Acyl-CoA extraction was performed as previously described[20 (link)] after spiking in 100 μL of acyl-CoA internal standards derived from pan6 deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown in [13C315N1]-pantothenic acid containing media as previously described[21 (link)]. Since this acyl-CoA internal standard is biologically derived, some batch to batch variation is expected, but our previous calculations on yield estimate 100 μL of acyl-CoA internal standards produced by this method to contain 200 ng of [13C315N1]-acetyl-CoA, 20 ng of [13C315N1]-succinyl-CoA, and 5 ng of [13C315N1]-propionyl-CoA as well as varying amounts of other [13C315N1]-acyl-CoAs not included in this study.
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Pantothenic Acid
Pantothenic Acid
Pantothenic Acid, also known as Vitamin B5, is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in various metabolic processes.
It is involved in the synthesis of coenzyme A, a key molecule in the citric acid cycle and fatty acid metabolism.
Pantothenic Acid is widely distributed in plant and animal tissues, and its deficiency can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, irritability, and digestive issues.
Researchers are actively exploring the potential therapeutic applications of Pantothenic Aicid, including its effects on cardiovascular health, cognitive function, and skin health.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help streamline your Pantothenic Acid research by providing access to the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, enabling you to identify the most effective approaches and unlock new insights.
It is involved in the synthesis of coenzyme A, a key molecule in the citric acid cycle and fatty acid metabolism.
Pantothenic Acid is widely distributed in plant and animal tissues, and its deficiency can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, irritability, and digestive issues.
Researchers are actively exploring the potential therapeutic applications of Pantothenic Aicid, including its effects on cardiovascular health, cognitive function, and skin health.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform can help streamline your Pantothenic Acid research by providing access to the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, enabling you to identify the most effective approaches and unlock new insights.
Most cited protocols related to «Pantothenic Acid»
Acyl Coenzyme A
Coenzyme A, Acetyl
Pantothenic Acid
propionyl-coenzyme A
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
succinyl-coenzyme A
2d after reaching confluence, cells were differentiated in a serum-free complete differentiation media (DMEM/F12 with 0.5 mM IBMX, 100 nM insulin, 100 nM dexamethasone, 2 nM T3, 10 μg/ml transferrin, 1 μM Rosiglitazone, 33 μM biotin and 17 μM pantothenic acid) (9 (link), 10 (link)). After induction in the complete differentiation media (3, 7 or 11 days), cells were maintained in DMEM/F12 with insulin (10 nM) and dexamethasone (10 nM) until harvest or use for metabolic experiments (d14 to d17). There was no evidence of cell toxicity due to the longer induction protocol as judged by the release of the intracellular enzyme LDH (data not shown). For testing the effects of FBS on adipogenesis, 0, 1, 3, 5 or 10% FBS was added to differentiation and maintenance media.
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine
Adipogenesis
Biotin
Cells
Culture Media, Serum-Free
Dexamethasone
Enzymes
Insulin
Pantothenic Acid
Protoplasm
Rosiglitazone
Transferrin
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine
Adipogenesis
Biotin
Cells
Culture Media, Serum-Free
Dexamethasone
Enzymes
Insulin
Pantothenic Acid
Protoplasm
Rosiglitazone
Transferrin
Orbital adipose/connective tissue explants were obtained from seven GO individuals undergoing surgical decompression for severe proptosis associated with increased orbital fat volume, and tissue from seven control individuals with no history of GO or autoimmune thyroid disease was obtained in the course of orbital surgery for other noninflammatory problems (Table 1 ). The GO patients were not on steroid medication for at least 3 months before surgery and were euthyroid at the time of surgery. The orbital adipose tissue volumes were seriously enlarged in all GO patients. However, the clinical activity score at the time of harvest was below four in all patients (i.e., all the GO patients were not in an active inflammatory disease state). Orbital decompression surgery is usually not performed in the active disease, as surgery itself can aggravate inflammation and proptosis can recur postoperatively. None of the patients had been previously treated with orbital radiotherapy. The protocol for obtaining orbital adipose/connective tissue was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Severance Hospital, and written informed consent was obtained from all patients.
