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Aphakia

Aphakia is a condition characterized by the absence or partial absence of the crystalline lens of the eye.
This may occur congenitally or as a result of surgical removal, trauma, or other medical conditions.
Individuals with aphakia typically experience visual impairments, such as reduced visual acuity, altered depth perception, and increased sensitivity to glare.
Proper management of aphakia often involves the use of corrective lenses, such as contact lenses or intraocular lenses, to restore visual function.
Reseachers studying aphakia can utilize PubCompare.ai to optimiize their research by quickly locating the most reprdocible and accurate protocols from scientific literature, pre-prints, and patents.
This AI-driven tool helps identify the best products and procedures to advance aphakia studies.

Most cited protocols related to «Aphakia»

Blindness was defined as visual acuity of worse than 3/60 in the better eye and severe visual impairment (SVI) was defined as visual acuity of worse than 6/60 but 3/60 or better in the better eye.
Operated cataract was defined as the presence of pseudophakia (implanted IOL) or aphakia (no IOL) on internal eye examination.
Visual acuity assessment commonly includes measurement of presenting visual acuity (i.e. with spectacles if normally worn) as well as pinhole acuity. The use of a pinhole corrects vision loss that is due to refractive error, which can be corrected by spectacles. In RAAB surveys pinhole acuity is used to identify operable cataract when pinhole acuity remains poor in the presence of an opaque lens. In many low and middle income countries, as in high income countries, cataract surgery is now often offered before someone becomes blind. Therefore, in this analysis, operable cataract was defined as pinhole visual acuity of SVI or blindness (less than 6/60) where the principal cause was cataract. The analysis can be repeated using other visual acuity cut-offs for operable cataract as appropriate (e.g. <3/60, < 6/18).
Cataract surgical coverage (CSC) was defined as the number of people in a defined population with operated cataract as a proportion of those having operable plus operated cataract[25 ] (i.e. pinhole visual acuity worse than 6/60; CSCpersons <6/60).
CSC=[(x+y)/(x+y+z)]*100(%)
where

x = individuals with unilateral pseudo/aphakia (i.e. operated cataract) and operable cataract in the other eye;

y = individuals with bilateral pseudo/aphakia, regardless of visual acuity;

z = individuals with bilateral operable cataract.

Cataract surgical outcome (CSO) was defined as presenting visual acuity in the operated eye of a person who had undergone unilateral cataract surgery, and presenting visual acuity in the better eye of a person who had undergone bilateral cataract surgery. The WHO guidelines[31 ] were used to categorise CSO into CSOGood (6/18 or better), CSOBorderline (worse than 6/18 to 6/60) or CSOPoor (worse than 6/60).
Effective cataract surgical coverage (eCSC) measures the number of people in a defined population with operated cataract and a good outcome (i.e. presenting vision 6/18 or better) as a proportion of those having operable plus operated cataract. As for CSC, eCSC was calculated using the cut-off for operable cataract of worse than 6/60 pinhole visual acuity (eCSCpersons <6/60). eCSC=[(a+b)/(x+y+z)]*100(%)
where

a = individuals with unilateral pseudo/aphakia achieving presenting visual acuity of 6/18 or better in the operated eye and operable cataract in the other eye;

b = individuals with bilateral pseudo/aphakia achieving presenting visual acuity of 6/18 or better in at least one eye;

x, y and z as above for CSC.

