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Radiopharmaceuticals

Radiopharmaceuticals are radioactive chemical compounds used in the diagnosis and treatment of various medical conditions.
These specialized pharmaceuticals incorporate radioactive isotopes that emit specific types of radiation, allowing for the imaging and targeted therapy of diseased tissues.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform streamlines Radiopharmaceuticals research, helping scientists and clinicians effortlessly locate the most effective protocols from literature, preprints, and patents.
The platform's powerful AI comparisons identify the optimal products and procedures, enabling researchers to optimize their Radiopharmaceuticals studies and accelerate advancements in this critical field of nuclear medicine.
Discover the transformative power of PubCompare.ai's leading AI solution for Radiopharmaceuticals research optimization.

Most cited protocols related to «Radiopharmaceuticals»

1
Optimizing Myocardial Perfusion Imaging
Myocardial perfusion images are the result of a complex reconstruction process. Although sophisticated reconstruction methods are available, including correction for motion, attenuation and scatter correction, these software tools cannot produce “miracles”. It is therefore important to achieve optimal quality of the raw data by selecting the proper matrix size, angular sampling, zoom factor, patient-to-camera distance, energy window settings, and assuring that the camera is properly tuned and maintained through regular quality control procedures. In addition, the acquired projection data should be checked for motion and the presence of high extra-cardiac uptake. This should be done before the patient leaves the department and before reconstruction is commenced.
Camera vendors and various third party companies provide reconstruction software that implement iterative reconstruction based on Ordered Subset Expectation Maximisation or maximum likelihood expectation maximization (OS-EM/ML-EM). The advantage of these algorithms over traditional filtered-back projection is that information about the camera, patient and radiopharmaceutical can be exploited to reconstruct better images. CT images can be incorporated for estimation of attenuation and scatter; the collimator-detector-response can be modelled and used for resolution recovery; noise can be compensated by modelling the underlying characteristics of the decay process.
These reconstruction methods can achieve enhanced image quality that may be traded against shorter acquisition times or reduced administered activity. Fundamental to all these algorithms is the correct choice of user-selectable parameters (typically number of iterations and subsets, regularisation, and filter parameters). Inadequate parameters most likely lead to insufficient image quality and artefacts. As implementations vary considerably across vendors, it is not possible to transfer settings between camera systems without prior validation.
Currently, all major vendors offer the possibility to include resolution recovery (also called count recovery) in the OS-EM/ML-EM algorithm. The increased reconstructed resolution and lower noise allow for slightly lower count statistics (hence lower injected activity) or shorter scan times [35 (link)]. However, such techniques require careful testing against phantom studies performed with validated hardware and software.
Verberne H.J., Acampa W., Anagnostopoulos C., Ballinger J., Bengel F., De Bondt P., Buechel R.R., Cuocolo A., van Eck-Smit B.L., Flotats A., Hacker M., Hindorf C., Kaufmann P.A., Lindner O., Ljungberg M., Lonsdale M., Manrique A., Minarik D., Scholte A.J., Slart R.H., Trägårdh E., de Wit T.C, & Hesse B. (2015). EANM procedural guidelines for radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging with SPECT and SPECT/CT: 2015 revision. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 42(12), 1929-1940.
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Publication 2015
Heart Myocardium Patients Perfusion Radionuclide Imaging Radiopharmaceuticals Reconstructive Surgical Procedures
2
Amyloid and Tau PET Imaging Protocols
Amyloid PET imaging was performed with Pittsburgh compound B (Klunk et al., 2004 (link)). Tau PET was performed with AV1451, synthesized on site with precursor supplied by Avid Radiopharmaceuticals (Schwarz et al., 2016 (link)). Late uptake amyloid PET images were acquired 40–60 min and tau PET 80–100 min after injection. CT was obtained for attenuation correction.
