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Vitamin A2

Vitamin A2, also known as 3,4-didehydroretinol, is a form of vitamin A that plays a crucial role in visual function, cell growth, and immune system regulation.
It is found in certain fish, animal liver, and dairy products.
Vitamin A2 research is essential for understanding its potential health benefits and developing effective therapies.
PubCompare.ai, the leading AI-driven platform, can help optimize your Vitamin A2 research by locating relevant protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, while using powerful AI-driven comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for your study.
Streamline your research and improve your outcomes with PubCompare.ai's advanced analytical capabilities.

Most cited protocols related to «Vitamin A2»

1
Comprehensive Biomarker Analysis of COACS Cohort
Cited 7 times
Blood samples were collected from the antecubital vein of all participants in the morning under fasting conditions. They were stored in vacuum tubes containing EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) and coagulation tubes. A range of haematological and biochemistry tests (Table 2) were conducted on fresh samples at the central laboratory of the Staff Hospital of Jidong oil-field of Chinese National Petroleum. Fasting blood glucose was measured with the hexokinase/glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase method. Cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were determined by enzymatic methods (Mind Bioengineering Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China). Blood samples were also measured using an auto-analyzer (Hitachi 747; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) at the central laboratory of the Staff Hospital of Jidong oil-field of Chinese National Petroleum. For all participants, serum creatinine, cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C), low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C), triglycerides and glucose levels were assessed. In subgroup analysis studies, various biomarkers of blood cells, serum and plasma were measured: C-reactive protein, homocysteine, estrogens, androgens, vitamin D, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), insulin, and glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c.

