Subjects (both cases and controls) were recruited as part of a large prospective observational study and completed balance testing from August 2017 through July 2018. Controls were recruited from a private suburban high school. At the time of testing, controls were beginning participation in their respective soccer, basketball, and lacrosse seasons. Cases were recruited as a convenience sample from the same private suburban high school, as well as from the concussion program of a tertiary care academic pediatric center, a referral program that evaluates patients with acute injury. Cases received a diagnosis of concussion in accordance with the 5th Consensus Statement on Concussion in Sport (19 (link)); none of the assessments utilized in this study were used to diagnose a subject with a concussion. All cases presented with a sport- or recreation-related injury, with assessments completed within 28 days of injury. Exclusion criteria for both cases and controls included an injury of the lower extremities (defined as an injury with use of an active support device, such as a brace, walking boot, splint, cast, or crutches; or an injury visibly affecting gait), being within one month of clearance from a previous concussion. Any subject who sustained a concussion during the study period was included in the case cohort only. Informed consent from a parent or guardian and child assent was obtained for those under 18 years of age prior to enrollment, and informed consent from the study subject was obtained directly for those 18 years of age or older. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia.
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Crutches
Crutches
Crutches are assistive devices used to provide additional support and stability for individuals with mobility impairments, injuries, or disabilities.
These devices are typically made of lightweight materials, such as aluminum or composite, and feature adjustable height and hand grip options to accommodate a variety of user needs.
Crutches can help transfer weight from the lower extremities to the upper body, enabling users to ambulate more safely and effectively.
They are commonly prescribed by healthcare professionals, such as physical therapists, to aid in rehabilitation and promote independence in daily activities.
The use of crutches requires proper training and technique to prevent further injury or discomfort.
Proper fit and adjustment of crutches is essiential for optimal function and comfort.
These devices are typically made of lightweight materials, such as aluminum or composite, and feature adjustable height and hand grip options to accommodate a variety of user needs.
Crutches can help transfer weight from the lower extremities to the upper body, enabling users to ambulate more safely and effectively.
They are commonly prescribed by healthcare professionals, such as physical therapists, to aid in rehabilitation and promote independence in daily activities.
The use of crutches requires proper training and technique to prevent further injury or discomfort.
Proper fit and adjustment of crutches is essiential for optimal function and comfort.
Most cited protocols related to «Crutches»
Braces
Brain Concussion
CD3EAP protein, human
Child
Crutches
Diagnosis
Ethics Committees, Research
Injuries
Legal Guardians
Leg Injuries
Medical Devices
Patients
Splints
From April 2009 to April 2012, patients diagnosed with a rupture of the Achilles tendon were offered surgical treatment. Diagnosis was made according to the presence of a palpable gap within the tendon, the loss of the normal resting tone of the ankle, and lack of tendon continuity on performing a calf squeeze test.16 (link) Seventy-six patients requested surgical intervention following counseling regarding management options. Surgical repair was performed using an established percutaneous technique.3 (link)After the index procedure, patients followed a standardized postoperative protocol. Patients were given analgesics, but the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was discouraged. Full weightbearing in a functional split synthetic cast in equinus was permitted, with the use of elbow crutches, immediately following surgery. At 2 weeks, the wounds were inspected, sutures were removed, and open kinetic chain mobilization exercises consisting of inversion, eversion, and plantar flexion were commenced by the patient to encourage early movement, improve proprioception, and reduce the formation of adhesions. Dorsiflexion was forbidden. Otherwise, the dorsal shell was left in position during weightbearing secured by either elasticated Velcro straps (Velcro USA Inc, Manchester, New Hampshire) or Tubigrip (Mölnlycke Healthcare, Gothenburg, Sweden) until 6 weeks following surgery (Cretnik A. “Functional Bracing Versus Rigid Immobilization After Percutaneous Achilles Tendon Repair Under Local Anaesthesia.” Presented at the 14th ESSKA Congress, 2010). At that stage, a progressive range of movement, proprioceptive, and strengthening exercise program was commenced. Several modifications to both the surgical technique and perioperative management were made.
