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Tropicamide

Tropicamide is a topical ophthalmic medication used to dilate the pupil and relax the eye's focusing mechanism.
It is commonly used during eye examinations and surgical procedures.
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Most cited protocols related to «Tropicamide»

All animal procedures were conducted in accordance with the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) statements on the care and used of animals in ophthalmic research. Adult male rd1 mice (>6 weeks of age) were anaesthetised by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine (72 mg/kg) and xylazine (16 mg/kg). The pupils were fully dilated with 1% tropicamide and 2.5% phenylephrine eye drops, and a custom-made ultrafine needle (Hamilton RN needle, 34 gauge) was attached to a 5 μl Hamilton glass syringe and passed at 45 degrees through the pars plana into the vitreous cavity (for intravitreal delivery) or into the subretinal space without retinal perforation (for subretinal delivery). Injections were performed under direct visualisation of the needle tip using an operating microscope (Leica Microsystems), avoiding lenticular contact and blood vessels. Each eye received a total intravitreal dose of 1E+14 genome copies in a 3 μl volume or 2 μl subretinal bleb (6 eyes per vector).
Publication 2021
Adult Animals Blood Vessel Cloning Vectors Dental Caries Eye Eye Drops Genome Injections, Intraperitoneal Ketamine Lens, Crystalline Males Mice, House Microscopy Needles Obstetric Delivery Phenylephrine Planum Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases Pupil Retinal Perforations Syringes Tropicamide Vision Xylazine