Amyloid PET and tau PET were analysed with our in-house fully automated image processing pipeline where image voxel values are extracted from automatically labelled regions of interest propagated from an MRI template. Amyloid and tau PET standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) values were formed by normalizing target regions of interest to the cerebellar crus grey matter (Jack et al., 2017 (link)). The amyloid PET target was the prefrontal, orbitofrontal, parietal, temporal, anterior cingulate, posterior cingulate and precuneus regions of interest (Jack et al., 2017 (link)). Amyloid PET data were not partial volume corrected. The cut-point used to define abnormality (i.e. A+) on amyloid PET was SUVR 1.42 [centiloid 19 (Klunk et al., 2015 (link))] based on the threshold value beyond which the rate of change in amyloid PET reliably increases (Jack et al., 2017 (link)).
Tau PET data were processed as follows: following PET to magnetic resonance spatial registration, a binary brain tissue mask (from the MRI) was resampled into PET voxel dimensions and smoothed with a 6 mm full-width at half-maximum Gaussian filter (approximately the point spread function of the PET camera) to generate a smoothed tissue mask. At each voxel the PET image was divided by the value in the mask to generate a partial volume corrected (PVC) PET image (Meltzer et al., 1990 (link)). An unsmoothed binary MRI grey matter mask was then applied to the PVC PET image to give a grey matter sharpened PET image. Atlas region of interest values were extracted as above for amyloid PET. For comparison, we also analysed PET images without PVC.
Jack CR J.r., Wiste H.J., Schwarz C.G., Lowe V.J., Senjem M.L., Vemuri P., Weigand S.D., Therneau T.M., Knopman D.S., Gunter J.L., Jones D.T., Graff-Radford J., Kantarci K., Roberts R.O., Mielke M.M., Machulda M.M, & Petersen R.C. (2018). Longitudinal tau PET in ageing and Alzheimer’s disease. Brain, 141(5), 1517-1528.
Publication 2018
Amyloid Proteins AV-1451 Brain Cerebellar Gray Matter Gray Matter Gyrus, Anterior Cingulate Leg Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Pittsburgh compound B Posterior Cingulate Cortex Precuneus Radiopharmaceuticals Tissues
3
Radiolabeling and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies
After each preparation of 89Zr-labeled Df-Bz-NCS-mAb or N-sucDf-mAb, the conjugates were analyzed by instant thin-layer chromatography (ITLC) for radiolabeling efficiency and radiochemical purity, and by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by phosphor imager analyses for integrity, and by a cell-binding assay for immunoreactivity.
ITLC analyses of 89Zr-labeled N-sucDf-mAb or Df-Bz-NCS-mAb was performed on silica gel impregnated glass fiber sheets (Pall Corp., East Hills, NY). As the mobile phase, 0.02 M citrate buffer (pH 5.0) was used.
HPLC monitoring of the final products was performed on a Jasco HPLC system using a Superdex 200 10/300 GL size exclusion column (GE Healthcare Life Sciences). As eluent, a mixture of 0.05 M sodium phosphate and 0.15 M sodium chloride (pH 6.8) was used at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. Electrophoresis was performed on a Phastgel System (GE Healthcare Life Sciences) using preformed 7.5% SDS-PAGE gels under non-reducing conditions.
The immunoreactivity was determined by measuring binding of 89Zr-cU36, 89Zr-cetuximab, or 89Zr-rituximab (10,000 cpm/ml) to a serial dilution of 0.2% glutaraldehyde-fixed 11B cells or 2% paraformaldehyde-fixed A431, or Ramos cells, respectively, essentially as described by Lindmo et al. [19 (link)].
Perk L.R., Vosjan M.J., Visser G.W., Budde M., Jurek P., Kiefer G.E, & van Dongen G.A. (2009). p-Isothiocyanatobenzyl-desferrioxamine: a new bifunctional chelate for facile radiolabeling of monoclonal antibodies with zirconium-89 for immuno-PET imaging. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 37(2), 250-259.
