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Tetrabutylammonium fluoride

Tetrabutylammonium fluoride is a chemical compound used in organic synthesis and materials science.
It is a source of fluoride ions and has applications in deprotection, fluorination, and other reactions.
The tetrabutylammonium cation acts as a phase-transfer catalyst, enhancing the solubility and reactivity of the fluoride.
Researchers can use PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform to optimize their tetrabutylammonium fluoride protocols by easily locating and comparing procedures from literature, preprints, and patents.
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Most cited protocols related to «Tetrabutylammonium fluoride»

Optimized Radiosynthesis of [18F]fallypride

Cited 4 times

The synthesis conditions of [¹⁸F]fallypride (Figure 3A) were adapted and further optimized from our previous work synthesizing this compound using EWOD chips ¹³.
A [¹⁸F]fluoride stock solution was prepared by mixing [¹⁸F]fluoride/[¹⁸O]H₂O (100 μL, ~370 MBq; ~10 mCi) with 75 mM TBAHCO₃ solution (5 μL). Precursor stock solution was prepared by dissolving fallypride precursor (4 mg) in a mixture of MeCN and thexyl alcohol (1:1 v/v, 100 μL). A stock solution for dilution of the crude product prior to collection was prepared from a mixture of MeOH and DI water (9:1, v/v, 500 μL). These solutions were loaded into individual reagent vials connected to dispensers.
To perform the on-chip synthesis, a 2 μL droplet of [¹⁸F]fluoride solution (~7.4 MBq; ~0.2 mCi) was first loaded onto the chip and spontaneously transported to the reaction site. The microfluidic chip was heated to 105°C for 1 min to evaporate the solvent and leave a dried residue of the [¹⁸F]tetrabutylammonium fluoride ([¹⁸F]TBAF) complex at the reaction site. It was found that the typical azeotropic distillation process (i.e. addition and evaporation of MeCN) to remove residual moisture was not needed.
Next, a 1 μL droplet of fallypride precursor solution was deposited at another loading site and was spontaneously transported to the reaction site, where it dissolved the dried residue. Then, another 1 μL droplet of fallypride precursor solution was deposited and transported the same way. The chip was heated to 110°C and held for 7 min to accomplish the radiofluorination reaction. Then, ten 1 μL droplets of collection solution were sequentially deposited at a different reagent loading site and spontaneously moved to reaction site to dilute the resulting crude reaction mixture. Afterwards, the diluted droplet was transferred into the collection vial. The collection process was repeated 5x to minimize residue on the chip. A schematic of the on-chip process is shown in Figure 4.

Wang J., Chao P.H., Hanet S, & van Dam R.M. (2017). Performing multi-step chemical reactions in microliter-sized droplets by leveraging a simple passive transport mechanism. Lab on a chip, 17(24), 4342-4355.

Publication 2017

Anabolism ARID1A protein, human Binding Sites Distillation DNA Chips Ethanol fallypride Fluorides Solvents Technique, Dilution tetrabutylammonium fluoride

Preparation and Fluorescent Labeling of Triphosphorylated RNA Oligonucleotides

Cited 3 times

The triphosphorylated RNA oligonucleotides SLR-14 (5′-pppGGAUCGAUCGAUCGUUCGCGAUCGAUCGAUCC-3′) and SLR-14-amino (5′-pppGGAUCGAUCGAUCGUXCGCGAUCGAUCGAUCC-3′, where X = aminomodifier C6dT; Glen Research), were prepared essentially as described (Mihaylova et al., 2018 (link)). Briefly, removal of the oligonucleotide from the polymer support and base deprotection was performed in a 1:1 mixture of 40% methylamine (Sigma-Aldrich) and 30% ammonium hydroxide (JT Baker) at 65°C for 15 min. The solution was cooled on ice for 10 min, transferred to a new vial, and evaporated to dryness. 500 µl of absolute ethanol was added, and the mixture was evaporated to dryness again. To deprotect the 2′-OH groups, the dry oligonucleotide was incubated with 500 µl of a 1 M solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in tetrahydrofuran (Sigma-Aldrich) at room temperature for 36 h. 500 µl of 2 M sodium acetate (pH 6.0) was added, and the solution was evaporated to a 500–600 µl volume, extracted with 3× 800 µl of ethyl acetate, and ethanol precipitated. The RNA oligonucleotide was then purified on a 16% denaturing polyacrylamide gel.
For fluorescent labeling, the purified SLR-14-amino oligonucleotide was dissolved in 200 µl of 0.25 M sodium bicarbonate buffer (pH 9.2). Then, a solution containing 0.5 mg of Alexa Fluor 647 NHS ester (Life Technologies Corp.) in 200 µl N,N-dimethylformamide was added, and the reaction mixture was incubated at room temperature for 2 h. The labeled oligonucleotide (SLR14-647) was ethanol precipitated and purified on a 20% denaturing polyacrylamide gel.

Jiang X., Muthusamy V., Fedorova O., Kong Y., Kim D.J., Bosenberg M., Pyle A.M, & Iwasaki A. (2019). Intratumoral delivery of RIG-I agonist SLR14 induces robust antitumor responses. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 216(12), 2854-2868.

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Publication 2019

Alexa Fluor 647 Ammonium Hydroxide Bicarbonate, Sodium Buffers Dimethylformamide Esters Ethanol ethyl acetate M-200 methylamine Oligonucleotides polyacrylamide gels Polymers Sodium Acetate tetrabutylammonium fluoride tetrahydrofuran

