of California, Santa Cruz genome browser (http://genome.ucsc.edu/) and evolutionary rates for each group of genes considered were measured using the synonymous and non-synonymous rates of evolution. For the in vitro protease assay, maltose binding protein (MBP)-tagged PR was expressed in BL21 (Gold) DE3 cells in the presence of 100 μM Saquinavir and purified on an MBP trap column. Purified eIF3 was obtained from J. Cate (University of California, Berkeley). For the infection assays, HeLa P4.R5 cells were transfected with short interfering RNAs and after 48 h infected with pNL4-3 or a pNL4-3-derived VSV-G-pseudotyped reporter virus. Infection levels were determined by luminescence read-out.
Jäger S., Cimermancic P., Gulbahce N., Johnson J.R., McGovern K.E., Clarke S.C., Shales M., Mercenne G., Pache L., Li K., Hernandez H., Jang G.M., Roth S.L., Akiva E., Marlett J., Stephens M., D’Orso I., Fernandes J., Fahey M., Mahon C., O’Donoghue A.J., Todorovic A., Morris J.H., Maltby D.A., Alber T., Cagney G., Bushman F.D., Young J.A., Chanda S.K., Sundquist W.I., Kortemme T., Hernandez R.D., Craik C.S., Burlingame A., Sali A., Frankel A.D, & Krogan N.J. (2011). Global landscape of HIV–human protein complexes. Nature, 481(7381), 365-370.
Publication 2011
Antibodies Biological Assay Biological Evolution Cell Lines Cells Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3 Evolution, Molecular Genome Gold HeLa Cells Infection Luminescence Macaca mulatta Maltose-Binding Proteins Peptide Hydrolases Plasmids Proteins RNA, Small Interfering Saquinavir Virus
2
Production and Characterization of Fluorescently Labeled HIV-1 Pseudoviruses
Cited 10 times
Fluorescently labeled pseudoviruses were produced and characterized, as described previously [11 (link),68 (link),73 (link)]. Briefly, HEK293T/17 cells grown in a 100 mm dish were transfected with the plasmids encoding for the HIV-1 backbone pR9ΔEnv (8 μg), along with VSV-G (1 μg), Vpr-IN-sfGFP (4 μg) and CypA-fluorescent protein plasmids (4 μg) using the JetPrime Transfection reagent (VWR, Radnor, PA). Control viruses were produced without CypA-DsRed. For infectivity assays, pseudoviruses were produced as above but without the Vpr-IN-sfGFP plasmid. Alternatively, NL4-3-based pseudoviruses were produced by co-transfecting VSV-G (1 μg), pNL4.3R-E-Luc (8 μg), Nef-HA (4 μg) and CypA-DsRed (4 μg). Where noted, saquinavir was used at a final concentration of 500 nM to generate immature particles. Twelve hours after transfection, the medium was replaced with 7 ml of fresh DMEM/10% FBS without phenol red, and the sample incubated for additional 36 h at 37°C, 5% CO2. Viral supernatant was collected, pooled, filtered through a 0.45 μm filter and quantified for p24 content using AlphaLISA immunoassay kit (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA) or for the RT activity using the PERT protocol [74 (link)]. Viruses were aliquoted and stored at -80°C.
For Western blotting, the viruses were pelleted through a 20% sucrose cushion by centrifuging at 100,000×g for 2 h at 4°C, using the SW41 swinging bucket rotor (Beckman, Indianapolis IN), re-suspended in PBS and lysed with 0.5% Triton X-100 for 30 min at room temperature. Equal amounts of p24 were loaded onto a 12% polyacrylamide gel (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA). Proteins were transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane, blocked with PBS/0.1% Tween20/10% Blotting-grade Blocker (Bio-Rad) for 1 h at room temperature and incubated with HIV IG (1∶3000 dilution), rabbit anti-Cyclophilin A antibody (Millipore) (1∶500 dilution), or anti-α-tubulin (Sigma) (1∶3000 dilution) in PBS/0.1% Tween20/5% Blocking-grade Blocker overnight at 4°C. Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated (HRP) goat anti-rabbit antibody (1∶500 dilution, Santa Cruz, Dallas, Texas), HRP-Protein G (1∶2000, Bio-Rad) or HRP-rabbit anti-mouse (Millipore) were employed for protein detection using a chemiluminescence reagent from GE Healthcare. The resulting signal was visualized on the Chem-Doc Imager (Bio-Rad). PrecisionPlus Protein Standards (Kaleidoscope Bio-Rad) were used for molecular weight markers.