Publication 2009
4-isothiocyanatobenzyl-desferrioxamine 89Zr-rituximab Biological Assay Buffers Cells Cetuximab Citrates Electrophoresis Gels Glutaral High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies paraform Phosphorus Radiopharmaceuticals SDS-PAGE Silica Gel Sodium Chloride sodium phosphate Technique, Dilution Thin Layer Chromatography
4
Multimodal neuroimaging protocol for Alzheimer's disease
Amyloid PET imaging was performed with Pittsburgh Compound B19 (link), synthesized on site with precursor purchased from ABX Biochemical Compounds, Germany. Tau PET was performed with AV1451, synthesized on site with precursor supplied by Avid Radiopharmaceuticals 17 (link). Late uptake amyloid PET images were acquired from 40-60 minutes and tau PET from 80-100 minutes after injection. Methods of amyloid PET data analysis have been described previously. 7 (link),23 Amyloid PET values are expressed both in SUVR units and in centiloid units.24 A tau PET composite reporter region of interest (ROI) was formed from a voxel-number weighted average of the median uptake in the entorhinal, amygdala, parahippocampal, fusiform, inferior temporal, and middle temporal ROIs normalized to the cerebellar crus grey median. 23 PET data was not partial volume corrected.
MRI was performed on one of three 3 Tesla systems from the same vendor (General Electric, Waukesha WI, USA). The primary MRI measure was a FreeSurfer (v5·3) derived temporal lobe cortical thickness composite reporter ROI of the entorhinal, inferior temporal, middle temporal, and fusiform ROIs. 23 These were consistently among the top performing ROIs across our previous ROI selection studies discriminating between A– clinically normal and A+ impaired individuals. 25 (link), 26 (link) As an alternative measure of neurodegeneration we used the sum of right and left hippocampal volumes from FreeSurfer adjusted for total intracranial volume (HVa) as described in 27 (link). The MRI acquisition also included a FLAIR sequence from which white matter hyperintensity volume was measured using an algorithm developed in-house.28 (link)We have recently conducted a thorough examination of several different methods for selecting cut-points to define abnormality on amyloid PET, tau PET and MRI thickness. 23 The optimal amyloid PET cut-point of SUVR 1·42 (centiloid 19) was based on the threshold value beyond which the rate of change in amyloid PET reliably increases. We determined cut-points for tau PET and MRI thickness by maximizing the accuracy (i.e., maximizing sensitivity plus specificity) in discriminating between amyloid positive individuals with mild cognitive impairment or dementia versus MCSA CN individuals aged 30-49. Based on this method, the cut­point for tau PET was 1·23 SUVR and for MRI cortical thickness was 2·67 mm. Each participant in the present study was classified into one of the eight ATN states using these cut-points. As a secondary analysis, abnormal N was defined as HVa less than -1·15 cm3 (link). This HVa cut-point was derived in the same manner and using the same samples described in. 23
Jack CR J.r., Wiste H.J., Weigand S.D., Therneau T.M., Knopman D.S., Lowe V., Vemuri P., Mielke M.M., Roberts R.O., Machulda M.M., Senjem M.L., Gunter J.L., Rocca W.A, & Petersen R.C. (2017). Age and sex specific prevalences of cerebral β-amyloidosis, tauopathy and neurodegeneration among clinically normal individuals aged 50-95 years: a cross-sectional study. The Lancet. Neurology, 16(6), 435-444.
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Publication 2017
Amygdaloid Body Amyloid Proteins AV-1451 Cerebellum Cognitive Impairments, Mild Cortex, Cerebral Dementia Electricity Leg Nerve Degeneration Radiopharmaceuticals Temporal Lobe White Matter
5
Absorbed Doses of Radiopharmaceuticals
Absorbed doses were calculated for three radiopharmaceuticals: 18F-FDG, 99mTc-pertechnetate, and 131I-iodide, which are all frequently used clinically.
Andersson M., Johansson L., Eckerman K, & Mattsson S. (2017). IDAC-Dose 2.1, an internal dosimetry program for diagnostic nuclear medicine based on the ICRP adult reference voxel phantoms. EJNMMI Research, 7, 88.