Synthesis and Applications of Cap-4 RNA

Cited 3 times

5′‐O‐(4,4′‐Dimethoxytrityl)‐2′‐O‐methyl‐3‐N‐methyluridine (2): 2′‐O‐Methyluridine (1) (0.2 g, 0.77 mmol) was dissolved in dry dimethyl sulfoxide (2 mL). Sodium hydride (18.6 mg, 0.77 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred at room temperature under argon atmosphere until bubbling stopped. Then, methyl iodide (0.05 mL, 0.77 mmol) was added dropwise. The solution was stirred for another 5 h. All volatiles were evaporated under high vacuum. The residue was co‐evaporated once with methanol and twice with pyridine before it was dissolved in anhydrous pyridine (1 mL). Dimethoxytrityl chloride (0.32 g, 0.93 mmol) and 4‐dimethylaminopyridine (14.2 mg, 0.12 mmol) were added. The reaction solution was stirred under argon at room temperature overnight before the reaction was quenched by adding methanol. All volatiles were evaporated, the residue was diluted in methylene chloride and was washed three times with a solution of 5 % citric acid, once with a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, and once with a saturated sodium chloride solution. The product was isolated after column chromatography (100:0.1 to 100:0.5 methylene chloride/methanol). Yield: 0.24 g (54 %) of 2 as white foam. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, [D₆]DMSO): δ=3.15 (s, 3 H; H₃C‐N), 3.24–3.36 (m, 2 H; H_a,b‐C(5′)), 3.44 (s, 3 H; H₃C‐O(2′)), 3.75 (s, 6 H; 2×H₃C‐O(DMT)), 3.80–3.58 (m, 1 H; H‐C(2′)), 3.94–4.00 (m, 1 H; H‐C(4′)), 4.19–4.255 (dd, J=12, 7.0 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(3′)), 5.22 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1 H; H‐O(3′)), 5.39 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(5′)), 5.84 (d, J=2.7 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(1′)), 6.90 (d, 4 H; H_ar‐C (DMT)), 7.21–737 (m, 9 H; H_ar‐C (DMT)), 7.80 ppm (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(6)); ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, [D₆]DMSO): δ=27.3 (1 C, H₃C‐N), 55.0 (1 C, H₃C‐O (DMT)), 58.0 (1 C, H₃C‐O(2′)), 62.3 (C(5′)), 68.4 (1 C, C(2′)), 82.4 (1 C, C(4′)), 82.8 (1 C, C(3′)), 88.7 (1 C, C(1′)), 100.5 (1 C, C(5)), 113.4 (4C, C_ar(DMT)), 127.0 (1 C, C_ar(DMT)), 127.61 (2 C, C_ar(DMT)), 127.80 (2 C, C_ar(DMT)), 129.9 (4 C, C_ar), 138.4 (1 C, C(6)); HRMS (ESI) m/z calcd: 597.2207 [M+Na]⁺; found: 597.2219.
5′‐O‐Dimethoxytrityl‐2′‐O‐methyl‐3‐N‐methyluridine‐3′‐(2‐cyanoethyl‐diisopropylphosporamidite) (3): Compound 2 (0.24 g, 0.41 mmol) was dried under high vacuum and vented with argon. The solid was dissolved in dry methylene chloride (6 mL) and treated with N,N‐diisopropylethylamine (0.28 mL, 1.66 mmol) and 2‐cyanoethyl‐N,N‐diisopropyl‐chlorophosphoramidite (0.20 g, 0.83 mmol). The reaction solution was stirred for 4 h at room temperature. Afterward, the reaction was quenched by adding 1 mL of methanol. It then was diluted with methylene chloride (1:10), washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and with a saturated sodium chloride solution. The product was isolated by column chromatography (1 % triethylamine, 35 % ethyl acetate and 64 % n‐hexane). Yield: 0.27 g (84 %) of 3 as white foam. ¹H NMR (700 MHz, CDCl₃): δ=0.96 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3 H; CH‐NCH₃), 1.08–1.12 (m, 9 H; 3.15 CH‐NCH₃), 2.33 (t, J=6.38, 7.08 Hz, 1 H; NC‐CH), 2.57 (m, J=6.35, 7.08 Hz, 1 H; NC‐CH), 3.25 (s, 3 H; H₃C‐N), 3.35–3.6 (m, 4 H; H‐C(5′)_(a,b), NCH‐(CH₃)₂, PO‐CH), 3.53 (2 s, 3 H; H₃C‐O(2′)), 3.73 (2 s, 6 H; 2×H₃C‐O(DMT)), 3.68–3.71 (m, 2 H; PO‐CH, H‐C(2′)), 4.15–4.19 (m, 1 H; H‐C(4′)), 4.36–4.42 (m, 1 H; H‐C(3′)), 4.51–4.56 (m, 1 H; H‐C(3′)), 5.21–5.26 (dd, J=8.02, 8.30 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(5′)), 5.93–5.97 (dd, J=1.7, 2.7 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(1′)), 6.74–6.79 (m, 4 H; H‐C_ar(DMT)), 7.16–7.35 (m, 9 H; H‐C_ar(DMT)), 7.88–7.99 ppm (dd, J=8.07, 8.07 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(6)); ³¹P NMR (162 MHz, CDCl₃, 25 °C): δ=150.17; 150.73 ppm; HRMS (ESI): m/z calcd: 775.3466 [M+H]⁺; found: 775.3472.
3′,5′‐Diacetyl‐2′‐O‐methyladenosine (5): 2′‐O‐Methyladenosine (4; 0.50 g, 1.78 mmol) was co‐evaporated with pyridine, before dimethylformamide (1.4 mL), dry pyridine (0.7 mL), acetic anhydride (0.7 mL, 7.41 mol) and 4‐dimethylaminopyridine (8 mg, 0.065 mmol) were added. The reaction solution was stirred at 0 °C for 3 hours. The reaction progress was controlled by TLC (5 % methanol in methylene chloride). Methanol (0.5 mL) was added to quench the reaction. Then all volatiles were removed by distillation under high vacuum (70 °C) before the residue was co‐evaporated once with pyridine and three times with toluene. This crude product was directly used for the next reaction. For analytical analysis the product was further purified by column chromatography (1 % methanol in methylene chloride). Yield: 0.64 g (98 %) of 5 as white solid. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, [D₆]DMSO): δ=2.04, 2.14 (2 s, 6 H; O(5′)CO‐CH₃, O(3′)CO‐CH₃)), 3.28 (s, 3 H; H₃C‐O(2′)), 4.21–4.38 (m, 3 H; C(4′)‐H, H_a,b‐C(5′)), 4.88 (ddt, J=6, 5.7 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(2′)), 5.49–5.51 (dd, J=2.4, 4.8 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(3′)), 6.03 (d, J=6 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(1′)), 7.34 (br s, 2 H; NH₂), 8.16 (s, 1 H; H‐C(8) or H‐C(2)), 8.38 ppm (s, 1 H; H‐C(2) or H‐C(8)); ¹³C NMR (75 MHz,CDCl₃): δ=20.9, 21.0 (2 C, O(5′)‐CO‐CH₃, O(3′)‐CO‐CH₃), 59.5 (1 C, C(5′)), 63.2 (1 C, C(4′)), 80.3 (1 H; C(2′)), 81.2 (1 H; C(3′)), 87.7 (1 C, C(1′)), 139.5 (1 C, C(8) or C(2)), 153.5 ppm (1 C, C(2) or C(8)); HRMS (ESI): m/z calcd: 366.1408 [M+H]⁺; found: 366.1414.
