The study included 105 patients with mild to moderately active disease defined as a total DAI score of 4 to 10, inclusively. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either rosiglitazone 4 mg or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. Disease activity was measured at randomization and every four weeks thereafter until week 12, however lower endoscopy was only completed at week 0 and week 12, such that only a partial Mayo score (9 point scale that excludes the endoscopic appearance of the mucosa) could be calculated at the interim visits. In the very early accrual period of the study, a follow-up visit was included at week 2. Without knowledge of the response rates in either arm, the Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) requested that the week 2 follow-up evaluation be eliminated with the hopes of minimizing the placebo response rate and maximizing recruitment and retention.6 (link), 8 (link), 9 (link) Eighteen patients completed the week 2 follow-up visit.
During the course of the study, patients could be treated with other conventional medications used to treat active ulcerative colitis including mesalamine, oral corticosteroids, immunomodulators, or topical therapies (mesalamine or corticosteroids) at stable doses. Use of corticosteroids at doses greater than 20mg per day of prednisone or the equivalent was an exclusion criterion. Steroid tapering was not permitted during the study.
In anticipation of this sub-study, at each visit we also included questions about change in disease activity compared to the previous visit and compared to the randomization visit on a global seven-point scale (