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Idoxuridine

Idoxuridine is a synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analog used as an antiviral agent.
It inhibits DNA synthesis and exhibits activity against certain DNA viruses, including herpes simplex virus.
Idoxuridine is commonly used to treat viral eye infections, such as keratitis and epithelial corneal ulcers.
Reserach on Idoxuridine can be enhanced using PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform that helps locate protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, and leverages comparison tools to identify optimal protocols and products.
This can improve reproducibility and accuracy in Idoxuridine studies.

Most cited protocols related to «Idoxuridine»

1
Targeted Sampling of Injection Drug Users
Cited 34 times
The TS study was the 37th semiannual cross-section of the Urban Health Study (UHS), a study of IDUs in San Francisco. Watters and Biernacki,9 (link) the developers of TS, first implemented the method in the first UHS cross-section in 1986. The procedures and results from this study have been published extensively over the past two decades.29 (link)–31 (link) Briefly, the five steps involved in developing and refining the TS plan are as follows: (1) Collect indicator data from sources including drug treatment admissions data, IDU HIV/AIDS case data from the San Francisco Department of Public Health (SFDPH), data from Citywide HIV testing sites, and narcotics arrest data from the San Francisco police departments. (2) Collect ethnographic data through block-by-block “walk-throughs,” which were conducted at different times of day and night. Ethnographic data collection also included discussions with key informants regarding their observations on the prevalence and type of drug use in various communities. (3) Develop TS plan by estimating the size and demographic characteristics of the IDU population in each area and set recruitment targets. (4) Conduct outreach to recruit IDUs to community field sites in the neighborhoods with the highest concentration of IDUs per secondary data (marked by stars in Fig. 1b). (5) Refine and revise targeted sample after monthly assessments of how well the recruitment targets were met.

Distribution of study recruits by zip code. a RDS. b Targeted sampling.

Eligibility criteria included the following: (1) reported injecting illicit drugs within the past 30 days, (2) had visible sign of injection (“tracks”), (3) were at least 18 years of age at the time of interview, and (4) were able to speak English or Spanish. Participants from previous serial cross-sections did not receive any special recruitment contact, but they were automatically eligible for future cross-sections (6 months apart), even if they had switched to noninjecting methods or had quit using drugs. Participants were assigned a unique ID code, and we checked their identification by asking five questions: sex, birth year, age, race/ethnicity, state of birth, and first two letters of mother's maiden name. This helped to determine which observations were duplicates. For this analysis, we only included active IDUs who reported injecting drugs in the previous 30 days.
After providing informed consent to this anonymous study, participants were interviewed in person by a trained interviewer in a private space using a structured questionnaire on a computer-assisted programmed interview (CAPI) using QDS software (QDS; NOVA Research Company, Bethesda, MD). They were paid $15 for contributing to the study. Questions covered demographic information, injecting and sexual risk behaviors, and utilization of health care, drug treatment, and HIV prevention programs. The questions pertained to the 6-month period preceding the interview date. Blood specimens were drawn following the interview to assess HIV status using enzyme immunoassay and Western blot assay, following standard laboratory methods. Participants were asked to return for HIV serology results in 2 weeks. They were offered HIV counseling, provided with referrals to medical and social services, and paid $15. Study protocols were approved by the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Committee on Human Research.
Kral A.H., Malekinejad M., Vaudrey J., Martinez A.N., Lorvick J., McFarland W, & Raymond H.F. (2010). Comparing Respondent-Driven Sampling and Targeted Sampling Methods of Recruiting Injection Drug Users in San Francisco. Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 87(5), 839-850.
Publication 2010
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome BLOOD Cardiac Arrest Childbirth Eligibility Determination Enzyme Immunoassay Ethnicity Hispanic or Latino Homo sapiens Idoxuridine Illicit Drugs Interviewers Narcotics Patient Acceptance of Health Care Pharmaceutical Preparations Preventive Health Programs Stars, Celestial Western Blot
2
Comprehensive Injection Drug Use Study
Cited 13 times
The primary focus of the study was on injecting drug use, thus each participating site was asked to try to recruit 400 current injectors, with a minimum of 100. The target of 400 was based on experience from WHO Phase I. The locally-adapted structured questionnaire was administered by a trained interviewer to each eligible recruit. Subsequently each subject was asked to provide a blood sample for HIV (and in some cases HBV and HCV) testing.
Although drug treatment programs provide a readily accessible pool of potential recruits for a drug study, the restrictive admittance criteria (e.g., high fees, HIV negative status) employed by some programs limit treatment to specific subgroups of drug users. Moreover, many drug users do not seek treatment. Thus in order to obtain broad coverage of injectors and reduce the bias associated with recruitment from treatment programs only, it was recommended that recruitment be carried out both from treatment program settings and from community or other non-treatment settings. The purpose of including subjects from both treatment and community settings was not to compare drug users entering treatment with those who did not seek, or lacked access to, treatment, but rather to provide findings that were generalizable across a broad range of IDUs. However, it should be noted that although comparison of subjects recruited from each source was not an analytic focus at the global level, such comparisons do provide a methodological check of bias at the city level.
In order to effectively target subsequent interventions, examination of reasons for transition from non-injecting to injecting drug use and understanding of reasons for difference in prevalence levels of drug injecting behavior in similar and geographically close cities was needed. Thus, in geographic areas where injection drug use was on the increase or where use of "injectable" drugs by non-injected modes of administration was widespread, individual sites were encouraged to also recruit persons who had replaced injection drug use with non-injection (former injectors), and/or persons who had never injected (never-injectors) in the study. These persons could be recruited from treatment and/or community settings as desired, however, a minimum of 100 former or 100 never-injectors was recommended.
Des Jarlais D.C., Perlis T.E., Stimson G.V, & Poznyak V. (2006). Using standardized methods for research on HIV and injecting drug use in developing/transitional countries: case study from the WHO Drug Injection Study Phase II. BMC Public Health, 6, 54.
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Publication 2006
BLOOD Drug Abuser Idoxuridine Interviewers Pharmaceutical Preparations
3
Transition into Injection Drug Use
Cited 12 times