9‐(3′,5′‐Diacetyl‐2′‐O‐methylfuranosyl)‐6‐(1,2,4‐triazol‐4‐yl)purine (6): Compound 5 (0.54 g, 1.48 mmol) was co‐evaporated with pyridine and treated with N,N‐bis[(dimethylamino)methylene]hydrazine dihydrochloride (5.16 g, 2.15 mmol; prepared as described below following ref. 28) which was previously dried over phosphorpentoxide under high vacuum for 2 h. This solid was diluted in dry pyridine (8 mL) and stirred under argon atmosphere in the dark at 85 °C for 48 h. Then all volatiles were removed under vacuum and the residue was co‐evaporated twice with toluene. The residue was filtrated and washed with methylene chloride. The solid N,N‐dimethylformamide‐azine dihydrochloride can be recycled. The filtrate was washed with a solution of 5 % citric acid, a saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate and a saturated solution of sodium chloride. The organic fractions were united and the volatiles were removed under vacuum. The residue was then purified by column chromatography (silica, 0.5–1.5 % methanol in methylene chloride). Yield: 0.47 g (76 %) of 6 as white foam. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, [D₆]DMSO): δ=2.05, 2.16 (s, 3 H; H₃C‐CO‐O(5′), H₃C‐CO‐OO(3′)), 3.31 (s, 3 H; H₃C‐O(2′)), 4.28–4.44 (m, 3 H; H‐C(4′), H_a,b‐C(5′)), 4.92 (ddt, J=6, 5.4 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(2′)), 5.53–5.56 (dd, J=3.9, 4.8 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(3′)), 6.24 (d, J=6 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(1′)), 7.34 (br s, 2 H; NH₂), 8.96 (s, 1 H; H‐C(8) or H‐C(2)), 9.03(s, 1 H; H‐C(2) or H‐C(8)), 9.63 ppm (s, 2 H; N=CH−N); ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, [D₆]DMSO): δ=21.16, 21.19 (2 C, O(5′)‐CO‐CH₃, O(3′)‐CO‐CH₃), 59.0 (1 C, H₃C‐O(2′)), 63.7 (1 C, C(5′)), 71.3 (1 H; C(3′)), 80.4 (1 H; C(2′)), 80.8 (1 C, C(4′)), 86.8 (1 C, C(1′)), 141.9 (2 C, N=CH−N), 146.8 (1 C, C(2) or C(8)), 152.8 ppm (1 C, C(8) or C(2)); HRMS (ESI): m/z calcd: 418.1470 [M+H]⁺; found: 418.1475.
6‐(N,N‐Dimethyl)‐2′‐O‐methyladenosine (7): Compound 6 (0.47 g, 1.12 mmol) was suspended in 33 % dimethylamine solution in ethanol (3 mL) and stirred under argon atmosphere at room temperature for 48 h. During that time, the white suspension turned into a clear solution. All volatiles were removed under vacuum. Further processing was done without further purification. For analytical reasons the crude product was purified by column chromatography (silica, 1–3 % methanol in methylene chloride). Yield: 0.34 g (98 %) of 7 as white foam. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, [D₆]DMSO): δ=3.31 (s, 3 H; H₃C‐O(2′)), 3.46 (br s, 6 H; (CH₃)₂‐N), 3.53–3.71 (m, 3 H; H‐C(4′), H_a,b‐C(5′)), 3.98 (s, 1 H; O(3′)), 4.33–4.34 (br, 2 H; H‐C(2′), H‐O(5′)), 5.24 (d, J=4.2 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(3′)), 5.33–537 (ddt, J=4.8, 5.0 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(4′)), 6.03 (d, J=4,2 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(1′)), 8.22 (s, 1 H; H‐C(8) or H‐C(2)), 8.40 ppm (s, 1 H; H‐C(2) or H‐C(8)); ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, [D₆]DMSO): δ=37.8 (1 C, H₃C‐N), 57.4 (1 C, H₃C‐O(2′)), 61.3 (1 C, C(5′)), 68.7 (1 H; C(3′)), 82.4 (1 H; C(2′)), 85.6 (1 C, C(1′)), 86.3 (1 C, C(4′)), 138.3 (1 C, C(2) or C(8)), 151.9 ppm (1 C, C(8) or C(2)); HRMS (ESI): m/z calcd: 310.1510 [M+H]⁺; found: 310.1515.
5′‐O‐Dimethoxytrityl‐6‐(N,N‐dimethyl)‐2′‐O‐methyladenosine (8): Compound 7 (0.24 g, 0.77 mmol) together with 4‐(dimethylamino)‐pyridine (14 mg, 0.12 mmol) were co‐evaporated with pyridine. The residue was diluted in dry pyridine (8 mL). 4,4′‐O‐Dimethoxytrityl chloride (0.32 g, 0.92 mmol) was dried for 2 h on high vacuum before it was added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature together with molecular sieves under argon atmosphere. The reaction was quenched with methanol (0.5 mL) before all volatiles were removed under reduced pressure. The residue was co‐evaporated three times with toluene. Afterward the product was purified by column chromatography (silica, 0–3 % methanol in methylene chloride). Another column chromatography (12–25 % acetone in toluene) can be necessary to further improve purity. Yield: 0.382 g (81 %) of 8 as white foam. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, [D₆]DMSO): δ=3.20 (m, 2 H; C(5′)‐H_a,b), 3.31–3.59 (br s, 6 H; H₃C−N), 3.73 (s, 6 H; 2×H₃C‐O‐(DMT)), 4.06 (m, 1 H; H‐C(4′)), 4.41 (s, 2 H; H‐C(3′), H‐C(2′)), 5.25 (s, 1 H; H‐O(3′)), 6.06 (s, 1 H; H‐C(1′)), 6.78–6.88 (m, 4 H; HC_ar(DMT)), 7.16–7.40 (m, 9 H; Char(DMT)), 8.18 (s, 1 H; H‐C(8) or H‐C(2)), 8.26 ppm (s, 1 H; H‐C(2) or H‐C(8)); ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, [D₆]DMSO): δ=38.8 (1 C, N‐CH₃), 55.5 (2 C, O‐CH₃(DMT)), 59.3 (1 C, H₃C‐O(2′)), 63.4 (1 C, C(5′)), 70.1 (1 C; C(3′)), 83.5 (1 C; C(2′)), 83.9 (1 C; C(4′)), 86.6 (1 C, C(1′)), 113.4 (4 C, Car(DMT)), 127.0 (1 C, Car(DMT)), 128.1 (2 C, Car(DMT)), 128.4 (2 C, Car(DMT)), 130.4 (4 C, Car(DMT)), 136.0 (1 C, C(2) or C(8)), 152.8 ppm (1 C, C(8) or C(2)); HRMS (ESI): m/z calcd: 612.2817 [M+H]⁺; found: 612.2822.