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Publication 2017
F18, Fluorodeoxyglucose Iodides Pertechnetate Radiopharmaceuticals

Most recents protocols related to «Radiopharmaceuticals»

1
FDG-PET-CT Imaging Protocol for Diagnostic Evaluation
FDG-PET-CT scan images were acquired in the department of PET-CT Center of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University using the syngo. via platform (Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany). The CT parameters were set as follows: 120 kV, 150 mA, layer distance 4.25 mm, layer thickness 5 mm. The 18F-FDG imaging agent was generated using the PET trace cyclotron and chemical synthesis systems at our hospital, and its radiochemical purity was not less than 97%. All 25 patients fasted for more than 6–8 h, and their blood glucose was lower than 11.1 mmol/L. After the patients rested for 15 min, the 18F-FDG imaging agent (0.1–0.15 mCi/kg) was administered intravenously as required. After an intravenous injection and 60 min of bed rest, the patient emptied their bladder and drank some water before the PET scan. The scan range covered from the top of the skull to the upper femur, and limb scans were added if necessary. Two experts with extensive experience in PET-CT diagnosis performed a double-blind reading simultaneously. A syngo MultiModality Work Place system (Siemens Healthineers) was used to select and measure structures throughout the body using the region of interest (ROI) tool within the software.
Pu Y., Wang C., Xie R., Zhao S., Li K., Yang C., Li J., Xiang A., Wang Y., Chen L, & Sun H. (2023). Role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography in the diagnosis and treatment response assessment of primary bone lymphoma. Nuclear Medicine Communications, 44(4), 318-329.
Publication 2023
Blood Glucose Cranium Cyclotrons Diagnosis F18, Fluorodeoxyglucose Femur Measure, Body Multimodal Imaging Patients Positron-Emission Tomography Radionuclide Imaging Radiopharmaceuticals Rest, Bed Scan, CT PET Urinary Bladder
2
Radiochemical Purity of 99mTc-HER2 Affibody
The radiochemical purity of 99mTc-labeled HER2 affibody was obtained through SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis. After filtration by NAP-5 column, 20 µl of 99mTc-labeled HER2 affibody sample was added to 5 µl of protein loading buffer and then added to the gel well. After running the electrophoresis apparatus at 150 V for 30 min, the gel was removed from the splint and the radiochemical purity was calculated by measuring its radioactivity count with a γ counter.
Hu X., Liang Z., Qi L., Li F., Cai X, & Cai J. (2023). Radiosynthesis, optimization and pharmacokinetic study of the 99mTc-labeled human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 affibody molecule probe 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2. Nuclear Medicine Communications, 44(4), 244-251.
Publication 2023
Buffers Electrophoresis ERBB2 protein, human Filtration Proteins Radioactivity Radiopharmaceuticals SDS-PAGE Splints
3
Radiolabeling and Stability of HER2 Affibody
The 99mTc labeled HER2 affibody was mixed with normal saline and human serum at a ratio of 1:9, respectively, in a warm bath at 37 °C. The radiochemical purity of 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2 was determined by thin layer chromatography with 0.25 μL of the above mixture at 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 and 480 min, respectively.
Hu X., Liang Z., Qi L., Li F., Cai X, & Cai J. (2023). Radiosynthesis, optimization and pharmacokinetic study of the 99mTc-labeled human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 affibody molecule probe 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2. Nuclear Medicine Communications, 44(4), 244-251.
