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Cytarabine

Cytarabine is a synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analog used in the treatment of various cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
It inhibits DNA synthesis by interfering with the enzyme DNA polymerase, leading to cell death in rapidly dividing cells.
Cytarabine is an important chemotherapeutic agent that has been extensively studied and utilized in oncology research and clinical practice.
Optimizing Cytarabine research with AI-driven platforms like PubCompare.ai can enhance reproducibility, accuracy, and research outcomes by providing access to the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents through data-driven comparisons and insights.
Experienece the future of Cytarabine research today with PubCompare.ai.

Most cited protocols related to «Cytarabine»

Combination Therapy for AML Apoptosis

Diagnostic AML blasts from patient 7 [46, XY, t(8;21)], THP-1, and Kasumi-1 cells cultured in RPMI1640 plus 10–20% FBS were treated with VPA (0.5, 0.66, and 0.5 mM, respectively) or cytarabine (1000, 900, and 100 nM, respectively) alone or in combination for 24 h (for the patient sample) or 96 h (for the cell lines). The VPA and cytarabine doses for the cell lines were IC₂₀s, while those for patient AML blasts were ~IC₅₀s, determined by MTT assays. The same concentrations of VPA and cytarabine were used in the rest of the studies unless specified. The cells were harvested, vigorously pipetted and triplicate samples taken to determine baseline and drug-induced apoptosis using the Apoptosis Annexin-V fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) Kit (Beckman Coulter; Brea, CA), as previously described.29 (link) Apoptotic events were recorded as a combination of Annexin-V+/PI- (early apoptotic) and Annexin-V+/PI+ (late apoptotic/dead) events and results were expressed as percent of Annexin-V+ cells after subtracting results for untreated cells. Synergy was quantified using the cooperativity index (cooperativity index = sum of apoptosis of single agent treatment/apoptosis upon combined treatment). Cooperativity index <1, =1, or >1 is termed synergistic, additive, or antagonistic, respectively.23 (link)

Xie C., Edwards H., Xu X., Zhou H., Buck S.A., Stout M.L., Yu Q., Rubnitz J.E., Matherly L.H., Taub J.W, & Ge Y. (2010). MECHANISMS OF SYNERGISTIC ANTILEUKEMIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN VALPROIC ACID AND CYTARABINE IN PEDIATRIC ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 16(22), 5499-5510.

Publication 2010

Annexin A5 antagonists Apoptosis Biological Assay Cell Lines Cells Combined Modality Therapy Cytarabine Diagnosis Fluorescein isothiocyanate Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Propidium Iodide

Multicenter AML Clinical Trials Protocol

We obtained samples from patients participating in three prospective multicenter clinical trials of the German–Austrian AML Study Group: AML-HD98A, AML-HD98B, and AMLSG-07-04 (see the Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org).9 (link)–11 (link) In AML-HD98A, patients 18 to 65 years of age received induction chemotherapy consisting of idarubicin, cytarabine, and etoposide (ICE); high-risk patients were offered allogeneic stem-cell transplantation, intermediate-risk patients a stem-cell allograft (if a matched related donor was available) or intensive chemotherapy, and low-risk patients intensive chemotherapy. AMLSG-07-04 had a similar design, but patients 18 to 61 years of age were randomly assigned to receive ICE or ICE plus all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) as induction therapy. In AML-HD98B, patients 58 to 84 years of age were randomly assigned to induction therapy with ICE or ICE plus ATRA, with further therapy dictated by the response (see Figs. S1 and S2 in the Supplementary Appendix). The median follow-up period was 5.9 years (Table S1 in the Supplementary Appendix). All patients provided written informed consent.
The last two authors guided the analysis and data interpretation.

Papaemmanuil E., Gerstung M., Bullinger L., Gaidzik V.I., Paschka P., Roberts N.D., Potter N.E., Heuser M., Thol F., Bolli N., Gundem G., Van Loo P., Martincorena I., Ganly P., Mudie L., McLaren S., O’Meara S., Raine K., Jones D.R., Teague J.W., Butler A.P., Greaves M.F., Ganser A., Döhner K., Schlenk R.F., Döhner H, & Campbell P.J. (2016). Genomic Classification and Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. The New England journal of medicine, 374(23), 2209-2221.