Haematology, biochemistry and biological specimen banking in the COACS

Analysate
Red blood cellsHaemoglobin
Red corpuscle count
Haematocrit
Mean corpuscular volume
Mean corpuscular
Haemoglobin concentration
Red blood cell distribution width
White blood cellsWhite cell count Total count
Differential count
PlateletsPlatelets Count
Mean platelet volume
UreaUrine specific gravity
Ery
Urea nitrogen
Uric acid (UA)
Creatinine (Cr)
Urine protein
Liver function tests (plasma)Alkaline phosphatise
Alanine transaminase (ALT)
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
Phosphatise Transglutaminase (TG)
Liver function tests (serum)HBsAg
Anti-HBs
HBeAg
Anti-HBe
Anti-HBc
Lipids (plasma)Total cholesterol (TC)
Total bilirubin (TBIL)
Triglycerides (TG)
Low density lipoprotein (LDL)
Very Low density lipoprotein (VLDL)
General chemistry (plasma)C-reactive protein
Homocysteine
Steroids
Glucose
Insulin
Glycosylated hemoglobin
Bio-specimen banking
 White blood cellsDNA, RNA extraction and analyses
 SerumPedtidome profiling
 PlasmaGlycome
Blood samples were processed and separated onsite for biospecimen banking (−80 °C). DNA and RNA were extracted and stored in the laboratory of Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
Wang Y., Ge S., Yan Y., Wang A., Zhao Z., Yu X., Qiu J., Alzain M.A., Wang H., Fang H., Gao Q., Song M., Zhang J., Zhou Y, & Wang W. (2016). China suboptimal health cohort study: rationale, design and baseline characteristics. Journal of Translational Medicine, 14, 291.
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Publication 2016
Acids Androgens Bilirubin Biological Markers BLOOD Blood Cell Count Blood Cells Blood Glucose Blood Platelets Chinese Cholesterol Clinical Laboratory Services Coagulation, Blood C Reactive Protein Creatinine Edetic Acid Enzymes Ergocalciferol Estrogens Glucose Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Hemoglobin, Glycosylated Hexokinase High Density Lipoproteins Homocysteine Insulin Liver Function Tests Low-Density Lipoproteins Oil Fields PAF 2-Acylhydrolase Personnel, Hospital Petroleum Plasma Serum Transaminase, Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminases Transglutaminases Triglycerides Urinalysis Vacuum Vaginal Diaphragm Veins Very Low Density Lipoprotein
2
Health Screening and Classification for Exercise
Cited 5 times
All participants underwent extensive health screening by medical doctors. First, blood & urine samples were collected after overnight fasting for determination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mean red blood cell corpuscular volume, leukocyte count (with differentiation), and concentration of haemoglobin, urea, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, Aspartate Aminotransferase (ASAT), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALAT), protein and electrophoresis for the blood samples and determination of protein, glucose and sediment for the urine samples (according to the SENIEUR protocol [22 (link)]). Second, by means of self-administered standardized questionnaires, which were completed by interview, information was obtained regarding medical history, actual diseases, medication use, tobacco and alcohol consumption. Next, all participants underwent physical examination and standard 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG). Based upon this information, participants were then classified into health categories by one of us (TM), before performing the 6MWT. All evaluations were performed on the same day.
The classification system was originally developed in order to grade the participants according to the risk for dangerous complications during physical exercise and to allow physical therapists to adapt the scheduled program of the health-conditioning week (consisting in general instructions for a healthy life-style and physical exercise classes). Therefore, cardiovascular abnormalities were considered to present a higher risk than non-cardiovascular conditions.
We distinguished four categories of decreasing health (see table 1). Subjects categorized as A were completely healthy and were considered as presenting no particular risk for any kind of physical exercise. An additional distinction can be made between those using no medication (A1) and those using preventive medication only (A2). This subdivision might be important in specific clinical contexts (e.g. assessment of Vitamin D levels in elderly); in the context of our study the distinction between health categories A1 and A2 is less relevant and therefore these participants will be considered together in all statistical analysis. Category B consisted of participants who were functioning normally, presented no major medical restrictions, but could be in need of special instructions for exercising due to their health status. Category B1 was accorded to participants having a disease that was non-cardiovascular and stable. Category B2 was given to participants using medication having cardiovascular effects. Subjects in category C had cardiovascular pathology or a history thereof; they were considered as having an increased risk of cardiovascular complications during exercise. Those belonging to category D were found to present signs of acute disease or exacerbation of chronic disease. If combinations of health conditions existed, subjects were classified in the worst health category.
Bautmans I., Lambert M, & Mets T. (2004). The six-minute walk test in community dwelling elderly: influence of health status.. BMC Geriatrics, 4, 6.
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Publication 2004
Acute Disease Aged Alkaline Phosphatase Aspartate Transaminase BLOOD Cardiovascular Abnormalities Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System D-Alanine Transaminase Electrocardiography, 12-Lead Electrophoresis Ergocalciferol Glucose Hematuria Hemoglobin Leukocyte Count Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Examination Physical Therapist Physicians Proteins Sedimentation Rates, Erythrocyte Special Education Tobacco Products Urea Urine Volume, Erythrocyte Wellness Programs
3
Semi-Quantitative Dietary Questionnaire
Cited 4 times
