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> Disorders > Disease or Syndrome > Bronchospasm

Bronchospasm

Bronchchospasm is a sudden, involuntary constriction of the bronchi and bronchioles, often resulting in difficult or labored breathing.
This condition can be triggered by various stimuli, such as allergens, irritants, or cold air, and is commonly associated with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory disorders.
Effective management of bronchospasm is crucial for maintaining respiratory function and improving patient quality of life.
Understanding the underlying mechanisms, risk factors, and appropriate treatment strategies is essential for healthcare professionals in the field of respiratory medicine.

Most cited protocols related to «Bronchospasm»

1
Thai Nationwide Atrial Fibrillation Registry
NVAF patients were consecutively enrolled from 24 hospitals located all across Thailand. Thirteen of those centers are university hospitals, and ten are regional or general hospitals. The protocol for this study was approved by the institutional review boards (IRBs) of the Thailand Ministry of Public Health and IRB of each participating hospital namely Buddhachinaraj Hospital, Central Chest Institute of Thailand, Charoen Krung Pracha Rak Hospital, Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital, Chonburi Hospital, Chiang Mai Hospital, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Naresuan University Hospital, Songklanakarind Hospital, Ramathibodi Hospital, Siriraj Hospital, Thammasat Hospital, Golden Jubilee Medical Center, Srinakarind Hospital, Lampang Hospital, Maharat Nakorn Ratchasima Hospital, Nakornping Hospital, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Police General Hospital, Prapokklao Hospital (Chanthaburi), Ratchaburi Hospital, Surat Thani Hospital, Surin Hospital, and Udonthani Hospital. All patients provided written informed consent prior to participation in this study. Patients aged ≥18 years with atrial fibrillation diagnosed by standard ECG or ambulatory monitoring were eligible for inclusion. Patients having one or more of the following were excluded: 1) ischemic stroke within 3 months; 2) thrombocytopenia (< 100,000/mm3), myeloproliferative disorders, hyperviscosity syndrome, or antiphospholipid syndrome; 3) prosthetic valve or valve repair; 4) rheumatic valve disease or significant valve disease; 5) atrial fibrillation from transient reversible cause (e.g., during respiratory tract infection or bronchospasm); 6) ongoing participation in a clinical trial; 7) life expectancy less than 3 years; 8) pregnancy; 9) inability to attend scheduled follow-up appointments; 10) refusal to join the study; and/or, 11) current hospitalization or hospitalization within 1 month prior to inclusion in the study.
Baseline demographic and clinical data were collected and recorded. Patients were followed-up at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months. Data relating to cardiovascular events, blood pressure, heart rate, and medications were collected at each follow-up visit. Data from each patient was written on a case record form and keyed into a web-based data collection and management system. The following data were collected: 1) demographic information; 2) history of stroke and bleeding; 3) type and duration of atrial fibrillation; 4) component parameters of CHADS2 score, CHA2DS2VASc score for stroke risk, and HAS-BLED score for risk of bleeding; 5) history of medical and cardiovascular disease; 6) antithrombotic medication; 7) reason for not using warfarin in those not taking warfarin; 8) concomitant medications; 9) twelve-lead ECG; and, 10) current INR. Protocols were established and followed by the data management team and statisticians to ensure the integrity and quality of the data before final analysis. Random site monitoring was also regularly performed. Approximately 70% of sites were audited. Data were collected during the 2014 to 2017 study period.
Krittayaphong R., Winijkul A., Methavigul K., Wongtheptien W., Wongvipaporn C., Wisaratapong T., Kunjara-Na-Ayudhya R., Boonyaratvej S., Komoltri C., Kaewcomdee P., Yindeengam A, & Sritara P. (2018). Risk profiles and pattern of antithrombotic use in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation in Thailand: a multicenter study. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 18, 174.
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Publication 2018
Antiphospholipid Syndrome Atrial Fibrillation Blood Pressure Bronchospasm Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Cerebrovascular Accident Chest Electrocardiography, 12-Lead Hospitalization Myeloproliferative Disorders Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pregnancy Rate, Heart Respiratory Tract Infections Rheumatism Stroke, Ischemic Syndrome Thrombocytopenia Transients Warfarin