Analgesics
Ankle
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
CD3EAP protein, human
Crutches
Diagnosis
Elbow
Immobilization
Inversion, Chromosome
Kinetics
Local Anesthesia
Movement
Muscle Rigidity
Operative Surgical Procedures
Patients
Proprioception
Sutures
Tendon, Achilles
Tendons
Tissue Adhesions
Wounds
The intervention group received early functional mobilization (EFM), which was initiated directly postoperatively in the ward. An orthosis (VACO®ped, OPED Gmbh, Germany) with adjustable range of motion in the ankle joint was used. During the first 2 weeks postoperatively, 15°–30° of plantar flexion was allowed. At 2 weeks postoperatively, the range of motion was increased to 5°–30° of plantar flexion for the remaining 4 weeks. Full weightbearing with crutches and plantar flexion exercises was encouraged directly after application of the orthosis.
The control group received treatment-as-usual in a non-weightbearing below-knee plaster cast with the ankle in approximately 30° of plantar flexion applied in the outpatient clinic by an orthopedic cast technician, shortly after the completion of surgery. At 2 weeks postoperatively, the cast was replaced by an orthosis (Aircast® AirSelect™ Elite, DJO, Vista, CA, USA) with three heel wedges for the remaining 4 weeks of immobilization. Every consecutive week, a heel wedge was removed. Full weightbearing with crutches was allowed after application of the orthosis.
The remaining 4 weeks, when both groups were using different orthosis treatments, the patients were instructed to remove the orthosis when seated and to perform several repetitions of active plantar flexion movement (without resistance) from neutral to maximum plantar flexion several times per day. They were allowed to exercise on a stationary bike when wearing the orthosis.
The control group received treatment-as-usual in a non-weightbearing below-knee plaster cast with the ankle in approximately 30° of plantar flexion applied in the outpatient clinic by an orthopedic cast technician, shortly after the completion of surgery. At 2 weeks postoperatively, the cast was replaced by an orthosis (Aircast® AirSelect™ Elite, DJO, Vista, CA, USA) with three heel wedges for the remaining 4 weeks of immobilization. Every consecutive week, a heel wedge was removed. Full weightbearing with crutches was allowed after application of the orthosis.
The remaining 4 weeks, when both groups were using different orthosis treatments, the patients were instructed to remove the orthosis when seated and to perform several repetitions of active plantar flexion movement (without resistance) from neutral to maximum plantar flexion several times per day. They were allowed to exercise on a stationary bike when wearing the orthosis.
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Braces
CD3EAP protein, human
Crutches
Early Mobilization
Heel
Immobilization
Joints, Ankle
Knee
Movement
Operative Surgical Procedures
Patients
Plaster Casts
The organizers contacted 96 patients monitored by the Hip Group of Santa Casa de
Misericórdia de São Paulo. Forty-five patients of both sexes, residing in
Greater São Paulo, and submitted to uni- or bilateral Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA),
were included in the study. The patients submitted to bilateral THA had only the side with
longer follow-up time evaluated. Patients with less than 6 months of THA postoperative (PO)
time were excluded. Of the 96 patients, 46 were not willing to take part in the study, and
five had less than six months of PO time.
All the patients received explanations regarding the goals and procedures of this survey
and in agreeing to take part in the study signed a consent form. The project of this study
was approved by the Institutional Review Board under no. 495/07.
The patients were evaluated by the Modified Merle d'Aubigné and Postel
Method9 (link) (Appendix 1 ), which evaluates pain, gait and mobility, on a scale of 1
to 6 for each item, where 1 indicates the worst and 6, the best state of the patient. The
total minimum score reached is 3, and the maximum is 18. In this modified method, the
patients are categorized by the alphabetical prefixes: Prefix A: patient with one hip
involved; B: patient with two hips involved; C: patient with systemic disease that
interferes in normal gait (polyarthritis in rheumatoid arthritis, senility, hemiplegia,
cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction), which are classified according to the clinical
and radiographic diagnosis.
The study used parameters to standardize the gait options. Option 6: indicated patient with
normal gait; 5: limping gait without use of crutches; 4: patient who walks long distances
with cane (parameterized as the individual who walks in the park without difficulties); 3:
limited with cane, tolerates prolonged orthostatism (patient goes to the supermarket,
manages to accomplish activities of daily living (ADL); 2: limited in time and distance,
with or without cane (patient who goes for a quick walk and returns, covering no more than
two blocks); 1: few meters or bedridden, uses cane or crutches (goes to the bathroom and
returns, ambulatory in the home).
