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> Disorders > Disease or Syndrome > Cardiovascular Diseases

Cardiovascular Diseases

Cardiovascular Diseases are a broad category of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels.
This includes disorders such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, stroke, heart failure, and congenital heart defects.
These diseases can lead to serious health consequences if not properly managed.
Efective treatment and prevention strategies are essential for maintaining cardiovascular health and reducing the burden of these prevalent conditions.
Resesearch in this field aims to advance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and develop more effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Most cited protocols related to «Cardiovascular Diseases»

1
Statin Prescription and Cardiovascular Outcomes
We used data on 9104 patients who were discharged alive following hospitalization with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI or heart attack) from 102 hospitals in Ontario, Canada, between April 1, 1999 and March 31, 2001. These data are similar to those reported on elsewhere [13 (link)–15 (link)], and were collected as part of the Enhanced Feedback for Effective Cardiac Treatment (EFFECT) Study, an initiative focused on improving the quality of care for cardiovascular disease patients in Ontario [16 ]. Data on patient demographics, presenting signs and symptoms, classic cardiac risk factors, comorbid conditions and vascular history, vital signs on admission, and results of laboratory tests, were abstracted directly from patients’ medical records. The exposure of interest was whether the patient was prescribed a statin at hospital discharge. Overall, 3049 (33.5 per cent) of patients received a prescription for a statin at discharge, while 6055 (66.5 per cent) did not receive a prescription at discharge. Table I compares the means of continuous baseline covariates and prevalences of dichotomous baseline covariates between treated and untreated subjects in the original unmatched sample. The prevalence of dichotomous variables was compared between treated and untreated subjects using a Chi-squared test, while a standard two-sample t-test was used to compare continuous baseline covariates.
, & Austin P.C. (2009). Balance diagnostics for comparing the distribution of baseline covariates between treatment groups in propensity-score matched samples. Statistics in Medicine, 28(25), 3083-3107.
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Publication 2009
Blood Vessel Cardiovascular Diseases Diagnosis Heart Hospitalization Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Myocardial Infarction Patient Discharge Patients Quality of Health Care Signs, Vital
2
Hypertension Genomics and Cardiometabomics
Supplementary Materials provide complete methods and include the following sections: study recruitment and phenotyping, adjustment for antihypertensive medications, genotyping, data quality control, genotype imputation, within-cohort association analyses, meta-analyses of discovery and validation stages, stratified analyses by sex and BMI, identification of eSNPs and nsSNPs, metabolomic and lipidomic analyses, CNV analyses, pathway analyses, analyses for non-European ancestries, association of a risk score with hypertension and cardiovascular disease, estimation of numbers of undiscovered variants, measurement of natriuretic peptides, and brief literature reviews and GWAS database lookups of all validated BP loci.
Genetic Variants in Novel Pathways Influence Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. (2011). Nature, 478(7367), 103-109.
Publication 2011
Antihypertensive Agents Cardiovascular Diseases Europeans Genome-Wide Association Study Genotype High Blood Pressures Natriuretic Peptides
3
Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction Outcomes
Definitions of study outcomes are outlined in the Supplementary Appendix. A committee whose members were unaware of the study-group assignments adjudicated the clinical outcomes specified in the protocol. The primary hypothesis was that treatment to reach a systolic blood-pressure target of less than 120 mm Hg, as compared with a target of less than 140 mm Hg, would result in a lower rate of the composite outcome of myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome not resulting in myocardial infarction, stroke, acute decompensated heart failure, or death from cardiovascular causes. Secondary outcomes included the individual components of the primary composite outcome, death from any cause, and the composite of the primary outcome or death from any cause.
We also assessed renal outcomes, using a different definition for patients with chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60 ml per minute per 1.73 m2) at baseline and those without it. The renal outcome in participants with chronic kidney disease at baseline was a composite of a decrease in the eGFR of 50% or more (confirmed by a subsequent laboratory test) or the development of ESRD requiring long-term dialysis or kidney transplantation. In participants without chronic kidney disease at baseline, the renal outcome was defined by a decrease in the eGFR of 30% or more to a value of less than 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m2. Incident albuminuria, defined for all study participants by a doubling of the ratio of urinary albumin (in milligrams) to creatinine (in grams) from less than 10 at baseline to greater than 10 during follow-up, was also a prespecified renal outcome.
