All participants had normal or corrected vision, no history of neurological, psychiatric, or vascular disease, and were not taking any psychotropic or hypertension medications. In addition, they were considered ‘non-gamers’ given that they played less than 2 hours of any type of video game per month. For NeuroRacer, each participant used their left thumb for tracking and their right index finger for responding to signs on a Logitech (Logitech, USA) gamepad controller. Participants engaged in three 3-minute runs of each condition in a randomized fashion. Signs were randomly presented in the same position over the fixation cross for 400 msec every 2, 2.5, or 3 seconds, with the speed of driving dissociated from sign presentation parameters. The multitasking cost index was calculated as follows: [(‘Sign & Drive’ performance - ‘Sign Only’ performance) / ‘Sign Only’ performance] * 100. EEG data for 1 MTT Post-training participant and 1 STT Pre-training participant were corrupted during acquisition. 2 MTT participants, 2 STT participants, and 4 NCC participants were unable to return to complete their 6-month follow-up assessments. Critically, no between-group differences were observed for neuropsychological assessments (p= .52) or Pre-training data involving: i) NeuroRacer thresholding for both Road (p= .57) and Sign (p= .43), ii) NeuroRacer component task performance (p> .10 for each task), iii) NeuroRacer multitasking costs (p= .63), iv) any of the cognitive tests (all ANOVAs at Pre-training: p≥ .26), v) ERSP power for either condition (p≥ .12), and, vi) coherence for either condition (p≥ .54).
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Psychotropic Drugs
Psychotropic Drugs
Psychotropic drugs are a class of medications that affect the central nervous system, influencing mood, perception, and behavior.
These substances can be used to treat a variety of mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, psychosis, and substance abuse disorders.
Psychotropic drugs work by modulating the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain, such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.
They can be divided into several subclasses, including antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, and mood stabilizers.
Proper use of psychotropic medications, under the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider, can help many individuals manage their mental health challenges and improve their quality of life.
However, these drugs must be used with caution due to the potential for side effects and the risk of dependence or abuse.
Researchers studying the effects and applications of psychotropic drugs play a vital role in advancing our understanding and improving treatment options for those in need.
These substances can be used to treat a variety of mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, psychosis, and substance abuse disorders.
Psychotropic drugs work by modulating the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain, such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.
They can be divided into several subclasses, including antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, and mood stabilizers.
Proper use of psychotropic medications, under the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider, can help many individuals manage their mental health challenges and improve their quality of life.
However, these drugs must be used with caution due to the potential for side effects and the risk of dependence or abuse.
Researchers studying the effects and applications of psychotropic drugs play a vital role in advancing our understanding and improving treatment options for those in need.
Most cited protocols related to «Psychotropic Drugs»
Cognitive Testing
Crossing Over, Genetic
Fingers
High Blood Pressures
N-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)cotinine carboxamide
Neoplasm Metastasis
neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human
Neuropsychological Tests
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Psychotropic Drugs
Task Performance
Thumb
Vascular Diseases
Vision
All participants had normal or corrected vision, no history of neurological, psychiatric, or vascular disease, and were not taking any psychotropic or hypertension medications. In addition, they were considered ‘non-gamers’ given that they played less than 2 hours of any type of video game per month. For NeuroRacer, each participant used their left thumb for tracking and their right index finger for responding to signs on a Logitech (Logitech, USA) gamepad controller. Participants engaged in three 3-minute runs of each condition in a randomized fashion. Signs were randomly presented in the same position over the fixation cross for 400 msec every 2, 2.5, or 3 seconds, with the speed of driving dissociated from sign presentation parameters. The multitasking cost index was calculated as follows: [(‘Sign & Drive’ performance - ‘Sign Only’ performance) / ‘Sign Only’ performance] * 100. EEG data for 1 MTT Post-training participant and 1 STT Pre-training participant were corrupted during acquisition. 2 MTT participants, 2 STT participants, and 4 NCC participants were unable to return to complete their 6-month follow-up assessments. Critically, no between-group differences were observed for neuropsychological assessments (p= .52) or Pre-training data involving: i) NeuroRacer thresholding for both Road (p= .57) and Sign (p= .43), ii) NeuroRacer component task performance (p> .10 for each task), iii) NeuroRacer multitasking costs (p= .63), iv) any of the cognitive tests (all ANOVAs at Pre-training: p≥ .26), v) ERSP power for either condition (p≥ .12), and, vi) coherence for either condition (p≥ .54).