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Publication 2015
Alzheimer's Disease Brain Injuries Corneal Diseases Dark Adaptation Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis Eligibility Determination Ethics Committees, Research Eye Eye Disorders Fingers Forehead Glaucoma Head Hypersensitivity Infrared Rays Lens, Crystalline Light Macula Lutea Mental Disorders Meridians Neural-Optical Lesion Parkinson Disease Patients Phenylephrine Hydrochloride Photophobia Primary Health Care Pupil Retina Retinal Diseases Tropicamide Visual Acuity
Ophthalmic examinations including slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fundus evaluation, and Goldmann applanation tonometry were performed. After the examination, the pupils of each subject were dilated with 0.5% tropicamide and 0.5% phenylephrine hydrochloride. Blood pressure and IOP were measured after patients had rested for 10 minutes in a sitting position in a dark room, and then ocular circulation was assessed using LSFG-NAVI. To determine intrasession reproducibility, LSFG was performed three times within 10 minutes. The position of each subject’s face was reset on the head holder for each examination. The centre of the captured image was set as the midpoint between the optic disk and the macula (Figure 1A and B). Previous eye position was recorded using LSFG Measure (v 6.64.00; Softcare Ltd, Kyushu, Japan), which enabled us to capture the same area in the following examination. In addition, LSFG-NAVI allowed the investigator to adjust the focus by looking at the live-capture image. If the focus of the image was not satisfactory, horizontal dark lines appeared on the live image. Three parameters of the MBR in the optic disk were calculated by the LSFG Analyzer software (v 3.0.47; Softcare Ltd, Kyushu, Japan). After we had identified the margin of the optic disk by hand using a round band, the software segmented out the vessel using the automated definitive threshold and analysis of all the mean of the MBRs (AM), the vessel mean (VM), and the tissue mean (TM) (Figure 1C). These parameters were also calculated for the quadrant area of the superior (S), inferior (I), temporal (T), and nasal areas (N) of the optic disk (Figure 1D). For the analysis of retinal arteries, retinal veins, and choroids, we used the rectangular band (Figure 1B). For accurate sampling of retinal arteries and retinal veins, it is better to set the region of interest (ROI) to more than 1000 pixels and place it on the vessel, avoiding inclusion of the nonvessel tissue. For analysis of the choroid, a square ROI (150 × 150 pixels) was set at one disk diameter away from the temporal margin of the disk without including the main retinal vessels (Figure 1B). All ROI positions were saved and used on the same patient for subsequent analyses.
Publication 2011
Blood Pressure Blood Vessel Choroid Face Head Macula Lutea Nose Optic Disk Patients Phenylephrine Hydrochloride Physical Examination Pupil Retinal Arteries, Central Retinal Vessels Slit Lamp Examination Tissues Tonometry, Ocular Tropicamide Veins, Central Retinal Vision
Prior to imaging, one drop each of tropicamide (1%) and of phenylephrine hydrochloride (2.5%) was instilled in each eye for pupillary dilation and cycloplegia. Multiple scans were acquired in each eye of all subjects using the Bioptigen spectral-domain (SD) OCT (Bioptigen, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA). Vertical and horizontal line scans centered on the fovea were obtained, with a nominal scan length of 7 mm (1000 A-scans/B-scan, 120 B-scans). From these, between 10 and 50 B-scans were registered and averaged to improve signal-to-noise ratio using ImageJ software (http://imagej.nih.gov/ij/; provided in the public domain by the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA).34 (link),35 (link) To ensure the foveal location of these line scans, horizontal and vertical volume scans (nominally 7 × 7 mm) were also obtained (750 A-scans/B-scan, 250 B-scans), and manually inspected to identify the location of the center of the foveal pit. Layer nomenclature follows that of Staurenghi et al.36 (link) Foveal line scans were graded by two observers (CSL, JC) based on the scheme defined by Sundaram et al.,26 (link) which specifies the integrity of the EZ (IS/OS) band. Grade I corresponds to an intact band, grade II corresponds to some disruption of the band, grade III corresponds to an absence of the band, grade IV describes a hyporeflective region below the external limiting membrane (ELM), and grade V corresponds to outer retinal atrophy (Fig. 1). Grading was confirmed by examining OCT scans acquired at the individual recruitment sites, which were obtained using the Spectralis SD-OCT system (Heidelberg Engineering, Inc., Heidelberg, Germany). This was done in consultation with an additional observer (MP), and any grading discrepancies were resolved by consensus. The five grading discrepancies that did occur were often due to the position of the scans obtained at the recruitment sites not being centered on the fovea. Outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness was measured by taking 5-pixel wide longitudinal reflectivity profiles at the foveal center. As in previous studies,24 (link),26 (link),37 (link)41 (link, link, link, link) the ONL thickness was defined as the distance between the ELM and the next vitread hyperreflective band (Fig. 2). In individuals with complete displacement of the inner retinal layers at the fovea, the vitread boundary is the internal limiting membrane (ILM), while in individuals with hypoplasia it is typically the outer plexiform layer (OPL).36 (link) Additionally, Cirrus HD-OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA, USA) line and volume scans were acquired along with a corresponding line scan ophthalmoscope fundus image to determine the location of the center of the foveal pit.
Publication 2016
Atrophy Cycloplegics hypoplasia Mydriasis Ophthalmoscopes Phenylephrine Hydrochloride Public Domain Radionuclide Imaging Retina Tissue, Membrane Tropicamide
We tested the procedure in 53 eyes: 15 corresponding to a group of normal young subjects (average age = 28±5 y/o); and the other 38 eyes (average age = 73±7 y/o) were patients with diagnosed cataracts. One eye per patient was evaluated. Every patient was informed of the subject of the study, and a written informed consent obtained, following the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the “Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca” ethics committee. Firstly, we evaluate the subjects' visual acuity and refraction. In every subject, an ophthalmological exam was completed, including Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) measurements to discard macular problems and the recording of images of the crystalline lens provided by a slit-lamp device, after dilating the pupil by instilling 0.2 ml of tropicamide (1%).
Inclusion criteria for the group of cataract patients was nuclear cataract with increasing lens opacity, although not all cases were purely nuclear cataracts, as some subjects also showed slight degree of capsular opacification. Every patient was classified according to the degree of nuclear opacification (NO), by using the LOCSIII chart [4] (link), following the subjective decision of the ophthalmologists participating in the study. The 38 cataract eyes were classified as follows: 12 eyes as grade 2 (NO2), 18 eyes as grade 3 (NO3), and 8 eyes as grade 4 (NO4).
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Publication 2011
Cataract Ethics Committees, Clinical Eye Lens, Crystalline Macula Lutea Medical Devices Ocular Refraction Ophthalmologists Patients Pupil Secondary Cataract Slit Lamp Tomography, Optical Coherence Tropicamide Visual Acuity

Most recents protocols related to «Tropicamide»