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Publication 2011
Cocaine Drug Abuser Heroin Idoxuridine Pharmaceutical Preparations Young Adult
4
Assessing HIV Knowledge Among Nursing Students
Cited 11 times
A purposive sample was drawn from 3 out of 10 nursing schools in one metropolitan city in Russia, in a geographical area where the prevalence of HIV and AIDS is recorded as high; e.g. the HIV prevalence among IDUs has been reported to be as high as 50% (2). The data was collected between May and April 2010 after receiving permissions from all of the study institutions according to their research standards. Graduating nursing students completed the questionnaires during their pre-practical training period. After completing the questionnaire (about one hour), the students returned the completed questionnaires to the research assistant. The questionnaires were offered to 107 students and 102 students participated (response rate 95.3%). All of the students were due to graduate after 3 or 4 years of education, depending on their previous basic school level.
Suominen T., Laakkonen L., Lioznov D., Polukova M., Nikolaenko S., Lipiäinen L., Välimäki M, & Kylmä J. (2015). Russian nursing students’ knowledge level and attitudes in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) – a descriptive study. BMC Nursing, 14, 1.
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Publication 2015
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Idoxuridine Menstruation Disturbances Student Students, Nursing
5
Evaluation of Vancouver's Supervised Injection Facility
Cited 10 times
The framework for the Vancouver SIF evaluation was designed prior to the SIF's opening and involved a number of methodological approaches. In light of the lack of existing quantitative efficacy data [17 (link)], the existence of ethical concerns [22 ], and an awareness that a non-randomized studies may be vulnerable to substantial selection biases [23 (link)], the Vancouver SIF evaluation is primarily structured around a prospective cohort design that involves the longitudinal measurement of a number of outcomes including blood-borne infection and overdose incidence, risk behavior, drug use practices, such as public drug use, and health services use.
The Vancouver SIF evaluation is somewhat unique because of the availability of a number of pre-existing data sources. These data sources include the community health and safety evaluation (CHASE) cohort, which is a community recruited virtual cohort of Downtown Eastside residents that prospectively and retrospectively examines health service use in the community by linking to administrative health record databases. In addition, the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study (VIDUS) is an ongoing prospective cohort study of injection drug users that involves semi-annual serology of HIV and HCV as well as a semi-annual questionnaire [24 (link)]. VIDUS and CHASE allow for the description of IDUs in the community who are using Insite and a comparison between those that are and are not using the service.
In addition, in order to augment these data sources and to allow for close examination of the characteristics of Insite clients over time, a prospective cohort of Insite users has also been established. The Scientific Evaluation of Supervised Injecting (SEOSI) cohort is based on a representative sample of Insite users. The sample is derived through random recruitment of Insite users who are offered an informed consent to enroll into the study. Random recruitment involves attending the SIF at times of the day that are randomly selected using a random number generation program in SPSS, and inviting all users who use the SIF at this time to enroll in the study. As with VIDUS, participants provide a blood sample and conduct an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The SEOSI questionnaire deals with items that are particularly relevant to Insite, such as risk behaviours, public drug use, satisfaction with Insite, and access to medical care and addiction treatment services. All SEOSI participants provide informed consent to link to the Insite database so that SIF use can be tracked, as well as informed consent to access administrative health record databases in the community. As of September 1, 2004 over 900 Insite users have been enrolled into SEOSI and comparisons of socio-demographic variables (age, gender, etc) has shown that the SEOSI cohort is statistically similar to the overall cohort of insight users (all p > 0.05).
Wood E., Kerr T., Lloyd-Smith E., Buchner C., Marsh D.C., Montaner J.S, & Tyndall M.W. (2004). Methodology for evaluating Insite: Canada's first medically supervised safer injection facility for injection drug users. Harm Reduction Journal, 1, 9.
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Publication 2004
Addictive Behavior Awareness BLOOD Blood-Borne Infections Drug Abuser Drug Overdose Gender Idoxuridine Interviewers Light Pharmaceutical Preparations Safety Satisfaction