Passive movements of the hip were made and measured using the universal goniometer to
evaluate mobility or range of motion (ROM). The supine position was chosen for the
measurement using Lea and Gerhardt as a reference.18 (link) Hip flexion and extension were tested with the hip at 0º
of abduction, adduction and rotation. In flexion the pelvis was stabilized to prevent
rotation and posterior tilt. Extension was measured with lower limbs in the Thomas test
position, measuring the angle between the femur and the stretcher of the extended limb.
Abduction and adduction were tested with the hip at 0º of flexion, extension and
rotation. To measure the adduction, the contralateral hip was flexed to allow the evaluation
throughout the ROM. For internal and external rotation the hip was positioned at 0º
of abduction, adduction with the knee and hip flexed at 90º.
With the purpose of establishing parameters for the evaluation criteria, the three
physiotherapist researchers received training in the instrument, carried out according to
the evaluation of the Hip Group of Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São
Paulo.
The evaluation occurred on the same day, and the patient evaluation order was determined at
random. The researchers did not communicate during the evaluation periods. Each patient was
evaluated by the three researchers, with an interval of 30 minutes between each evaluator.
Cronbach's Alpha Statistic Test was applied for the statistical analysis through version
13.0 of the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) program. A significance level of
p≤0.05 and high reliability with α between 0.7 and 1.0 were considered.
Misericórdia de São Paulo. Forty-five patients of both sexes, residing in
Greater São Paulo, and submitted to uni- or bilateral Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA),
were included in the study. The patients submitted to bilateral THA had only the side with
longer follow-up time evaluated. Patients with less than 6 months of THA postoperative (PO)
time were excluded. Of the 96 patients, 46 were not willing to take part in the study, and
five had less than six months of PO time.
All the patients received explanations regarding the goals and procedures of this survey
and in agreeing to take part in the study signed a consent form. The project of this study
was approved by the Institutional Review Board under no. 495/07.
The patients were evaluated by the Modified Merle d'Aubigné and Postel
Method9 (link) (
to 6 for each item, where 1 indicates the worst and 6, the best state of the patient. The
total minimum score reached is 3, and the maximum is 18. In this modified method, the
patients are categorized by the alphabetical prefixes: Prefix A: patient with one hip
involved; B: patient with two hips involved; C: patient with systemic disease that
interferes in normal gait (polyarthritis in rheumatoid arthritis, senility, hemiplegia,
cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction), which are classified according to the clinical
and radiographic diagnosis.
The study used parameters to standardize the gait options. Option 6: indicated patient with
normal gait; 5: limping gait without use of crutches; 4: patient who walks long distances
with cane (parameterized as the individual who walks in the park without difficulties); 3:
limited with cane, tolerates prolonged orthostatism (patient goes to the supermarket,
manages to accomplish activities of daily living (ADL); 2: limited in time and distance,
with or without cane (patient who goes for a quick walk and returns, covering no more than
two blocks); 1: few meters or bedridden, uses cane or crutches (goes to the bathroom and
returns, ambulatory in the home).
Passive movements of the hip were made and measured using the universal goniometer to
evaluate mobility or range of motion (ROM). The supine position was chosen for the
measurement using Lea and Gerhardt as a reference.18 (link) Hip flexion and extension were tested with the hip at 0º
of abduction, adduction and rotation. In flexion the pelvis was stabilized to prevent
rotation and posterior tilt. Extension was measured with lower limbs in the Thomas test
position, measuring the angle between the femur and the stretcher of the extended limb.
Abduction and adduction were tested with the hip at 0º of flexion, extension and
rotation. To measure the adduction, the contralateral hip was flexed to allow the evaluation
throughout the ROM. For internal and external rotation the hip was positioned at 0º
of abduction, adduction with the knee and hip flexed at 90º.
With the purpose of establishing parameters for the evaluation criteria, the three
physiotherapist researchers received training in the instrument, carried out according to
the evaluation of the Hip Group of Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São
Paulo.
The evaluation occurred on the same day, and the patient evaluation order was determined at
random. The researchers did not communicate during the evaluation periods. Each patient was
evaluated by the three researchers, with an interval of 30 minutes between each evaluator.
Cronbach's Alpha Statistic Test was applied for the statistical analysis through version
13.0 of the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) program. A significance level of
p≤0.05 and high reliability with α between 0.7 and 1.0 were considered.