5′‐O‐Dimethoxytrityl‐6‐(N,N‐dimethyl)‐2′‐O‐methyladenosine‐3′‐(2‐cyanoethyl)‐N,N‐diisopropylphosphoramidite) (9): Compound 8 (0.54 g, 0.88 mmol) was dried under high vacuum for several hours and ventilated with argon. The solid was dissolved in dry methylene chloride (10 mL), and treated with N,N‐diisopropylethylamine (0.61 mL, 3.53 mmol) and 2‐cyanoethyl N,N‐diisopropylchlorophosphoramidite (0.42 g, 1.76 mmol). The reaction solution was stirred under argon atmosphere for 3.5 hours at room temperature. Then methanol (2 mL) was added and the solution was stirred for another 20 minutes. The solution was diluted with methylene chloride (1:10) and washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and saturated sodium chloride solution. The product was isolated by column chromatography (1 % triethylamine, 35 % ethyl acetate and 64 % n‐hexane). Yield: 551 mg (77 %) of white foam. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃): δ=1.06–1.07 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3 H; N‐CH‐(CH₃)₂), 1.19–1.22 (m, 9 H; N‐CH‐(CH₃)₂), 2.38–2.40 (m, 1 H; H‐C‐CN), 2.65–2.68 (m, 1 H; H‐C‐CN), 3.31–3.35 (m, H‐C(5′)), 3.48–3.69 (m, 12 H; N‐CH; H₂‐C(5′), H₃C‐O(2′), N‐(CH₃)₂, N‐CH, P‐O‐CH₂), 3.80–3.79 (2 s, O‐CH₃(DMT)), 3.87–3.98 (mP‐O‐CH₂‐), 4.33–4.39 (m, 1 H; H‐C(4′)), 4.55–4.67 (m, 2 H; H‐C(2′)), H‐C(3′)), 6.13–6.15 (m, 1 H; H‐C(1′)), 6.80–6.84 (m, 4 H; CH(ar, DMT)), 7.20–7.35 (m, 7 H; HC(ar, DMT)), 7.44–7.47 (m, 2 H; HC(ar, DMT)), 7.92–7.97 (2 s, 1 H; H‐C(8) or H‐C(2)), 8.30–8.28 ppm (2 s, 1 H; H‐C(2) or H‐C(8)); ³¹P NMR (162 MHz, CDCl₃, 25 °C): δ=150.21, 150.91 ppm; HRMS (ESI): m/z calcd: 812.3895 [M+H]⁺; found: 812.3901.
N,N‐bis[(Dimethylamino)methylene]hydrazine dihydrochloride:28 Thionyl chloride (1.4 mL, 19.3 mmol) was added dropwise to dry DMF (7 mL) under cooling with ice water. This transparent, slightly yellow solution was stirred for 20 h under argon. A solution of hydrazine monohydrate (0.24 mL, 1 equiv, 5.0 mmol) in dry DMF (7 mL) was added in drops and under cooling. This slightly yellow suspension was stirred for another 24 h under argon atmosphere. After the filtration the filter cake was washed with 10 mL DMF and 15 mL ethyl acetate and dried under high vacuum. Yield: 1.94 g (99 %) of white powder. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, [D₆]DMSO): δ=3.00 (s, 12 H; 4×NCH₃), 8.36 ppm (s, 2 H; 2×N=CH−N).
Guanosine 5′‐diphosphate di‐tributylammonium salt: DOWEX‐50WX8 200–400 resin (H+ form) was filtered with nanopure water using a glass frit (pore size 16–40 μm) to remove small particles. Afterward, guanosine 5′‐diphosphate disodium salt (0.5 g, 1 mmol) was dissolved in water (4 mL) and eluted through a column (1,5 cm) packed with 2 cm of wet DOWEX‐50WX8 200–400 for 10 minutes. After filtration into a flask with 25 mL ethanol at 0 °C, tributylamine (0.5 mL, 2 mmol) was added. The solution was stirred while the column was rinsed with water until pH was about 7–8 before all volatiles were removed under high vacuum. To preserve a dry powder further co‐evaporations (three times with ethanol and two times with dioxane) were performed. The resulting white solid was directly used without further purifications. Yield: 0.70 g (86 %) of a white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, [D₆]DMSO): δ=0.89 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 9 H; CH₃), 1.29 (m, 6 H; CH₂‐CH₃), 1.55 (m, 6 H; N‐CH₂‐CH₂), 2.86 (br s, J=7.6 Hz, 6 H; N‐CH₂), 3.92–4.05 (m, 3 H; H‐C(4′), H₂‐C(5′)), 4.27 (t, J=4 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(3′)), 4.47 (t, J=4.95 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(2′)), 5.68 (d, J=5.3 Hz, 1 H; H‐C(1′)), 6.62 (br s, NH₂), 7.89 (s, 1 H; H‐C(8)), 10.6 ppm (br s, NH); ³¹P NMR (162 MHz, DMSO, 25 °C): δ=−10.20 (d), −10.85 ppm (d).
RNA solid‐phase synthesis: All RNAs were assembled on an ABI392 synthesizer using 2′‐O‐TOM nucleoside phosphoramidites (ChemGenes Corporation) and CPG supports (2′‐tBDSilyl Guanosine (n‐PAC) 3′‐lcaa CPG 1000 Å, 2′‐tBDSilyl Adenosine (n‐PAC) 3′‐lcaa CPG 1000 Å, ≈40 μmol g⁻¹ ChemGenes Corporation). Standard RNA synthesis cycle: detritylation (120 s) with dichloroacetic acid/1,2‐dichloroethane (4:96); coupling (2.0 min) with phosphoramidites/acetonitrile (0.1 m) and benzylthiotetrazole/acetonitrile (0.3 m); capping (2×0.25 min, Cap A/Cap B=1:1) with Cap A: 4‐(dimethylamino)pyridine in acetonitrile (0.5 m) and Cap B: acetic anhydride/sym‐collidine/acetonitrile (2:3:5); oxidation (1.0 min) with iodine (20 mm) in tetrahydrofuran (THF)/pyridine/H₂O (35:10:5). Commercially available modified nucleoside building blocks: 2′‐O‐methyl adenosine and 2′‐O‐methyl cytidine (ChemGenes Corporation), were incorporated using modified synthesis cycles with longer coupling times (6 min).
RNA phosphitylation, hydrolysis, oxidative amidation was performed in analogy to ref. 29a, while Gpp attachment was performed in analogy to ref. 29b. Construction of the triphosphate‐bridged inverted guanosine to the RNA on the solid phase involved four steps, all of them performed under argon atmosphere. RNA phosphitylation was carried out by applying 0.5 mL of phosphitylation solution (2 mL diphenylphosphite, 8 mL anhydrous pyridine) over 300 s. This treatment was repeated twice. After washing the beads with acetonitrile, hydrolysis was performed using 0.5 mL of hydrolysis solution (1.0 mL of 1 m aqueous triethylammonium bicarbonate, 5 mL water and 4 mL acetonitrile) over a period of 5 min. This treatment was repeated four times. The solid support was then rinsed with 20 mL of acetonitrile before being dried under vacuum for several hours. Oxidative amidation was done by incubation with 0.5 mL of a solution containing 600 mg imidazole, 2 mL N,O‐bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide, 4 mL anhydrous acetonitrile, 4 mL bromotrichloromethane and 0.4 mL trimethylamine for 30 min. This treatment was repeated four times. The solid support was intensively rinsed with dry acetonitrile. Finally, Gpp attachment was achieved by application of 0.5 mL of coupling solution (0.28 m guanosine 5′‐diphosphate di‐tributylammonium salt [preparation see above] in dry DMF, 500 mm zinc chloride) over 8 h at room temperature. This treatment was repeated three times.