Most recents protocols related to «Idoxuridine»

1
Characterizing Optoelectronic Device Performance
A modified Bruker Vertex 70 is used for FTPS EQE spectra. The device was connected with the current amplifier (SR570) to amplify the signal from the device. The data is calibrated with the standard Si and Ge detector. SR303i spectrometer is used to measure the EL. The spectrometer is attached with the newton EMCCD-Si and iDus InGaAs array detector. During the measurement, EMCCD was kept at −40 °C and InGaAs detector kept at −60 °C. The bias of the EL measurement was applied on the devices using a Keithley 2400 Source Meter. The spectrum was calibrated with the standard light source. EQEEL values were obtained from an in-house-built system including a Hamamatsu silicon photodiode 1010B, a Keithley 2400 Source Meter to provide voltage and injected current, and a Keithley 485 Picoammeter to measure the emitted light intensity.
Jia Z., Ma Q., Chen Z., Meng L., Jain N., Angunawela I., Qin S., Kong X., Li X., Yang Y.(., Zhu H., Ade H., Gao F, & Li Y. (2023). Near-infrared absorbing acceptor with suppressed triplet exciton generation enabling high performance tandem organic solar cells. Nature Communications, 14, 1236.
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Publication 2023
Idoxuridine Light Medical Devices Silicon
2
Single CCD-Based CPL Spectrophotometer
The homemade single CCD-based CPL spectrophotometer is schematically represented in Fig. 1. Basically, the handedness of the circularly polarized luminescence is spatially encoded into two geometrical paths before being spectrally dispersed by the spectrophotometer and recorded on the CCD camera. This is accomplished by the association of a quarter waveplate (QWP, fast axis 45∘) and a polarizing beam splitter (PBS): the left-handed circularly polarized (LHCP) light is transmitted by the PBS (0∘ linear polarization) while the right-handed circularly polarized (RHCP) light is reflected by the PBS (90∘ linear polarization). The two-handedness-encoded beams are then routed at the adjustable entrance slit of the spectrophotometer by means of a dual-core fiber bundle (200 μm diameter). The two beams are spatially imaged as two vertically aligned spots on the entrance slit. Inside the spectrophotometer (see SI, Sec 1 for details), the input slit is imaged on the CCD camera (Andor iDus-420) after being horizontally diffracted by the grating leading to two vertically split spectra: the top (bottom) one corresponds to the top (bottom) fiber and consequently to the RHCP (LHCP) luminescence.
Our setup can operate in a wide wavelength range from UV to near IR. Indeed, by changing only the PBS cube and the transmission grating, we can easily switch from the UV-visible to the near-infrared spectral range. All other optical and detection elements (QWP, lenses, fibers, and CCD) are chosen to cover the entire spectral range from 300 nm to 1.1 μm.
Baguenard B., Bensalah-Ledoux A., Guy L., Riobé F., Maury O, & Guy S. (2023). Theoretical and experimental analysis of circularly polarized luminescence spectrophotometers for artifact-free measurements using a single CCD camera. Nature Communications, 14, 1065.
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Publication 2023
Epistropheus Exanthema Fibrosis Idoxuridine Lens, Crystalline Light Luminescence Transmission, Communicable Disease Vision
3
High-Pressure Processing of Casein Solutions
Two different HPP conditions were chosen based on the bibliography and applied to casein solutions using a 10 L HPP unit (Idus HPP Systems S.L.U., Noain, Navarra, Spain):
(a) 600 MPa for 5 min or (b) 250 MPa for 15 min [19 (link),24 (link),25 (link)]. Results obtained with the protein model solutions helped to decide the treatment to be applied to the cocoa dessert: 600 MPa for 5 min.
Giura L., Urtasun L., Astiasaran I, & Ansorena D. (2023). Application of HPP for the Development of a Dessert Elaborated with Casein and Cocoa for a Dysphagia Diet. Foods, 12(4), 882.
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Publication 2023
Cacao Caseins Idoxuridine Proteins
4
Experimental Liver Fluke Infection in Hamsters