A validated Canadian self-administered 78-item semi-quantitative FFQ [8 (link)] was used as the template for the SDQ. Items were extracted from the full FFQ to address the goals of the SDQ (see Table A1 in Appendix). The food list underwent several iterations to address issues related to content, food order, syntax and nomenclature, and participant burden. The six fruit and vegetable questions from the BRFSS were incorporated into the SDQ food list, keeping the exact BRFSS wording to permit comparison with existing Canadian data on fruit and vegetable intakes from other studies having used this module. Two formulations of the frequency component were considered: (1) frequency categories, where the respondent is presented with a series of predetermined options for frequency of intakes which requires that he/she choose the appropriate frequency choice, and (2) precise frequencies, where the respondent provides a specific number indicating the number of times the food item is consumed in one of the provided time periods: per day, per week, per month, or never/rarely. Portion size was not questioned.
Several versions of the instrument were examined internally before arriving at the pre-test versions of the SDQ, one with frequency categories and the other with precise frequencies, in both French and English. The full food list of the SDQ contains 30 food items and six beverage items (see Table A2 in in Appendix), as well as four additional questions on dietary habits relevant to the SDQ objectives. It queries usual consumption frequency in the previous 12 months of food sources of fats, fibre, calcium, vitamin D, regular and low-fat food choices, whole grains, calcium-fortified foods and beverages, and of a series of fruits and vegetables. For consistency with other national Canadian studies, the tool was designed to be interviewer-administered.
Shatenstein B, & Payette H. (2015). Evaluation of the Relative Validity of the Short Diet Questionnaire for Assessing Usual Consumption Frequencies of Selected Nutrients and Foods. Nutrients, 7(8), 6362-6374.
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Publication 2015
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Beverages Calcium, Dietary Ergocalciferol Fat-Restricted Diet Fats Fibrosis Food Food, Fortified Fruit Interviewers Vegetables Whole Grains
4
Cephalomedullary Nailing for Proximal Femoral Fractures
Cited 4 times
This retrospective observational cohort study was conducted on consecutive patients treated via cephalomedullary nailing of proximal femoral fractures at our hospital’s Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology in the period between January 2009 and August 2015. Data pertaining to 1065 trochanteric and subtrochanteric fracture patients were collected and the following patients were excluded: those without complete follow-up three months after surgery; those under the age of 70 years; those who sustained pathological fractures; and those who died within three months of surgery without evidence of cut-out. After the exclusion of patients with poor quality post-operative radiographs precluding accurate radiograph assessment, a total of 571 patients were reviewed in the study (Fig. 1).
These 571 patients were subdivided by age at surgery, gender, laterality, fracture classification according to the AO/OTA system without the application of subgroups (the fractures were grouped into classes 31-A1, 31-A2 and 31-A3), surgical waiting times, type of implant, neck angle for lag-screw entry, medication prior to trauma (vitamin D, bisphosphonates, corticosteroids), and weight-bearing after osteosynthesis. The TAD, CalTAD and lag-screw position according to the Cleveland femoral head dividing system10 were evaluated on post-operative standard anteroposterior radiographs of the hip (with the leg positioned at an internal rotation of 15°) and lateral radiographs (taken with the contralateral hip flexed and abducted). For the purposes of this study, the nine Cleveland zones were reduced to three, specifically a central area, taken as a reference category,17 (link) and two peripherals, denoted “+” (in green) and “x” (in yellow) (Fig. 2). Post-operative radiographs were obtained within 24 hours of surgery, and full weight-bearing was allowed in cases in which good reduction and fixation had been achieved. The post-operative quality of fracture reduction was classified as good, acceptable or poor, according to the three-grade system proposed by Baumgaertner et al.11 A good reduction was taken as normal or slight valgus alignment on the anteroposterior radiograph, < 20º of angulation on the lateral radiograph, and ⩽ 4 mm of displacement. All patients were routinely evaluated for clinical and radiological parameters a minimum of one month and three months after surgery, and data pertaining to these and the last follow-up available were analysed. Cut-out complications were identified through radiological and clinical evaluation, and radiographs and the relevant measures were evaluated with the aid of software Carestream Vue Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS, version 11.4.1.1102) as highlighted in Johnson et al.18 (link) Fracture reduction quality, TAD, CalTAD, and lag-screw position were assessed on immediate post-operative radiographs in anteroposterior (AP) and latero-lateral (LL) views. A single observer – a consultant trauma surgeon (M.B.) – measured the TAD and the CalTAD (Fig. 3), the screw position according to Cleveland et al,10 and the fracture reduction, in order to eliminate inter-observer variability.
The study was approved by the local University Hospital Human Subject Research Ethics Committee, and data collection and analysis were performed in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Caruso G., Bonomo M., Valpiani G., Salvatori G., Gildone A., Lorusso V, & Massari L. (2017). A six-year retrospective analysis of cut-out risk predictors in cephalomedullary nailing for pertrochanteric fractures: Can the tip-apex distance (TAD) still be considered the best parameter?. Bone & Joint Research, 6(8), 481-488.
Publication 2017
5
Zebrafish Cyp27c1-Catalyzed Retinoid Oxidation
Cited 4 times

