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Sulfate, Dextran

Sulfate and dextran are important biomolecules with diverse applications in research and industry.
Sulfate is a chemical compound containing sulfur and oxygen, often found in various biological contexts.
Dextran, on the other hand, is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units, widely used in medical and pharmaceutical applications.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform helps researchers optimize their work with sulfate and dextran by providing access to the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents.
The platform's advanced AI comparisons identify the most effective methods and products, enabling seamless, reproducible, and efficient experimentation.
Explore PubCompare.ai's intuitive tools and data-driven insights to embark on your journey towards advancd sulfate and dextran research today.

Most cited protocols related to «Sulfate, Dextran»

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Publication 2013
Acid Hybridizations, Nucleic Apolipoprotein A-I Buffers Cloning Vectors DAPI Embryo Fishes Fluorescent Antibody Technique Formaldehyde formamide Goat Immunoglobulins Microscopy Microscopy, Confocal, Laser Scanning Reading Frames Salmo salar Sperm Submersion Sulfate, Dextran Tween 20 vanadyl ribonucleoside complex
Embryos were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde at 4°C overnight and stored in methanol at -20°C. 24-hpf embryos were permeabilized in 2% hydrogen peroxide in methanol for 20 minutes (min) at room temperature (RT) and stepwise rehydrated to PBST (phosphate buffered saline, 0.1% Tween-20 pH 7.3). After rehydration, embryos were further permeabilized by a 10-min proteinase K treatment and postfixed for 20 min with 4% paraformaldehyde at RT. Prehybridization, probe hybridization and washes were performed as described [5 (link)] except for addition of 5% dextran sulfate to the hybridization buffer. In two-color experiments, digoxigenin- and dinitrophenol-labeled probes were mixed together in hybridization buffer at the appropriate concentrations and hybridized simultaneously.
Publication 2011
Acid Hybridizations, Nucleic Buffers Digoxigenin Dinitrophenols Embryo Endopeptidase K Methanol paraform Peroxide, Hydrogen Phosphates Rehydration Saline Solution Sulfate, Dextran Tween 20
Participants were asked to fast and refrain from smoking for 12 hours prior to the examination and to avoid vigorous physical activity the morning of the visit. Height was measured to the nearest centimeter and body weight to the nearest 0.1 kg. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. After a 5-minute rest period, 3 seated blood pressure measurements were obtained with an automatic sphygmomanometer; the second and third readings were averaged. Blood samples, including plasma glucose (fasting and after a 2-hour oral glucose load) were collected according to standardized protocols. Total serum cholesterol was measured using a cholesterol oxidase enzymatic method and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol with a direct magnesium/dextran sulfate method. Plasma glucose was measured using a hexokinase enzymatic method (Roche Diagnostics). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was calculated using the Friedewald equation.17 (link) Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was measured using a Tosoh G7 Automated HPLC Analyzer (Tosoh Bioscience).
Information was obtained by questionnaires on demographic factors, SES (education and income), acculturation (including years of residence in the United States, generational status, and language preference), cigarette smoking, physical activity (moderate/heavy intensity work and leisure activities in a typical week), and medical history. Participants were instructed to bring all prescription and nonprescription medications taken in the past month. Dietary intake was ascertained by two 24-hour dietary recalls administered 6 weeks apart. A diet score was calculated by assigning participants a score of 1 to 5 according to sex-specific quintile of daily intake of saturated fatty acids, potassium, calcium, and fiber (with 5 the most favorable quintile). The 4 scores were summed and the highest 40 percentile considered a healthier diet.18 (link)
Publication 2012
BLOOD Calcium, Dietary Cholesterol Cholesterol Oxidase Determination, Blood Pressure Dextran Diagnosis Diet Drugs, Non-Prescription Enzymes Fibrosis Glucose Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated Hexokinase High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Index, Body Mass Low-Density Lipoproteins Magnesium Mental Recall Plasma Potassium Saturated Fatty Acid Serum Sphygmomanometers Sulfate, Dextran Sulfate, Magnesium Therapy, Diet