Publication 2016

Cytarabine Etoposide Figs Idarubicin Induction Chemotherapy Neoadjuvant Therapy Pharmacotherapy Stem Cells Therapeutics Tissue Donors Transplantation, Homologous Transplantations, Stem Cell Tretinoin

Cytotoxicity of Cytarabine and VPA in Pediatric AML

In vitro cytarabine and VPA cytotoxicities of pediatric AML cell lines and diagnostic blasts were measured by using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium-bromide, Sigma) assays, as previously described.26 (link) IC₅₀ values were calculated as drug concentrations necessary to inhibit 50% proliferation compared to untreated control cells. The extent and direction of cytarabine and VPA cytotoxic interactions were evaluated as described previously.27 (link),28 (link) Briefly, synergism, additivity or antagonism was quantified by determining the combination index (CI), where CI<1, CI=1, and CI>1 indicate synergistic, additive, and antagonistic effects, respectively. Based on the classic isobologram, the CI was calculated using the following equation: CI=[(D)1/(Dx)1] + [(D)2/(Dx)2]. At the 50% inhibition level, (Dx)1 and (Dx)2 are concentrations of cytarabine and VPA, respectively, which induce a 50% inhibition in cell proliferation when administered individually. (D)1 and (D)2 are concentrations of cytarabine and VPA, respectively, which inhibit cell proliferation by 50% when combined.

Publication 2010

antagonists Biological Assay Bromides Cardiac Arrest Cell Lines Cell Proliferation Cells Cytarabine Cytotoxin Diagnosis Pharmaceutical Preparations Psychological Inhibition

Methotrexate Therapy for Pediatric Leukemia

Patients who consented to the optional therapeutic window were randomized to receive upfront methotrexate over 4 or 24 hours. Four days after methotrexate treatment, remission induction therapy began with prednisone, vincristine, daunorubicin, and asparaginase (Table 1). Patients with ≥ 1% MRD on day 19 received three additional doses of asparaginase. Subsequent induction therapy consisted of cyclophosphamide, mercaptopurine and cytarabine. Upon hematopoietic recovery (between days 43 and 46), MRD was assessed, and consolidation therapy began (Table 1).

Pui C.H., Campana D., Pei D., Bowman W.P., Sandlund J.T., Kaste S.C., Ribeiro R.C., Rubnitz J.E., Raimondi S.C., Onciu M., Coustan-Smith E., Kun L.E., Jeha S., Cheng C., Howard S.C., Simmons V., Bayles A., Metzger M.L., Boyett J.M., Leung W., Handgretinger R., Downing J.R., Evans W.E, & Relling M.V. (2009). Treatment of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Without Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation. The New England journal of medicine, 360(26), 2730-2741.

Publication 2009

Asparaginase Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Daunorubicin Hematopoietic System Mercaptopurine Methotrexate Neoadjuvant Therapy Patients Prednisone Remission Induction Therapeutics Vincristine

Continuation Therapy Protocol for Pediatric Leukemia

During initial continuation therapy (Table 1), low-risk cases received daily mercaptopurine and weekly methotrexate with pulses of mercaptopurine, dexamethasone and vincristine. Two reinduction treatments were given between weeks 7–9 and weeks 17–19. Standard-risk cases received weekly asparaginase and daily mercaptopurine with pulses of doxorubicin plus vincristine plus dexamethasone. They also received two reinduction treatments between weeks 7–9 and weeks 17–20.
For the remaining continuation therapy (Supplementary Table 1), low-risk patients received mercaptopurine and methotrexate, with pulses of dexamethasone, vincristine and mercaptopurine, and standard-risk patients received three rotating drug pairs (mercaptopurine plus methotrexate, cyclophosphamide plus cytarabine, and dexamethasone plus vincristine). Dosages of mercaptopurine and methotrexate were adjusted according to the tolerance, and thiopurine methyltransferase phenotype and genotypes.17 (link) Total scheduled dosages of anthracyclines and cyclophosphamide were limited to 110 mg/m² and 230 mg/m², and 1 g/m² and 4.6 g/m², for low-risk and standard-risk patients, respectively. Continuation treatment lasted 120 weeks in girls and 146 weeks in boys.