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Publication 2015
Adrenodoxin Amber Bath Bos taurus ethyl acetate Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase formic acid Gold High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Hydroxytoluene, Butylated NADP Nitrogen potassium phosphate prisma Retinoids Solvents Zebrafish

Most recents protocols related to «Vitamin A2»

1
Antioxidant Capacity Evaluation of Brevinin-1BW
ABTS+ scavenging capacity: A 7 mM ABTS (Med Chem Express, NJ, USA) solution and 140 mM potassium persulfate (Aladdin, Shanghai, China) solution were prepared. A 5 mL volume of ABTS was taken and mixed with 88 μL of potassium persulfate before being placed in the dark at room temperature for 14 h to form the ABTS radical stock solution. The ABTS radical stock solution was then diluted with 95% ethanol by volume to reach an OD734 nm = 0.7. Then, 10 μL of Brevinin-1BW solution was mixed with 50 μL of ABTS radical stock solution, and the resulting absorbance was measured at 734 nm for 6 min at room temperature, which was recorded as A1. The absorbance of 95% ethanol was measured as A2. The same concentration of vitamin C was used as the positive control. The clearance was calculated according to the following equation: ABTS+ Clearance Rate%=(A2−A1)A2×100
DPPH+ scavenging capacity: A 30 mL volume of DPPH+ (Rhawn, Shanghai, China) solution was prepared with anhydrous ethanol and adjusted to reach an OD517 nm = 0.7. Then, DPPH+ alcohol solution and water were added in a volume ratio of 1:1 as the blank control, while Brevinin-1BW solution and anhydrous ethanol served as the negative control; their absorbances were recorded at 517 nm as A0 and A1, respectively. The Brevinin-1BW and DPPH solutions were mixed in equal volumes as the experimental group, incubated at 37 °C in the dark for 30 min, and then measured for the absorbance as A2. Vitamin C was used as the positive control. Its clearance rate was calculated according to the following formula: DPPH+ Clearance Rate%=1−A2−A1A0×100
Chen Z., Wang L., He D., Liu Q., Han Q., Zhang J., Zhang A.M, & Song Y. (2024). Exploration of the Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Novel Antimicrobial Peptide Brevinin-1BW. Molecules, 29(7), 1534.
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Publication 2024
2
Vitamin D3 Bioconversion Assay
This was carried out by pooling the fractions with main vitamin D3 bioconversion activities into one fraction (100 mL) which was then divided into four aliquots (each of about 25 mL). Protein contents of these aliquots were recovered, by ammonium sulfate precipitation, and treated for testing their vitamin D3 bioconversion activities, as previously described, except that:
(і) One aliquot coded A, was subjected to no ammonium sulfate addition.
(іі) The three remaining aliquots, coded A2%, A5%, and A10%, were subjected to ammonium sulfate additions at 2, 5, and 10% w/v concentrations, respectively.
The results obtained were recorded and compared.
Abbas A.M., Elkhatib W.F., Aboulwafa M.M., Hassouna N.A, & Aboshanab K.M. (2024). Characterization of vitamin D3 biotransformation by the cell lysate of Actinomyces hyovaginalis CCASU-A11-2. AMB Express, 14, 43.
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Publication 2024
3
Interference Assessment for HbA1c Measurement
The potential error caused by the interfering substance is compared to the allowable error as stated in the CLSI EP7-A2 guideline. Interference was determined by measuring HbA1c in samples containing increasing proportions of lipemia (up to 500 mg/dL), bilirubin (up to 15 mg/dL), and vitamin C (up to 3 mg/dL).
Li M., Wu X., Xie W., Zeng Y., Wang H., Chen H., Xu A., Liu H, & Ji L. (2024). Analytical performance evaluation of the Mindray enzymatic assay for hemoglobin A1c measurement. Scientific Reports, 14, 12289.
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Publication 2024
4
ABTS Free Radical Scavenging Assay