Publication 2023
Bath ERBB2 protein, human Homo sapiens Normal Saline Radiopharmaceuticals Serum Thin Layer Chromatography
4
Radiolabeled peptide synthesis and characterization
All chemicals and solvents were obtained from commercial suppliers and were used without further purification, unless specified. Lutetium-177 (LuMark Lutetium-177 chloride) was purchased from IDB Holland (Baarle-Nassau, The Netherlands) and indium-111 (Indium (In-111) chloride) was purchased from Curium Netherlands BV (Petten, The Netherlands). HTK01169 and its derivatives were synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), with the exception of certain steps performed in liquid phase, as specified below. Reactions were monitored by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) using silica gel 60 F254 plates (Merck; Darmstadt, Germany) and visualized under ultraviolet light or by staining with 10% phosphomolybdic acid in ethanol. Solid-phase reactions were monitored by Kaiser test. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analyses were performed on an Agilent 1260 Infinity II LC/MSD XT system (Amstelveen, The Netherlands) controlled by ChemStation software. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded in CDCl3 and CD3OD on a Bruker Ascend 600 MHz system (Leiderdorp, The Netherlands) at ambient temperature. Chemical shifts are given as δ values in ppm and coupling constants J are given in Hz. The splitting patterns are reported as s (singlet), d (doublet), t (triplet), m (multiplet), dd (doublet of doublets) and br (broad signal). Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was performed with a Waters Alliance e2695 system (Etten-Leur, The Netherlands) equipped with a 2998 diode array (PDA) detector, a NaI(Tl) Scionix crystal (Bunnik, The Netherlands) connected to a Canberra Osprey multichannel analyzer and signal amplifier (Zellik, Belgium), and Empower 3 software. Radioactivity was measured using a PerkinElmer Wizard 2 γ-counter (Groningen, The Netherlands). Instant thin-layer iTLC-SG chromatography plates (Agilent; Folsom, CA, USA) were analysed by radio-chromatography with a bSCAN scanner (Brightspec; Antwerp, Belgium). Radiochemical yield (RCY), expressed as a percentage (%), is determined by iTLC and corresponds to the ratio of the peak area of the radiolabelled product and the peak area of all radiochemical species. Radiochemical purity (RCP), expressed as a percentage (%), corresponds to the ratio between the peak area of the radiolabelled product and the peak area of all radiochemical species integrated via radio-HPLC.
Murce E., de Blois E., van den Berg S., de Jong M, & Seimbille Y. (2023). Synthesis and radiolabelling of PSMA-targeted derivatives containing GYK/MVK cleavable linkers. Royal Society Open Science, 10(3), 220950.
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Publication 2023
Chlorides Chromatography Chromatography, Reversed-Phase Liquid Curium derivatives Ethanol High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Indium Indium-111 Liquid Chromatography Lutetium-177 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mass Spectrometry phosphomolybdic acid Radioactivity Radiopharmaceuticals Silica Gel Solvents stable plasma protein solution Thin Layer Chromatography Triplets Ultraviolet Rays
5
Radiochemical Quality Assurance for [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-FAPI
The radiolabeling yield and radiochemical purity of [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-FAPI were checked by Instant thin-layer chromatography (ITLC) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) technique.
For ITLC, Whatman No. 1 filter paper was used as stationary phase and acetonitrile as mobile phases. The mixture was spotted at the baseline of the Whatman No. 1 filter paper. The retention time and the %RCY was calculated automatically by the Mini Scan TLC device (BIOSCAN Co., Ltd. (America)).
HPLC was determined by C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm) under working conditions maintained with a flow rate of 1 ml/min in 0.1% TFA/water (A) and 0.1% TFA/acetonitrile (B). The injection volume was 20 μl and the detection time was set as 20 min (12–32% B).
Jiang Y., Tian Y., Feng B., Zhao T., Du L., Yu X, & Zhao Q. (2023). A novel molecular imaging probe [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-FAPI targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts. Scientific Reports, 13, 3700.
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Publication 2023
acetonitrile High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Medical Devices Radionuclide Imaging Radiopharmaceuticals Retention (Psychology) Strains Thin Layer Chromatography

Top products related to «Radiopharmaceuticals»

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Pd 10 column by GE Healthcare
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The PD-10 column is a size-exclusion chromatography column designed for desalting and buffer exchange of protein samples. It is commonly used to separate low molecular weight substances from high molecular weight compounds, such as proteins, in a rapid and efficient manner.
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Itlc sg by Agilent Technologies
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The ITLC-SG is a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plate designed for the separation and analysis of chemical compounds. It is composed of a glass or plastic substrate coated with a thin layer of silica gel, which acts as the stationary phase for the chromatographic process. The ITLC-SG plate provides a versatile platform for the separation and identification of a wide range of organic and inorganic substances through the process of planar chromatography.