Tissue explants were minced and placed directly in plastic culture dishes in DMEM containing 20% FBS, penicillin (100 U/mL), and gentamycin (20 µg/mL), allowing preadipocyte fibroblasts to proliferate. After fibroblasts had grown out from the explants, monolayers were passaged serially by gently treating with trypsin/EDTA, and cultures were maintained in 80-mm flasks containing DMEM with 10% FBS and antibiotics. Cell cultures were grown in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C. The strains were stored in liquid N2 until needed, and they were used between the third and seventh passage.
After cells reached confluence in 6-well plates, differentiation of adipocytes was initiated by the following protocol. The culture medium were changed to serum-free DMEM supplemented with 33 µM biotin, 17 µM pantothenic acid, 10 µg/ml transferrin, 0.2 nM T3, 1 µM insulin (Boehringer-Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany), and 0.2 µM carbaprostaglandin (cPGI2; Calbiochem, La Jolla, CA, USA). For the first 4 days, 1 µM insulin, 1 µM dexamethasone, and 0.1 mM isobutylmethylxanthine were included in the media. The differentiation was continued for 10 days, during which the media was replaced every 3 days. A PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone (10 µM, Cayman, Ann Arbor, MI, USA), was added from day 1 for further stimulation of adipogenesis.
Tissue explants were minced and placed directly in plastic culture dishes in DMEM containing 20% FBS, penicillin (100 U/mL), and gentamycin (20 µg/mL), allowing preadipocyte fibroblasts to proliferate. After fibroblasts had grown out from the explants, monolayers were passaged serially by gently treating with trypsin/EDTA, and cultures were maintained in 80-mm flasks containing DMEM with 10% FBS and antibiotics. Cell cultures were grown in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C. The strains were stored in liquid N2 until needed, and they were used between the third and seventh passage.
After cells reached confluence in 6-well plates, differentiation of adipocytes was initiated by the following protocol. The culture medium were changed to serum-free DMEM supplemented with 33 µM biotin, 17 µM pantothenic acid, 10 µg/ml transferrin, 0.2 nM T3, 1 µM insulin (Boehringer-Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany), and 0.2 µM carbaprostaglandin (cPGI2; Calbiochem, La Jolla, CA, USA). For the first 4 days, 1 µM insulin, 1 µM dexamethasone, and 0.1 mM isobutylmethylxanthine were included in the media. The differentiation was continued for 10 days, during which the media was replaced every 3 days. A PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone (10 µM, Cayman, Ann Arbor, MI, USA), was added from day 1 for further stimulation of adipogenesis.
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Adipocytes
Adipogenesis
Antibiotics
Autoimmune Diseases
Biotin
Caimans
Cell Culture Techniques
Cells
Culture Media
Decompression, Surgical
Dexamethasone
Edetic Acid
Ethics Committees, Research
Exophthalmos
Fibroblasts
Gentamicin
Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal
Inflammation
Insulin
Operative Surgical Procedures
Pantothenic Acid
Patients
Penicillins
Pharmaceutical Preparations
PPAR-gamma Agonists
Radiotherapy
Rosiglitazone
Serum
Steroids
Strains
Thyroid Diseases
Thyroid Gland
Tissue, Adipose
Tissues
Transferrin
Trypsin
The following Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains were used in this study: Escherichia coli strain GC4468 (F- Δlac U169 rpsL) provided by Dr. D. Touati [13 (link)], and Staphylococcus aureus strain ATCC25923 [14 (link)]. Overnight cultures were grown in a shaking water bath at 200 rpm and 37°C in Luria-Bertoni (LB) medium (BD Biosciences, USA) or in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth (BD Biosciences, USA), respectively.
For experiments, the overnight cultures were either diluted 200-fold in LB medium and grown to mid-log phase in a shaking water bath at 200 rpm and 37°C or diluted and used as stationary phase cultures. When necessary, cells were thoroughly washed with PBS to remove traces of medium and resuspended to OD600nm = 0.5 or 0.1 in PBS containing 0.2% glucose. Experiments were performed in 96-well plates. Aliquots (100 μl/well) of cell suspensions were transferred into triplicate wells, and tested compounds were added. Stock solutions of tested compounds were prepared in PBS and filter-sterilized.
