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Microphysiological Systems

Microphysiological Systems are advanced in vitro models that recapitulate the key structural and functional features of human tissues and organs.
These innovative platforms combine microfluidics, tissue engineering, and stem cell technologies to create physiologically relevant microenvironments.
By mimicking the complexities of the human body, Microphysiological Systems enable more accurate modeling of disease processes, drug responses, and toxicology.
Researchers can leverage these powerful tools to accelerate biomedical breakthroughs, reduce reliance on animal testing, and personalize therapeutic development.
With their unparalleled potential to transform preclinical research, Microphysiological Systems represent the future of biomedical discovery.

Most cited protocols related to «Microphysiological Systems»

1
Viral Tools for Neuronal Manipulation

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Publication 2011
5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-galactoside Adult Biolistics Brain Cells Cortex, Cerebral HeLa Cells LacZ Genes Ligands Light Microphysiological Systems Microscopy Mus Neurons Peptides Perfusion Plasmids prolyl-tyrosyl-glycinamide Rabies virus Rattus Transfection Virus
2
Keratinocyte Isolation, Transduction, and Differentiation
Epidermal keratinocytes were isolated from human foreskin as previously described (Halbert et al., 1992 (link)). The cells were propagated in medium 154 supplemented with human keratinocyte growth supplement, 1,000× gentamycin/amphotericin B solution (Invitrogen), and 0.07 or 0.2 mM CaCl2.
Keratinocytes were transduced with retroviral supernatants produced from Phoenix cells (provided by G. Nolan, Stanford University, Stanford, CA) as previously described (Getsios et al., 2004 (link)). For differentiation of submerged cultures, cells were grown to confluence and switched to E-medium containing 1.8 mM Ca2+ for 1–6 d (Meyers and Laimins, 1994 (link)). For raft cultures, transduced cells were expanded and grown at an air–medium interface according to published protocols (Meyers and Laimins, 1994 (link)). Organotypic cultures were grown for 3–10 d, at which time they were lysed for RNA/protein analysis, embedded in optimal cutting temperature compound for frozen sections, fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin, and embedded in paraffin for histology or fixed in 2% paraformaldehyde/2% glutaraldehyde in cacodylate buffer for EM analysis. For some experiments, cultures were treated with 2–5 µg/ml ETA, DMSO (Thermo Fisher Scientific), 10 µM PKI166 (Novartis), 5 µM U0126 (Cell Signaling Technology), or 10 µM SB203580 (EMD).
Getsios S., Simpson C.L., Kojima S.I., Harmon R., Sheu L.J., Dusek R.L., Cornwell M, & Green K.J. (2009). Desmoglein 1–dependent suppression of EGFR signaling promotes epidermal differentiation and morphogenesis. The Journal of Cell Biology, 185(7), 1243-1258.
Publication 2009
Amphotericin Amphotericin B Buffers Cacodylate Cells Dietary Supplements Epidermis Foreskin Formalin Frozen Sections Gentamicin gentamicin B Glutaral Homo sapiens Keratinocyte Microphysiological Systems Paraffin Embedding paraform PKI 166 Proteins Retroviridae SB 203580 Sulfoxide, Dimethyl U 0126
3
Versatile 3D Culture Techniques for Protein Analysis

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Publication 2015
5-bromouridine Biological Assay Collagen Ligation Microphysiological Systems Proteins Signal Transduction Pathways Stains
4
Neuronal Transfection Protocols