Francis A.C., Marin M., Shi J., Aiken C, & Melikyan G.B. (2016). Time-Resolved Imaging of Single HIV-1 Uncoating In Vitro and in Living Cells. PLoS Pathogens, 12(6), e1005709.
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Publication 2016
alpha-Tubulin Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Biological Assay Biological Markers Cells Chemiluminescence Cyclophilin A G-substrate Goat HIV-1 Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Immunoassay Mus Nitrocellulose Plasmids polyacrylamide gels Proteins Rabbits Saquinavir Sucrose Technique, Dilution Tissue, Membrane Transfection Triton X-100 Tween 20 Vertebral Column Virus
3
Proficiency Testing of Antiretroviral Drugs
Cited 8 times
Every six months the CPQA PT program offered prepared plasma samples containing pre-specified concentrations (unknown to CPLs) of up to 21 ARV analytes: abacavir (ABC), amprenavir (APV), atazanavir (ATV), darunavir (DRV), didanosine (DDI), efavirenz (EFV), emtricitabine (FTC), etravirine (ETR), indinavir (IDV), lamivudine (3TC), lopinavir (LPV), maraviroc (MVC), nelfinavir (NFV), nevirapine (NVP), raltegravir (RGV), ritonavir (RTV), saquinavir (SQV), stavudine (D4T), tenofovir (TFV), tipranavir (TPV), zidovudine (ZDV). In each round and for each ARV, 5 concentrations, spanning an expected therapeutic range of each ARV, as well as occasional concentrations below or above, were provided. Samples are prepared by an outside subcontractor and tested by the CPQA lab prior to distribution. PT samples were stored at −70 ± 15°C and then shipped on dry ice to participating laboratories with detailed instructions. Upon arrival, each laboratory confirmed sample integrity and indicated planned reporting of specific analytes. Results were reported either through an online Laboratory Data Management System (LDMS) or via a template which was then uploaded into the LDMS database. At the end of the submission period, a completeness evaluation was performed to confirm that all planned results were received; discrepancies were queried for resolution. To summarize the proficiency of individual labs, a pre-specified scoring algorithm was applied to the RCs (see next paragraph). The scoring algorithm reflects US Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA) PT regulations[13 (link)]. After review and approval by the CPQA advisory board chair, a final report was sent to the participating laboratories (with laboratories de-identified) and key leadership (laboratories identified per network leader).
An individual RC is deemed Acceptable provided a concentration is present where expected, and the concentration is within 20% of the final target (FT)[14 (link)]. (If a concentration is reported as below the lower limit of quantification (BLQ), and the run lower limit was below 80%*FT, the concentration was labeled Unacceptable.) For a given prepared sample, if the number of labs reporting for that sample is large enough, the variability between CPLs is small enough (≤15%) and the percent deviation of the group mean (GM, determined after removal of outliers, if any)from the weighed-in value (WIV) is >5%, the FT is set to the GM. Otherwise, FT is set to the WIV. At the analyte level, a CPL’sperformance is deemed Satisfactory for the round provided at least 80% of RCs are Acceptable. If the CPL score is <80% for an analyte, the CPL submits a corrective action plan to reestablish accuracy; a root cause is requested. Finally, in accordance with CLIA rules, a lab is classified as successful for an analyte provided the round-specific score was Satisfactory in at least 2 of the last 3 rounds (including the current).
DiFrancesco R., Rosenkranz S.L., Taylor C.R., Pande P.G., Siminski S.M., Jenny R.W, & Morse G.D. (2013). Clinical Pharmacology Quality Assurance (CPQA) Program: Models for Longitudinal Analysis of Antiretroviral (ARV) Proficiency Testing for International Laboratories. Therapeutic drug monitoring, 35(5), 631-642.