M9CA medium consisted of M9 salts, prepared by dissolving 6 g Na2HPO4, 3 g K2HPO4, 1 g NH4Cl, and 0.5 g NaCl in 1 liter of distilled water. To 100 ml of M9 salts, 1 ml of each 0.2 M MgSO4, 20% glucose, casamino acids (Difco) to 20%, and 50 μL of 0.2 M CaCl2, autoclaved separately were added. Immediately before use, filter-sterilized solutions of pantothenic acid and thiamine were added to a final concentration of 3 mg/L.
Individual amino acids (Sigma-Aldrich) were added to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (Thermo Fisher Scientific) supplemented with 0.2% glucose or to M9 salts supplemented with 0.2% glucose. Since both media produced similar results, only data obtained in PBS/glucose are presented.
For anaerobic experiments, solutions were degassed, and together with plates containing cell suspensions, were transferred and equilibrated in an anaerobic Coy chamber (Plas Labs Inc., USA). All additions were performed under anaerobic conditions. Anaerobic cultures were grown in a Coy chamber at 37 oC.
For experiments, the overnight cultures were either diluted 200-fold in LB medium and grown to mid-log phase in a shaking water bath at 200 rpm and 37°C or diluted and used as stationary phase cultures. When necessary, cells were thoroughly washed with PBS to remove traces of medium and resuspended to OD600nm = 0.5 or 0.1 in PBS containing 0.2% glucose. Experiments were performed in 96-well plates. Aliquots (100 μl/well) of cell suspensions were transferred into triplicate wells, and tested compounds were added. Stock solutions of tested compounds were prepared in PBS and filter-sterilized.
M9CA medium consisted of M9 salts, prepared by dissolving 6 g Na2HPO4, 3 g K2HPO4, 1 g NH4Cl, and 0.5 g NaCl in 1 liter of distilled water. To 100 ml of M9 salts, 1 ml of each 0.2 M MgSO4, 20% glucose, casamino acids (Difco) to 20%, and 50 μL of 0.2 M CaCl2, autoclaved separately were added. Immediately before use, filter-sterilized solutions of pantothenic acid and thiamine were added to a final concentration of 3 mg/L.
Individual amino acids (Sigma-Aldrich) were added to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (Thermo Fisher Scientific) supplemented with 0.2% glucose or to M9 salts supplemented with 0.2% glucose. Since both media produced similar results, only data obtained in PBS/glucose are presented.
For anaerobic experiments, solutions were degassed, and together with plates containing cell suspensions, were transferred and equilibrated in an anaerobic Coy chamber (Plas Labs Inc., USA). All additions were performed under anaerobic conditions. Anaerobic cultures were grown in a Coy chamber at 37 oC.
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Amino Acids
Bath
Brain
casamino acids
Cells
Escherichia coli
Glucose
Glucosephosphates
Heart
Pantothenic Acid
Phosphates
Plasma
potassium phosphate, dibasic
Saline Solution
Salts
Sodium Chloride
Staphylococcus aureus
Strains
Sulfate, Magnesium
Thiamine
Most recents protocols related to «Pantothenic Acid»
Example 6
This example provides a representative example of an aqueous solution to be used in a method described herein. The composition may contain the following ingredients:
The aqueous solution is formulated in physiological saline and adjusted to about pH 7.4, thereby minimizing any injecting pain beyond the needle prick. In addition, the aqueous solution may be optionally supplemented with a preservative (e.g., benzyl alcohol), a chemical stabilizer (e.g., gentisic acid), and/or an additional bioactive agent (e.g., platelet-rich plasma) depending on anticipated delivery method, shelf-life, and intended effects.
Example 7
The purpose of this example is to evaluate the efficacy of a composition described herein in treating the signs of aging present on facial skin. A composition is prepared as in Example 6.