SPF golden Syrian hamsters Mesocricetus auratus from the SPF animal facility at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS) were used in this study as generally accepted laboratory model animals [7 (link), 10 (link)–13 (link)]. All the procedures were performed aseptically. We applied an appropriate randomization strategy (blocking) to control possible variables, such as potential infection, among the experimental animals. We took into account nuisance variables that could bias the results (a litter and an investigator).
For collecting O. felineus metacercariae, a naturally infected freshwater fish (Leuciscus idus) was net-caught in the Ob River near Novosibirsk (Western Siberia, Russia) by research assistant Viktor Antonov (ICG SB RAS) without the use of chemicals. O. felineus metacercariae were extracted as described previously [7 (link), 16 (link)]. C. sinensis and O. viverrini metacercariae were extracted from naturally infected freshwater fish (Seoul, Republic of Korea, and Khon Kaen, Thailand, respectively) and delivered on ice. After several washes with normal saline, metacercariae were identified under a light microscope. All the procedures with hamsters were performed at the SPF animal facility at the ICG SB RAS.
Sixteen hamsters were distributed into four groups, and animals from three of them were infected with 75 metacercariae (of one of the three liver fluke species separately) by gastric intubation at intervals of 3–5 days to avoid bacterial cross-infection. One group was kept uninfected. One month after the infection, the hamsters were euthanized using carbon dioxide. All the procedures were done aseptically. Bile samples were collected via puncture of the gall bladder and stored at -80°C until use. Colorectal feces were extracted and stored at -80°C until use. Adult worms were carefully extracted from the biliary tract, washed more than 10 times with sterile saline, then soaked for several hours in sterile saline at 37°C, and finally stored at -80°C until analysis.
Although all procedures with hamsters were carried out in the same Animal Facility, we cannot exclude any small differences in the standard protocol for the metacercariae isolation from fish that might affect the microbiome.
Pakharukova M.Y., Lishai E.A., Zaparina O., Baginskaya N.V., Hong S.J., Sripa B, & Mordvinov V.A. (2023). Opisthorchis viverrini, Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis felineus liver flukes affect mammalian host microbiome in a species-specific manner. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 17(2), e0011111.
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Publication 2023
Adult Animals Animals, Laboratory Bacterial Infections Bile Carbon dioxide Cytological Techniques Fasciola hepatica Feces Fishes Gallbladder Hamsters Helminths Idoxuridine Infection Intubation isolation Light Microscopy Mesocricetus auratus Metacercariae Microbiome Normal Saline Punctures Rivers Saline Solution Sterility, Reproductive Stomach System, Biliary
5
DNA Fiber Assay Protocol
DNA fibre assay was performed as described previously with some modifications (28 (link),31 (link),32 (link)). In brief, exponentially growing cells were first incubated with 25 μM iododeoxyuridine (IdU) and then with 125 μM chlorodeoxyuridine (CldU) for the indicated times. Fibre spreads were prepared from 0.5 x106 cells/ml. Slides were stained as described previously (31 (link),32 (link)). Images were acquired with Leica SP8 or Carl Zeiss LSM 710 Meta confocal microscope using a 63x oil objective. Analysis was performed using the ImageJ software package (National Institutes of Health). A minimum of 100 fibres from three, unless stated otherwise, independent experiments were scored. Mann-Whitney test was used to determine statistical significance.
Nieminuszczy J., Martin P.R., Broderick R., Krwawicz J., Kanellou A., Mocanu C., Bousgouni V., Smith C., Wen K.K., Woodward B.L., Bakal C., Shackley F., Aguilera A., Stewart G.S., Vyas Y.M, & Niedzwiedz W. (2023). Actin nucleators safeguard replication forks by limiting nascent strand degradation. bioRxiv.
Publication Preprint 2023
A Fibers Biological Assay Cells Fibrosis Idoxuridine Microscopy, Confocal