2
Postoperative Pulmonary Complications Assessment
The main end point of this study was the incidence of PPCs, occurring within the first 7 postoperative days (PODs). Postoperative pulmonary complications were collected prospectively following preagreed definitions (eAppendix in the Supplement) and included clinical diagnoses (pneumonia,20 (link) bronchospasm, and/or ARDS21 (link)), radiological diagnoses (presence of any degree or location of atelectasis,2 (link) pneumothorax,2 (link) and/or pleural effusion2 (link)), and therapies for respiratory insufficiency (prolonged [>1 day after end of surgery] supplemental oxygen by nasal cannula [NC], face mask [FM], postoperative noninvasive ventilation [new to the patient or extended in time compared with the patient’s routine use], and/or re-intubation with postoperative mechanical ventilation [POMV]). Radiological diagnoses were reported by attending radiologists independent of the study, with the final consideration as PPC by local study principal investigators. Mechanical ventilation for nonrespiratory reasons (ie, ventilation maintained at end of surgery or initiated after surgery for reasons other than respiratory failure, such as unstable arrhythmia or hemodynamic instability) was not considered as POMV. Additional clinical outcomes collected were mortality within the first 7 PODs and admission and length of stay (LOS) in the ICU/ intermediate care unit and hospital.
Fernandez-Bustamante A., Frendl G., Sprung J., Kor D.J., Subramaniam B., Ruiz R.M., Lee J.W., Henderson W.G., Moss A., Mehdiratta N., Colwell M.M., Bartels K., Kolodzie K., Giquel J, & Vidal Melo M.F. (2017). Postoperative Pulmonary Complications, Early Mortality, and Hospital Stay Following Noncardiothoracic Surgery: A Multicenter Study by the Perioperative Research Network Investigators. JAMA surgery, 152(2), 157-166.
Publication 2017
Atelectasis Bronchospasm Cardiac Arrhythmia Diagnosis Face Hemodynamics Intubation Lung Mechanical Ventilation Nasal Cannula Noninvasive Ventilation Operative Surgical Procedures Oxygen Patients Pleura Pneumonia Pneumothorax Postoperative Complications Radiologist Respiratory Failure Respiratory Therapy Surgery, Day X-Rays, Diagnostic
3
Assessing Postoperative Pulmonary Complications
Over the study period, all consecutive patients consulting respiratory physicians to evaluate the risk of PPCs before surgery were included, and the PPC-related variables of each patient were registered prospectively. The patients were not included in this study with 1) aged younger than 18 years; 2) pulmonary related surgery; and 3) obstetric surgery or any procedure during pregnancy and the patients with organ transplantation were excluded.
Data collection was performed prospectively by respiratory physicians at the time of consultation about the risk of PPCs. The following information was collected: data related to the patient (age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol habits, airflow limitation, comorbidities such as congestive heart failure (CHF), mental status, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification, serum albumin, serum hemoglobin, and chest radiograph findings) and the surgical operation (type of anesthesia, elective or emergency surgery, and surgical site and specialty), which are identified in the ACP guidelines as PPC-related variables in patients undergoing non-cardiothoracic surgery. The presence of airflow limitation was defined as the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) <0.7 and FEV1 <80% of predicted value.
The main outcome, PPCs, consisted of in-hospital postoperative events related to the respiratory system, such as respiratory infection, respiratory failure, pleural effusion, atelectasis, pneumothorax, and bronchospasm within the first 7 postoperative days. The details of the definitions of PPCs have been published elsewhere [7] (link).
Jeong B.H., Shin B., Eom J.S., Yoo H., Song W., Han S., Lee K.J., Jeon K., Um S.W., Koh W.J., Suh G.Y., Chung M.P., Kim H., Kwon O.J., Woo S, & Park H.Y. (2014). Development of a Prediction Rule for Estimating Postoperative Pulmonary Complications. PLoS ONE, 9(12), e113656.
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Publication 2014
Anesthesia Anesthesiologist Atelectasis Bronchospasm Congestive Heart Failure Emergencies Ethanol Gender Hemoglobin Index, Body Mass Obstetric Surgical Procedures Operative Surgical Procedures Organ Transplantation Patients Physical Examination Physicians Pleural Effusion Pneumothorax Pregnancy Pulmonary Surgical Procedures Radiography, Thoracic Respiratory Diaphragm Respiratory Failure Respiratory Rate Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Infections Serum Serum Albumin Volumes, Forced Expiratory Youth
4
Postoperative Pulmonary Complication Risks

