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Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester

Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester is a fluorescent dye commonly used in biological research.
It is a derivative of the rhodamine family of dyes, known for their bright, photostable fluorescence.
Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester is often used to label and track cellular structures, proteins, and nucleic acids in live-cell imaging and flow cytometry applications.
It has excitation and emission spectra well-suited for standard fluorescence microscopy equipment.
Researchers use this versatile dye to study a variety of biological processes, from protein trafficking to cell signaling pathways.
The methyl ester group enhances cell permeability, allowing for efficient labeling of intracellular targets.
Pubcompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help researchers identify the most accurate and reproducible protocols for using tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester, enabling confident and streamlined experimental design.

Most cited protocols related to «Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester»

Myocytes were loaded with dyes for >20 min on a microscope stage, incubated in Hepes-buffered solution (same composition as the storage solution) at 23°C, and imaged with a LSM-410 inverted confocal microscope using a Plan-Neofluar 63×/1.4N.A. oil immersion lens (Carl Zeiss, Inc.). Time scans were recorded from mitochondria arrayed along individual myofibrils in a multichannel line-scan mode with excitation at both 488 nm (for 2, 7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate [DCF], diaminofluorescein diacetate [DAF]-2, and calcein-AM) and 568 nm (for TMRE, TMRM [tetramethylrhodamine, methyl and ethyl ester, respectively], and MitoTracker® Red CMXRos; Molecular Probes, Inc.), collecting simultaneous fluorescence emission at 515–540 nm and >590 nm, respectively. Each image consisted of 512–1,024 line scans obtained at 2–230 Hz, each line comprising 512 pixels spaced at 0.050-μm intervals. The confocal pinhole was set to obtain spatial resolutions of 0.4 μm in the horizontal plane and 1.0 μm in the axial dimension. Some protocols were performed using 351 nm excitation, collecting 400–435 nm fluorescence emission, using a Zeiss c-apo 63×/1.3N.A. water immersion lens. Experiments were carried out at 23°C. Image processing was done using MetaMorph® software (Universal Imaging).
Publication 2000
Dyes Esters Fluorescence fluorexon HEPES Lens, Crystalline LINE-1 Elements Microscopy Microscopy, Confocal Mitochondria MitoTracker red CMXRos Molecular Probes Muscle Cells Myofibrils Radionuclide Imaging Submersion tetramethylrhodamine
ATP levels were determined with CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay kit (Promega, USA) according to the manufacturer’s specifications. Intracellular NAD(P)H levels were measured by auto-fluorescence using specific excitation and emission wavelengths of 340/428 nm as described26 (link). Mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) and intracellular ROS levels in intact cells were determined by flow cytometry using the potentiometric probe tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM, Molecular Probe) and dihydroethidium (DHE) probe, respectively. Details are provided in the supplementary document.
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Publication 2018
Cells Cell Survival dihydroethidium Flow Cytometry Fluorescence Luminescent Measurements Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial Molecular Probes NADH Potentiometry Promega Protoplasm tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester
For determination of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Scheffler, 1999 ; Nicholls and Budd, 2000 (link)), a 5 μM stock of tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM, Molecular Probes) in DMSO was diluted into F+ medium to a final concentration of 20 nM. Cultures were exposed to 20 nM TMRM for 20 min at 37°C to allow dye equilibration across the plasma and inner mitochondrial membranes (Johnson et al., 1980 (link); Farkas et al., 1989 (link); Scaduto and Grotyohann, 1999 (link)). To confirm the rate of equilibration of TMRM across the plasma membrane, cytoplasmic fluorescence was measured in axons and growth cones after incubation in 20 nM dye for times ranging from 2 to 20 min. In both regions cytoplasmic fluorescence reached its peak level within 2 min and increased no further, indicating that a 20 min incubation is more than adequate for dye equilibration. The matrix TMRM concentration of cells exposed in this way is subquenching, resulting in a direct relationship between fluorescence intensity and ΔΨm (Ward et al., 2000 (link); Nakayama et al., 2002 (link)). For imaging, the medium was replaced with F+ containing 5 nM TMRM. Mitotracker Green FM (Molecular Probes) was stored as a stock in DMSO and diluted to a final concentration of 50 nM in F+ medium along with 20 nM TMRM. Cells were incubated in this mixture for 15 min before being transferred to F+ medium with 20 nM TMRM but no Mitotracker and incubated for 5 min more to rinse out excess MitoTracker. For microscopy, cells were transferred to F+ with 5 nM TMRM. JC-1 staining was carried out as previously described (Overly et al., 1996 (link)).
Publication 2008
Axon Cells Cytoplasm Cytosol Fluorescence Growth Cones Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial Microscopy Mitochondrial Membrane, Inner mitotracker green FM Molecular Probes Plasma Plasma Membrane Sulfoxide, Dimethyl tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester
All flow cytometry experiments were performed on a BD LSR II (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA). The fluorescent probes were purchased from Invitrogen/Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR, USA) unless otherwise stated. ΔΨm was measured using 10 nM tetramethylrhodamine, methyl ester (TMRM) (catalog No. T668; ex543, em567) and 40 nM 3,3′-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide (DiOC6) (catalog No. D273; ex488, em525). Mitochondrial mass was evaluated with 150 nM MitoTracker Green (MTG) (catalog No. M7514; ex490, em516) and 2.5 μM nonylacridine orange (NAO) (catalog No. A1372; ex490, em540). The concentration of NO, a reactive nitrogen species (RNS), was measured by 1 μM 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorescein (DAF-FM) (catalog No. D23844; ex495, em518). H2O2levels were evaluated using 10 μM 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA) (catalog No. C400; ex495, em529). Dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR) (catalog No. D23806; ex507 em527) and dihydroethidium (HE) (catalog No. D11347; ex635 em610) were also used. Data were analyzed with FlowJo version 7.5.5 software (Tree Star Inc., Ashland, OR, USA).
Publication 2017
3,3'-dihexaoxycarbocyanine iodide dichlorofluorescin dihydroethidium dihydrorhodamine 123 Esters Flow Cytometry Fluorescent Probes Iodides Mitochondria Molecular Probes N(10)-nonylacridine orange Reactive Nitrogen Species tetramethylrhodamine Trees