Canes
Cardiovascular System
Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy
Crutches
Ethics Committees, Research
Femur
Gender
Hemiplegia
Knee
Lower Extremity
Lung
Pain
Passive Range of Motion
Patient Holding Stretchers
Patients
Pelvis
Polyarthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Total Hip Arthroplasty
X-Rays, Diagnostic
The EQ-5D descriptive system consists of 5 dimensions (items) with 3 levels each, logically defining 243 unique health states (permutations). The HUI2 was originally developed to assess outcomes in survivors of cancer in childhood and contains 6 dimensions (excluding the original HUI2 dimension of fertility) with 4–5 levels per dimension. The HUI3, originally developed for a general population health survey in Canada, has 8 dimensions with 5–6 levels per dimension. The HUI2 and HUI3 descriptive systems define 8,000 and 972,000 unique health states, respectively [6 ]. Table 1 compares the 5 dimensions common to at least two of the classification systems: Mobility/Ambulation; Anxiety/Depression/Emotion; Pain/Discomfort (EQ-5D; HUI2; HUI3); Self-Care (EQ-5D; HUI2); and Cognition (HUI2; HUI3).
Level descriptions for common dimensions between EQ-5D, HUI2 and HUI3
| EQ-5D | HUI2 | HUI3 |
|---|---|---|
| Mobility | Mobility | Ambulation |
| No problems in walking about | Able to walk, bend, lift, jump, and run normally for age | Able to walk around the neighbourhood without difficulty, and without walking equipment |
| Some problems in walking about | Walks, bends, lifts, jumps, or runs with some limitations but does not require help | Able to walk around the neighbourhood with difficulty; but does not require walking equipment or the help of another person |
| Confined to bed | Requires mechanical equipment (such as canes, crutches, braces, or wheelchair) to walk or get around independently | Able to walk around the neighbourhood with walking equipment, but without the help of another person |
| Requires the help of another person to walk or get around and requires mechanical equipment as well | Able to walk only short distances with walking equipment, and requires a wheelchair to get around the neighbourhood | |
| Unable to control or use arms and legs | Unable to walk alone, even with walking equipment. Able to walk short distances with the help of another person, and requires a wheelchair to get around the neighbourhood | |
| Cannot walk at all | ||
| Self-care | Self-care | |
| No problems with self-care | Eats, bathes, dresses, and uses the toilet normally for age | |
| Some problems washing or dressing self | Eats, bathes, dresses, or uses the toilet independently with difficulty | |
| Unable to wash or dress self | Requires mechanical equipment to eat, bathe, dress, or use the toilet independently | |
| Requires the help of another person to eat, bathe, dress, or use the toilet | ||
| Pain/Discomfort | Pain | Pain |
| No pain or discomfort | Free of pain and discomfort | Free of pain and discomfort |
| Moderate pain or discomfort | Occasional pain. Discomfort relieved by non-prescription drugs or self-control activity without disruption of normal activities | Mild to moderate pain that prevents no activities |
| Extreme pain or discomfort | Frequent pain. Discomfort relieved by oral medicines with occasional disruption of normal activities | Moderate pain that prevents a few activities |
| Frequent pain; frequent disruption of normalactivities. Discomfort requires prescription narcotics for relief | Moderate to severe pain that prevents some activities | |
| Severe pain. Pain not relieved by drugs and constantly disrupts normal activities | Severe pain that prevents most activities | |
| Anxiety/Depression | Emotion | Emotion |
| Not anxious or depressed | Generally happy and free from worry | Happy and interested in life |
| Moderately anxious or depressed | Occasionally fretful, angry, irritable, anxious, depressed, or suffering "night terrors" | Somewhat happy |
| Extremely anxious or depressed | Often fretful, angry, irritable, anxious, depressed, or suffering "night terrors" | Somewhat unhappy |
| Almost always fretful, angry, irritable, anxious, depressed | Very unhappy | |
| Extremely fretful, angry, irritable, anxious, or depressed usually requiring hospitalization or psychiatric institutional care | So unhappy that life is not worthwhile | |
| Cognition | Cognition | |
| Learns and remembers school work normally for age | Able to remember most things, think clearly and solve day to day problems | |
| Learns and remembers school work more slowly than classmates as judged by parents and/or teachers | Able to remember most things, but have a little difficulty when trying to think and solve day to day problems | |
| Learns and remembers very slowly and usually requires special educational assistance | Somewhat forgetful, but able to think clearly and solve day to day problems | |
| Unable to learn and remember | Somewhat forgetful, and have a little difficulty when trying to think or solve day to day problems | |
| Very forgetful, and have great difficulty when trying to think or solve day to day problems | ||
| Unable to remember anything at all, and unable to think or solve day to day problems |
Anger
Arm, Upper
Bath
Braces
Cancer Survivors
Canes
Cognition
Commodes
Crutches
Decompression Sickness
Drugs, Non-Prescription
Emotions
Fertility
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
Glycation End Products, Advanced
Hospitalization
Narcotics
Night Terrors
Pain
Parent
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Population Health
Range of Motion, Articular
Sadness
Special Education
Wheelchair
Most recents protocols related to «Crutches»
Arthrotomy for exposure was based on surgeon preference. Fresh osteochondral
tissue was obtained from JRF Ortho, using MRI for size matching. The tissue was
screened for absence of defects, aseptically harvested from donor knees, and
stored at 4°C in a proprietary solution. The corresponding sized allograft to
match the debrided osteochondral area of injury was prepared as described previously.30 (link)
The matched allograft was compared with the DA estimated area of injury.