The rate constant for SOMAmer:protein complex dissociation was determined for each aptamer by measuring the fraction of pre-formed aptamer:protein complexes that remain bound after addition of a competitor as a function of time. Radiolabled SOMAmer was renatured as described above. Approximately 5×10–11 M SOMAmer was equilibrated in SB18T (40 mM HEPES, 100 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 0.05% Tween-20 at pH 7.5) at 37°C with protein at a concentration 10X greater than the measured Kd value. Samples were then diluted 2X with 40 nM non-labeled SOMAmer or 0.3 mM dextran sulfate in SB18T at various time points. Complexes were partitioned to separate free aptamer from protein:aptamer complexes. The type of partitioning was dependent upon the protein used since not all proteins bind to the same type of partitioning resin. For LBP and Histone H1.2, Zorbax PSM-300A (Agilent Technologies) resin was used for partitioning; for Kallistatin, MyOne TALON beads were used; for biotinylated-TIG2, MyOne Streptavidin beads were used. Complexes were captured on the appropriate resin, and the sample was passed through a MultiScreen HV Plate under vacuum. The samples were washed with SB18T. The MultiScreen HV Plates were phosphorimaged and the amount of radioactivity in each sample quantified using a FUJI FLA-3000. The fraction of complex remaining was plotted as a function of time, and the dissociation rate constant was determined by fitting the data to an analytic expression for bimolecular dissociation kinetics using non-linear regression.
Publication 2010
Claw HEPES Histone H1 kallistatin Kinetics Magnesium Chloride Protein C Proteins Radioactivity Resins, Plant Sodium Chloride Streptavidin Sulfate, Dextran Tween 20 Vacuum
Imaging platform and automated fluidics delivery system were similar to those previously described with some modifications. In brief, the flow cell on the sample was first connected to the automated fluidics system. Then the region of interests(ROI) was registered using nuclei signals stained with 10 μg/mL of DAPI (D8417; Sigma). For cell culture experiments, blank images containing beads only were first imaged before the first round of serial hybridization. Each serial hybridization buffer contained three unique sequences with different concentrations of 15-nt readouts conjugated to either Alexa Fluor 647(50 nM), Cy3B(50 nM) or Alexa Fluor 488(100 nM) in EC buffer made from 10% Ethylene Carbonate (E26258; Sigma), 10% Dextran Sulfate (D4911; Sigma), 4X SSC and 1:100 dilution of SUPERase In RNase Inhibitor. The 100 μL of serial hybridization buffers for 80 rounds of seqFISH+ imaging with a repeat for round 1 (in total 81 rounds) were pipetted into a 96 well-plate. During each serial hybridization, the automated sampler will move to the well of the designated hyb buffer and flow the 100 μL hyb solution through a multichannel fluidic valves (EZ1213-820-4; IDEX Health & Science) to the flow cell (required ~25 μL) using a syringe pump (63133–01, Hamilton Company). The serial hyb solution was incubated for 17 minutes for cell culture experiments and 20 minutes for tissue slice experiments at room temperature. After serial hybridization, the sample was washed with ~300 μL of 10% formamide wash buffer (10% formamide and 0.1% Triton X-100 in 2X SSC) to remove excess readout probes and non-specific binding. Then, the sample was rinsed with ~200 μL of 4X SSC supplemented with 1:1000 dilution of SUPERase In RNase Inhibitor before stained with DAPI solution (10 μg/mL of DAPI, 4X SSC, and 1:1000 dilution of SUPERase In RNase Inhibitor) for ~15 seconds. Next, an anti-bleaching buffer solution made of 10% (w/v) glucose, 1:100 diluted catalase (Sigma C3155), 0.5 mg/mL Glucose oxidase (Sigma G2133), 0.02 U/μL SUPERase In RNase Inhibitor, 50 mM pH8 Tris-HCl in 4x SSC was flowed through the samples. Imaging was done with the microscope (Leica, DMi8) equipped with a confocal scanner unit (Yokogawa CSU-W1), a sCMOS camera (Andor Zyla 4.2 Plus), 63 × oil objective lens (Leica 1.40 NA), and a motorized stage (ASI MS2000). Lasers from CNI and filter sets from Semrock were used. Snapshots were acquired with 0.35 μm z steps for two z slices per FOV across 647-nm, 561-nm, 488-nm and 405-nm fluorescent channels. After imaging, stripping buffer made from 55% formamide and 0.1% Triton-X 100 in 2x SSC was flowed through for 1 minute, followed by an incubation time of 1 minute before rinsing with 4X SSC solution. In general, the 15-nt readouts were stripped off within seconds, and a 2-minute wash ensured the removal of any residual signal. The serial hybridization, imaging, and signal extinguishing steps were repeated for 80-rounds. Then, stainings buffer for segmentation purpose consists of 10 μg/mL of DAPI, 50nM LNA T20-Alexa 647, and 1: 100 dilution of Nissl stainings (N21480; Invitrogen) in 1x PBS was flowed in and allowed to incubate for 30 mins at room temperature before imaging. The integration of automated fluidics delivery system and imaging was controlled by a custom written script in Micro-Manager32
Publication 2019
Acid Hybridizations, Nucleic alexa fluor 488 Alexa Fluor 647 Buffers Catalase Cell Culture Techniques Cell Nucleus Cells DAPI ethylene carbonate formamide Glucose Lens, Crystalline Microscopy Neoplasm Metastasis Obstetric Delivery Oxidase, Glucose Ribonucleases ribonuclease U Staining Sulfate, Dextran Syringes Technique, Dilution Tissues Triton X-100 Tromethamine