Cognitive Testing
Crossing Over, Genetic
Fingers
High Blood Pressures
N-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)cotinine carboxamide
Neoplasm Metastasis
neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human
Neuropsychological Tests
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Psychotropic Drugs
Task Performance
Thumb
Vascular Diseases
Vision
Adult
Child
Homo sapiens
Mental Disorders
Metals
Psychotropic Drugs
Aged
Antipsychotic Agents
Caffeine
Conferences
Craniocerebral Trauma
Diagnosis
Ethics Committees, Research
Mental Disorders
Nicotine
Nitrates
Parent
Patients
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Pregnancy
Psychotropic Drugs
Safety
Schizophrenia
Substance Dependence
Warfarin
Woman
Adult
Child
Healthy Volunteers
Legal Guardians
Mental Disorders
Psychotropic Drugs
Most recents protocols related to «Psychotropic Drugs»
Patients between 18 and 65 years of age referred to a treatment package for single-episode depression will be recruited (Table 1 ) with minimal exclusion criteria to recruit representative adult outpatients who would typically receive treatment in routine practice (Table 1 ), of which the majority are women (71%) and aged 18–35 (68%) (S. Figure 1 ). Patients over 65 (approximately 0.7% of the target population) are excluded because of potential age-related cognitive decline, concomitant medical conditions, or medications that could interact with assessments or treatment (S. Figure 1 ). Allocation into the subcohorts is based on eligibility, e.g., MRI compatibility, scheduling, and patient willingness to participate.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria for patients
| Patient inclusion criteria: |
|---|
• Fulfilment of ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for a primary depressive episode (i.e., not secondary to known organic or other psychiatric disorder) • Referral to a treatment package for single-episode depression • Age between 18 and 65 years |
• Psychosis or psychotic symptoms • History of severe head trauma involving hospitalization or unconsciousness for more than 5 min • Known, substantial structural brain abnormalities • Insufficient Danish language skills to complete questionnaires and cognitive testing |
• Severe somatic disease • Contraindications for MRI (e.g., metal implants, claustrophobia, or back problems) |
• Use of psychotropic drugs • Exposure to radioactivity > 10 mSv within the last year • Pregnancy or breastfeeding |
Adult
Brain
Claustrophobia
Cognition
Congenital Abnormality
Craniocerebral Trauma
Diagnosis
Diploid Cell
Disorders, Cognitive
Eligibility Determination
Hospitalization
Mental Disorders
Metals
Outpatients
Patients
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Pregnancy
Psychotic Disorders
Psychotropic Drugs
Radioactivity
Satisfaction
Target Population
Woman
Detailed medical information about previous illness, medication usage, hereditary dispositions, drug, tobacco, and alcohol intake will be acquired for all participants through interviews, self-report questionnaires, electronic medical records (EMR), and registry data.
Data extracted from the EMR will include treatment codes from the MDD treatment package, dates for treatment package start and completion, psychiatric comorbidities; and standard clinical blood work (e.g., HBA1c, TSH, CRP, and cholesterol). In addition, hormonal contraceptive and psychotropic medication prescription and usage (from 1995 onward) will be extracted from the Danish National Prescription Registry [55 (link), 56 ]. This information includes prescribed medication and dosage and when the patient redeems a prescription. We will retrieve information on lifetime comorbidity from The Danish National Patient Registry (DNPR) [57 (link)]. From the Medical Birth Registry, we will obtain data on maternal and maternal perinatal health [58 (link)]. We will also collect information on alcohol and drug abuse treatment from the National Registry of Alcohol Treatment and Registry of Drug Abusers Undergoing Treatment. From the social registers in Statistics Denmark, we add data on marital status, occupational history, ethnicity, and educational level [59 (link)].