Gppp‐capped RNA deprotection: The solid supports with the Gppp‐capped and otherwise fully protected oligos were rinsed with DBU in acetonitrile (6 mL; 1 m), then washed with acetonitrile and dried. Cleavage from the support and base deprotection was effected by treating the solid support with a 1:1 mixture of 40 % aqueous methylamine and 30 % aqueous ammonia (AMA) in a screw‐cap vial for 2 h at 40 °C. The resulting suspensions were filtered and the filtrates dried. Removal of 2′‐O silyl protecting groups was carried out with of 1 m tetrabutylammonium fluoride trihydrate in THF (1 mL) for 6 h at 40 °C. The reaction was quenched by the addition of 1 m triethylammonium acetate solution (pH 7.4, 1 mL) and then concentrated to approximately 1 mL. This viscous solution was desalted by size exclusion chromatography on a HiPrep 26/10 Sephadex G25 column (GE Healthcare). The crude products were evaporated and re‐dissolved in water (1 mL). Quality assessment of the crude Gppp‐capped RNAs via anion‐exchange HPLC on a Dionex DNAPac PA‐100 column (4×250 mm); conditions: flow 1 mL min⁻¹; eluent A: 25 mm Tris hydrochloride, 6 m urea, pH 8.0, eluent B: 500 mm sodium perchlorate, 25 mm Tris hydrochloride, 6 m urea, pH 8.0; gradient: 0–60 % B in 45 minutes; temperature: 40 °C, UV detection at 260 nm. The Gppp‐capped RNAs were isolated by anion‐exchange HPLC on a Dionex DNAPac PA‐100 column (4×250 mm); Conditions: flow 1 mL min⁻¹; eluents: see above; temperature 40 °C; UV detection at 260 nm. The product fractions were diluted with an equal amount of triethylammonium bicarbonate buffer (100 mm, pH 7.4) and loaded onto equilibrated C18 Sep‐Pak (Waters Corporation). The cartridge was washed with water and the RNA was eluted with acetonitrile/water (1:1). All volatiles were evaporated and the residue re‐dissolved in water (1 mL). Yields were determined UV photometrically. The quality of the product was analyzed via anion‐exchange HPLC as described above and by reversed‐phase LC–ESI‐MS.
Enzymatic N7 methylation of Gppp‐RNA: The enzymatic transformation was conducted in analogy to refs. 31 and 32. In short, lyophilized Gppp‐RNA 10 (4 nmol) was dissolved in buffer (8.0 μL, 1.5 m NaCl, 200 mm Na₂HPO₄, pH 7.4) followed by the addition of an aqueous solution of S‐adenosylmethionine (2.0 μL, 12 nmol), and the addition of water to obtain a total volume of 68.8 μL. To the mixed solution, enzymes were added successively (1.6 μL of 50 μm MTAN, 1.6 μL of 50 μm LuxS, 8 μL of 50 μm Ecm1 (Figures S1 and S2 in the Supporting Information)). The mixture was incubated for 45 min at 37 °C. The solution was extracted twice with an equal volume of chloroform/isoamyl alcohol solution (24:1, v/v). The organic layers were rewashed twice with an equal volume of water. The aqueous layers were combined and lyophilized, to eliminate remaining organic solvents. Analysis of the methylation reaction and purification of the product was performed by anion‐exchange chromatography (conditions see above). The integrity of the product was confirmed by LC–ESI mass spectrometry (conditions see below).
Enzymatic ligation of cap‐4 RNA. The 38‐nt T. cruzi cap‐4 RNA was prepared by splinted enzymatic ligation of an 11‐nt cap‐4 RNA and a chemically synthesized 5′‐phosphorylated 27‐nt RNA by using T4 DNA ligase (Thermo Fisher) in analogy to ref. 34. Briefly, 10 μm of RNA fragment 10 (8 nmol), 12.5 μm of RNA fragment 11 (10 nmol), and 12.5 μm of a 20‐nt DNA splint oligonucleotide (IDT, 10 nmol) were heated at 70 °C for 2 min and passively cooled to room temperature. Afterward water was added up to a total volume of 560 μL before 10× ligation buffer (80 μL, Thermo Fisher) and PEG (80 μL, Thermo Fisher) was added. T4 DNA ligase (80 μL; Thermo Fisher, 5 U μL⁻¹) was added to a final concentration of 0.5 U μL⁻¹ in a total volume of 0.8 mL before the mixture was incubated for 2 h at 37 °C. Ligation was stopped by chloroform/isoamyl alcohol (24:1, v/v) extraction. After lyophilization and re‐dissolving, analysis of the ligation reaction and purification of the ligation products were performed by anion‐exchange chromatography (conditions see above). The integrity of product was confirmed by LC–ESI mass spectrometry (conditions see below).
Mass spectrometry of cap‐4 RNA. All experiments were performed on a Finnigan LCQ Advantage MAX ion trap instrument connected to a Thermo Fisher Ultimate 3000 system. RNA sequences were analyzed in negative‐ion mode with a potential of −4 kV applied to the spray needle. LC: sample (200 pmol RNA dissolved in 30 μL of 20 mm EDTA solution; average injection volume: 30 μL), column (Waters XTerraMS, C₁₈ 2.5 μm; 2.1×50 mm) at 21 °C; flow rate: 0.1 mL min⁻¹; eluent A: Et₃N (8.6 mm), 1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexafluoroisopropanol (100 mm) in H₂O (pH 8.0); eluent B: MeOH; gradient: 0–100 % B in A within 20 min; UV detection at 254 nm.