Publication 2013
abacavir amprenavir Atazanavir Clinical Laboratory Services Darunavir Dry Ice efavirenz etravirine Indinavir Lopinavir Maraviroc Nelfinavir Nevirapine Plant Roots Plasma Raltegravir Ritonavir Saquinavir Tenofovir Therapeutics tipranavir Zidovudine
4
CD4 T Cell Spinoculation Infection Protocol
Cited 7 times
CD4 T cells were counted, collected as pellets by centrifugation at 200× g for 10 min at room temperature, and resuspended in the appropriate volume of concentrated viral supernatant. Typically, 50–200 ng of p24Gag per 4×105 CD4 T cells were used. Spinoculations were performed in 96-well V-bottom plates with up to 5×105 CD4 T cells per well; 15-ml Falcon conical tubes were used for larger quantities of cells (up to 1×107 CD4 T cells/tube). All spinoculations were performed in volumes of 200 µl or less. Cells and virus were centrifuged at 1200× g for 1.5–2 h at room temperature. After spinoculation, cells were pooled and cultured at a concentration of 1×106 cells/ml in RPMI 1640 containing 10% FCS and supplemented with 5 µM saquinavir for 3 days to prevent residual spreading infection. Saquinavir was obtained through the AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH.
Lassen K.G., Hebbeler A.M., Bhattacharyya D., Lobritz M.A, & Greene W.C. (2012). A Flexible Model of HIV-1 Latency Permitting Evaluation of Many Primary CD4 T-Cell Reservoirs. PLoS ONE, 7(1), e30176.
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Publication 2012
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes Cells Centrifugation Cultured Cells Infection Pellets, Drug Saquinavir Virus
5
Construction and Characterization of HIV-1 Viral Constructs
Cited 5 times
CypA was PCR-amplified from genomic DNA and cloned into pmRFP-N1 (Clontech, Mountainview CA). The plasmid pCypA-DsRed and pCypA-mCherry was constructed by replacing the mRFP in CypA-mRFP with respective fluorescent proteins after PCR amplification and cloning between BamHI/NotI sites. CypA was linked to a fluorescent protein through a flexible linker GSGGSGGSGGQSTVPRARDPPVAT. pMDG-VSVG expressing VSV-G glycoprotein, a gift from Dr. J. Young (The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA), the plasmid encoding for the pNL4.3 Nef-HA was a gift from Dr. Massimo Pizzato (University of Trento)[11 (link),68 (link)]. The Vpr-IN-sfGFP plasmid was a gift from Dr. Anna Cereseto (University of Trento) [11 (link)]. The pR9ΔEnv vector containing the WT CA or CA mutations E45A, and K203A were described previously [5 (link)]. Mutations encoding the G89V substitution in CA and the E478Q substitution in the RNase H domain of RT were introduced into pR9ΔEnv vector through site-directed mutagenesis. A mutation was introduced by site directed mutagenesis into the pCypA-DsRed plasmid at amino acid position H126 to generate the pCypA-H126Q-DsRed construct. Retroviral vector LNCX2 encoding TRIM-CypA-eCFP was a gift from Dr. Paul Bieniasz [67 (link)].
The following reagents were obtained from the NIH AIDS Reference and Reagent Program, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH: pNL4-3.Luc.R-E- from Dr. Nathaniel Landau, pMM310 plasmid encoding the BlaM-Vpr was donated by Dr. Michael Miller [69 (link)]; TZM-bl cells expressing CD4, CXCR4 and CCR5 were donated by Drs. J.C. Kappes and X. Wu [70 (link)]; Jurkat T and Jurkat.T CypA-/- cells were donated by Drs. D. Braaten and J. Luban [71 (link)]; anti-p24 antibody AG3.0 was donated by Dr. J. Alan [72 (link)]; RT inhibitor Nevirapine; and HIV protease inhibitor Saquinavir; HIV Immunoglobulin (HIV-IG), donated by Dr. Luiz Barbosa.
HEK293T/17 cells were obtained from the ATCC (Manassas, VA). 293T/17 and TZM-bl cells were grown in high glucose Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM, Mediatech, Manassas VA) with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS, Sigma, St. Louis, MO) and 100 U/ml penicillin-streptomycin (Gemini Bio-Products, Sacramento, CA). The growth medium for HEK 293T/17 was supplemented with 0.5 mg/ml G418 sulfate (Mediatech, Manassas VA). Jurkat T-cells and Jurkat T-cells CypA-/- were propagated in RPMI-1640 medium.
CsA was obtained from (Calbiochem), dissolved in DMSO at a concentration of 50 mM and stored at -20°C. The HIV-1 CA binding inhibitors, PF74 (PF-3450074) and BI-2, were described previously [39 (link),40 (link)]. The CCF4-AM substrate for the BlaM assay, GeneBLAzer in vivo Detection Kit was from Invitrogen, Bright-Glo luciferase assay kit was from Promega. Saponin was obtained from Sigma Aldrich.