Two groups of human subjects (8-10 subjects per group) are injected with the composition or physiological saline (control) twice a day for a period of 29 days. At the end of the 29 day test period, the subjects are polled regarding various aspects of the effectiveness of the composition described herein in treating and/or minimizing signs of aging present on the skin. The following aspects of the composition described herein are evaluated:
-
- (1) effectiveness of the composition described herein in improving the smoothness and/or softness of skin (i.e., making the skin feel smoother and softer following treatment);
- (2) effectiveness of the composition described herein in improving the overall appearance of skin;
- (3) effectiveness of the composition described herein in evening out skin tone and texture;
- (4) effectiveness of the composition described herein in improving the clarity and/or radiance of skin;
- (5) effectiveness of the composition described herein in making the skin look younger; and
- (6) effectiveness of the composition described herein in making wrinkles appear softer and/or less prominent.
- (7) effectiveness of the composition described herein in increasing the degree of hydration of the skin.
Patients treated with the composition exhibit improvement in one or more of the symptoms described herein.
Example 8
The purpose of this example is to evaluate the efficacy of a composition described herein in treating the signs of aging present on facial skin. A composition is prepared as in Example 6.
Two groups of human subjects (8-10 subjects per group) are injected with the composition or physiological saline (control) on days 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, 30, 60, and 90 of treatment. At the end of the 90-day test period, the subjects are polled regarding various aspects of the effectiveness of the composition described herein in treating and/or minimizing signs of aging present on the skin. The following aspects of the composition described herein are evaluated:
-
- (1) effectiveness of the composition described herein in improving the smoothness and/or softness of skin (i.e., making the skin feel smoother and softer following treatment);
- (2) effectiveness of the composition described herein in improving the overall appearance of skin;
- (3) effectiveness of the composition described herein in evening out skin tone and texture;
- (4) effectiveness of the composition described herein in improving the clarity and/or radiance of skin;
- (5) effectiveness of the composition described herein in making the skin look younger; and
- (6) effectiveness of the composition described herein in making wrinkles appear softer and/or less prominent.
- (7) effectiveness of the composition described herein in increasing the degree of hydration of the skin.
Patients treated with the composition exhibit improvement in one or more of the symptoms described herein.
While preferred embodiments have been shown and described herein, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Numerous variations, changes, and substitutions will now occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the embodiments. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments described herein may be employed. It is intended that the following claims define the scope of the embodiments and that methods and structures within the scope of these claims and their equivalents be covered thereby.
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Ascorbic Acid
Benzyl Alcohol
Cobalamins
Face
Feelings
gentisic acid
Needles
Niacin
Niacinamide
Obstetric Delivery
Pain
Pantothenic Acid
Patients
Pharmaceutical Preservatives
physiology
Platelet-Rich Plasma
Pyridoxine Hydrochloride
Riboflavin
Saline Solution
Skin
Skin Pigmentation
Sodium Riboflavin Phosphate
Sterility, Reproductive
Thiamine
Vitamin B6
Vitamins
Youth
Zinc Sulfate, Heptahydrate
Example 5
An aqueous solution containing the following ingredients:
-
- about 1500 to about 6250 meg cobalamin (vitamin B12);
- about 150 to about 250 mg ascorbic acid (vitamin C);
- about 30 to about 50 mg nicotinamide (vitamin B3);
- about 4.5 to about 7.5 mg thiamine (vitamin B1);
- about 0.1 to about 0.3 mg pyridoxine HCl (vitamin B6);
- about 2.7 to about 4.5 mg riboflavin 5-phosphate sodium (vitamin B2);
- about 7.5 to about 15 mg pantothenic acid (vitamin B5);
- about 0.08 to about 0.125 mg Zinc sulfate heptahydrate; and
- about 1 ml q.s., sterile water for injection
The aqueous solution is formulated in physiological saline and adjusted an acceptable pH in the range of about 6.5 to about 7.5 to 7.4, thereby minimizing any injecting pain beyond the needle prick. The aqueous solution may be optionally supplemented with a preservative (e.g., from about 0.01% to about 2% benzyl alcohol), a chemical stabilizer (e.g., from about 0.01% to about 2% gentisic acid), and/or an additional bioactive agent (e.g., from about 0.01% to about 2% hyaluronic acid) depending on anticipated delivery method, shelf-life, and intended effects.