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Publication 2023
Animals Darkness Eye Drops Homozygote Infant, Newborn Ketamine Mice, House Mutation Phenylephrine Hydrochloride Pregnancy Pupil Tropicamide Xylazine
This cross-sectional study included 78 adult patients who were recruited from the Department of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. A detailed evaluation, including data on demographics and systemic and ocular history, was noted for all patients. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. The study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the University of Health Sciences Hamidiye Scientific Research Ethics Committee (register number 21/11).
The patients’ diagnosis of TAO was based on the criteria of the European Group on Graves’ Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) Consensus Statement (18 (link),19 (link)). According to EUGOGO classification, all patients have mild Graves ophthalmopathy, that is, lid retraction <2 mm, mild soft tissue involvement, exophthalmos <3 mm, no diplopia or transient diplopia, and exposure keratopathy responsive to lubrication. Furthermore, thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy activity was defined using the clinical activity score (CAS) (20 (link)). In this study, all the patients who have normal thyroid function tests and with CAS s below 3 for 6 months were included in the study. On the other hand, in patients in the active stage of TAO with CAS ≥3, the presence of a difference in proptosis of more than 2 mm between the eyes, optic neuropathy, corneal ulcers, and any restrictions in the ductions, and those under current or previously systemic corticosteroid therapy or with a history of orbital surgery or radiation treatment were considered not eligible for this study. In addition, patients with high blood pressure (systolic pressure >140 mmHg or diastolic pressure >90 mmHg), cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, refractive error more than ±6 diopters and had EDI-OCT with poor image quality, which might affect the choroidal measurements, were also excluded.
Only one eye was selected in eligible patients with inactive TAO. If the involvement was unilateral, the involved eye was included, whereas, in the case of bilaterality, the selection of the eye to be examined was random. In the healthy control group, right eye was included in the study.
An ophthalmological evaluation consisted of the measurement of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure measurement with a Goldmann applanation tonometer, a slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination of the anterior segment, and dilated fundus examination for all the participants. Axial length measurements were taken with IOL Master optical biometry (Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany). The same examiner, who was skilled at Hertel exophthalmometry, measured the proptosis.
Imaging of the choroid was performed after pupil dilation with 1% topical tropicamide (Tropamid Fort 1%, Bilim Pharmaceuticals, Istanbul, Türkiye), using the EDI mode of OCT-imaging device (Spectralis Heidelberg HRA + OCT, Heidelberg Engineering, Germany).
Publication 2023
Adrenal Cortex Hormones Adult Cardiovascular Diseases Choroid Corneal Ulcer Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis Ethics Committees, Research Europeans Exophthalmos High Blood Pressures Lubrication Medical Devices Mydriasis Neural-Optical Lesion Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pressure, Diastolic Radiotherapy Reconstructive Surgical Procedures Refractive Errors Slit Lamp Examination Systolic Pressure Therapeutics Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy Thyroid Function Tests Tissues Tonometry Transients Tropicamide Visual Acuity
Fundus and SD-OCT imaging of the mouse retina was performed using the Micron IV imaging system as described previously [21 (link), 22 (link)] to identify the appearance of clinical signs of DR including vessel beading and vessel tortuosity. Briefly, mice were anaesthetised by an intraperitoneal injection of ketamine (75 mg/kg body weight; Parnell Technologies, New Zealand) and domitor (0.5 mg/kg body weight; Zoetis, New Zealand). The pupils were dilated using 1% tropicamide (Bausch and Lomb New Zealand Ltd, New Zealand) and the cornea was maintained hydrated with 1% Poly Gel® lubricating eye gel (Alcon, Switzerland). The animals were then placed on a heating pad set at 37°C to maintain body temperature for the duration of anaesthesia. Eyes that developed cloudiness of the lens during anaesthesia were not possible to be analysed in the fundus and OCT studies. The fundus camera was carefully advanced towards the cornea until it came into contact with the poly gel. The Micron IV in-built StreamPix 6 software was used to visualise and record the retinal fundus. The retinal image was centered on the optic nerve head and blood vessel appearance was assessed. Vessel tortuosity was identified by the abnormal twists and turns of the blood vessels, and vessel beading was the alternating areas of blood vessel constriction that gave a “beaded appearance” to the blood vessels.