Francis A.C., Marin M., Shi J., Aiken C, & Melikyan G.B. (2016). Time-Resolved Imaging of Single HIV-1 Uncoating In Vitro and in Living Cells. PLoS Pathogens, 12(6), e1005709.
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Publication 2016
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Amino Acids antibiotic G 418 Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Biological Assay Biopharmaceuticals CCR5 protein, human Cells Cloning Vectors CXCR4 protein, human Eagle Genome Glucose Glycoproteins HIV-1 HIV Antibodies HIV Protease Inhibitors inhibitors Jurkat Cells link protein Luciferases Mutagenesis, Site-Directed Mutation Nevirapine Penicillins PF-3450074 Plasmids Promega Proteins Retroviridae Ribonuclease H Saponin Saquinavir Staphylococcal Protein A Streptomycin Sulfates, Inorganic Sulfoxide, Dimethyl

Most recents protocols related to «Saquinavir»

1
Sourcing of Antiviral Compounds
All VS-identified compounds were purchased from ChemScene (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) (Elbasvir and Velpatasvir); APExBIO (Houston, TX, USA) (Daclatasvir, Natamycin, and Saquinavir); 1PlusChem (San Diego, CA, USA) (Ceftaroline fosamil, Folinic acid, and Simeprevir); and AKScientific (Union City, CA, USA) (Ivermectin, Ledipasvir, Minocycline, and Telithromycin) and used as-is.
Olenginski L.T., Kasprzak W.K., Attionu S.K., Shapiro B.A, & Dayie T.K. (2023). Virtual Screening of Hepatitis B Virus Pre-Genomic RNA as a Novel Therapeutic Target. Molecules, 28(4), 1803.
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Publication 2023
ceftaroline fosamil daclatasvir elbasvir Ivermectin ledipasvir Leucovorin Minocycline Natamycin Saquinavir Simeprevir telithromycin velpatasvir
2
Fluorescent RNA Binding Assay Protocol
Our 12 VS-identified lead compounds were dissolved in either UltraPure H2O or DMSO (depending on their solubility) to make 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 mM stock solutions. In all in vitro binding assays, a fixed concentration of FL ε (0.5 µM) and SYBRG II (4×) (Millipore Sigma) was used. Then, 5 µL of compound (in 100% DMSO or H2O) and 95 µL of RNA-dye complex in the assay buffer (5 mM sodium cacodylate pH 6.5, 50 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 0.1 mM EDTA, and 0.01% Triton-X100) were added to black Costar 96-well plates; incubated at room temperature for 30 min; and the fluorescence intensity values were measured (485 ± 5 nm excitation, 525 ± 5 nm emission) using a SpectraMax M5 (Molecular Devices) plate reader equipped with SoftMax Pro analysis software. The initial experiments were performed with 500 µM of each compound to determine which ligands yielded fluorescence attenuation. Follow-up experiments to quantify binding were then carried out by titrating increasing concentrations of each compound against various RNAs. In such experiments, the EC50 values were determined by normalizing the fluorescence intensity of each well to an average value for the fluorescence intensity of the RNA–dye complex by the following relation: Y=Fmin+(Fmax− Fmin)((1+10log(EC50− X)·HillSlope)
where Fmax and Fmin are the highest and lowest fluorescence readings, HillSlope is the steepness (i.e., responsiveness) of the curve, X is the logarithm of the ligand concentration, and Y is the normalized fluorescence [30 (link)]. The reported EC50 values are the average ± standard error from the nonlinear regression fitting of data from triplicate measurements to Equation 1 using MATLAB (version 2019a).
It is important to note that a subset of the large and highly aromatic compounds tested (i.e., antivirals: Daclatasvir, Elbasvir, Ledipasvir, Saquinavir, Simeprevir, and Velpatasvir) showed RNA-independent binding to the dye, leading to an increase in fluorescence (Figure S3). We therefore included control wells on each plate that only contained the ligand and dye without RNA (Figure S3), which was incorporated into their fluorescence normalization. For some of these dye-binding compounds, the resulting binding curves showed minimal fluorescence attenuation (e.g., ~15%) and a dampened response (e.g., Daclatasvir in Figures S4–S6). The same was not true for other dye-binding compounds, which showed a more typical binding curve (e.g., Simeprevir in Figures S4 and S5). Even when a dampened response was observed, binding curves that show binding (e.g., Daclatasvir with FL ε and PL ε in Figures S4 and S6) are markedly different than those from non-binding events (e.g., Daclatasvir with AL ε in Figure S6). Nevertheless, the analysis of these data is not straightforward, and the derived EC50 values likely do not reflect accurate binding affinities and should therefore be interpreted with caution.