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5'-O-(6-O-malonylglucopyranosyl)pyridoxine
Ascorbic Acid
Benzyl Alcohol
Cobalamins
gentisic acid
Hyaluronic acid
Needles
Niacin
Niacinamide
Obstetric Delivery
Pain
Pantothenic Acid
Pharmaceutical Preservatives
physiology
Riboflavin
Saline Solution
Sodium Riboflavin Phosphate
Sterility, Reproductive
Thiamine
Vitamin B6
Vitamins
Zinc Sulfate, Heptahydrate
Hy-Line Brown laying hens were fed with a regular diet (corn-soybean meal-based; containing 0.32% non-phytate phosphorus (NPP); Table 1 ) start from 35 weeks of age. On the last day of age 40 weeks, a total of 60 hens that laid eggs between 07:30−08:30 were randomly selected to evaluate the daily phosphorus rhythms. Of them, 45 hens were euthanized for sample collection, and the other 15 hens were used to study the feed intake and calcium/phosphorus excretion rhythms. For sample collection, the 45 hens were sampled according the oviposition cycle: at oviposition, at 6, 12, 18 h post-oviposition, and at the next oviposition, respectively, with 9 hens sampled at each of the time point. The following samples were collected: blood (for serum), uterine (stored at −80 ℃, for Western-blotting analysis), femur (in 4% paraformaldehyde, for histological analysis) and kidney (stored at −80 ℃, for Western-blotting analysis). For the other 15 hens, the feed intake was recoded and the excreta was collected at the following intervals: from oviposition to 6 h post-oviposition, from 7 to 12 h post-oviposition, from 13 to 18 h post-oviposition, from 19 h post-oviposition to the next oviposition.
Composition and nutrient concentrations of basal diet (%, unless noted, as-is basis)
| Item | Low phosphorus | Regular phosphorus |
|---|---|---|
| Ingredients | ||
| Corn | 56.69 | 56.69 |
| Soybean meal | 25.77 | 25.77 |
| Distillers dried grains with solubles | 4.00 | 4.00 |
| Calcium carbonate | 9.73 | 9.04 |
| Dicalcium phosphate | - | 1.15 |
| Soybean oil | 1.51 | 1.51 |
| Sodium chloride | 0.26 | 0.26 |
| DL-Methionine | 0.18 | 0.18 |
| Choline chloride | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Montmorillonite | 0.71 | 0.25 |
| Premix1 | 1 | 1 |
| In total | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| Nutrient levels | ||
| Metabolizable energy, kcal/kg (calculated) | 2,600 | 2,600 |
| Crude protein (calculated) | 16.5 | 16.5 |
| Total phosphorus (calculated/analyzed) | 0.34/0.34 | 0.53/0.49 |
| Non-phytate phosphorus (calculated) | 0.14 | 0.32 |
| Calcium (calculated/analyzed) | 3.50/3.47 | 3.50/3.52 |
1Provided per kilogram of diet: manganese 60 mg, copper 8 mg, zinc 80 mg, iodine 0.35 mg, selenium 0.3 mg, vitamin A 8000 IU, vitamin E 30 mg, vitamin K3 1.5 mg, thiamine 4 mg, riboflavin 13 mg, pantothenic acid 15 mg, nicotinamide 20 mg, pyridoxine 6 mg, biotin 0.15 mg, folic acid 1.5 mg, and cobalamin 0.02 mg
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Biotin
BLOOD
Calcium, Dietary
calcium phosphate
Cereals
Choline
Copper
Corn Flour
Corns
Diet
Eggs
Feed Intake
Femur
Folic Acid
Iodine
Kidney
Manganese
Niacinamide
Nutrients
Oviposition
Pantothenic Acid
paraform
Phosphorus
Phytate
Proteins
Pyridoxine
Riboflavin
Selenium
Serum
Sodium
sodium phosphate
Soybean Flour
Soybeans
Specimen Collection
Thiamine
Uterus
Vitamin A
Vitamin B12
Vitamin E
Vitamin K3
Western Blot
Zinc-80
The thermogenic supplement treatment and placebo were in powder form with uniform scoop sizes and dissolved in 300 mL of cold water. Lab staff prepared the powder and water mixture to mix appropriately and observed the participants’ consumption of the treatments, which had to be completed in <5 min. The ingredients in the active treatment, which contains 150 mg of caffeine (OxyShred Thermogenic Fat Burner, EHP Labs, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA) are presented in Table 1 , while the placebo contained only inactive ingredients (gum Arabic, citric acid, malic acid, NAT Watermelon Type, NAT bitter blocker, sucralose, silicon dioxide, calcium silicate, beet color powder). Treatment and placebo powders were blinded for taste, texture, and appearance, produced by the manufacturer, and arrived in blinded containers. All containers were kept at room temperature in a cool and dry location. The treatment was given to the participants after completion of all baseline testing and questionnaires.