For the SD-OCT imaging, an ultrabroadband (160 nm) superluminescent diode centered at 830 nm was used as the light source to capture an image of 1024 pixels per A-scan with 1.8 μm longitudinal resolutions. The horizontal line B-scan had 2 μm axial resolutions. Each OCT scan consisted of twenty averaged B-scan images acquired at approximately one-disc diameter from the optic nerve head in the superior and inferior retinal quadrants. Images were analysed using ImageJ software (National Institute of Health, Maryland, USA) to evaluate retinal layer thickness.
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Publication 2023
Anesthesia Animals Blood Vessel Body Temperature Body Weight Cornea Eye Fundus Oculi Injections, Intraperitoneal Ketamine Light Mice, House Optic Disk Poly A Pupil Radionuclide Imaging Retina Tropicamide Vasoconstriction
Retinal function was assessed using the image-guided focal ERG attachment of the Micron IV imaging system [23 (link)]. Briefly, mice were dark-adapted overnight and were handled under dim red-light illumination (λmax = 650 nm). For the ERG recording, mice were anaesthetised by an intraperitoneal injection of ketamine (75 mg/kg body weight) and domitor (0.5 mg/kg body weight); the pupils were dilated using 1% tropicamide and the cornea was maintained hydrated with 1% Poly Gel® lubricating eye gel. The animal was positioned on the heating pad and a subdermal ground platinum electrode was inserted into the base of the tail and the reference platinum electrode was inserted under the scalp skin at the midpoint between the eyes. The objective lens containing the recording gold electrode was advanced towards the cornea and the retinal image under red-light illumination guided the area used to record the ERG.
A recording area of 0.75 mm in diameter was consistently chosen within the central superior retina, approximately one-disc diameter away from the optic nerve head. The ERG recordings were in response to white-light flashes from a light emitting diode (LED) source (5 millisecond duration) and were recorded using the LabScribeERG 3 software (Phoenix Research Labs). The light intensity used to elicit the ERG response ranged from −0.40 to 3.20 log candela seconds per square meter (log cd s/m2), with 20 sweeps and 10 second interval for −0.4 to 1.40 log cd s/m2, 10 sweeps and a 20 second interval for 2.00 log cd s/m2, 3 sweeps and a 60 second interval for 2.60 log cd s/m2, and 2 sweep and 2 second interval for 3.20 log cd s/m2. Multiple individual responses from each sweep were averaged to obtain an improved signal-to-noise ratio [24 ]. One eye (left or right) per animal was used in the study. The ERG responses were recorded from the superior retina as this was the quadrant mostly associated with retinal thinning during DR [25 (link)–28 (link)]. The a-wave, b-wave, and implicit time as well as summed OP response were measured using the Micron IV software.
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Publication 2023
Animals Body Weight Cornea Gold Head Injections, Intraperitoneal Ketamine Lens, Crystalline Light Mus Nervousness Optic Disk Platinum Poly A Pupil Retina Scalp Skin Tail Tropicamide
At the beginning (3-week-old) and the conclusion (6-week-old) stage of the myopia induction, refraction, axial length and choroidal thickness were measured using an infrared photorefractor (Steinbeis Transfer Center, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany) and an SD-OCT system (Envisu R4310, Leica, Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany). All measurements were carried out with mydriasis eye drops containing 0.5% tropicamide and 0.5% phenylephrine (Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Osaka, Japan) and all were performed under MMB general anesthesia. The refractive values were measured with a continuous data trail. Along with the corneal vertex reflection, the axial length was measured from the anterior corneal surface to the retinal pigment epithelium40 (link). The choroidal thickness was measured according to the previous report22 (link),69 (link). Briefly, the mean choroidal thickness was computed by the choroidal area distant from the disc, at the border of the retinal pigment epithelium and the posterior surface of the choroid, the radius at 0.5 mm from the ringed disc was obtained by ImageJ quantitative analysis (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Bethesda, Maryland, USA). The average choroid thickness was then determined by dividing the area by the circumference.
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Publication 2023
Choroid Cornea Corneal Reflexes Eye Drops General Anesthesia Mydriasis Myopia Ocular Refraction Pharmaceutical Preparations Phenylephrine Radius Retinal Pigment Epithelium Retinal Pigments TNFSF10 protein, human Tropicamide