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Publication 2014
Aspiration Pneumonia Atelectasis Blood Transfusion Bronchospasm Cardiac Arrhythmia Comatose Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Erythrocytes Heart Failure Hepatic Insufficiency Infection Intraoperative Complications Kidney Failure, Acute Lung Myocardial Infarction Operative Surgical Procedures Oxyhemoglobin Pharmaceutical Preparations Pleural Effusion Pneumothorax Postoperative Complications Pulmonary Edema Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult Safety Saturation of Peripheral Oxygen Septicemia Septic Shock Severe Sepsis Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Systolic Pressure
5
Intranasal Inoculation of Rhesus Macaques with Simian Varicella Virus
Four 3-to-4-year-old male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), seronegative for SVV and without any history of chronic illness, were inoculated intrabronchially with 4×105 PFU SVV. Rhesus macaques were sedated by ketamine (10 mg/Kg) and positioned in dorsal recumbency and monitored continuously with a pulse oximeter. A pediatric fiber optic endoscope was introduced into the tracheal lumen with the aid of a laryngeal scope followed by instillation of 1 ml of 1% lidocaine to control bronchospasm. The tip of the bronchoscope was gently wedged into a right subsidiary bronchus, and the virus inoculum was infused in a volume of 2 ml followed by additional infusion of a 5 ml aliquot of sterile, pyrogen-free saline into the bronchus. Heparinized blood and bronchial alveolar lavages (BAL) were obtained after ketamine (10 mg/kg body weight) sedation. PBMCs were isolated using a histopaque gradient (Sigma) as per the manufacturer's recommendation. The absolute number of lymphocytes/μl blood was obtained using a complete blood count machine (Hemavet, Drew Scientific). BAL samples were pelleted and resuspended in RPMI medium supplemented with 10% FBS, penicillin/streptomycin and L-glutamine. During varicella, monkeys were anesthetized and a punch biopsy of the area of rash was obtained and divided into two portions; one portion was used to extract total DNA, and the second portion was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and paraffin-embedded. Monkeys were euthanized at 73 or 105 dpi and ganglionic and non-ganglionic tissues were harvested at necropsy. Tissues were divided into two portions; one portion was snap-frozen for DNA extraction and the other portion was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and paraffin-embedded. Ganglia from the two sides of the neuraxis were kept separate. Pooled ganglia from specific dermatomes and from one side of the neuraxis were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and pooled ganglia from the same dermatomes of the other side were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and paraffin-embedded.
Messaoudi I., Barron A., Wellish M., Engelmann F., Legasse A., Planer S., Gilden D., Nikolich-Zugich J, & Mahalingam R. (2009). Simian Varicella Virus Infection of Rhesus Macaques Recapitulates Essential Features of Varicella Zoster Virus Infection in Humans. PLoS Pathogens, 5(11), e1000657.
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Publication 2009
Autopsy Biopsy BLOOD Body Weight Bronchi Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Bronchoscopes Bronchospasm Central Nervous System Chickenpox Complete Blood Count Disease, Chronic Endoscopes Exanthema Freezing Ganglia Glutamine histopaque Ketamine Larynx Lidocaine Lymphocyte Count Macaca mulatta Males Monkeys Nitrogen Paraffin paraform Penicillins Pulse Rate Pyrogens Saline Solution Sedatives Sterility, Reproductive Streptomycin Tissues Trachea Virus

Most recents protocols related to «Bronchospasm»

1
ARISCAT Risk Index for Postoperative Pulmonary Complications
The ARISCAT risk index is used to predict the following: respiratory failure, bronchospasm, respiratory infections, atelectasis, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, and aspiration pneumonitis.9 (link),10 (link) Atelectasis, pneumonia, or pleural effusion were diagnosed by routine clinical examination, chest radiography (chest x-ray or CT), and other relevant investigations. The risk score was classified as: Low risk: < 26, intermediate risk: 26–44, and High risk: ≥45 (Table 1).