Leiter J., Reichert D., Rentmeister A, & Micura R. (2019). Practical Synthesis of Cap‐4 RNA. Chembiochem, 21(1-2), 265-271.

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Publication 2019

Chemoselective Synthesis of Pyridine Derivatives

Cited 2 times

Aldehyde 6 (1 equiv.) was dissolved in wet MeOH at 25 °C. The required aniline/amine (1 equiv.) was added dropwise by a syringe to the reaction flask followed by addition of ammonium bicarbonate (1 equiv.). Glyoxal (1 equiv.) was then added dropwise by a syringe and the reaction was allowed to stir at 25 ° C for 8 h. Upon complete conversion of the aldehyde, as observed by thin-layer chromatography, tetrabutylammonium fluoride was added dropwise by syringe and the reaction was allowed to stir at 25 °C for 30 min, at which time, the reaction was quenched with sat. aq. NH₄Cl and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were combined, dried over Na₂SO₄, and concentrated in vacuo. All compounds were purified via flash chromatography utilizing 95:5 (CH₂Cl₂:MeOH) as the eluent. Yields and characterization for all compounds are provided in the supplementary information.

Duerfeldt A.S., Peterson L.B., Maynard J.C., Ng C.L., Eletto D., Ostrovsky O., Shinogle H.E., Moore D.S., Argon Y., Nicchitta C.V, & Blagg B.S. (2012). Development of a Grp94 inhibitor. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 134(23), 9796-9804.

Publication 2012

Aldehydes Amines ammonium bicarbonate aniline Chromatography Glyoxal Syringes tetrabutylammonium fluoride Thin Layer Chromatography

Radiosynthesis of 18F-Labeled Peptides

Cited 2 times

Fluorine-18 was produced as [¹⁸F]fluoride ion by the ¹⁸O(p,n)¹⁸F reaction in [¹⁸O]water using a CTI/Siemens RDS112 11MeV cyclotron. [¹⁸F]fluoride was trapped by a QMA cartridge and eluted off with tetrabutylammonium bicarbonate (TBAB) into a 5-mL V-vial (Type I Borosilicate), followed by azeotropic drying. [¹⁸F]-fluoride was then dissolved in anhydrous MeCN for the labeling reactions.
Radiofluorination of 1⁺: In a typical experimental, 1⁺OTf^- (0.37 µmol) was mixed with SnCl₄ (3.0 µmol) in MeCN (20 µL). The resulting solution was then combined with a MeCN solution (50 µL) of [¹⁸F]fluoride (10 ± 3 mCi). After shaking at room temperature for 10 min, an aliquot of the reaction mixture (50-100 µCi) was collected for HPLC analysis. Integration of the radio-chromatogram indicated a conversion with a RCY > 95%. For animal studies, 3 ± 1 mCi of [¹⁸F]1⁺ was purified by HPLC. The HPLC mobile phase was then removed by rotary evaporation and the activity was reconstituted in 1 mL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and passed through a 0.22 µm syringe filter for in vivo animal experiments. Counted from the end of bombardment, the drying step was 25 min. Other steps include the reaction time (10 min), the sample preparation time (approx. 5 min), HPLC purification (20 min), and the rotary evaporation of the solvent (10-15 min).
Radiofluorination of 2: Compound 2 (130 µg, 0.23 µmol) was mixed with SnCl₄ (3.0 µmol) in MeCN (20 µL). The resulting solution was then combined with a MeCN solution (50 µL) of [¹⁸F]fluoride (10 ± 3 mCi). After shaking at room temperature for 10 min, a portion of the reaction mixture (3 ± 1 mCi) was loaded on the HPLC for purification. [¹⁸F]2 was obtained in a 79% labeling yield with an estimated specific activity of 35 ± 10 mCi/µmol.
Synthesis of [¹⁸F]2-RGD: [¹⁸F]2 was azeotropically dried twice at 80 °C using anhydrous MeCN. Then RGD (200 µg, 0.33 µmol) in DMSO (100 µL) was added to [¹⁸F]2 (2 mCi, 0.07 µmol), followed by addition of 2 µL diisopropylethylamine. The reaction remained at 50 °C under shaking for 15 min. After quenching the reaction with a 5% acetic acid solution (1 mL), a portion of the reaction mixture (1 ± 0.2 mCi) was loaded on the HPLC for purification. The HPLC solvents were removed by rotary evaporation and the activity was reconstituted in 1 mL PBS and passed through a 0.22 µm syringe filter for in vivo animal experiments. [¹⁸F]2-RGD was obtained in an 82% yield with an estimated specific activity of 19 ± 4 mCi/µmol.