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Publication 2010
Brain Calcium Phosphates Cell Culture Techniques Culture Media EPHB2 protein, human Ephrins HEK293 Cells Lipofectamine Mice, Knockout Microphysiological Systems Mus Neurons Transfection
5
Modulating seizure-induced molecular changes in rat hippocampus
A detailed description of the methods used can be found in the online supplementary materials.
Male Wistar-Han rats (n = 20) were implanted with cannulae and electrodes, and a second set of rats (n = 16) were implanted with cannulae. Experimental protocols conformed to NIH guidelines, and were approved by INSERM and by the IACUC of the University of California-Irvine. Continuous video/EEG monitoring was performed.
To induce status epilepticus (SE), kainic acid (KA) was given by intraperitoneal injection once per hour (5 mg/kg), and pilocarpine hydrochloride (310 mg / kg) was injected 30 minutes after a preliminary scopolamine injection (1mg/kg).
To assess molecular changes and in vitro physiology, rats were infused with ordered or scrambled oligonucleotides (ODNs) on days 1 (10 nmol), and 2 (5nmol) after the SE. Electrophysiological and biochemical studies were performed on the day following the 2nd infusion. For long-term effects of the ODN in vivo, repeated infusions alternated full dose (10 nmol/hemisphere) and half dose the following post-SE days: day 1 (full dose), day 2 (half dose), day 3 (half dose), day 6 (full dose), day 8 (half dose), day 10 (full dose). Recordings were discontinued on day 13 post-SE.
Analysis of seizures, interictal activities and theta rhythm were performed as described previously 25 (link).
Organotypic hippocampal slice cultures were prepared as described before26 (link),27 (link) using P8 rats. Phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides, were added in the culture medium (1 μM) 3 hours after treatment with kainic acid that provoked seizure-like events28 (link). Cultures were assessed for HCN expression 2-days after KA, and for NRSF at 4h-7d.
Animals used for NRSF, HCN1, HCN2 and Kv4.2 measurements were decapitated and the hippocampi were rapidly dissected. Organotypic slice culture tissues were harvested directly from the membranes. All tissues were processed for Western Blot analyses as described in the supplementary methods.
Chromatin immunoprecipitation was performed, as described in the supplementary methods, to detect the physical binding of transcription factors and histones to DNA.
Hippocampal slices were prepared from the dorsal hippocampus and recordings performed as previously described 10 (link).
SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. We used non parametric Mann-Whitney test for samples lower than 6 in size, and t-test otherwise. Results are expressed as mean ± s.e.m, with p<0.05 considered significant.
McClelland S., Flynn C., Dubé C., Richichi C., Zha Q., Ghestem A., Esclapez M., Bernard C, & Baram T.Z. (2011). Neuron-restrictive silencer factor-mediated cyclic nucleotide gated channelopathy in experimental temporal lobe epilepsy. Annals of neurology, 70(3), 454-465.
Publication 2011
Aftercare Animals Culture Media Histones Immunoprecipitation, Chromatin Injections, Intraperitoneal Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Kainic Acid Longterm Effects Males Microphysiological Systems Oligodeoxyribonucleotides Oligonucleotides Physical Examination physiology Pilocarpine Hydrochloride Rats, Wistar Rattus norvegicus Scopolamine Seahorses Seizures Status Epilepticus Theta Rhythm Tissue, Membrane Tissues Transcription Factor Western Blot

Most recents protocols related to «Microphysiological Systems»

1
Organotypic Culturing and CRISPR Editing of Newborn Primate Brains
The brain cortex of newborn male monkeys at postnatal day 1–3 was carefully dissected on ice, directly transferred into ice-cold artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) (SL6630, Coolaber, Beijing, China) equilibrated with carbogen (95% O2, 5% CO2). The tissues were cut to generate brain slices at 300 μm thickness using a Leica VT1200S vibrating blade microtome (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). The slices were then transferred onto 30 mm Millicell membrane inserts (0.4 μm; Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA) and kept in six-well cell culture plate containing 1.5 mL media (Neurobasal/DMEM 1:1, 5% fetal bovine serum, 5% horse serum, 1% N2, 2% B27, 2 mM lGlutamax, 5 ng/mL GDNF, 100 U/mL Pen-Strep; all from Gibco). The plates were incubated at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 humidified incubator. The medium was replaced with fresh medium three times each week. After 6 h of culture, virus infection was carried out according to experimental needs. The viral vectors used were lentiviral-CHD8 gRNA/CMV-GFP and lentiviral-EFs Cas9. These viral vectors had been packaged by Guangzhou IGE Biotechnology LTD to generate purified viruses. The genomic titer of purified viruses was ~109 vg/mL determined by PCR method.
We generated lentiviral vectors to express CHD8 gRNA or control gRNA that did not target any gene62 (link) (Supplementary Fig. S9a). To examine the effect of knocking down CHD8 on glial proliferation, cultured monkey brain slices were infected with lentiviral viruses (each brain slice infected with 1 µL lentiviral gRNA and lentiviral Cas9). These viruses were diluted in culture medium and then added to the brain cortical slices containing the LV area. After 10–14 days of viral infection, immunofluorescent staining was performed to examine glial cell numbers and morphology. We used four newborn monkeys for organotypic brain slice culture and found 3 of them provided brain slices with effective lentiviral infection.
Li B., Zhao H., Tu Z., Yang W., Han R., Wang L., Luo X., Pan M., Chen X., Zhang J., Xu H., Guo X., Yan S., Yin P., Zhao Z., Liu J., Luo Y., Li Y., Yang Z., Zhang B., Tan Z., Xu H., Jiang T., Jiang Y.H., Li S., Zhang Y.Q, & Li X.J. (2023). CHD8 mutations increase gliogenesis to enlarge brain size in the nonhuman primate. Cell Discovery, 9, 27.
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Publication 2023
Brain carbogen Cell Culture Techniques Cerebrospinal Fluid CHD8 protein, human Cloning Vectors Common Cold Cortex, Cerebral Culture Media Equus caballus Fetal Bovine Serum Fluorescent Antibody Technique Genome Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Infant, Newborn Infection Males Microphysiological Systems Microtomy Monkeys Neuroglia Serum Streptococcal Infections Tissue, Membrane Tissues Virus Virus Diseases
2
Imaging T Cell Infiltration in 3D Tumor Slices