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Publication 2024
5
Allethrin Exposure and Vitamin C/Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa Protection
These investigations were conducted using a Randomized Complete Design (RCD). This form of study is referred to as an experimental study. One month was spent exposing rats to an electric mosquito repellent containing allethrin. In this investigation, six treatment groups were investigated. A-are negative control, A+ are rat exposed to allethrin, A1 are rat administered 0.2 mg/kg BW of vitamin C and then exposed to allethrin, A2 are rat administered 100 mg/kg BW of R. tomentosa and then exposed to allethrin, and A3 are rat administered 200 mg/kg BW of vitamin C and then exposed to allethrin. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa was then exposed to allethrin, and A4 were rat that was administered 300 mg/kg BW of R. tomentosa that was then exposed to allethrin. Within 30 days, administration of Rhodomyrtus tomentosus and exposure to an allethrin-containing mosquito repellent for 3 hours. After 30 days, a ketamine injection was administered for surgery, and the lungs and blood were removed for immunohistochemical and ELISA analysis, respectively.
Situmorang P.C., Ilyas S., Syahputra R.A., Nugraha A.P., Putri M.S, & Rumahorbo C.G. (2024). Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. (haramonting) protects against allethrin-exposed pulmo damage in rats: mechanistic interleukins. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 15, 1343936.
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Publication 2024

Top products related to «Vitamin A2»

1
Sc 209587 by Santa Cruz Biotechnology
Sc-209587 is a laboratory instrument designed for the detection and analysis of specific biological molecules. It utilizes advanced optical and electronic technologies to provide reliable and accurate measurements. The core function of this product is to enable researchers and scientists to conduct investigations and experiments within their respective fields of study.
2
Spectramax gemini xs by Molecular Devices
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom
The SpectraMax Gemini XS is a multi-mode microplate reader designed for a variety of assays. It is capable of fluorescence, luminescence, and absorbance measurements. The instrument features a high-performance monochromator-based optical system and supports various microplate formats.
3
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[1-14C]lauric acid is a radiolabeled fatty acid compound where the carbon-14 isotope is positioned at the first carbon position. This product is commonly used as a research tool in various scientific experiments and analyses.
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Enhanced chemiluminescence kit by Bio-Rad
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The Enhanced chemiluminescence kit is a laboratory reagent used for the detection and quantification of proteins in Western blot analysis. It provides a sensitive and reliable method for visualizing target proteins labeled with enzyme-conjugated antibodies.
6
Vitamin k by Merck Group
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Vitamin K is a lab equipment product that plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood clotting. It is a fat-soluble vitamin that serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in the production of clotting factors, enabling the formation of fibrin clots. The product is used in various laboratory settings to study and measure the blood's coagulation properties.
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1 14c oleic acid by PerkinElmer
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Bovine serum albumin (bsa) by Merck Group
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Rutin is a plant-derived chemical compound that functions as an antioxidant. It is extracted and purified for use as a laboratory reagent in various research applications.
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More about "Vitamin A2"

Vitamin A2, also known as 3,4-didehydroretinol, is a crucial form of vitamin A that plays a vital role in visual function, cell growth, and immune system regulation.
This fat-soluble nutrient can be found in certain fish, animal liver, and dairy products.
Understanding the potential health benefits and developing effective therapies for Vitamin A2 is an essential area of research.
PubCompare.ai, the leading AI-driven platform, can help optimize your Vitamin A2 research by locating relevant protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents.
By using powerful AI-driven comparisons, PubCompare.ai can help you identify the best protocols and products for your Vitamin A2 study.
This can streamline your research and improve your outcomes, thanks to PubCompare.ai's advanced analytical capabilities.
Synonyms and related terms for Vitamin A2 include retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid.
Abbreviations commonly used include VA2 and 3,4-didehydroretinol.
Key subtopics in Vitamin A2 research include visual function, cell growth, immune system regulation, and the identification of potential health benefits.
To enhance your Vitamin A2 research, you may also want to consider using related tools and products such as Sc-209587 (a Vitamin A2 standard), SpectraMax Gemini XS (a microplate reader), Via1-Cassette (a cell culture system), [1-14C]lauric acid (a radiolabeled fatty acid), Enhanced chemiluminescence kit (for protein detection), Vitamin K (a related fat-soluble nutrient), [1-14C]-oleic acid (another radiolabeled fatty acid), Bovine serum albumin (a common laboratory reagent), and Rutin (a flavonoid compound).
The Cobas e411 analyzer could also be useful for Vitamin A2 quantification and analysis.