Parameters of the ARISCAT Score and Risk Classification

Score ComponentsRisk Score
Age≤50 year0
51–80 year3
>80 year16
Preoperative oxygen saturation≥96%0
91–95%8
≤ 90%24
Respiratory infection in past 1 monthNo0
Yes17
Preoperative hemoglobin < 10g/dlNo0
Yes11
IncisionPeripheral incision0
Upper abdominal incision15
Intrathoracic incision24
Surgery duration<2 hours0
2–3 hours16
>3 hours23
Emergency procedureNo0
Yes8
RiskARISCAT Score
Low< 26 (1.6%)
Medium/Intermediate26–44 (13.3%)
High≥ 45 (42.1%)
Other PPCs have also been reported, such as phrenic dysfunction due to phrenic nerve injury, hoarseness due to recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, difficult extubation, wound infection, and other complications. The management of complications, duration of chest drainage, length of ICU and hospital stay, and patient outcomes (discharge or in-hospital mortality) were also recorded.
Eldaabossi S., Al-Ghoneimy Y., Ghoneim A., Awad A., Mahdi W., Farouk A., Soliman H., Kanany H., Antar A., Gaber Y., Shaarawy A., Nabawy O., Atef M., Nour S.O, & Kabil A. (2023). The ARISCAT Risk Index as a Predictor of Pulmonary Complications After Thoracic Surgeries, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 16, 625-634.
Publication 2023
Abdomen Aspiration Pneumonia Atelectasis Bronchospasm Hemoglobin Hoarseness Infection Injuries Nipple Discharge Oximetry Oxygen Oxygen Saturation Patient Discharge Patients Phrenic Nerve Physical Examination Pleural Effusion Pneumonia Pneumothorax Radiography, Thoracic Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries Respiratory Failure Respiratory Tract Infections Tracheal Extubation Wound Infection
2
Postoperative Pulmonary Complications Assessment
As previously reported in our primary trial, the primary outcome for this analysis was the incidence of a composite of PPCs, defined as present if any component developed within the first 7 days after surgery. These complications included pneumonia, bronchospasm, atelectasis, pulmonary congestion, respiratory failure, pleural effusion or pneumothorax, or unplanned requirement for postoperative mechanical ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure or non-invasive or invasive ventilation (see eTable 1 in Online Supplement). The diagnoses of atelectasis, pleural effusion and pneumothorax were based on chest x-rays and adjudicated by assessors blinded to study group allocation [1 (link)].
The secondary outcomes were 1) incidence of PPCs during hospital stay, 2) incidence of pulmonary embolism, 3) incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome, 4) incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, 5) incidence of sepsis, 6) incidence of acute kidney injury, 7) incidence of wound infection (superficial or deep), 8) rate of intraoperative need for vasopressor, 9) incidence of unplanned intensive care unit (ICU) admission, 10) rate of need for rapid response team call, 11) length of stay in ICU, 12) hospital length of stay and 13) incidence of in-hospital mortality (see eTable 2 in Online Supplement for all definitions). These secondary outcomes were also derived from our previously reported primary trial [1 (link)].
Karalapillai D., Weinberg L., Neto A.S., Peyton P.J., Ellard L., Hu R., Pearce B., Tan C.O., Story D., O’Donnell M., Hamilton P., Oughton C., Galtieri J., Wilson A., Liskaser G., Balasubramaniam A., Eastwood G., Bellomo R, & Jones D.A. (2023). Low tidal volume ventilation for patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery: a secondary analysis of a randomised clinical trial. BMC Anesthesiology, 23, 71.
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Publication 2023
Atelectasis Bronchospasm Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Diagnosis Dietary Supplements Hospital Rapid Response Team Kidney Failure, Acute Lung Mechanical Ventilation Operative Surgical Procedures Pleural Effusion Pneumonia Pneumothorax Pulmonary Embolism Radiography, Thoracic Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult Respiratory Failure Septicemia Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Vasoconstrictor Agents Wound Infection
3
H. pylori Screening Diagnostic Study
This open-label, prospective multicenter diagnostic study enrolled patients who underwent H pylori screening from January 7, 2020, to October 28, 2020. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of these 3 centers (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine [Approval number: 2020-063]; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University [Approval number: 2019.04-1]; The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University [Approval number: 2020-36]). All participants signed the informed consent form before any study procedures.
The inclusion criteria were: 18 to 65 years of age and; Indication for gastroscopy. The exclusion criteria were: Known or suspected allergy to test drugs or their components; Used antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicines with antibacterial effects, traditional Chinese medicines for treating gastrointestinal diseases, bismuth preparations, H2 receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors, or sucralfate in the past month; Upper gastrointestinal bleeding within the recent 1 week; History of gastrectomy; Contraindications or influencing factors for gastroscopy; Severe cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases (such as class III–IV New York Heart Association functional classification, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, acute stroke, etc); Malignant tumors, acute infectious diseases, or severe lung diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, bronchospasm, bronchial asthma, respiratory failure, etc); Neurological or mental diseases or were unable to cooperate or unwilling to cooperate, or history of mental disorders or mental abnormalities with suicidal tendencies; Suspected or genuine propensity to abuse or rely on alcohol or drugs; Pregnant or lactating women; Participated in other clinical trials within 3 months before screening, or; Any other situations that the investigators deemed not suitable for participation.