Data extracted from the EMR will include treatment codes from the MDD treatment package, dates for treatment package start and completion, psychiatric comorbidities; and standard clinical blood work (e.g., HBA1c, TSH, CRP, and cholesterol). In addition, hormonal contraceptive and psychotropic medication prescription and usage (from 1995 onward) will be extracted from the Danish National Prescription Registry [55 (link), 56 ]. This information includes prescribed medication and dosage and when the patient redeems a prescription. We will retrieve information on lifetime comorbidity from The Danish National Patient Registry (DNPR) [57 (link)]. From the Medical Birth Registry, we will obtain data on maternal and maternal perinatal health [58 (link)]. We will also collect information on alcohol and drug abuse treatment from the National Registry of Alcohol Treatment and Registry of Drug Abusers Undergoing Treatment. From the social registers in Statistics Denmark, we add data on marital status, occupational history, ethnicity, and educational level [59 (link)].
Abuse, Alcohol
BLOOD
Cholesterol
Contraceptive Agents
Drug Abuser
Ethanol
Ethnicity
Mothers
Patients
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Psychotropic Drugs
Tobacco Products
Participants were adolescents enrolled in 7th-grade classes from two middle schools in two cities (Xinyang & Jiaxing) of central China. Inclusion criteria were: (1) voluntary participation; (2) familiar with the computer; (3) without mental disorder diagnosis or severe physical problems; (4) not currently receiving treatment with psychotherapy or psychotropic medication. Participants’ recruitment progress through the study is presented in Fig. 1 . A total of 121 middle school students were included in the final analysis (53.70% female, mean age = 13.89, SD = 1.09, range = 12–17; CBM-I group: 57.38% female, mean age = 13.74, SD = 1.14; control group: 50.00% female, mean age = 14.05, SD = 1.02), 61 of them were assigned to CBM-I group, 60 of them were assigned to control group.
A power analysis with G*Power 3.1.9.2 (Faul et al., 2009 (link)) of repeated measures of ANOVA was used to calculate the required sample size. The results indicated that 56 participants for each condition were needed to yield statistical power of 1-β = 0.90 at α = 0.05 for a medium effect size (f = 0.25). That was to say, 112 participants in total were needed to be capable to detect an effect of this magnitude. The total sample size in the current study exceeded this minimum.
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A power analysis with G*Power 3.1.9.2 (Faul et al., 2009 (link)) of repeated measures of ANOVA was used to calculate the required sample size. The results indicated that 56 participants for each condition were needed to yield statistical power of 1-β = 0.90 at α = 0.05 for a medium effect size (f = 0.25). That was to say, 112 participants in total were needed to be capable to detect an effect of this magnitude. The total sample size in the current study exceeded this minimum.
CONSORT flowchart for participants’ recruitment
A 121
Adolescent
Diagnosis
Females
Mental Disorders
neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human
Physical Examination
Psychotherapy
Psychotropic Drugs
Student
Two hundred and ten individuals were willing to join this study (May 10, 2021, to July 1, 2022). The exclusion criteria for the two groups were as follows: type 1 diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance58 (link), hypertension, hypoglycemia (blood sugar levels < 3.9 mmol/L), hyperlipidemia, serious eye diseases (e.g., blindness), symptoms of neurological conditions (e.g., cerebral infarction or hemorrhage), history of neurological abnormality (e.g., Parkinson’s disease), severe head injuries or chronic head discomfort (e.g., migraine), BMI > 31 kg/m2, left- or mixed-handedness, substance (tobacco, alcohol, or psychoactive drug) abuse, taking medications that may affect cognition and memory within 6 months, specific abnormalities detected on conventional MRI scans or any other factors that may influence brain structure or function (e.g., extreme physical weakness, chronic infections, and other endocrine diseases). Patients with T2DM were diagnosed by two experienced endocrinologists following international clinical standards59 . MCI was evaluated via Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and MoCA-B (21 ≤ MoCA-B score < 26, and MMSE score > 24 were diagnosed with MCI)60 ,61 (link).