EHP Labs OxyShred thermogenic fat burner ingredients list
| OxyShred (one serving) | Amount/serving | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Calories | 5 | |
| Total carbohydrate | 1.0 g | <1 |
| Dietary fiber | 0.2 g | 4* |
| Vitamin C | 173 mg | 193 |
| Thiamin | 0.56 mg | 46 |
| Riboflavin | 0.78 mg | 60 |
| Niacin | 20 mg | 123 |
| Vitamin B6 | 0.98 mg | 58 |
| Vitamin B12 | 0.9 mcg | 38 |
| Pantothenic acid | 1.7 mg | 34 |
| Chromium picolinate | 10 mcg | 3 |
| Fat burning matrix | 2003 mg | |
| Immunity booster & prebiotic complex | 625 mg | |
| Mood enhancer matrix | 851 mg | |
| Full B vitamin spectrum | 24.59 mg |
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4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone
ARID1A protein, human
Ascorbic Acid
Beta vulgaris
Caffeine
calcium silicate
Carnitine
Chlorogenic Acid
Chromium
Citric Acid
Cobalamins
Coffee
Cold Temperature
Dietary Supplements
Excipients
Fibrosis
Fruit
Garcinia cambogia
Glutamine
grapefruit seed extract
gugulu extract
Gum Arabic
Huperzia
huperzine A
hydroxycitric acid
Inulin
Linoleic Acids, Conjugated
malic acid
Mangifera indica bark
Mood
Niacin
oleuropein
olive leaf extract
Pantothenate, Calcium
Pantothenic Acid
Placebos
Powder
Prebiotics
Pyridoxine Hydrochloride
Raspberries
Response, Immune
Riboflavin
Secondary Immunization
Silicon Dioxide
Sodium Chloride
sucralose
Taste
Taurine
Thermogenesis
Thiamine
Thiamine Mononitrate
Tyrosine
Vitamin B6
Vitamins
Watermelon
Patients and/or their caregivers were asked to fill out 5-day nutritional records in order to assess daily nutrition parameters. In addition to copper and total energy consumption, macronutrients [protein (g/kg/day), percentage of energy gained from fat and carbohydrate (%), fiber (g/day)], vitamins [vitamin A (μg/day), vitamin D (μg/day), vitamin E (mg/day), vitamin K (μg/day), vitamin B1 (mg/day), vitamin B2 (mg/day), niacin (mg/1000 kcal), pantothenic acid (mg/day), vitamin B6 (mg/day), biotin (μg/day), folate (μg/day), vitamin B12 (μg/day), vitamin C (mg/day)], and particular minerals’ [zinc (mg/day), iron (mg/day)] intakes were analyzed using Bebis 7.1 Program.