Publication 2009

Anthracyclines Asparaginase Boys Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Dexamethasone Genotype Immune Tolerance Mercaptopurine Methotrexate Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Phenotype Pulses thiopurine S-methyltransferase VAD I protocol Vincristine Woman

Most recents protocols related to «Cytarabine»

Culturing Leukemic Blasts with Therapeutics

Thawed primary human AML blasts were cultured on irradiated stromal feeder cell layers with cytokine- and SR1- (1uM) supplemented media. Live blast purification was achieved by magnetic bead-based dead cell removal prior to culture (Miltenyi # 130-090-101). Fresh media was added every 2–3 days and cells were re-plated prior to reaching 70–80% confluence. After 12 h of preconditioning, IACS-010759, diluted in DMSO, was added to a final concentration of 30 nM. Similarly, Cytarabine, diluted in PBS, was added to a final concentration of 100 ng/ml. Equivalent volumes of PBS and DMSO were added to the mock-treated conditions. Cells were harvested at Day 5 post-culture and analyzed by flow cytometry and transplanted into recipient-irradiated female NSG mice.

Naldini M.M., Casirati G., Barcella M., Rancoita P.M., Cosentino A., Caserta C., Pavesi F., Zonari E., Desantis G., Gilioli D., Carrabba M.G., Vago L., Bernardi M., Di Micco R., Di Serio C., Merelli I., Volpin M., Montini E., Ciceri F, & Gentner B. (2023). Longitudinal single-cell profiling of chemotherapy response in acute myeloid leukemia. Nature Communications, 14, 1285.

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Publication 2023

Cell Culture Techniques Cells Cytarabine Cytokine Feeder Cell Layers Females Flow Cytometry Homo sapiens IACS-010759 Mus Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Transplant Recipients

Chemotherapy Regimen Evaluation in AML Mice

For chemotherapy experiments, mice (NSGW41) were treated with 1.5 mg/kg Daunorubicin hydrochloride (Pfizer) by tail vein injection on days 1, 2, and 3. Cytarabine (Hospira) was administered at a dose of 60 mg/kg by subcutaneous injection on days 1 to 5 of the treatment regimen. Both drugs were prepared in saline and mice weight was checked daily for proper dosing. Control animals received equal dose of saline solution. Mice were allocated to treatment or control groups with equal AML burden based on a pre-treatment bone marrow aspirate evaluation of human AML chimerism. Litter mates were divided into both groups. For EdU (5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine) incorporation assays, mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of EdU (ThermoFisher Scientific # E10187, 50 mg/kg body weight) from day 4 to day 7 of the in vivo treatment cycle.

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Publication 2023

5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine Animals Biological Assay Body Weight Bone Marrow Chimerism Cytarabine Homo sapiens Hydrochloride, Daunorubicin Injections, Intraperitoneal Mice, House Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy Saline Solution Subcutaneous Injections Tail Treatment Protocols Veins

Relapsed ALL and AML Salvage Regimens

As per institutional guidelines, patients with relapsed ALL received CLOF 40 mg/m²/day, CPM 440 mg/m²/day and ETOP 100 mg/m²/day for 5 consecutive days and patients with relapsed AML received CLOF 52 mg/m² and cytarabine 1 g/m² for 5 days for one to two cycles.

Ramiz S., Elhaj O., Siddiqui K., Khan S., AlSaedi H., AlAnazi A., Al-Ahmari A., Al-Jefri A., Sahvan O., Ayas M, & Ghemlas I. (2023). Clofarabine in Pediatric Acute Relapsed or Refractory Leukemia: Where Do We Stand on the Bridge to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation?. Journal of Hematology, 12(1), 16-26.