Most recents protocols related to «Sulfate, Dextran»

smiFISH was performed with GFP probes on mouse PCNs (P0 and DIV9) cultured on 15-mm glass coverslips as described previously44 (link), with some modifications. The media was aspirated, and cells were washed with 1× PBS. Cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for 20 minutes at room temperature and then rinsed twice with 1× PBS. Permeabilization was done with 70% ethanol at 4 °C overnight. The cells were washed with 15% formamide freshly prepared in 1× SSC buffer for 15 minutes at room temperature. Then, 50 μl of hybridization mix (1 μl of FLAP hybridized probes in 2× SSC, 10% formamide and 10% w/v dextran sulfate) was added to each coverslip and incubated overnight at 37 °C in a humid chamber. The cells were washed twice for 30 minutes with freshly prepared 15% formamide/1× SSC at 37 °C in the dark. During the second wash, DAPI nuclear stain was added (5 ng μl−1). The cells were washed twice more in 2× SSC, and the coverslips were mounted on a glass slide with 10 μl of ProLong Glass mounting medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific, P36980) without DAPI. Then, 3 × 3 tiled z-stack images were acquired using a Dragonfly 200 spinning disc confocal microscope with a ×63 oil objective and stitched using Fusion acquisition software. Consistent laser intensity and exposure times were used across samples to detect DAPI, EGFP protein and Quasar 570 (EGFP RNA).
Publication 2023
Acid Hybridizations, Nucleic Anisoptera Buffers Cells DAPI enhanced green fluorescent protein Ethanol formamide Microscopy, Confocal Mus paraform Stains Sulfate, Dextran Surgical Flaps
Generally, FISH experiments were performed as previously described (Arora et al., 2022b (link)). CAD cells expressing reporter constructs were induced with 2 μg/mL doxycycline for 48 hr. Cells were then plated on PDL coated glass coverslips (neuVitro) within 12-well plates at approximately 2.5×104 cells per well in full growth media. Cells were allowed to attach for 2 hr before changing to serum depleted media supplemented with 2 μg/mL doxycycline for 48 hr.
C2bbe1 cells expressing reporter constructs were seeded on PDL coated glass coverslips at high density and allowed to differentiate into monolayers for 7 days in full growth media supplemented with 2 μg/mL doxycycline. Media was changed every 3–4 days. Cells were washed once with PBS before being fixed with 3.7% formaldehyde (Fisher Scientific) for 10 min at room temperature. Following 2 PBS washes, cells were permeabilized with 70% Ethanol (VWR) at 4 °C for 6–8 hr or at room temperature for 2 hr. Cells were incubated in smFISH wash buffer (2 x SSC with 10% formamide) at room temperature for 5 min. Per coverslip, 2 μL of Stellaris FISH Probes, or hybridized smiFISH probes were added to 200 μL of hybridization Buffer (10% dextran sulfate, 10% formamide in 2 X SSC). Using a homemade hybridization chamber made from an empty tip box with wet paper towels and parafilm, coverslips were incubated cell side down in the hybridization buffer overnight at 37 °C. Coverslips were washed with wash buffer in fresh 12-well plates cell side up for 30 min at 37 °C in the dark. A total of 100 ng/mL DAPI was diluted in wash buffer and added to the cells in the dark at 37 °C for 30 min. Cells were then washed for 5 min at room temperature with wash buffer.
Coverslips were then mounted onto slides with Fluoromount G and sealed with nail polish. Slides were imaged at 60 X on a widefield DeltaVision Microscope with consistent laser intensity and exposure times across samples. DAPI was imaged with 10% transmittance with an exposure of 0.05 s. FISH probes were visualized in the TRITC channel with 100% transmittance and an exposure of 0.15 s. Z stacks were collected of approximately 68 images, 0.2 µm apart for a total thickness of 13.6 µm.
Publication 2023
Acid Hybridizations, Nucleic Buffers CD244 protein, human Cells Culture Media DAPI Doxycycline Ethanol Fishes Formaldehyde formamide Laser Microscopy Serum Sulfate, Dextran tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate