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Pettrace cyclotron by GE Healthcare
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The PETtrace cyclotron is a medical particle accelerator used for the production of positron-emitting radioisotopes. It generates a beam of high-energy protons that can be used to produce a variety of radioisotopes for use in PET (Positron Emission Tomography) imaging.
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Cyclone storage phosphor system by PerkinElmer
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The Cyclone Storage Phosphor System is a laboratory equipment designed for the detection and quantification of radioactive signals. It utilizes storage phosphor technology to capture and store images, which can then be scanned and analyzed. The system provides a non-destructive and sensitive method for detecting and quantifying radioactive signals in a variety of applications.
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Pd 10 desalting column by GE Healthcare
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The PD-10 desalting column is a laboratory equipment used for the separation and purification of biomolecules. It functions by removing salts, buffer components, or other small molecular weight substances from protein or nucleic acid samples, allowing for the recovery of the desired macromolecules in a purified form.
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68ge 68ga generator by Eckert & Ziegler
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The 68Ge/68Ga generator is a laboratory equipment used to produce gallium-68 (68Ga), a radioactive isotope. The generator utilizes the radioactive decay of germanium-68 (68Ge) to generate 68Ga, which can be extracted and used for various applications.
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Tracerlab fx fn by GE Healthcare
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The TRACERlab FX-FN is a compact and versatile radiopharmaceutical synthesis module designed for the production of fluorine-18 (F-18) labeled tracers for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging. The system provides automated and controlled synthesis of a variety of F-18 labeled PET tracers for clinical and research applications.
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Ar 2000 by Bioscan
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The AR-2000 is a versatile laboratory equipment designed for accurate and reliable analysis. It utilizes advanced spectroscopy techniques to measure and quantify various analytes in a wide range of samples. The core function of the AR-2000 is to provide precise and reproducible analytical data to support research, quality control, and other scientific applications.
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Luna c18 by Phenomenex
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The Luna C18 is a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column designed for the separation and analysis of a wide range of compounds. It features a spherical silica-based stationary phase with chemically bonded C18 functional groups, providing excellent retention and selectivity for non-polar and moderately polar analytes.
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Luna c18 column by Phenomenex
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The Luna C18 column is a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column designed for the separation and analysis of a wide range of organic compounds. The column features a silica-based stationary phase with chemically bonded C18 alkyl chains, which provides enhanced selectivity and retention for non-polar analytes. The Luna C18 column is suitable for a variety of applications, including drug analysis, environmental monitoring, and food chemistry.

More about "Radiopharmaceuticals"

Radiopharmaceuticals are specialized radioactive pharmaceuticals used in the diagnosis and treatment of various medical conditions.
These compounds incorporate radioactive isotopes that emit specific types of radiation, enabling the imaging and targeted therapy of diseased tissues.
PubCompare.ai's cutting-edge AI platform streamlines Radiopharmaceuticals research, helping scientists and clinicians effortlessly locate the most effective protocols from literature, preprints, and patents.
The platform's powerful AI comparisons identify the optimal products and procedures, enabling researchers to optimize their Radiopharmaceuticals studies and accelerate advancements in this critical field of nuclear medicine.
Radioisotopes, radioactive tracers, nuclear imaging, positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and targeted radionuclide therapy are some of the key terms and concepts associated with Radiopharmaceuticals.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven solution leverages advanced techniques like ITLC-SG (Instant Thin Layer Chromatography) and PD-10 desalting columns to streamline the analysis and purification of Radiopharmaceuticals.
The platform also integrates with cutting-edge equipment like the PETtrace cyclotron and Cyclone Storage Phosphor System to facilitate efficient Radiopharmaceuticals production and characterization.
By incorporating the latest advancements in Radiopharmaceuticals research, such as the use of 68Ge/68Ga generators and the TRACERlab FX-FN synthesis module, PubCompare.ai empowers scientists to optimize their studies and accelerate the development of innovative Radiopharmaceuticals-based treatments.
Discover the transformative power of PubCompare.ai's leading AI solution for Radiopharmaceuticals research optimization and take your research to new heights.