Large oblong osteochondral defects were treated with the previously described
snowman technique of interposing 2 dowel grafts.26 (link)
No shell graft techniques were employed in patients in this study.
Concomitant knee pathology was also addressed.
Postoperatively, patients were allowed to immediately bear weight as tolerated in
a knee brace with crutch assistance, when concomitant procedures did not limit
weightbearing. Full active and passive knee range of motion was prescribed for
open-chain activity immediately and after brace removal with weightbearing.
tissue was obtained from JRF Ortho, using MRI for size matching. The tissue was
screened for absence of defects, aseptically harvested from donor knees, and
stored at 4°C in a proprietary solution. The corresponding sized allograft to
match the debrided osteochondral area of injury was prepared as described previously.30 (link)
The matched allograft was compared with the DA estimated area of injury.
Large oblong osteochondral defects were treated with the previously described
snowman technique of interposing 2 dowel grafts.26 (link)
No shell graft techniques were employed in patients in this study.
Concomitant knee pathology was also addressed.
Postoperatively, patients were allowed to immediately bear weight as tolerated in
a knee brace with crutch assistance, when concomitant procedures did not limit
weightbearing. Full active and passive knee range of motion was prescribed for
open-chain activity immediately and after brace removal with weightbearing.
Allografts
Bears
Braces
Crutches
Grafts
Injuries
Knee
Patients
Post Technique
Surgeons
Tissue Donors
Tissues
The serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, ALP and iPTH before and one year after PTX were measured to evaluate the control of SHPT. Changes in bone mineral density (BMD) was determined by comparing x-ray images at pre-PTX and the final follow-up.
We attempted to have all patients return to assess the functional outcomes of the knee. Patients who returned fulfilled a Lysholm score and Tegner activity score. The results of QT repair were evaluated with particular attention to the knee ROMs measured using a goniometer (0°corresponding to full extension). The quadriceps muscle strength was reported based on the Kendall scale (12 (link)). In cases where the patient agreed, isokinetic muscle strength (IMS) tests were performed (IsoMed-2000; D&R Ferstl, Hemau, Germany). Also, the ability to walk without crutches and the occurrence of new ruptures after the procedure were recorded.
Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiographs with the knee flexed at 30° were taken. The patella height was measured according to Insall and Salvati index (the ratio of the longest patellar diagonal length to tendon length with the knee in 30° of flexion. A value of ≤0.8 indicated that the patella baja was present.
We attempted to have all patients return to assess the functional outcomes of the knee. Patients who returned fulfilled a Lysholm score and Tegner activity score. The results of QT repair were evaluated with particular attention to the knee ROMs measured using a goniometer (0°corresponding to full extension). The quadriceps muscle strength was reported based on the Kendall scale (12 (link)). In cases where the patient agreed, isokinetic muscle strength (IMS) tests were performed (IsoMed-2000; D&R Ferstl, Hemau, Germany). Also, the ability to walk without crutches and the occurrence of new ruptures after the procedure were recorded.
Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiographs with the knee flexed at 30° were taken. The patella height was measured according to Insall and Salvati index (the ratio of the longest patellar diagonal length to tendon length with the knee in 30° of flexion. A value of ≤0.8 indicated that the patella baja was present.