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Publication 2017
Aphakia Blindness Cataract Cataract Extraction Eyeglasses Lens, Crystalline Low Vision Operative Surgical Procedures Refractive Errors Vaginal Examination Vision Visual Acuity
Ethical approval was gained from the University of Liverpool Ethics Sub-committee, and the experiments were performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki. Subjects aged 18–60 years were recruited from within the University of Liverpool and all subjects provided informed, signed consent prior to entry into the study.
Subjects were screened and excluded if corrected VA in the better eye was worse than 0.300 LogMAR, or if cataract, aphakia, anomalies of pupils or accommodation or any retinal disorder (determined by subject history) were present. Subjects were excluded from stereopsis testing if a manifest strabismus determined by cover testing was present.
Testing was carried out in a 3.5 m by 4 m light proofed room. All three 3-m variations of the ETDRS chart (PrecisionVisionTM) were used for VA assessment, and VA scored using a modified per letter scoring method [13 (link)], where all mistakes prior to the penultimate line were ignored. The charts were backed with high quality optical white paper (as the retro-illuminated cabinet was not used) to simulate non-illuminated VA tests. The TNO stereotest (Richmond Products) was used to assess stereoacuity (SA) using the standard protocol. A 2200-Watt computer controlled lighting system was positioned to provide diffuse lighting of the room and test area. An illuminance meter (Precision Gold TM) was positioned on the VA chart and 15 illumination levels were programmed between 50 lx and 8000 lx. The illuminance of ‘daylight’ is 10,000 lx, whilst direct sunlight can be up to 130,000 lx [11 ]. As windows only transmit a reduced proportion of light [14 ], 8,000 lx was the maximum level of illuminance used in the study.
Current literature suggests that those with refractive errors could be subject to a larger change in VA score related to changing illuminance than those without [4 , 8 (link), 9 (link)]; therefore, any amount of underlying refractive error, as determined by photorefraction (PlusOptiX S04), was fully corrected prior to experimentation (spherical and cylindrical). In addition to emmetropia (Rx State 0), we induced in each subject the following levels of myopic error: 0.50DS (Rx State 1), 1.00DS (Rx State 2) and 1.50DS (Rx State 3).
VA testing was repeated until each eye had been tested in each of the refractive states during one session of up to an hour in duration. Illuminance level was randomised, with the VA chart changed between each alteration in illuminance level. The eye tested and refractive state used was block randomised (one eye and one refractive state was used until all illuminance levels were tested). All testing was performed by one of the authors (LT), to ensure consistent encouragement and scoring.
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Publication 2016
Aphakia BAD protein, human Cardiac Arrest Cataract Depth Perception Ethics Committees Gold Light Lighting Myopia Ocular Accommodation Ocular Refraction Pupil Malformations Refractive Errors Retinal Diseases Strabismus Sunlight
The study enrolled a consecutive series of patients (prospective aim was 100 patients) aged 50 years or older, with newly diagnosed, treatment-naive nAMD and active subfoveal choroidal neovascularisation (CNV), as confirmed on fluorescein angiography by a retinal specialist (AA or IM). Additional inclusion criteria were: best corrected VA (BCVA) from 20/25 to 200/400, a maximum lesion size of 12 disc areas, and informed consent. Exclusion criteria included: subfoveal atrophy or fibrosis, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, CNV resulting from a disease other than AMD, any other macular pathology, a history of any macular treatment or vitrectomy, aphakia, history of uveitis or active ocular inflammation in the study eye, any other vision-affecting ocular disorder, and the inability to obtain retinal images of sufficient quality. Therefore, the inclusion and exclusion criteria were similar to the multicentre phase III trials,3 (link)
4 (link)
10 (link) with the exception of a slightly enlarged spectrum for BCVA.
Publication 2014
Aphakia Atrophy Choroidal Neovascularization Eye Disorders Fibrosis Fluorescein Angiography Inflammation Macula Lutea Patients Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy Retina Uveitis Vision Vitrectomy
This study, supported through a cooperative agreement with the National Eye Institute of the National Institutes of Health, was conducted by the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study Group at 12 clinical sites. The study design, surgical techniques, patching and optical correction regimens, evaluation methods, and patient characteristics at baseline have been reported previously.9 (link),17 (link) This study was approved by the institutional review boards at all participating institutions and was in compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. The off-label research use of the Acrysof SN60AT and MA60AC IOLs (Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, Texas) was covered by US Food and Drug Administration investigational device exemption # G020021.
Publication 2014
Aphakia Ethics Committees, Research Infant Intraocular Lymphoma Medical Devices Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Treatment Protocols
The Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) is a prospective, population-based, observational cohort study conducted in the Rhine-Main region in Germany. The sample of 15,010 participants was randomly drawn from local governmental registry offices. The study cohort was equally stratified by sex within each decade of age. More details regarding the study design are described in Höhn et al. [17 (link)]. In brief, the baseline examination of the study cohort was carried out between 2007 and 2012 and the 5-year follow-up between 2012 and 2017. The study protocol and study documents were approved by the local ethics committee of the Medical Chamber of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany (reference no. 837.020.07; original vote: 22.3.2007, latest update: 20.10.2015). According to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to entering them in the study.
For each participant, a comprehensive ophthalmological examination was conducted, including objective refraction (Humphrey Automated Refractor/Keratometer (HARK) 599, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany) and distance-corrected visual acuity, non-contact tonometry (Nidek NT-2000, Nidek Co, Japan) at baseline and follow-up. Slit-lamp examination of the anterior segment and funduscopy was performed at baseline. Ophthalmic conditions (e.g., phakia, pseudophakia and aphakia) were documented using standardized documentation sheets. These variables (aphakia, pseudophakia) were validated using refraction and the ophthalmic medical history. Eye diseases were recorded as self-report for glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and corneal disease.
At 5-year follow-up, Scheimpflug imaging, ocular biometry, and fundus photography was conducted. In all eyes with a lens thickness ≤ 2 mm or missing value, Scheimpflug images were evaluated by two trained graders (AKS, PW) for the presence of a crystalline lens (examples are given in supplemental figure 1). In case of deviation (kappa = 0.99 for inter-rater reliability), an experienced cataract and refractive surgeon (UVb) took the decision. In addition, a masked sample of eyes with lens thickness > 2 mm was included.
Vision-related quality of life was assessed using the German version of the National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) [18 (link), 19 ]. The questionnaire was self-administered as print-out and Rasch-based analysis was computed to result in measures for visual function scale (VFS) and socio-emotional scale (SES), as described before [20 (link), 21 (link)].
Diabetes was diagnosed in those individuals with HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, taking diabetic medication or having been diagnosed by a physician.
Socioeconomic status was defined according to the index used for the German Health Update 2009 (GEDA) and ranged from 3 to 21 [22 (link)]. The type of health insurance (private vs. statutory) was questioned.
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Publication 2020
Age-Related Macular Degeneration Aphakia Cataract Corneal Diseases Diabetes Mellitus Emotions Eye Eye Disorders Glaucoma Health Insurance Lens, Crystalline Ocular Refraction Ophthalmoscopy Pharmaceutical Preparations Physicians Regional Ethics Committees Slit Lamp Examination Surgeons Tonometry, Ocular Vision Visual Acuity