Telomere DNA FISH were performed as described (20 (link)). Briefly, Hela cells grown on eight-well chambered slide (Nunc Lab-Tek II, 155409) were transfected with ATM-SPARK plasmid. Thirty minutes after challenged with NCS, cells were fixed in 4% (w/v) paraformaldehyde for 10 min at room temperature. After fixation, cells were permeabilized in 1× phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with 0.5% Triton X-100 for 10 min at room temperature. Cells were incubated in 0.1 N of HCl for 5 min and washed twice in 2× saline-sodium citrate (SSC) with 0.1% Tween 20 (SSCT) for 2 min. After incubated in 2× SSCT with 50% formamide for 1 hour at 60°C, the well was loaded with 150 μl of ISH solution [2× SSCT, 50% (v/v) formamide, 10% dextran sulfate, ribonuclease A (400 ng/μl), and 100 nM probe]. After denaturation at 80°C for 3 min, cells were incubated overnight at 44°C.
After hybridization, cells were washed four times in 2× SSCT at 60°C and rinsed in 1× PBS for 1 min. Cells then incubated with 1 μM Atto 550–labeled imager in PBS and washed twice in 1× PBS. The cells were blocked with 2% bovine serum albumin and 10% goat serum in PBS. Then stained with anti-GFP antibody (1:200 dilution; Abcam, Ab290) 3 hours at room temperature. After washing three times with phosphate-buffered saline with 0.1% Tween 20 (PBST), the cells incubated with Alexa Fluor 488–conjugated secondary antibodies (1:200 dilution; Cell Signaling Technology, #4412) at room temperature for 1 hour. The telomere probe sequence is ACATCATCATGGGCCTTTTGGCCCATGATGATGTATGATGATG/3InvdT/, and the Imager sequence is ATGATGATGTATGATGATGT.
Publication 2023
Acid Hybridizations, Nucleic alexa fluor 488 Antibodies Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Cells Fishes formamide Goat HeLa Cells paraform Phosphates Plasmids Ribonucleases Saline Solution Serum Serum Albumin, Bovine Sodium Citrate Sulfate, Dextran Technique, Dilution Telomere Triton X-100 Tween 20
The effect of Oftasecur and Visuprime on HSV-1 infection was evaluated by co-treatment, cell and viral pretreatment and post-treatment via plaque reduction assays in infected cells. In the co-treatment assay, the eye drops at the selected volumes and the viral suspension at a density of 2 × 103 plaque-forming units/mL (PFU/mL) were simultaneously inoculated on the cell monolayer in DMEM without FBS for 1 h at 37 °C. In cell pre-treatment, cell monolayers were first exposed to ophthalmic solutions for 1 h at 37 °C and then infected with the viral suspension at 2 × 103 PFU/mL in DMEM without FBS for 1 h at 37 °C. In virus pretreatment, the viral suspension at 2 × 104 PFU/mL was exposed to formulations for 1–10–30 min and 1 h, diluted 1:10 in DMEM without FBS, and used to infect cell monolayers, for 1 h. Lastly, in post-treatment, cells were first infected with the viral suspension at the density of 2 × 103 PFU/mL in DMEM without FBS for 1 h at 37 °C; then, they were washed and treated with the formulations at the selected volumes for 1 h. Regarding CTRL+, melittin (5 µM) was applied in the co-treatment and virus pretreatment, dextran-sulfate (1 µM) in cell pretreatment, and aciclovir (5 µM) in post-treatment, whereas uninfected cells constituted CTRL−. After the viral adsorption time, the cell monolayer was washed twice with 1 × PBS and covered with a culture medium supplemented with 5% carboxymethylcellulose. After 48 h, Vero CCL-81 cells were fixed with 4% formaldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and stained with 0.5% crystal violet (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). The plaques were counted and related to the coincident ones at the CTRL− to obtain the percentage of viral inhibition [31 (link)]. Lastly, the virus pretreatment assay was also confirmed using GFP-engineered HSV-1, exposing to 12.5–3.12 µL of Oftasecur and 6.25–1.56 µL of Visuprime for 1 h, prior to cell infection. Bright-field and fluorescent images were acquired by the Nikon ECLIPSE Ti2-U fluorescence microscope (Nikon Europe B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands) after 48 h of exposure. The fluorescence intensity was gained by Cytation 5 plate reader (Cytation 5, BioTek, Milan, Italy).
Publication 2023
Acyclovir Adsorption Biological Assay Carboxymethylcellulose Cells Culture Media Dental Plaque Eye Drops Fluorescence Formaldehyde Herpes Simplex Human Herpesvirus 1 Infection Melitten Microscopy, Fluorescence Ophthalmic Solution Psychological Inhibition Senile Plaques Sulfate, Dextran Vero Cells Violet, Gentian Virus