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Attention
Bone Density
Calcium, Dietary
Crutches
Knee
Muscle Strength
Patella
Patients
Phosphorus
Quadriceps Femoris
Serum
Tendons
X-Rays, Diagnostic
All patients scheduled for a primary unilateral TKA for symptomatic end-stage osteoarthritis (OA, i.e. grade III to IV on the Kellgren–Lawrence classification) at our tertiary care centre between 2019 and 2020 were asked to participate in this preliminary study. Patient exclusion criteria were previous lower-limb arthroplasty, a history of lower-limb or lower-back surgery, neurological or orthopaedic disorders that could affect gait or balance, and the use of crutches or any walking aid. The local ethics committee approved the study (n. CCER 2018–00819). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
All the TKAs were performed by a senior surgeon (HHM), using a standard medial parapatellar approach and a routine measured resection technique, with either a posterior stabilised or a medial-pivot TKA design. CAS was only used to record passive motion. Four patients had their patella resurfaced. All components were fixed using bone cement (polymethylmethacrylate). The location of the patient’s knee OA (the medial tibiofemoral, lateral tibiofemoral and patellofemoral compartments) was assessed before TKA using weight-bearing antero–posterior and lateral X-rays as well as a skyline view of the patella. In addition, lower-limb alignment was quantified using the hip–knee–ankle angle from standing long-leg X-rays. These values were measured by an experienced orthopaedic surgeon (HHM).
All the TKAs were performed by a senior surgeon (HHM), using a standard medial parapatellar approach and a routine measured resection technique, with either a posterior stabilised or a medial-pivot TKA design. CAS was only used to record passive motion. Four patients had their patella resurfaced. All components were fixed using bone cement (polymethylmethacrylate). The location of the patient’s knee OA (the medial tibiofemoral, lateral tibiofemoral and patellofemoral compartments) was assessed before TKA using weight-bearing antero–posterior and lateral X-rays as well as a skyline view of the patella. In addition, lower-limb alignment was quantified using the hip–knee–ankle angle from standing long-leg X-rays. These values were measured by an experienced orthopaedic surgeon (HHM).
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Ankle
Arthroplasty
Bone Cements
Crutches
Knee
Lower Extremity
Musculoskeletal Diseases
Operative Surgical Procedures
Orthopedic Surgeons
Passive Range of Motion
Patella
Patients
Polymethyl Methacrylate
Regional Ethics Committees
Surgeons
X-Rays, Diagnostic
A 63-year-old male patient (height 180cm, weight 95 kg) suffered from a closed fracture of the lower leg with a distal diaphyseal fracture of the tibia, a proximal and a distal fibular fracture (Figure 1A ). Computed tomography (CT) scans of the injured lower leg and the ankle joint were taken upon admission, and immediate Damage Control surgery was conducted on the day of the accident by closed reduction and the application of an ankle-joint-crossing, external fixator overspanning the fracture gap. After consolidation of the soft-tissue injury, the tibial fracture was surgically treated by implantation of an intramedullary nail (9 × 345 mm, Expert, Synthes, Umkirch, Germany). The distal fibular fracture was treated by open reduction and plate osteosynthesis (VariAx 2 Distal fibula system, Stryker, Kalamazoo, USA) including restoration of a syndesmotic injury by using a set screw, whereas the proximal fibular fracture was not treated surgically (Figure 1B ). Postoperatively, the patient was mobilized on forearm crutches with a partial weight-bearing recommendation of 20 kg for the first 6 weeks (Figure 1C ). A postoperative CT scan early after surgery and follow-up radiographs at 6 weeks and approximately 6 months after surgery were taken.
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Accidents
Crutches
Diaphyses
External Fixation Devices
Fibula
Fibula Fracture
Forearm
Fracture, Bone
Fracture Fixation, Internal
Fractures, Closed
Intramedullary Nailing
Joints, Ankle
Leg
Males
Open Fracture Reductions
Operative Surgical Procedures
Ovum Implantation
Patients
Radionuclide Imaging
Soft Tissue Injuries
Syndesmotic Injuries
Tibial Fractures
X-Ray Computed Tomography
X-Rays, Diagnostic
We encouraged the patients to initiate rehabilitation (e.g., toe- and leg-lifting exercises) that did not substantially aggravate their pain as soon as possible. Two weeks postoperation, all the patients underwent short leg cast immobilization and began knee joint exercises. Four weeks postoperation, ankle exercises started to increase proprioception, plantar flexion, inversion and eversion. Six weeks postoperation, patients were instructed to begin partial weight-bearing exercise. Using a heel pad with a thickness between 3 and 3.5 cm, they practiced walking on crutches. Twelve weeks postoperation, the heel pad was replaced with one of 2 cm in thickness, and the patients began taking full weight-bearing walks without crutches. Sixteen weeks postoperation, the heel pad was removed, enabling the patients to practice walking normally, with gradual improvement. Twenty weeks postoperation, they could begin low-impact exercise. Twenty-eight weeks postoperation, according to their recovery situation, the surgeon determined when they could begin recreational sports.