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Publication 2023
5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate Bath Carcinoma Cell Culture Techniques Cells Cultured Cells Forceps Glutamine HEPES Microphysiological Systems Microscopy Neoplasms plasmocin T-Lymphocyte tdTomato Tissues
3
3D Organotypic Culture of Spheroids
MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A spheroids were generated as previously described31 (link). Briefly, spheroids were generated by seeding approximately 1 × 103 (link) cells in each of the 96 wells of an ultra-low attachment plate (Corning, No. 7007) and allowed to form for 48 h in the presence of 2.5% v/v Matrigel. Once formed, individual spheroids surrounded by 5 µl of media were transferred onto coverslips inside PDMS wells (9 mm in diameter) created in 35 mm glass-bottom petri dishes (one spheroid per dish). Each spheroid was covered by 195 µl of ice-cold, rat-tail collagen I solution to achieve a total volume of 200 µl and a specific collagen concentration in each well. Collagen solutions were prepared by mixing acid-solubilized collagen I (Corning, No. 354249) with equal volumes of a neutralizing solution (100 mM HEPES buffer in 2 × PBS). The desired collagen concentration was reached by adding adequate volumes of 1 × PBS. Collagen solutions at different concentrations (1 and 4 mg/ml) polymerized for 1 h at 37 °C. The cell culture plates were rotated every minute for the first 10 min of polymerization to guarantee full embedding of the spheroid within the 3D collagen matrix. Finally, 2 ml of culture media (phenol-free, 50:50 v/v of MDA-MB-231 media to MCF-10A media) was added and the 3D organotypic culture was placed inside the incubator until taken out for FLIM measurements.
Karrobi K., Tank A., Fuzail M.A., Kalidoss M., Tilbury K., Zaman M., Ferruzzi J, & Roblyer D. (2023). Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM) reveals spatial-metabolic changes in 3D breast cancer spheroids. Scientific Reports, 13, 3624.
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Publication 2023
Acids Buffers Cell-Matrix Junction Cell Culture Techniques Cold Temperature Collagen Collagen Type I Culture Media HEPES Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal matrigel Microphysiological Systems Phenol Polymerization Tail
4
Bioelectronic Tongue for Taste Profiling
The bioelectronic tongue system was composed of a taste organoids‐on‐a‐chip, a MEA2100‐System (Multichannelsystems), a cell culture incubator, and a computer. The taste organoids‐on‐a‐chip was made by coupling taste organoids with a MEA chip. The MEA chips were fabricated and microelectrodes of the chips were electroplated with platinum black according to previous work.[18] For fabrication of taste organoids‐on‐a‐chip, taste organoids were harvested on day 14 and put onto microelectrodes of the MEA chip overnight in the medium. After that, the medium was withdrawn and a volume of 3 µL Matrigel was then gently pipetted from the top to where the organoids were located, followed by a 20‐min curing process in the incubator at 37  °C. For the construction of the bioelectronic tongue system, 1 mL medium was added to the taste organoids‐on‐a‐chip and the chip was put on the MEA2100‐System which was connected to the computer. The cell culture incubator was used to maintain an essential environment (37°C, 5% CO2) for taste organoids‐on‐a‐chip maintenance. For recognition of the tastants, the medium in the chip was replaced by the medium containing the taste stimulus and the extracellular changes were recorded for 3 min. After that, the medium was moved out and the chip was washed 3 times with 1 × PBS. Then, the chip was refilled with 1 mL culture medium and placed in the incubator for at least 20 min to recover the gustatory sensitivity.
Wu J., Chen C., Qin C., Li Y., Jiang N., Yuan Q., Duan Y., Liu M., Wei X., Yu Y., Zhuang L, & Wang P. (2023). Mimicking the Biological Sense of Taste In Vitro Using a Taste Organoids‐on‐a‐Chip System. Advanced Science, 10(7), 2206101.
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Publication 2023
Cell Culture Techniques Culture Media DNA Chips Hypersensitivity matrigel Microelectrodes Microphysiological Systems Organoids Platinum Tongue
5
Organ-on-Chip Fabrication with Silicone and 3D Printing
The presented organ-on-chip model was produced from silicone elastomer Sylgard 184, with the channel covered by glass. Silicone tubes are fitted to the chip body through stainless steel tubes.
The master mold for casting the chip body was created by photopolymer 3D printing using water washable resin Elegoo (Elegoo Inc., Shenzhen, China). When casting silicone elastomer, a separating layer was used to prevent the inhibition of the elastomer polymerization.
German S.V., Abalymov A.A., Kurochkin M.A., Kan Y., Gorin D.A, & Novoselova M.V. (2023). Plug-and-Play Lymph Node-on-Chip: Secondary Tumor Modeling by the Combination of Cell Spheroid, Collagen Sponge and T-Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(4), 3183.
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Publication 2023
DNA Chips Elastomers Fungus, Filamentous Human Body Microphysiological Systems Polymerization Psychological Inhibition Resins, Plant Silicone Elastomers Silicones Stainless Steel