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Publication 2023
2',5'-oligoadenylate Acid Hybridizations, Nucleic alexa fluor 488 ammoniacal ferrous citrate Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Aves Buffers Cells Chickens Culture Media DAPI Dyes Ethanol formamide Gold Kinetics Light Luciferases, Renilla Metals Microscopy Molecular Probes Nucleotides paraform Protein Biosynthesis RNA, Messenger Sea Pansy Stem, Plant Sulfate, Dextran Tissues Transcription, Genetic

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Dextran sulfate is a polysaccharide derived from the fermentation of sucrose. It is a high-molecular-weight anionic compound commonly used in laboratory research as a precipitation agent and for the separation of biomolecules.
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Vectashield is a non-hardening, aqueous-based mounting medium designed for use with fluorescent-labeled specimens. It is formulated to retard photobleaching of fluorescent dyes and provides excellent preservation of fluorescent signals.
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Formamide is a colorless, odorless, and hygroscopic liquid. It is a common laboratory solvent used in various chemical and biological applications. Formamide has a high boiling point and is miscible with water and many organic solvents.
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DAPI is a fluorescent dye that binds strongly to adenine-thymine (A-T) rich regions in DNA. It is commonly used as a nuclear counterstain in fluorescence microscopy to visualize and locate cell nuclei.
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Dextran sulphate is a polymeric carbohydrate derivative used as a laboratory reagent. It is a linear, highly sulfated polysaccharide produced from the bacterial fermentation of sucrose. Dextran sulphate is primarily used as an anticoagulant and precipitating agent in various biochemical applications.
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DAPI is a fluorescent dye used in microscopy and flow cytometry to stain cell nuclei. It binds strongly to the minor groove of double-stranded DNA, emitting blue fluorescence when excited by ultraviolet light.
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The Stellaris Probe Designer is a web-based tool that enables the design of custom fluorescent probes for use in gene expression analysis and other molecular biology applications. The tool provides access to a comprehensive database of gene sequences and supports the design of probes that target specific regions of interest.
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Vectashield mounting medium is a proprietary aqueous-based formulation used for the preservation and visualization of fluorescent stained specimens. It is designed to maintain the brightness and stability of fluorescent dyes during microscopic examination.
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Yeast tRNA is a type of transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) isolated from the baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. tRNA molecules are responsible for the translation of genetic information from messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins within cells. The core function of yeast tRNA is to facilitate the incorporation of amino acids into the growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis.

More about "Sulfate, Dextran"

Sulfate and Dextran: Versatile Biomolecules for Cutting-Edge Research Sulfate, a chemical compound containing sulfur and oxygen, is a ubiquitous presence in various biological contexts.
From its role in sulfur metabolism to its applications in medical research, sulfate is a vital component in numerous scientific endeavours.
Dextran, on the other hand, is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units, widely utilized in medical and pharmaceutical applications, such as blood plasma substitutes and drug delivery systems.
Dextran sulfate, a derivative of dextran, has found widespread use in fields like immunology, cell biology, and nucleic acid research.
This versatile compound has been employed in techniques like Vectashield mounting medium, which is used to preserve fluorescent signals in microscopy studies.
Formamide, another key player, is commonly used as a solvent in DNA hybridization experiments, including the Stellaris Probe Designer, a tool for designing fluorescent probes for RNA detection.
The Hitachi 7150 Autoanalyzer, a sophisticated instrument, has been instrumental in the quantitative analysis of sulfate and other analytes in biological samples.
DAPI, a fluorescent stain, is frequently used in conjunction with dextran-based reagents to visualize cellular structures and nucleic acids.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform is a valuable resource for researchers navigating the complex world of sulfate and dextran.
By providing access to the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, the platform empowers scientists to optimize their experiments and achieve reproducible, efficient results.
The advanced AI comparisons offered by PubCompare.ai help identify the most effective methods and products, ensuring seamless and data-driven research.
Embark on your journey towards cutting-edge sulfate and dextran research with the help of PubCompare.ai's intuitive tools and data-driven insights.
Discover the power of this platform to unlock new possibilities in your scientific endeavors.