Liu S., Lin T.P., Li D., Leamer L., Shan H., Li Z., Gabbaï F.P, & Conti P.S. (2013). Lewis Acid-Assisted Isotopic 18F-19F Exchange in BODIPY Dyes: Facile Generation of Positron Emission Tomography/Fluorescence Dual Modality Agents for Tumor Imaging. Theranostics, 3(3), 181-189.

Publication 2013

Acetic Acid Anabolism Animals Bicarbonates Cyclotrons Fluorides High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Phosphates Saline Solution Solvents stannic chloride Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Syringes tetrabutylammonium

Most recents protocols related to «Tetrabutylammonium fluoride»

Fluoride Titration of HCPyTSC

Protocol full text hidden due to copyright restrictions

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Publication 2024

Selective Deprotection of Pivalate Ester

Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (1
M in THF, 39 mL, 39.0 mmol, 1.82 equiv) was added to a solution of
pivalate 77 (12.2 g, 21.4 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in THF (68
mL) at 0 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1.5 h before
water was added. The mixture was extracted with MTBE (3×). The
combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over MgSO₄, and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product
was purified via column chromatography (petroleum ether:EtOAc 9:1)
providing aldehyde 39 (8.97 g, 21.1 mmol, 99%) as a colorless
oil. Aldehyde 39 was used in the next reaction without
detailed characterization.

Lücke D, & Kalesse M. (2024). Development of the Synthesis of Desepoxy-Tedanolide C. The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 89(4), 2408-2430.

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Publication 2024

PDMS Etching Process for Site Opening

PDMS etching solution for site opening was prepared by mixing Tetrabutylammonium fluoride solution (TBAF solution, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) by 1:3 ratio. The fabricated sample which was made in Sect. 2.2.4 was immersed into the etching solution and stirred at 70 rpm for 20 min. After etching process, the site-opened electrode was rinsed with deionized water. The fabricated results were shown in Fig. 4.Fig. 4

Top-view of the fabricated electrode and the SEM image of the site-opened electrode after PDMS etching process

Jeong H., Lee T., Kim J., Jeong H.S., Jun S.B, & Seo J.M. (2024). Fabrication and validation of flexible neural electrodes based on polyimide tape and gold sheet. Biomedical Engineering Letters, 14(2), 267-278.

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Publication 2024

Synthesis and Characterization of Cyanobenzene Derivatives

All the synthesis chemicals and reactants such as 1,4-dicyanobenzene

(C_{6} H_{4} {(C N)}_{2}

) (Sigma-Aldrich, Burlington, Massachusetts, MA, USA), sodium azide (

N a N_{3}

) (Sigma-Aldrich), zinc chloride (NaCl), nitric acid, 70% ACS (

H N O_{3}

) (Fermont), nickel (II) chloride hexahydrate (

N i C l_{2} \cdot 6 H_{2} O

), tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution (HT), technical, ~40% in

H_{2} O

(~1.5 M) (Sigma-Aldrich), ethanol, etc. and reagents for electrochemical analysis such as poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) (Sigma-Aldrich), 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidine (NMP) (Sigma-Aldrich), potassium hydroxide (KOH) (EMSURE^®, Darmstadt, Germany), activated charcoal (AC) (Supelco Analytical, St. Louis, SL, United States.), and conductive silver printing ink (Sigma-Aldrich) were purchased from different companies and utilized, without any further purifications.

Manquian C., Navarrete A., Vivas L., Troncoso L, & Singh D.P. (2024). Synthesis and Optimization of Ni-Based Nano Metal–Organic Frameworks as a Superior Electrode Material for Supercapacitor. Nanomaterials, 14(4), 353.

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Publication 2024

Synthesis of Copper-based Metal-Organic Framework

Tetrahydrofuran (THF), anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄), N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), copper nitrate trihydrate (Cu(NO₃)₂·3H₂O), and p-phthalic acid (H₂BDC) were procured from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) was purchased from Beijing InnoChem Science and Technology Co., Ltd. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) were procured from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium, fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin-streptomycin and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were purchased from Gibco (USA). The cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was obtained from Meilunbio (Dalian, China). The ROS assay kit was procured from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). Unless otherwise stated, all the solvents and chemicals were purchased commercially and used without further purification.

Xie W., Zhang Y., Xu Q., Zhong G., Lin J., He H., Du Q., Tan H., Chen M., Wu Z., Deng Y., Han Z., Lu J., Ye J., Zou F., Zhuo Y, & Zhong W. (2024). A Unique Approach: Biomimetic Graphdiyne-Based Nanoplatform to Treat Prostate Cancer by Combining Cuproptosis and Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 19, 3957-3972.

Publication 2024

Top products related to «Tetrabutylammonium fluoride»

Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) by Merck Group

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DMSO is a versatile organic solvent commonly used in laboratory settings. It has a high boiling point, low viscosity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of polar and non-polar compounds. DMSO's core function is as a solvent, allowing for the effective dissolution and handling of various chemical substances during research and experimentation.