Most recents protocols related to «Aphakia»

This is a retrospective-single center non-comparative study that aimed to investigate whether TS was successful in the long term and determine factors influencing success or leading to failure. This study was approved by the local ethics committee with the registration number HNEAH-KAEK-2021/1 and adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki as revised in 2013.
The study included all patients aged above 40 years, who had POAG and PEXG of any stage with or without previous surgical or laser intervention for glaucoma treatment and underwent trabectome surgery alone (TA) or combined with phacoemulsification trabectome phacotrabectome (TP) between 2012 and 2016 in a single tertiary center. Data were collected from the patient files and hospital records. Patients with less than 6 months of follow-up and those with missing or incomplete medical records were not included in the study. Patients with any secondary glaucoma (other than PEXG), angle closure glaucoma, congenital or juvenile glaucoma, those with a history of complicated cataract surgery, vitrectomy, or keratoplasty, and those with inflammatory eye diseases, retinal detachment, diabetic retinopathy, senile macular degeneration, retinal vascular diseases, aphakia, degenerative myopia, or nanophthalmos were not included in the study. Demographic data, including age and gender, eye laterality, best-corrected visual acuity using the logMAR system, lens status, type of glaucoma, glaucoma stage according to the Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson criteria (14 (link)) using the Goldmann visual field analysis Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm Standard 30–2 (Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer, Carl Zeiss Inc., Dublin, CA, USA), central corneal thickness (CCT) measured by Pentacam (rotating Scheimpflug camera; Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany), IOP measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry, number of antiglaucomatous drug molecules used, type of surgery, and any previous surgery were noted.
Outcome measures assessed at the sixth month and last visit included IOP, number of glaucoma drug molecules used, additional glaucoma or ocular surgery requirement and time from index to additional surgery, visual acuity, and any additional ocular pathology affecting visual acuity. Surgical success was defined as a drop in IOP by 20% or IOP ≤21 mmHg and no further glaucoma surgery. Patients that died and those that were lost to follow-up were also noted.
All the operations were performed by a single well-experienced glaucoma surgeon (Y.Y.). Surgery was performed under topical anesthesia through a 1.7 mm clear corneal temporal incision, using a modified Swan-Jacobs surgical gonioscopy lens (Ocular Instruments, Bellevue, WA, USA). To achieve the best visualization angle, the head was rotated 30-40°counterclockwise and the microscope was tilted 30–40° clockwise toward the surgeon. Using viscoelastic, the trabectome tip was advanced, and nasally ≈60–100° strip of the inner wall of the trabeculum and Schlemm’s canal was removed. Routine anterior chamber antibiotic prophylaxis was applied. In the combined procedure, TS was performed first. All the patients were instructed to use antibiotics for 10 days and steroid and pilocarpine treatment for one month.
Publication 2023
Age-Related Macular Degeneration Angle Closure Glaucoma Antibiotic Prophylaxis Antibiotics, Antitubercular Antiglaucoma Agents Aphakia Blood Vessel Cataract Extraction Chambers, Anterior Cornea Diabetic Retinopathy Exfoliation Syndrome Eye Eye Disorders Functional Laterality Gender Glaucoma Glaucoma, Primary Open Angle Gonioscopy Head Inflammation Keratoplasty Lens, Crystalline Microphthalmos Microscopy Myopia, Degenerative Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Phacoemulsification Pharmaceutical Preparations Pilocarpine Regional Ethics Committees Retina Retinal Detachment Retinal Diseases Schlemm's Canal Steroids Surgeons Tonometry Topical Anesthetics Vascular Diseases Visual Acuity Vitrectomy
Inclusion criteria were: (1) patients aged ≥ 18 years with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus; (2) presence of DME defined as a central subfield thickness (CSFT) > 300 µm, confirmed by spectral domain OCT (Spectralis: Heidelberg, Germany), for > 6 months with no response to previous treatments with anti-VEGF agents and/or laser and no previous ocular surgery other than cataract; (3) Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between 20/32 and 20/400. Exclusion criteria were: (1) aphakia or cataract surgery within the previous 4 months; (2) severe capillary loss determined by fluorescein angiography (FA); (3) changes in the vitreoretinal interface or vitreomacular traction detected by OCT; (4) proliferative DR with high risk characteristics; (5) any clinical condition that would prevent visualization of the fundus or patient follow-up; (6) glaucoma; (7) thromboembolic events (including acute myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accidents) occurring less than 3 months before recruitment; (8) medical or psychological conditions that would prevent the patient from giving written informed consent; (9) significant and uncontrolled disease that, in the opinion of the investigator, might interfere with the study; (10) pregnancy or breastfeeding, and (11) participation in another clinical trial within the previous 30 days.
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Publication 2023
Anti-Anxiety Agents Aphakia Capillaries Cataract Cataract Extraction Cerebrovascular Accident Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Retinopathy Eye Fluorescein Angiography Glaucoma Mental Disorders Myocardial Infarction Patients Pregnancy Thromboembolism Traction Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors Visual Acuity