Han Y.H., Zhang W., Wang Y.T., Xiong Z.J., Du Q., Xie Y, & Lu H. (2023). Performance evaluation of a novel 14C-urea breath test (solid scintillation) for the diagnosis of helicobacter pylori infection. Medicine, 102(9), e33107.
Publication 2023
Acute Cerebrovascular Accidents Anti-Bacterial Agents Antibiotics Asthma Bismuth Bronchospasm Cardiovascular System Cerebrovascular Disorders Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease Communicable Diseases Congenital Abnormality Congestive Heart Failure Diagnosis Drug Abuse Ethanol Ethics Committees Gastrectomy Gastrointestinal Diseases Gastroscopy Heart Helicobacter pylori Histamine H2 Antagonists Hypersensitivity Lung Diseases Malignant Neoplasms Mental Disorders Myocardial Infarction Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Proton Pump Inhibitors Respiratory Failure Sucralfate Tests, Diagnostic Woman
4
Antigen-specific Immune Response Assessment
During the antigen recall part of the study, six months post the final immunization (see Fig. 3), Purified H107 protein (50 μg per animal in 0.15mL) was administrated by intratracheal route (IT) using endoscope, directly inserted into the trachea until the bifurcation of caudal right lung (accessory lobe and caudal lobe). In parallel, purified H107 and control protein antigen (CTH522; composed of unrelated Chlamydia trachomatis-specific antigens) were administrated by intradermal (ID) route consisted of two intradermal injections of 0.1 mL, each containing 20 μg protein antigen per injection the right (H107) or left (control antigen) side of the back of the animal. In vivo recall antigens were diluted in 10mM Tris + 4%glycerol, pH 7.0. Pre-medication was performed using alpha-2 agonist atropine sulfate (0.04mg/kg) before anesthesia of the animals to reduce bronchospasm and mucus production during endoscopic exam. Animals were then sedated using ketamine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg, IM) associated with medetomidine hydrochloride (0.05mg/kg IM). After bronchoscopy administration and sampling, animals are injected with Atipamezol hydrochloride (0.25mg/kg) to induce recovery from anesthesia. The animals were sampled for blood at days 0, 3 and 8. On day 8, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was also performed using 50 mL sterile saline, and skin biopsy were performed at injection sites. Blood cell counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit were determined from EDTA-treated blood using an HMX A/L analyzer (Beckman Coulter).
Dermal scoring (skin induration, DTH) was performed at days 0 and 8 post boost. Dermal scoring of the dosing site included observations and graded scoring for erythema, edema, bleeding, scabbing, fissuring and/or ulceration. Skin biopsies were gathered using 8mm2 punches and put in PBS after fatty tissue was removed. Briefly, skin biopsies were washed using RPMI 37°C and incubated overnight at 37°C in enzymatic solution (RPMI Glutamax+ 5%FCS+1%ATB+DNase 0.02mg/L) with 4 mg/mL Collagenase D. After incubation, supernatant was collected, aliquoted, and stored at −80°C for antibody ELISA assays. The remaining tissue was dissociated and washed before harvesting cells for stimulation for ICS assays.
Woodworth J.S., Contreras V., Christensen D., Naninck T., Kahlaoui N., Gallouët A.S., Langlois S., Burban E., Joly C., Gros W., Dereuddre-Bosquet N., Morin J., Olsen M.L., Rosenkrands I., Stein A.K., Wood G.K., Follmann F., Lindenstrøm T., LeGrand R., Pedersen G.K, & Mortensen R. (2023). A novel adjuvant formulation induces robust Th1/Th17 memory and mucosal recall responses in Non-Human Primates. bioRxiv.
Publication Preprint 2023
Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists Anesthesia Animals Antigens atipamezole Biological Assay Biopsy BLOOD Blood Cell Count Bronchoalveolar Lavage Bronchoscopy Bronchospasm Cells Chlamydia trachomatis Collagenase Deoxyribonucleases Edema Edetic Acid Endoscopes Endoscopy Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Enzymes Erythema Glycerin Haptens Hemoglobin Immunoglobulins Intradermal Injection Ketamine Hydrochloride Lung Medetomidine Hydrochloride Mental Recall Mucus Pharmaceutical Preparations Proteins Saline Solution Skin Sterility, Reproductive Sulfate, Atropine Tissue, Adipose Tissues Trachea Tromethamine Ulcer Vaccination Vascular Access Ports Volumes, Packed Erythrocyte
5
Pulmonary Complications in Postoperative Patients
The primary outcome was that the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications, including pneumonia or bronchitis, pulmonary edema, atelectasis, and pleural effusion were recorded within 7 days after surgery. And the Clavien-Dindo classification was used to grade the severity of postoperative pulmonary complications [12 (link)]. In Grade 0, there are no signs of pulmonary complications. Grade 1 included minor risk events not requiring therapy, and the chest radiograph was normal. Grade 2 included moderate to severe cough, bronchospasm, atelectasis, and requiring pharmacological treatment with drugs (pneumonia treated with antibiotics on the ward). Grade 3 postoperative presence or combination of pleural effusion requiring pleural puncture, confirmed pneumonia, pneumothorax, postoperative intubation, and ventilator dependence time ≤ 48 h. Grade 4 postoperative respiratory failure and multiorgan dysfunction (lung failure requiring intubation). Grade 5 is the death of a patient.
Feng A., Lu P., Yang Y., Liu Y., Ma L, & Lv J. (2023). Effect of goal-directed fluid therapy based on plasma colloid osmotic pressure on the postoperative pulmonary complications of older patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. World Journal of Surgical Oncology, 21, 67.
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Publication 2023
Antibiotics, Antitubercular Atelectasis Bronchitis Bronchospasm Cough Intubation Lung Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy Pleura Pleural Effusion Pneumonia Pneumothorax Postoperative Complications Pulmonary Edema Punctures Radiography, Thoracic Respiratory Failure Therapeutics