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Ankle
CD3EAP protein, human
Crutches
Heel
Immobilization
Inversion, Chromosome
Knee Joint
Pain
Patients
Proprioception
Rehabilitation
Surgeons
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More about "Crutches"
Assistive Devices, Mobility Aids, Walking Aids, Ambulatory Devices, Orthopedic Supports, Rehabilitation Tools, Mobility Assistants, Ambulation Aids, Gait Aids, Mobility Enhancers, Mobility Assistive Equipment, Mobility Devices, Mobility Assistance, Ambulation Supports, Ambulation Aids, Mobility Enhancements, Ambulation Devices, Mobility Facilitators, Mobility Supportive Equipment, Mobility Accessories, Mobility Assist Instruments, Ambulation Enhancers, Ambulation Assistive Devices, Ambulation Assistants, Mobility Assistive Gear, Ambulation Supportive Equipment, Mobility Empowering Instruments, Ambulation Enabling Devices, Mobility Promoting Accessories, Ambulation Facilitating Equipment, Mobility Augmenting Tools, Ambulation Boosting Gear, Mobility Enhancing Implements, Ambulation Strengthening Devices, Mobility Assisting Utilities, Ambulation Supportive Instruments.
Crutches are a type of assistive device commonly used by individuals with mobility impairments, injuries, or disabilities.
These lightweight, adjustable supports are typically made of aluminum or composite materials and feature customizable height and grip options to accommodate a variety of user needs.
Crutches help transfer weight from the lower body to the upper extremities, enabling users to ambulate more safely and effectively during rehabilitation or daily activities.
Healthcare professionals, such as physical therapists, often prescribe crutches to aid in the recovery process and promote independence.
Proper training and technique in using crutches is essential to prevent further injury or discomfort.
Factors like fit, adjustment, and user technique all contribute to the optimal function and comfort of crutches.
Beyond traditional crutches, there are other mobility aids and assistive technologies that can support individuals with limited mobility.
These include SPSS statistical software for data analysis, Actigraph GT9X accelerometers for activity tracking, GAITRite digital mats for gait assessment, TomoFix medial high tibial plates and screws for orthopedic procedures, Buffered peptone water for microbiological testing, Rivaroxaban for anticoagulation, Polarstem and Accolade II prosthetic components, Trilogy Fiber-mesh shells for joint replacements, and Triathlon knee systems for mobility enhancement.
The integration of these advanced tools and technologies can provide a comprehensive approach to supporting individuals with mobility challenges.
Crutches are a type of assistive device commonly used by individuals with mobility impairments, injuries, or disabilities.
These lightweight, adjustable supports are typically made of aluminum or composite materials and feature customizable height and grip options to accommodate a variety of user needs.
Crutches help transfer weight from the lower body to the upper extremities, enabling users to ambulate more safely and effectively during rehabilitation or daily activities.
Healthcare professionals, such as physical therapists, often prescribe crutches to aid in the recovery process and promote independence.
Proper training and technique in using crutches is essential to prevent further injury or discomfort.
Factors like fit, adjustment, and user technique all contribute to the optimal function and comfort of crutches.
Beyond traditional crutches, there are other mobility aids and assistive technologies that can support individuals with limited mobility.
These include SPSS statistical software for data analysis, Actigraph GT9X accelerometers for activity tracking, GAITRite digital mats for gait assessment, TomoFix medial high tibial plates and screws for orthopedic procedures, Buffered peptone water for microbiological testing, Rivaroxaban for anticoagulation, Polarstem and Accolade II prosthetic components, Trilogy Fiber-mesh shells for joint replacements, and Triathlon knee systems for mobility enhancement.
The integration of these advanced tools and technologies can provide a comprehensive approach to supporting individuals with mobility challenges.