Top products related to «Tropicamide»

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Tropicamide is a mydriatic and cycloplegic agent used in ophthalmic examinations and procedures. It is a pharmaceutical product designed to temporarily dilate the pupil and temporarily paralyze the ciliary muscle, which controls the eye's focusing ability.
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Tropicamide is a synthetic chemical compound used in ophthalmic applications. It is a pupil dilator that temporarily enlarges the pupil of the eye. Tropicamide is commonly used in eye examinations and diagnostic procedures to facilitate the examination of the inside of the eye.
Sourced in Japan, Germany
Mydrin-P is a laboratory product used for ophthalmic purposes. It functions as a mydriatic agent, intended to dilate the pupil.
Sourced in United States, Germany
Tropicamide is a synthetic mydriatic and cycloplegic agent used in ophthalmology. It acts as a competitive antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, causing pupil dilation and temporary paralysis of the eye's focusing mechanism.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany
Tropicamide is a synthetic mydriatic and cycloplegic agent used in ophthalmological examinations. It is a short-acting pupil dilator that temporarily enlarges the pupil and paralyzes the eye's focusing mechanism.
Sourced in Germany, United States, Japan, United Kingdom
The Spectralis HRA+OCT is a multimodal imaging device that combines high-resolution fundus imaging with optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology. It allows for the simultaneous acquisition of detailed images of the retina, choroid, and optic nerve.
Sourced in United States, Belgium, Australia, Canada, Switzerland, Egypt
Mydriacyl is a pharmaceutical product used in ophthalmology. It is a mydriatic agent that dilates the pupil, allowing for improved examination and treatment of the eye.
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Rompun is a veterinary drug used as a sedative and analgesic for animals. It contains the active ingredient xylazine hydrochloride. Rompun is designed to induce a state of sedation and pain relief in animals during medical procedures or transportation.
Sourced in Germany, United States, Ireland, Japan, United Kingdom, Lao People's Democratic Republic
The IOL Master is a non-contact optical biometry device used to measure various parameters of the eye, including axial length, anterior chamber depth, and corneal curvature. It provides precise measurements that are essential for calculating the appropriate intraocular lens power for cataract surgery.
Sourced in Germany, United States, United Kingdom, Japan, Switzerland, Ireland
The Spectralis is an optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging device developed by Heidelberg Engineering. It captures high-resolution, cross-sectional images of the retina and optic nerve using near-infrared light. The Spectralis provides detailed structural information about the eye, which can aid in the diagnosis and management of various eye conditions.

More about "Tropicamide"

Tropicamide is a widely used ophthalmic medication that serves as a mydriatic and cycloplegic agent.
It is commonly employed during eye examinations and various surgical procedures to dilate the pupil and relax the eye's focusing mechanism.
This versatile drug is known by several brand names, including Mydrin-P, Mydriacyl, and others.
Tropicamide works by inhibiting the muscarinic receptors in the iris and ciliary muscles, leading to pupil dilation (mydriasis) and relaxation of the eye's focusing ability (cycloplegia).
These effects make it invaluable for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, such as facilitating fundoscopic examinations, measuring intraocular pressure, and preparing the eye for surgical interventions like cataract removal or laser treatments.
Beyond its medical applications, Tropicamide has also been utilized in research settings, particularly in combination with imaging techniques like Spectralis HRA+OCT and IOL Master.
These advanced imaging tools, when used alongside Tropicamide, can provide detailed insights into eye structure and function, aiding in the diagnosis and management of various ocular conditions.
It's important to note that Tropicamide, like any medication, should be used under the guidance of qualified healthcare professionals.
Potential side effects, such as temporary blurred vision, light sensitivity, and increased intraocular pressure, should be monitored.
Additionally, certain individuals, such as those with narrow-angle glaucoma, may require special precautions when using Tropicamide.
Experince the power of data-driven decision making today by exploring how PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can optimize Tropicamide research.
By identifying the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, you can enhance the reproducibility and efficiency of your studies, ultimately streamlining the research process and delivering reliable results.