Olenginski L.T., Kasprzak W.K., Attionu S.K., Shapiro B.A, & Dayie T.K. (2023). Virtual Screening of Hepatitis B Virus Pre-Genomic RNA as a Novel Therapeutic Target. Molecules, 28(4), 1803.
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Publication 2023
Antiviral Agents Biological Assay Buffers Cacodylate daclatasvir Edetic Acid elbasvir Fluorescence Fluorescent Dyes ledipasvir Ligands Magnesium Chloride Medical Devices Saquinavir Simeprevir Sodium Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Triton X-100 velpatasvir
3
PBMC Activation and RNA Isolation
Freshly thawed PBMCs from PWH were counted. Half of the PBMCs were cultured in complete RPMI media alone while the remaining PBMCs were activated by incubation in the presence of anti-CD3/CD28 beads added at the ratio of 1 bead:1 cell for 3 days. To prevent the spread of infection, 1 μM of Efavirenz (EFV) and 1 μM of Saquinavir (SQV) were also added. Activated as well as unstimulated PBMCs were collected at the same time, and RNA isolation was performed using a Qiagen AllPrep DNA/RNA mini kit.
Basukala B., Rossi S., Bendiks S., Gnatienko N., Patts G., Krupitsky E., Lioznov D., So-Armah K., Sagar M., Cheng C, & Henderson A.J. (2023). Virally Suppressed People Living with HIV Who Use Opioids Have Diminished Latency Reversal. Viruses, 15(2), 415.
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Publication 2023
Cells Culture Media efavirenz Infection isolation Muromonab-CD3 Saquinavir
4
Evaluating Anti-HIV Compounds Using Cell-Based Assays
C8166 cells were seeded in a 48-well plate (3 × 104 cells/well). Cells were infected as previously described in Section 3.3 (syncytia formation count). After the addition of the virus, 100 μL of 100 μg/mL COS conjugates, saquinavir, and azidothymidine were added into multiple wells. Blank group was only treated with samples and incubated without being infected with the virus. After a total of 96 h incubation, cellular viability was assessed using the MTT assay, as previously described in Section 3.3, and the protection ability is calculated in reference to treated yet uninfected cell groups.
For the co-culture assays, C8166 and H9 cells were cultured together. Briefly, C8166 cells were seeded in a 48-well plate (5 × 104 cell/well) along with H9 cells (infected with HIV-1IIIB as described in Section 3.3) in the ratio of 10:1 in the presence or absence of COS conjugates. The cells were incubated for 48 h, and the number of syncytia was counted using a light microscope as noted in Section 3.3.
, & Karadeniz F. (2023). In Vitro Anti-HIV-1 Activity of Chitosan Oligomers N-Conjugated with Asparagine and Glutamine. BioTech, 12(1), 18.
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Publication 2023
Biological Assay Cells Cell Survival Coculture Techniques Giant Cells Light Microscopy Saquinavir Virus Zidovudine
5
Antiretroviral Exposure During Pregnancy
Pregnant women were considered exposed to antiretroviral combination if they started antiretroviral treatment before or during pregnancy, and continued at least until delivery. Antiretroviral combination was defined by at least three drugs: namely two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) associated with a PI (lopinavir/ritonavir, atazanavir/ritonavir, darunavir/ritonavir, fosamprenavir, saquinavir and nelfinavir) or a NNRTI (efavirenz or nevirapine). We categorised the exposure into three different periods: pre-conception, early pregnancy (first trimester) and late pregnancy (second and third trimester).
Saint-Lary L., Benevent J., Damase-Michel C., Vayssière C., Leroy V, & Sommet A. (2023). Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with prenatal exposure to protease-inhibitor-based versus non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based antiretroviral combinations in pregnant women with HIV infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 23, 80.
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Publication 2023
atazanavir, ritonavir drug combination Conception Darunavir efavirenz fosamprenavir lopinavir-ritonavir drug combination Nelfinavir Nevirapine Nucleosides Obstetric Delivery Pharmaceutical Preparations Pregnancy Pregnant Women Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Ritonavir Saquinavir

Top products related to «Saquinavir»

1
Saquinavir by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Saquinavir is a protease inhibitor used as an antiviral medication. It is a laboratory product designed for research purposes.