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Publication 2023
Aphakia Cataract Extraction Child Diagnosis Infant Infant, Newborn Lens Implantation, Intraocular Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous Repeat Surgery Strabismus Youth
We enrolled 1026 high myopia patients with cataracts and 2136 controls (age-matched) with only high myopia from Xi’an Fourth Hospital (Figure 1). All participants were high myopia patients and unrelated Han Chinese individuals (at least all 3 generations were of Han descent and had no history of migration). All participants were examined by detailed ophthalmic assessments. According to the spherical equivalent (SE) of both eyes, high myopia was defined by SE ≤−6.0 dioptres (D). Those having both eyes meeting the criteria were included. Those with prior ocular surgery, ocular trauma, strabismus, corneal or ocular surface diseases, corneal scar, uveitis, glaucoma, or other major eye diseases affecting the accuracy of refraction were excluded from the study. Ocular lens opacification and best-corrected visual acuity less than 20/40 were used to diagnose cataracts. According to the lens opacity area of the enrolled patients, cataracts were divided into 4 types: cortical cataracts, nuclear cataracts, posterior subcapsular cataracts, and mixed cataracts. If the enrolled patient had at least 1 eye with more than 1 type of cataract or 2 eyes with different types, he or she was defined as the mixed type. Patients meeting the following criteria were included in the case group: (1) lens opacity; (2) under 50 years old (excluding age-related cataracts); (3) best-corrected visual acuity below 20/40; and (4) no other clear causes of cataracts. Patients with complicated cataracts caused by diabetes or other known causes, as well as with pseudophakia or aphakia in either eye, were also excluded from the study.
The study participants’ peripheral blood samples were drawn, conserved, and used in subsequent genotyping. Table 1 displays the clinical features and demographic data of the study participants that were gathered through questionnaires and medical records. Each participant provided their written informed consent. The Medical Ethics Committee of Xi’an Fourth Hospital approved the study.
Publication 2023
Aphakia BLOOD Cataract Chinese Cornea Cortex, Cerebral Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis Ethics Committees Eye Eye Disorders Eye Injuries Glaucoma Lens, Crystalline Myopia Ocular Refraction Patients Strabismus Uveitis Vision Visual Acuity
The patient database at the Shinseikai Toyama Hospital was searched, and the records of patients with APAC who visited our hospital between June 2010 and June 2021 were reviewed. In total, 41 eyes from 41 patients were included in this study. The follow-up period was 1 month. The inclusion criteria were as follows:

Presence of a history of intermittent blurring of vision with halos and at least two of the following symptoms: ocular or periocular pain, nausea and/or vomiting.