Publication 2023

Cytarabine etoposide phosphate Patients

Intensive Chemotherapy Regimens for Relapsed/Refractory ALL

As described in our previous studies, induction chemotherapy was started with a modified regimen of fractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone (hyper-CVAD), and alternating high-dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone.^{22 (link)–25 (link, link, link)} Patients who failed to achieve CR or relapsed after CR received intensified salvage chemotherapy using an MEC regimen consisting of cytarabine (2 g/m², every 12 h, days 1–4), mitoxantrone (12 mg/m², days 1–4), and etoposide (100 mg/m², days 5–7). Patients with Ph-positive ALL also received tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib or dasatinib).^{24 (link)–28 (link, link, link, link)} In patients who revealed minimal residual disease (MRD) at 3 months post-transplant, we applied preemptive tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Since 2016, blinatumomab was used as a monotherapy for all above indications instead of MEC regimen in the same way of our previous study.^{21 (link)} Before application of blinatumomab, all patients received prephase dexamethasone to reduce leukemic burden and cytokine release syndrome (CRS). During the first cycle, blinatumomab was continuously infused for 4 weeks (9 μg/day for the first 7 days and 28 μg/day thereafter). After a 2-week treatment-free interval, a second 4-week cycle was initiated at a dosage of 28 μg/day from day 1 to day 28. Even after 2016, we applied the MEC regimen to some patients who failed to blinatumomab, while some others were treated with inotuzumab ozogamicin (INO) as it became available for R/R Ph-negative ALL since late 2019.^{29 ,30 (link)} Doses of INO were administered at 0.8 mg on day 1 of the first cycle (0.5 mg on the day of the second cycle) and 0.5 mg on days 8 and 15. The interval of the first cycle was 28 days, and up to two cycles were approved.

Yoon J.H., Kwag D., Lee J.H., Min G.J., Park S.S., Park S., Lee S.E., Cho B.S., Eom K.S., Kim Y.J., Kim H.J., Min C.K., Cho S.G., Wook Lee J, & Lee S. (2023). Superior survival outcome of blinatumomab compared with conventional chemotherapy for adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a propensity score–matched cohort analysis. Therapeutic Advances in Hematology, 14, 20406207231154713.

Publication 2023

blinatumomab Cyclophosphamide Cytarabine Cytokine Release Syndrome Dasatinib Dexamethasone Doxorubicin Etoposide Grafts Imatinib Induction Chemotherapy Inotuzumab Ozogamicin MAV protocol Mitoxantrone Neoplasm, Residual Patients Pharmacotherapy Treatment Protocols Vincristine

Characterization of DUSP14, ACOX1, and β-Catenin

Proteasome inhibitor MG132 (HY-13259), Nutlin-3 (HY-50696), Cytarabine (HY-13605), BMS-536924 (HY-10262), AZ628 (HY-11004), and palmitic acid (HY-N0830) were purchased from MedChemExpress. Cycloheximide (R750107), Hydroxylamine (HAM, 467804), 2-BP (238422), and DAPI (D9542) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. iCRT14 (sc-362746) was purchased from Santa Cruz. A dual-luciferase reporter assay kit (DL-101-01) was purchased from Vazyme. N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM, A600450-0005) and BMCC-biotin ((1-Biotinamido)-4-[4′-(maleimidomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxamido]hexane, C100222-0050) were purchased from Sangon Biotech. Human palmitic acid ELISA kits (MM-51627H2) were purchased from MeiMian (Jiangsu, China). Anti-Flag agarose beads (23101) and Nu-7441 (503468-95-9) were purchased from Selleck (Houston, USA). RNase A (CW2105) was purchased from CWBIO. All antibodies used in this study are indicated in Supplementary Table S4. The human DUSP14, ACOX1, CTNNB1, and c-Myc coding sequences were amplified from HEK293T cDNA and cloned into pCMV-HA and pHAGE-CMV-MCS-PGK vectors. The human GSK3β and CK1 coding sequences were amplified from HEK293T cDNA and cloned into the pHAGE-CMV-MCS-PGK vector. The human ACOX1-TBE and DUSP14-RE were amplified from HCT15 gDNA and cloned into the pGL3-basic luciferase vector. The mouse ACOX1 coding sequence was amplified from mouse colon cDNA and cloned into pCDH-CMV-MCS-EF1-GFP+Puro vector. Mutations in the DUSP14, ACOX1, β-catenin, and Ubiquitin cDNAs were generated by overlap extension PCR. Deletion mutants from DUSP14 and ACOX1 were cloned into the pHAGE-CMV-MCS-PGK vector. Human DUSP14, CTNNB1, ACOX1, and mouse Acox1 shRNAs were designed and synthesized by RuiBiotech (Guangzhou, China), subsequently annealed, and inserted into the pLKO.1-puro vector. All primers for construction are presented in Supplementary Table S5.