Dnapac pa 100 column by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States

The DNAPac PA-100 column is a high-performance anion-exchange chromatography column designed for the separation and purification of DNA and RNA molecules. It features a non-porous polymer-based resin that provides efficient and reproducible separation of nucleic acids based on their charge differences.

Tetrabutylammonium fluoride by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in Japan

Tetrabutylammonium fluoride is a quaternary ammonium salt that serves as a source of the fluoride ion. It is commonly used as a reagent in organic synthesis and as a deprotecting agent in the preparation of certain compounds.

Triethylamine by Merck Group

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Triethylamine is a clear, colorless liquid used as a laboratory reagent. It is a tertiary amine with the chemical formula (CH3CH2)3N. Triethylamine serves as a base and is commonly employed in organic synthesis reactions.

Tetrabutylammonium fluoride by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom

Tetrabutylammonium fluoride is a chemical compound used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It is a source of the fluoride ion and can be used in various chemical reactions. The compound has a crystalline structure and is typically sold as a solution in organic solvents.

Imidazole by Merck Group

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Imidazole is a heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C3H4N2. It is a five-membered aromatic ring containing two nitrogen atoms. Imidazole serves as a core functional group in various chemical and biological applications.

Ag 50w x8 resin by Bio-Rad

Sourced in United States

The AG 50W-X8 resin is a strong cation exchange resin made of sulfonated polystyrene cross-linked with divinylbenzene. It is designed for a variety of ion exchange applications, including sample preparation, purification, and desalting.

Hiprep 26 10 desalting 2.6 10 cm by GE Healthcare

The HiPrep™ 26/10 Desalting column is a size exclusion chromatography column with dimensions of 2.6 × 10 cm. It is designed to separate small molecules such as salts from larger molecules like proteins.

N hydroxysulfosuccinimide by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom

N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide is a water-soluble N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester. It is commonly used as a crosslinking agent in biochemical applications.

Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution is a chemical compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a quaternary ammonium hydroxide solution with a chemical formula of (C4H9)4NOH. The solution is commonly used in various analytical and synthetic chemistry applications.

What are some common applications of tetrabutylammonium fluoride?

Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) is a versatile reagent with a wide range of applications in organic synthesis and materials science. It is commonly used as a source of fluoride ions for deprotection reactions, fluorination reactions, and other transformations. TBAF can also act as a phase-transfer catalyst, enhancing the solubility and reactivity of the fluoride ion in organic solvents. Researchers often use TBAF for tasks like silyl ether deprotection, fluorination of alkyl halides, and various other fluoride-mediated reactions.

Are there any variations or different types of tetrabutylammonium fluoride?

Yes, there are several variations of tetrabutylammonium fluoride that researchers can choose from. The most common form is the anhydrous TBAF, but hydrated versions like TBAF·3H2O are also available. The choice of TBAF type can depend on the specific reaction conditions and requirements. For example, the hydrated form may be more suitable for reactions in protic solvents, while the anhydrous version may be preferred for reactions in aprotic solvents. Researchers should consider the solubility, reactivity, and other properties of the different TBAF forms when selecting the most appropriate one for their needs.

What are some common challenges or considerations when using tetrabutylammonium fluoride?

One key challenge when using tetrabutylammonium fluoride is its high reactivity and potential for undesired side reactions. TBAF is a strong nucleophile and base, so it can lead to unwanted byproducts or overreactions if not carefully controlled. Researchers should be mindful of the reaction conditions, stoichiometry, and compatibility of TBAF with other functional groups in the molecule. Additionally, TBAF is hygroscopic, so it's important to handle it under anhydrous conditions to prevent hydrolysis and loss of reactivity. Proper storage and handling procedures are crucial to ensure the reliability and reproducibility of TBAF-mediated reactions.

How can PubCompare.ai assist in the use of tetrabutylammonium fluoride?

PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can be extremely helpful for researchers working with tetrabutylammonium fluoride. The platform allows you to efficiently screen the literature and identify the most effective protocols related to TBAF for your specific research goals. PubCompare.ai's powerful AI tools can highlight key differences in protocol effectiveness, enabling you to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuracy. By leveraging the platform's insightful comparisons, you can streamline your research process and optimize your TBAF-based procedures, saving time and resources. The platform's ability to pinpoint critical insights from a vast body of literature can be invaluable in navigating the complexities of TBAF usage and finding the most suitable solutions for your needs.

What are the benefits of using PubCompare.ai to optimize tetrabutylammonium fluoride protocols?

Using PubCompare.ai to optimize your tetrabutylammonium fluoride protocols offers several key benefits. First, the platform allows you to screen protocol literature more efficiently, saving you time and effort. Second, PubCompare.ai's AI-driven analysis can highlight critical insights that help you identify the most effective TBAF-related protocols for your specific research goals. This enables you to choose the best option in terms of reproducibility, accuracy, and overall effectiveness. By leveraging the platform's insightful comparisons, you can streamline your research process and ensure you're using TBAF in the most optimal way possible. This can ultimately lead to more successful experiments, higher-quality data, and more efficient use of resources.

More about "Tetrabutylammonium fluoride"

Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) is a versatile chemical compound widely used in organic synthesis and materials science.
It is a source of fluoride ions (F-) and has numerous applications, including deprotection, fluorination, and other important reactions.
The tetrabutylammonium (TBA+) cation acts as a phase-transfer catalyst, enhancing the solubility and reactivity of the fluoride ion.
Researchers can leverage the power of PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform to optimize their TBAF protocols.
By easily locating and comparing procedures from literature, preprints, and patents, they can identify the best solutions for their specific needs and streamline their research process.
This is further facilitated by the insightful comparisons provided by the platform's powerful AI tools.
TBAF is often used in conjunction with other reagents and solvents, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), DNAPac PA-100 column, triethylamine (Et3N), imidazole, and AG 50W-X8 resin.
The HiPrep™ 26/10 Desalting column can be employed for desalting and purification purposes.
N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS) may also be utilized in some reactions involving TBAF.
Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH) solution is another related compound that can be used as a base in organic synthesis.
Researchers can leverage the insights gained from PubCompare.ai's AI-powered platform to optimize their protocols and streamline their research involving these various reagents and techniques.