Triazoles
These compounds have diverse pharmaceutical and agricultural applications, including use as antifungal, antidepressant, and herbicide agents.
Triazoles exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities and are an important area of research in medicinal chemistry and related fields.
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Example 13
Complex Em7-s*:
0.90 g (2.7 mmol) of 5-methoxy-1,3,4-triphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazole C1 are heated to 90° C. under reduced pressure for 20 h. After cooling to room temperature, first 800 ml of anhydrous toluene and then 0.99 g (0.9 mmol) of chloro dimer D2 are added. The mixture is stirred under reflux for 3 h. The precipitate formed is filtered off. The filtrate is washed successively with 3×50 ml of saturated NaHCO3 solution and 1×50 ml of distilled water, dried over MgSO4 and freed of the solvent under reduced pressure. The residue is purified by column chromatography (cyclohexane/acetone=2/1). As well as 50 mg of the complex Em6-s, 150 mg of the complex Em7-s* are obtained.
1H NMR (CD2Cl2, 500 MHz):
δ=3.86 (s, 3H), 5.95 (bd, 3JH,H=7.3 Hz, 2H), 6.23 (bd, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 6.38 (bt, 3JH,H=7.3 Hz, 1H), 6.44 (bd, 3JH,H=7.3 Hz, 1H), 6.54 (bt, 3JH,H=7.5 Hz, 1H), 6.61-6.67 (m, 4H), 6.78-6.91 (m, 5H), 6.96 (bt, 3JH,H=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.07-7.13 (m, 4H), 7.19-7.36 (m, 12H), 7.53 (bd, 3JH,H=7.0 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (bd, 3JH,H=7.3 Hz, 1H).
Photoluminescence (in a film, 2% in PMMA):
λmax=482, 508 nm, CIE: (0.24; 0.40)
Example 47
Azide Polymer Synthesis for Click Conjugation to Alkyne Terminated DNA Oligo
A solution of azidohexanoic acid NHS ester (2.5 mg) in anhydrous DMF (100 μL) was added to a solution of the amine-functional polymer (9.9 mg) in anhydrous DMF (100 μL) under argon. Diisopropylethylamine (2 μL) was then added. The reaction was agitated at room temperature for 15 hours. Water was then added (0.8 mL) and the azide-modified polymer was purified over a NAP-10 column. The eluent was freeze dried overnight. Yield 9.4 mg, 95%.
Oligo Synthesis with Pendant Alkyne (Hexyne) for Click Conjugation to Azide Polymer
The 3′ propanol oligo A8885 (sequence YATTTTACCCTCTGAAGGCTCCP, where Y=hexynyl group and P=propanol group) was synthesized using 3′ spacer SynBase™ CPG 1000 column on an Applied Biosystems 394 automated DNA/RNA synthesizer. A standard 1.0 mole phosphoramidite cycle of acid-catalyzed detritylation, coupling, capping and iodine oxidation was used. The coupling time for the standards monomers was 40 s, and the coupling time for the 5′ alkyne monomer was 10 min.
The oligo was cleaved from the solid support and deprotected by exposure to concentrated aqueous ammonia for 60 min at room temperature, followed by heating in a sealed tube for 5 h at 55° C. The oligo was then purified by RP-HPLC under standard conditions. Yield 34 OD.
Solution Phase Click Conjugation: Probe Synthesis
A solution of degassed copper sulphate pentahydrate (0.063 mg) in aqueous sodium chloride (0.2 M, 2.5 μL) was added to a degassed solution of tris-benzo triazole ligand (0.5 mg) and sodium ascorbate (0.5 mg) in aqueous sodium chloride (0.2 M, 12.5 μL). Subsequently, a degassed solution of oligo A8885 (50 nmole) in aqueous sodium chloride (0.2 M, 30 μL) and a degassed solution of azide polymer (4.5 mg) in anhydrous DMF (50 μL) were added, respectively. The reaction was degassed once more with argon for 30 s prior to sealing the tube and incubating at 55° C. for 2 h. Water (0.9 mL) was then added and the modified oligo was purified over a NAP-10 column. The eluent was freeze-dried overnight. The conjugate was isolated as a distinct band using PAGE purification and characterized by mass spectrometry. Yield estimated at 10-20%.