Zhang Q., Yang X., Wu J., Ye S., Gong J., Cheng W.M., Luo Z., Yu J., Liu Y., Zeng W., Liu C., Xiong Z., Chen Y., He Z, & Lan P. (2023). Reprogramming of palmitic acid induced by dephosphorylation of ACOX1 promotes β-catenin palmitoylation to drive colorectal cancer progression. Cell Discovery, 9, 26.

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Publication 2023

Antibodies Bacteriophages Biological Assay Biotin BMS 536924 Cloning Vectors Colon CTNNB1 protein, human Cycloheximide Cytarabine DAPI Deletion Mutation DNA, Complementary Endoribonucleases Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Ethylmaleimide Exons GSK3B protein, human Homo sapiens Hydroxylamines iCRT14 Luciferases MG 132 Mice, House Mutation n-hexane NU 7441 nutlin 3 Oligonucleotide Primers Oncogenes, myc Open Reading Frames Palmitic Acid Paragangliomas 3 Plasmids Proteasome Inhibitor Sepharose Short Hairpin RNA Ubiquitin

Top products related to «Cytarabine»

Cytosine arabinoside by Merck Group

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Cytosine arabinoside is a laboratory reagent used for research purposes. It is a synthetic nucleoside analog that inhibits DNA synthesis and can be used to study cellular processes and mechanisms.

Cytarabine by Merck Group

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Cytarabine is a synthetic nucleoside analog used as a chemotherapeutic agent. It is a key component in the treatment of various types of cancer, including acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Neurobasal medium by Thermo Fisher Scientific

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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.

Ara c by Merck Group

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Ara-C is a lab equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a pyrimidine nucleoside analog used in research and laboratory settings. The core function of Ara-C is to serve as a tool for scientific investigation and analysis, without any specific interpretation or extrapolation on its intended use.

B27 supplement by Thermo Fisher Scientific

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Penicillin/streptomycin is a commonly used antibiotic solution for cell culture applications. It contains a combination of penicillin and streptomycin, which are broad-spectrum antibiotics that inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

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Cytosine arabinoside arac by Merck Group

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Cytosine arabinoside (ARAC) is a lab equipment product used in various research and scientific applications. It is a synthetic nucleoside analog that inhibits DNA synthesis. The core function of ARAC is to serve as a tool for researchers and scientists in their investigations, without extrapolation on its intended use.

More about "Cytarabine"

Cytarabine, also known as Cytosine arabinoside or Ara-C, is a synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analog widely used in the treatment of various cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
This chemotherapeutic agent works by inhibiting DNA synthesis, leading to cell death in rapidly dividing cancer cells.
Cytarabine is an important and extensively studied drug in oncology research and clinical practice.
To optimize Cytarabine research, AI-driven platforms like PubCompare.ai can enhance reproducibility, accuracy, and research outcomes.
These platforms provide access to the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents through data-driven comparisons and insights.
When conducting Cytarabine research, it's important to consider related terms and subtopics, such as Cytosine arabinoside, Neurobasal medium, FBS (fetal bovine serum), B27 supplement, Poly-L-lysine, Penicillin/streptomycin, and Poly-D-lysine.
These components may be used in cell culture, differentiation, or other experimental setups involving Cytarabine.
Experienece the future of Cytarabine research today with PubCompare.ai, and unlock the power of AI-driven optimization for your studies.