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More about "Bronchospasm"

Bronchospasm, a sudden and involuntary constriction of the bronchi and bronchioles, is a common respiratory condition that can significantly impact a person's quality of life.
This condition is often associated with various respiratory disorders, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and can be triggered by a range of stimuli, including allergens, irritants, and cold air.
Understanding the underlying mechanisms, risk factors, and appropriate treatment strategies for bronchospasm is crucial for healthcare professionals in the field of respiratory medicine.
Effective management of this condition is essential for maintaining respiratory function and improving patient outcomes.
Synonyms and related terms for bronchospasm include bronchoconstriction, airway obstruction, and airway hyperresponsiveness.
Abbreviations commonly used in the context of bronchospasm include BSPM (bronchospasm) and AHR (airway hyperresponsiveness).
Key subtopics related to bronchospasm include: - Pathophysiology: The mechanisms underlying bronchospasm, such as inflammation, smooth muscle contraction, and airway remodeling. - Risk factors: Factors that may increase the likelihood of developing bronchospasm, such as allergies, exposure to irritants, and genetic predisposition. - Diagnostic tools: Techniques used to assess and diagnose bronchospasm, such as lung function tests, bronchial provocation tests, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. - Treatment options: Pharmacological interventions, including bronchodilators (e.g., Octreotide) and anti-inflammatory medications, as well as non-pharmacological approaches, such as bronchial thermoplasty and breathing exercises. - Monitoring and management: Devices and technologies used to monitor and manage bronchospasm, such as the InnoSpire Deluxe nebulizer, NIOX System for nitric oxide measurement, and statistical software like SPSS v21 and SAS 9.4 for data analysis.
By understanding the comprehensive and multifaceted nature of bronchospasm, healthcare professionals can develop more effective strategies for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition, ultimately improving the quality of life for patients with respiratory disorders.