Participants with brain tumors (n = 3), neuropsychiatric diseases (n = 4) (e.g., major depression or schizophrenia), or developmental disorders (n = 4) were excluded. Finally, 37 patients with T2DM-MCI, 93 patients with T2DM-NCI, and 69 NC were enrolled in this study. The source of patients with T2DM and NC corresponded with our previous study37 (link). This study was approved by the ethics committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (ID: NO. JY [2020] 288). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. In addition, the study was conducted following approved guidelines.
Participants with brain tumors (n = 3), neuropsychiatric diseases (n = 4) (e.g., major depression or schizophrenia), or developmental disorders (n = 4) were excluded. Finally, 37 patients with T2DM-MCI, 93 patients with T2DM-NCI, and 69 NC were enrolled in this study. The source of patients with T2DM and NC corresponded with our previous study37 (link). This study was approved by the ethics committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (ID: NO. JY [2020] 288). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. In addition, the study was conducted following approved guidelines.
Asthenia
Blindness
Blood Glucose
Brain
Brain Neoplasms
Cerebral Infarction
Chinese
Chronic Infection
Cognition
Congenital Abnormality
Craniocerebral Trauma
Developmental Disabilities
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent
Drug Abuse
Endocrine System Diseases
Endocrinologists
Ethanol
Ethics Committees, Clinical
Eye Disorders
Glucose
Head
Hemorrhage
High Blood Pressures
Hyperlipidemia
Hypoglycemia
Major Depressive Disorder
Memory
Migraine Disorders
Mini Mental State Examination
MRI Scans
Nervous System Abnormality
Nervous System Disorder
Patients
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Physical Examination
Psychotropic Drugs
Schizophrenia
Tobacco Products
Protocol full text hidden due to copyright restrictions
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Antibiotics
Cefixime
Common Cold
COVID 19
Cystitis
Diagnosis
Fluoroquinolones
Patients
Prescriptions
Psychotropic Drugs
Therapeutics
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More about "Psychotropic Drugs"
Psychoactive Substances, Central Nervous System Drugs, Neuropharmaceuticals, Psychopharmaceuticals, Psychoactive Medications, Neuropsychiatric Medications, Mood-Altering Drugs, Psychiatric Pharmaceuticals, Behaviorally Active Agents.
Psychotropic drugs are a diverse class of medications that exert their effects on the central nervous system, influencing mood, cognition, perception, and behavior.
These substances are commonly used to treat a variety of mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, psychosis, and substance abuse disorders.
Psychotropic drugs work by modulating the activity of key neurotransmitters in the brain, such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.
The subclasses of psychotropic drugs include antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, mood stabilizers, and stimulants.
Proper use of these medications, under the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider, can help many individuals manage their mental health challenges and improve their quality of life.
However, the use of psychotropic drugs requires caution due to the potential for side effects and the risk of dependence or abuse.
Researchers studying the effects and applications of psychotropic drugs play a vital role in advancing our understanding and improving treatment options for those in need.
Advanced statistical software like SAS version 9.4, SPSS version 22.0, Stata version 13, and SPSS version 25 are often utilized in psychotropic drug research to analyze complex data and inform clinical decisions.
By leveraging the power of AI-driven protocol optimization tools like PubCompare.ai, researchers can enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of their psychotropic drug studies, leading to more robust and impactful findings.
Psychotropic drugs are a diverse class of medications that exert their effects on the central nervous system, influencing mood, cognition, perception, and behavior.
These substances are commonly used to treat a variety of mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, psychosis, and substance abuse disorders.
Psychotropic drugs work by modulating the activity of key neurotransmitters in the brain, such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.
The subclasses of psychotropic drugs include antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, mood stabilizers, and stimulants.
Proper use of these medications, under the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider, can help many individuals manage their mental health challenges and improve their quality of life.
However, the use of psychotropic drugs requires caution due to the potential for side effects and the risk of dependence or abuse.
Researchers studying the effects and applications of psychotropic drugs play a vital role in advancing our understanding and improving treatment options for those in need.
Advanced statistical software like SAS version 9.4, SPSS version 22.0, Stata version 13, and SPSS version 25 are often utilized in psychotropic drug research to analyze complex data and inform clinical decisions.
By leveraging the power of AI-driven protocol optimization tools like PubCompare.ai, researchers can enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of their psychotropic drug studies, leading to more robust and impactful findings.