2
Saquinavir by Roche
Sourced in Switzerland, Germany
Saquinavir is a protease inhibitor developed by Roche for use in the treatment of HIV infection. It functions by inhibiting the HIV-1 protease enzyme, which is essential for the maturation and replication of the virus.
3
Bovine serum albumin (bsa) by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Japan, France, Sao Tome and Principe, Canada, Macao, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, India, Israel, Belgium, Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Ireland, Hungary, Netherlands, Czechia, Brazil, Austria, Singapore, Portugal, Panama, Chile, Senegal, Morocco, Slovenia, New Zealand, Finland, Thailand, Uruguay, Argentina, Saudi Arabia, Romania, Greece, Mexico
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a common laboratory reagent derived from bovine blood plasma. It is a protein that serves as a stabilizer and blocking agent in various biochemical and immunological applications. BSA is widely used to maintain the activity and solubility of enzymes, proteins, and other biomolecules in experimental settings.
4
Indinavir by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
Indinavir is a lab equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a protease inhibitor used in the treatment and management of HIV/AIDS. The core function of Indinavir is to inhibit the activity of the HIV protease enzyme, which is essential for the replication of the virus.
5
Atazanavir by Bristol-Myers Squibb
Sourced in United States
Atazanavir is a protease inhibitor drug used in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It is a prescription medication developed and manufactured by Bristol-Myers Squibb.
6
Ritonavir by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
Ritonavir is a pharmaceutical product developed by Merck Group. It is a protease inhibitor used in the treatment of HIV infection. The core function of Ritonavir is to prevent the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from multiplying in the body by inhibiting the activity of the HIV protease enzyme.
7
Lopinavir by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
Lopinavir is a laboratory product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a protease inhibitor used in research applications.
8
Verapamil by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, France, United Kingdom, China, Japan, Spain, Italy, Sao Tome and Principe, Switzerland, Australia, Ireland, Belgium
Verapamil is a laboratory product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a calcium channel blocker that inhibits the movement of calcium ions through cell membranes, which can affect various physiological processes. The core function of Verapamil is to serve as a research tool for the study of calcium-dependent mechanisms in biological systems.
9
Darunavir by Cayman Chemical
Darunavir is a protease inhibitor used in the manufacture and research of pharmaceutical products. It is a white to off-white powder that functions as a key component in the development of various drug formulations. The core purpose of Darunavir is to serve as a versatile chemical building block for researchers and manufacturers in the pharmaceutical industry.
10
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, Italy, China, Macao, Switzerland, France, Canada, Sao Tome and Principe, Spain, Australia, Ireland, Poland, Belgium, Denmark, India, Sweden, Israel, Austria, Brazil, Czechia, Netherlands, Portugal, Norway, Holy See (Vatican City State), New Zealand, Hungary, Senegal, Argentina, Thailand, Singapore, Ukraine, Mexico
FBS, or Fetal Bovine Serum, is a commonly used cell culture supplement. It is derived from the blood of bovine fetuses and provides essential growth factors, hormones, and other nutrients to support the growth and proliferation of a wide range of cell types in vitro.

More about "Saquinavir"

Saquinavir is a key HIV protease inhibitor medication used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS.
It works by blocking the essential HIV protease enzyme, thereby disrupting viral replication and improving clinical outcomes for individuals living with the disease.
Researchers often combine Saquinavir with other antiretroviral drugs like Indinavir, Atazanavir, Ritonavir, Lopinavir, and Darunavir to achieve optimal viral suppression.
To enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of Saquinavir research, scientists leverage tools like PubCompare.ai, which utilizes AI-driven protocol comparison to locate the best experimental procedures from literature, preprints, and patents.
This data-driven approach helps researchers access the most up-to-date and reliable information to inform their studies, taking Saquinavir optimization to new heights.
Beyond Saquinavir, researchers may also investigate related compounds such as Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and Verapamil, which share structural or functional similarities.
By examining these compounds, scientists can uncover valuable insights that inform the development of more effective HIV treatments.
By incorporating synonyms, abbreviations, and key subtopics, this SEO-optimized content provides a comprehensive overview of Saquinavir and related research, empowering scientists to make data-driven decisions and advance the field of HIV/AIDS treatment.
One typo has been intentionally included for a more natural feel: 'accurance' instead of 'accuracy'.