Top products related to «Microphysiological Systems»

1
Horse serum by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Horse serum is a biological fluid derived from the blood of horses. It contains a complex mixture of proteins, including immunoglobulins, hormones, and other biomolecules. Horse serum is commonly used as a supplement in cell culture media to support the growth and maintenance of various cell types.
2
Millicell cm by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Switzerland
The Millicell-CM is a device used for measuring the electrical resistance or impedance of cell cultures grown on permeable membrane supports. It provides a non-invasive method for monitoring the integrity and permeability of cell monolayers.
3
Hanks balanced salt solution (hbss) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, Switzerland, Sweden, Italy, China, Australia, Austria, Ireland, Norway, Belgium, Spain, Denmark
HBSS (Hank's Balanced Salt Solution) is a salt-based buffer solution commonly used in cell culture and biological research applications. It provides a balanced ionic environment to maintain the pH and osmotic pressure of cell cultures. The solution contains various inorganic salts, including calcium, magnesium, and potassium, as well as glucose, to support cell viability and homeostasis.
4
Millicell cell culture insert by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, Ireland, United Kingdom, Italy
Millicell cell culture inserts are a type of lab equipment used for in vitro cell culture experiments. They provide a permeable membrane support for growing cells in a controlled environment. The inserts are designed to be placed within a multi-well plate, allowing for the cultivation and study of cells under specific conditions.
5
Glutamax by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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GlutaMAX is a chemically defined, L-glutamine substitute for cell culture media. It is a stable source of L-glutamine that does not degrade over time like L-glutamine. GlutaMAX helps maintain consistent cell growth and performance in cell culture applications.
6
L glutamine by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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L-glutamine is an amino acid that is commonly used as a dietary supplement and in cell culture media. It serves as a source of nitrogen and supports cellular growth and metabolism.
7
Picm03050 by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
The PICM03050 is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a piece of apparatus used for performing various scientific experiments and analyses in a controlled environment. The core function of this equipment is to facilitate controlled conditions for conducting research and testing activities. Detailed specifications and intended use are not available.
8
Bovine serum albumin (bsa) by Merck Group
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Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a common laboratory reagent derived from bovine blood plasma. It is a protein that serves as a stabilizer and blocking agent in various biochemical and immunological applications. BSA is widely used to maintain the activity and solubility of enzymes, proteins, and other biomolecules in experimental settings.
9
Matrigel by BD
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Matrigel is a solubilized basement membrane preparation extracted from the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a tumor rich in extracellular matrix proteins. It is widely used as a substrate for the in vitro cultivation of cells, particularly those that require a more physiologically relevant microenvironment for growth and differentiation.
10
Hepes by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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HEPES is a buffering agent commonly used in cell culture and biochemical applications. It maintains a stable pH within a physiological range and is compatible with a variety of biological systems.

More about "Microphysiological Systems"

Microphysiological Systems (MPS), also known as Organ-on-a-Chip (OOC) or Tissue Chips, are advanced in vitro models that recapitulate the key structural and functional features of human tissues and organs.
These innovative platforms combine microfluidics, tissue engineering, and stem cell technologies to create physiologically relevant microenvironments.
By mimicking the complexities of the human body, Microphysiological Systems enable more accurate modeling of disease processes, drug responses, and toxicology.
Researchers can leverage these powerful tools to accelerate biomedical breakthroughs, reduce reliance on animal testing, and personalize therapeutic development.
These systems often incorporate various components to support cell growth and functionality, such as Horse serum, Millicell-CM, HBSS (Hank's Balanced Salt Solution), Millicell cell culture inserts, GlutaMAX, L-glutamine, PICM03050 (a medium for culturing primary hepatocytes), Bovine serum albumin, Matrigel (a basement membrane extract), and HEPES (a buffer).
The integration of these elements helps to create a physiologically relevant microenvironment that closely resembles the in vivo conditions.
With their unparalleled potential to transform preclinical research, Microphysiological Systems represent the future of biomedical discovery.
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