Top products related to «Idoxuridine»

1
Mouse anti brdu idu by BD
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Mouse anti-BrdU/IdU is a primary antibody that specifically recognizes bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and iododeoxyuridine (IdU), two thymidine analogs commonly used in cell proliferation assays. This antibody can be used to detect cells that have incorporated these analogs during DNA synthesis.
2
Axio imager m2 by Zeiss
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The Axio Imager M2 is a high-performance microscope system designed for a wide range of applications. It features a stable, vibration-free stand, a versatile illumination system, and advanced optics to deliver high-quality images. The Axio Imager M2 is capable of supporting various imaging techniques, including brightfield, darkfield, and fluorescence microscopy.
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Idus 420 by Oxford Instruments
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The IDus 420 is a high-performance, back-illuminated CCD detector designed for spectroscopic applications. It features a large active area, low noise, and high quantum efficiency across a wide spectral range.
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Um g20 29r by Olympus
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The UM-G20–29R is a lab equipment product from Olympus. It is a microscope objective lens designed for use in various laboratory applications. The core function of this product is to provide high-quality optical performance for magnifying and analyzing samples under a microscope.
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Alexa fluor 488 anti rat by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rat is a fluorescent conjugate antibody used for the detection of rat-derived proteins or cells in various immunoassay applications, such as flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting. It provides a bright green fluorescent signal upon excitation at the appropriate wavelength.
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Epr finger dewar by Wilmad
The EPR finger dewar is a specialized lab equipment designed for cryogenic storage and handling. It functions to provide a controlled low-temperature environment for samples or experiments requiring such conditions.
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Idus 401 by Oxford Instruments
Sourced in United Kingdom
The IDus 401 is a high-performance, back-illuminated CCD camera designed for scientific imaging applications. It features a large sensor format, high quantum efficiency, and low read noise, making it suitable for a variety of low-light imaging tasks. The core function of the IDus 401 is to capture high-quality digital images with high sensitivity and resolution.
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5 iodo 2 deoxyuridine idu by Merck Group
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5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IdU) is a synthetic nucleoside analog. It is a structural analog of thymidine, with an iodine atom substituted at the 5th position of the uracil ring.
9
5 chloro 2 deoxyuridine cldu by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany, United States
5-Chloro-2'-deoxyuridine (CldU) is a synthetic nucleoside analog. It is a halogenated derivative of the nucleoside deoxythymidine. CldU can be used as a research tool in cell biology and molecular biology applications.
10
Texas red conjugated anti mouse by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Texas Red-conjugated anti-mouse is a secondary antibody used in immunofluorescence and flow cytometry applications. It is designed to bind to mouse primary antibodies and emit fluorescence in the Texas Red spectrum when excited.

More about "Idoxuridine"

Idoxuridine, also known as 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IdU), is a synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analog that functions as an antiviral agent.
It inhibits DNA synthesis and exhibits activity against certain DNA viruses, including the herpes simplex virus.
Idoxuridine is commonly used to treat viral eye infections, such as keratitis and epithelial corneal ulcers.
Researchers can utilize PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform, to enhance their Idoxuridine studies.
This platform helps locate protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, and leverages comparison tools to identify optimal protocols and products.
This can improve the reproducibility and accuracy of Idoxuridine research.
Related terms and techniques include Mouse anti-BrdU/IdU, which is used to detect incorporated 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IdU) in proliferating cells, and Axio Imager M2, a fluorescence microscope that can be used for IdU imaging.
The IDus 420 and IDus 401 are scientific instruments that can be used in Idoxuridine research.
Other relevant terms include UM-G20–29R, which is a monoclonal antibody that binds to IdU, and Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rat, a fluorescent secondary antibody used for detection.
The EPR finger dewar is a cryogenic device that can be used to maintain samples at low temperatures during Idoxuridine experiments.
Additionally, 5-Chloro-2'-deoxyuridine (CldU) is a related nucleoside analog that can be used in conjunction with IdU for dual-labeling studies.
Texas Red-conjugated anti-mouse is another fluorescent secondary antibody that can be used in Idoxuridine research.