IOP > 30 mmHg and the presence of at least three of the following signs: conjunctival injection, corneal epithelial edema, mid-dilated pupil, shallow anterior chamber, and iris atrophy.

Completion of more than 1 month of follow-up.

The exclusion criteria were as follows:

Secondary glaucoma, such as neovascular glaucoma, phacolytic glaucoma, and uveitic glaucoma.

Pseudophakic eyes, aphakic eyes, or eyes that underwent LPI.

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Publication 2023
Aphakia Atrophy Chambers, Anterior Conjunctiva Edema, Corneal Eye Glaucoma Glaucoma, Neovascular Inpatient Iris Mydriasis Nausea Pain Patients Uveitis Vision

Top products related to «Aphakia»

The Acrysof SN60AT is a foldable intraocular lens (IOL) designed for cataract surgery. It features a single-piece acrylic lens with a 6.0 mm optic and an overall diameter of 13.0 mm. The lens is designed to be implanted in the capsular bag following the removal of the natural lens during cataract surgery.
Sourced in United States
The MA60AC IOLs are intraocular lenses (IOLs) designed for use in cataract surgery. They are made of acrylic material and feature a 6.0 mm optic diameter. The MA60AC IOLs are intended to be implanted in the capsular bag following the removal of the natural crystalline lens.
Sourced in Switzerland
The BQ-900 is a slit lamp biomicroscope manufactured by Haag-Streit. It is designed to provide a magnified and illuminated view of the anterior segment of the eye, including the cornea, iris, and lens. The BQ-900 features adjustable illumination and magnification settings to enable detailed examination of the eye's structures.
Sourced in United States, Sweden
COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5 is a powerful software package for modeling and simulating physics-based problems. It provides a comprehensive environment for applying numerical methods to a variety of engineering and scientific applications. The software supports multiple physics interfaces, allowing users to couple different physical phenomena within a single simulation.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Denmark, Belgium, Spain, Canada, Austria
Stata 12.0 is a comprehensive statistical software package designed for data analysis, management, and visualization. It provides a wide range of statistical tools and techniques to assist researchers, analysts, and professionals in various fields. Stata 12.0 offers capabilities for tasks such as data manipulation, regression analysis, time-series analysis, and more. The software is available for multiple operating systems.
Sourced in United States, Montenegro, Japan, Canada, United Kingdom, Germany, Macao, Switzerland, China
C57BL/6J mice are a widely used inbred mouse strain. They are a commonly used model organism in biomedical research.
Sourced in Japan, Germany
Mydrin-P is a laboratory product used for ophthalmic purposes. It functions as a mydriatic agent, intended to dilate the pupil.
Sourced in United States, Germany
The Constellation Vision System is a surgical platform designed for ophthalmic procedures. It provides advanced control and precision for the surgeon during operations. The system integrates multiple components to support the surgical workflow.
Sourced in Japan, Germany
The CEM-530 is a lab equipment product from Nidek. It is a device used for measuring the corneal endothelial cell density and morphology.

More about "Aphakia"

Aphakia is a condition characterized by the absence or partial absence of the crystalline lens of the eye.
This lens deficiency may occur congenitally or as a result of surgical removal, trauma, or other medical conditions.
Individuals with aphakia often experience visual impairments, such as reduced visual acuity, altered depth perception, and increased sensitivity to glare.
Proper management of aphakia typically involves the use of corrective lenses, such as contact lenses or intraocular lenses (IOLs), to restore visual function.
Some common IOL models used in aphakia treatment include the AcrySof SN60AT and MA60AC.
Researchers studying aphakia can utilize AI-driven tools like PubCompare.ai to optimize their research by quickly locating the most reproducible and accurate protocols from scientific literature, preprints, and patents.
This can help identify the best products and procedures to advance aphakia studies.
Related terms and acronyms include BQ-900, COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5, Stata 12.0, C57BL/6J mice, Mydrin-P, and the Constellation Vision System.
Additionally, the CEM-530 device may be used in the assessment and management of aphakia.
By leveraging these insights and tools, researchers can make significant strides in understanding and treating this complex lens condition.