Fluorescence Studies
The oligo-polymer conjugate was used as a probe in fluorescence studies. The probe was hybridized with the target A8090 (sequence GGAGCCTTCAGAGGGTAAAAT-Dabcyl), which was labeled with dabcyl at the 3′ end to act as a fluorescence quencher. The target and probe were hybridized, and fluorescence monitored in a Peltier-controlled variable temperature fluorimeter. The fluorescence was scanned every 5° C. over a temperature range of 30° C. to 80° C. at a rate of 2° C./min.
Polymer conjugation to nucleic acids can also be performed using methods adapted from the protocols described in Examples 14, 45 and 46.
Example 28
To a solution of (R)-1-(tert-butyl)-N-(8-(2-((1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[c]azepin-5-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamide (200 mg, 0.4 mmol) in CH3CN (5 mL) was added 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (190 mg, 0.6 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 12 h. After concentration of the reaction mixture, the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (PE:EtOAc=1:1) to give (R)-1-(tert-butyl)-N-(8-(2-((1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[c]azepin-5-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamide as a yellow solid (85 mg, yield: 36%). ESI-MS (M+H)+: 569.3. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.42 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.03-7.99 (m, 3H), 7.61 (s, 1H), 7.49 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 5.60-5.57 (m, 1H), 4.39-4.35 (m, 1H), 4.17-4.12 (m, 1H), 3.89 (s, 3H) 3.43-3.32 (m, 2H), 3.16-3.09 (m, 2H), 2.24-2.20 (m, 1H), 1.98-1.94 (m, 1H), 1.74 (s, 9H).
Example 555
(S)-2-(2,5-difluoro-4-(6-((4-fluoro-6-(1-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl)methoxy)pyridin-2-yl)benzyl)-1-(4,4-dimethyltetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-6-carboxylic acid was prepared in a manner as described in Procedure 41, starting with Intermediate I-1347 and 1-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)triazole. 1H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 8.89 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1H), 8.83 (s, 1H), 8.23 (s, 1H), 8.12 (dd, J=8.6, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 8.03-7.90 (m, 1H), 7.88-7.69 (m, 3H), 7.65-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.36 (dd, J=11.2, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (dd, J=8.2, 0.7 Hz, 1H), 5.68 (s, 2H), 5.09 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.76-4.56 (m, 3H), 4.52 (dd, J=11.5, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 4.40 (s, 3H), 3.99 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 3.83 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 1.40 (s, 3H), 0.74 (s, 3H). ES/MS m/z: 670.1 (M+H+).
Example 554
(S)-2-(2,5-difluoro-4-(6-((2-fluoro-4-(1-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl)benzyl)oxy)pyridin-2-yl)benzyl)-1-(4,4-dimethyltetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-6-carboxylic acid was prepared in a manner as described in Procedure 41, starting with Intermediate I-1220 and 1-methyl-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)triazole. 1H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-d4) δ 8.88 (s, 1H), 8.16 (dd, J=8.6, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.97-7.86 (m, 2H), 7.84 (dd, J=8.3, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.80-7.68 (m, 2H), 7.59 (dd, J=7.2, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.49-7.33 (m, 3H), 6.95 (dd, J=8.3, 0.6 Hz, 1H), 5.64 (s, 2H), 5.13 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 4.81-4.57 (m, 3H), 4.52 (dd, J=11.6, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (s, 3H), 3.99 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 3.84 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 1.41 (s, 3H), 0.75 (s, 3H). ES/MS m/z: 669.1 (M+H+).
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More about "Triazoles"
These five-membered ring structures, consisting of three nitrogen atoms, exhibit a diverse range of pharmaceutical and agricultural applications, including use as antifungal, antidepressant, and herbicide agents.
The versatility of triazoles can be attributed to their broad spectrum of biological activities, making them an important area of research in medicinal chemistry and related fields.
Compounds such as 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT), a commonly used triazole reagent, have found applications in various experimental procedures, including the PGADT7 and PGBKT7 vectors, which are crucial tools in yeast two-hybrid assays.
Triazole-based molecules can also be combined with solvents like DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) to create effective formulations, as exemplified by the triazole reagent A8056.
Researchers in the field of triazoles often leverage these diverse compounds and their derivatives to explore novel therapeutic avenues and tackle agricultural challenges.
With the growing importance of triazoles, platforms like PubCompare.ai have emerged as valuable resources, empowering scientists to optimize their research by locating relevant protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, and leveraging AI-driven comparisons to identify the most effective protocols and products.
This can significantly enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of triazoles-related studies, supporting advancements in this dynamic and impactful area of scientific inquiry.