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Publication 2010
Cell Respiration Fluorescent Probes Light Mitochondrial Inheritance NADH physiology tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester

Most recents protocols related to «Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester»

To measure mitochondrial superoxide and the mitochondrial membrane potential state, cells were labelled with 5 μM MitoSOX Red mitochondrial superoxide indicator reagent (ThermoFisher) or with 100 nM TMRM (ThermoFisher) and were incubated for 30 min at 37 ºC. Cells then were washed with PBS prior to cell surface staining as described above and analyzed by for flow cytometry.
Publication 2024
TMRM (#T668, Thermo Fisher Scientific) intensity (excitation/emission, 548/574 nm) was measured according to the manufacturer’s instructions Briefly, cells were added with staining solution at a final concentration of 100 nM and incubated for 30 min at 37 °C. After washing with PBS, the fluorescence was measured using SpectraMax i3. Results were normalized to the number of cells.
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Publication 2024
AGS cells treated with the designated drugs were incubated with 100 nM tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) for 30 min. Subsequently, the fluorescence intensities were checked using FACS CANTO II.
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Publication 2024
The mitochondrial membrane potential was determined using tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM) (Invitrogen) as previously described34 (link). The TMRM fluorescence intensity was measured via flow cytometry using an LSR Fortessa cytometer. The experiments were independently repeated three times, and the results are presented as the mean ± SD.
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Publication 2024

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Publication 2024

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Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM) is a fluorescent dye used in biological research. It is a cell-permeant cationic dye that accumulates in active mitochondria due to their large membrane potential. TMRM can be used to monitor mitochondrial membrane potential and assess mitochondrial function in living cells.
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MitraTracker Green is a fluorescent dye used to label and monitor mitochondria in live cells. It passively diffuses across the cell membrane and accumulates in active mitochondria. The dye exhibits enhanced fluorescence upon binding to the mitochondrial membrane potential.
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Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester is a fluorescent dye commonly used in biological research. It has an excitation maximum at 548 nm and an emission maximum at 573 nm. The dye can be used to label proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules for visualization and detection purposes.
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MitoSOX Red is a fluorogenic dye designed to measure superoxide in the mitochondria of live cells. It is readily oxidized by superoxide but not by other reactive oxygen species. The oxidized product is highly fluorescent, allowing for the detection and quantification of mitochondrial superoxide.
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MitoSOX is a fluorogenic dye that can be used to detect superoxide (O2-) in the mitochondria of live cells. It is a highly selective indicator of superoxide in the mitochondria.
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MitoTracker Green FM is a fluorescent dye that specifically labels mitochondria in live cells. It passively diffuses across the plasma membrane and accumulates in active mitochondria. The dye exhibits bright green fluorescence upon binding to mitochondrial lipids.
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Hoechst 33342 is a fluorescent dye that binds to DNA. It is commonly used in various applications, such as cell staining and flow cytometry, to identify and analyze cell populations.
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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
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MitraTracker Red CMXRos is a fluorescent dye that can be used to stain mitochondria in live cells. It is a cell-permeant dye that accumulates in active mitochondria, enabling the visualization and analysis of mitochondrial structure and function.
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The FACSCanto II is a flow cytometer instrument designed for multi-parameter analysis of single cells. It features a solid-state diode laser and up to four fluorescence detectors for simultaneous measurement of multiple cellular parameters.

More about "Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester"

Tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM) is a versatile fluorescent dye widely used in biological research.
It is a member of the rhodamine family, known for their bright and photostable fluorescence.
TMRM is commonly employed to label and track cellular structures, proteins, and nucleic acids in live-cell imaging and flow cytometry applications.
Its excitation and emission spectra are well-suited for standard fluorescence microscopy equipment, making it a popular choice among researchers.
TMRM's methyl ester group enhances cell permeability, allowing for efficient labeling of intracellular targets.
This property makes it a valuable tool for studying a variety of biological processes, from protein trafficking to cell signaling pathways.
Researchers also utilize related dyes, such as MitoTracker Green and MitoSOX Red, to investigate mitochondrial function and oxidative stress.
To ensure accurate and reproducible experimental results, researchers can leverage Pubcompare.ai's AI-driven platform.
This innovative tool compares data from literature, pre-prints, and patents to identify the most reliable protocols for using TMRM and other fluorescent dyes.
By streamlining the experimental design process, Pubcompare.ai enables researchers to conduct their studies with confidence and efficiency.
In addition to TMRM, researchers may employ other fluorescent labels, such as Hoechst 33342 for nucleic acid staining and FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum) for cell culture applications.
The MitoTracker Red CMXRos dye is another useful tool for visualizing mitochondria in live cells.
By utilizing the insights and optimized protocols provided by Pubcompare.ai, researchers can unlock the full potential of TMRM and other fluorescent dyes, advancing their scientific understanding and discoveries.