The sufficiency of dietary intake of macro- and micronutrients was evaluated according to reference values of the Turkish Nutrition Guideline.12 Daily copper consumption (DCC) <1.3 mg/day in females and <1.6 mg/day in males was defined as “low DCC group.”12 ,13 (link) The patients and/or their caregivers were given a questionnaire about their attitudes toward dietary copper restriction. Based on their statements, the patients were divided as either “following a copper-restricted diet” or “not restricting copper.” The normal ranges for percentage of energy gained from fat and carbohydrate were defined as 20%-35% and 45%-60%, respectively.12 Minimum required daily fiber intake (g/day) was calculated as “patient age (years) + 5.”
The sufficiency of dietary intake of macro- and micronutrients was evaluated according to reference values of the Turkish Nutrition Guideline.12 Daily copper consumption (DCC) <1.3 mg/day in females and <1.6 mg/day in males was defined as “low DCC group.”12 ,13 (link) The patients and/or their caregivers were given a questionnaire about their attitudes toward dietary copper restriction. Based on their statements, the patients were divided as either “following a copper-restricted diet” or “not restricting copper.” The normal ranges for percentage of energy gained from fat and carbohydrate were defined as 20%-35% and 45%-60%, respectively.12 Minimum required daily fiber intake (g/day) was calculated as “patient age (years) + 5.”
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Ascorbic Acid
Biotin
Carbohydrates
Cobalamins
Copper
Dietary Restriction
Ergocalciferol
Females
Fibrosis
Folate
G-substrate
Iron
Macronutrient
Males
Micronutrients
Minerals
Niacin
Pantothenic Acid
Patients
Riboflavin
Thiamine
Vitamin A
Vitamin B6
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Vitamins
Zinc
Top products related to «Pantothenic Acid»
Sourced in United States
Pantothenic acid is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for various metabolic processes in the body. It serves as a key component of coenzyme A, which plays a crucial role in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. Pantothenic acid is involved in the production of red blood cells, as well as the synthesis of hormones and neurotransmitters.
Sourced in United States, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, China, Canada, France, Belgium, Japan, India
Biotin is a laboratory-grade product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a water-soluble vitamin that serves as a cofactor for certain enzymes involved in carboxylation reactions. Biotin is commonly used in various biochemical and molecular biology applications.
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Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid medication used in a variety of medical applications. It is primarily used as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant agent.
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Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin that is commonly used in laboratory settings. It serves as a core component in various biological processes, including energy metabolism and cellular respiration. Riboflavin plays a crucial role as a cofactor for enzymes involved in the conversion of food into energy. This product is often used in research and analytical applications where its specific properties and functions are required.
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Insulin is a lab equipment product designed to measure and analyze insulin levels. It provides accurate and reliable results for research and diagnostic purposes.
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Phytagel is a natural polysaccharide derived from Sphingomonas paucimobilis bacteria. It is a versatile gelling agent used in various laboratory applications, including cell and tissue culture, microbiology, and biochemistry. Phytagel forms clear, stable gels that can withstand a wide range of pH, temperature, and ionic conditions.
Sourced in United States, Germany, China
Niacin is a laboratory-grade chemical compound that serves as a versatile raw material for various applications. It is a water-soluble vitamin, also known as vitamin B3, which plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and various physiological processes. Niacin is commonly used in the production of pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, and as a food additive. Its core function is to provide an essential nutrient for the maintenance of normal bodily functions.
Sourced in Germany
D-pantothenic acid is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in various metabolic processes. It is an essential component of coenzyme A, which is involved in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. D-pantothenic acid is widely distributed in nature and can be found in a variety of food sources, such as meat, dairy products, legumes, and whole grains.
B5 vitamins, also known as pantothenic acid, are a group of essential micronutrients used in various laboratory applications. These vitamins play a crucial role in cellular metabolic processes and serve as cofactors for numerous enzymes. B5 vitamins are commonly used in cell culture media and other biological applications where their presence is required for optimal growth and development of cells and organisms.
Sourced in United States, Germany, China, France, Macao, Italy, Sao Tome and Principe
Rosiglitazone is a synthetic compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a member of the thiazolidinedione class of drugs and functions as a selective agonist for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma). Rosiglitazone is commonly used in research studies to investigate its effects on cellular and metabolic processes.