Prespecified subgroups of interest for all outcomes were defined according to status with respect to cardiovascular disease at baseline (yes vs. no), status with respect to chronic kidney disease at baseline (yes vs. no), sex, race (black vs. non-black), age (<75 vs. ≥75 years), and baseline systolic blood pressure in three levels (≤132 mm Hg, >132 to <145 mm Hg, and ≥145 mm Hg). We also planned a comparison of the effects of systolic blood-pressure targets on incident dementia, changes in cognitive function, and cerebral small-vessel ischemic disease; these results are not presented here.
A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control. (2015). The New England journal of medicine, 373(22), 2103-2116.
Publication 2015
Acute Coronary Syndrome Albumins Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases Cerebrovascular Accident Chronic Kidney Diseases Cognition Congestive Heart Failure Creatinine Dementia Dialysis EGFR protein, human Kidney Kidney Failure, Chronic Kidney Transplantation Myocardial Infarction Patients Systolic Pressure Urine
4
Genetic Risk Score for Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease
We calculated a weighted genetic risk score (GRS) (Supplementary Table 24) to provide an estimate of the combined effect of the BP raising variants on BP and risk of hypertension and applied this to the UKB data (Supplementary Methods). Our analysis included 423,713 unrelated individuals of European ancestry of whom 392,092 individuals were free of cardiovascular events at baseline.
We assessed the association of the continuous GRS variable on BP and with the risk of hypertension, with and without adjustment for sex. We then compared BP levels and risk of hypertension, respectively, for individuals in the top vs bottom quintiles of the GRS distribution. Similar analyses were performed for the top vs bottom deciles of the GRS distribution. All analyses were restricted to the 392,092 unrelated individuals of European ancestry from UKB. As a sensitivity analysis to assess for evidence of bias in the UKB results, we also carried out similar analyses in Airwave, an independent cohort of N=14,004 unrelated participants of European descent30 (link) (Supplementary Methods).
We calculated the association of the GRS with cardiovascular disease in unrelated participants in UKB data, based on self-reported medical history, and linkage to hospitalization and mortality data (Supplementary Table 25). We use logistic regression with binary outcome variables for composite incident cardiovascular disease (Supplementary Methods), incident myocardial infarction and incident stroke (using the algorithmic UKB definitions) and GRS as explanatory variable (with and without sex adjustment).
We also assessed the association of this GRS with BP in unrelated individuals Africans (N=6,970) and South Asians (N=8,827) from the UKB to see whether BP-associated SNPs identified from GWAS predominantly in Europeans are also associated with BP in populations of non-European ancestry.
We calculated the percentage of variance in BP explained by genetic variants using the independent Airwave cohort (N=14,004) (Supplementary Methods). We considered three different levels of the GRS: (i) all pairwise-independent, LD-filtered (r2 < 0.1) published SNPs within the known loci; (ii) all known SNPs and sentinel SNPs at novel loci; (iii) all independent signals at all 901 known and novel loci including the 163 secondary SNPs.
Evangelou E., Warren H.R., Mosen-Ansorena D., Mifsud B., Pazoki R., Gao H., Ntritsos G., Dimou N., Cabrera C.P., Karaman I., Ng F.L., Evangelou M., Witkowska K., Tzanis E., Hellwege J.N., Giri A., Velez Edwards D.R., Sun Y.V., Cho K., Gaziano J.M., Wilson P.W., Tsao P.S., Kovesdy C.P., Esko T., Mägi R., Milani L., Almgren P., Boutin T., Debette S., Ding J., Giulianini F., Holliday E.G., Jackson A.U., Li-Gao R., Lin W.Y., Luan J., Mangino M., Oldmeadow C., Prins B.P., Qian Y., Sargurupremraj M., Shah N., Surendran P., Thériault S., Verweij N., Willems S.M., Zhao J.H., Amouyel P., Connell J., de Mutsert R., Doney A.S., Farrall M., Menni C., Morris A.D., Noordam R., Paré G., Poulter N.R., Shields D.C., Stanton A., Thom S., Abecasis G., Amin N., Arking D.E., Ayers K.L., Barbieri C.M., Batini C., Bis J.C., Blake T., Bochud M., Boehnke M., Boerwinkle E., Boomsma D.I., Bottinger E.P., Braund P.S., Brumat M., Campbell A., Campbell H., Chakravarti A., Chambers J.C., Chauhan G., Ciullo M., Cocca M., Collins F., Cordell H.J., Davies G., de Borst M.H., de Geus E.J., Deary I.J., Deelen J., Del Greco M.F., Demirkale C.Y., Dörr M., Ehret G.B., Elosua R., Enroth S., Erzurumluoglu A.M., Ferreira T., Frånberg M., Franco O.H., Gandin I., Gasparini P., Giedraitis V., Gieger C., Girotto G., Goel A., Gow A.J., Gudnason V., Guo X., Gyllensten U., Hamsten A., Harris T.B., Harris S.E., Hartman C.A., Havulinna A.S., Hicks A.A., Hofer E., Hofman A., Hottenga J.J., Huffman J.E., Hwang S.J., Ingelsson E., James A., Jansen R., Jarvelin M.R., Joehanes R., Johansson Å., Johnson A.D., Joshi P.K., Jousilahti P., Jukema J.W., Jula A., Kähönen M., Kathiresan S., Keavney B.D., Khaw K.T., Knekt P., Knight J., Kolcic I., Kooner J.S., Koskinen S., Kristiansson K., Kutalik Z., Laan M., Larson M., Launer L.J., Lehne B., Lehtimäki T., Liewald D.C., Lin L., Lind L., Lindgren C.M., Liu Y., Loos R.J., Lopez L.M., Lu Y., Lyytikäinen L.P., Mahajan A., Mamasoula C., Marrugat J., Marten J., Milaneschi Y., Morgan A., Morris A.P., Morrison A.C., Munson P.J., Nalls M.A., Nandakumar P., Nelson C.P., Niiranen T., Nolte I.M., Nutile T., Oldehinkel A.J., Oostra B.A., O'Reilly P.F., Org E., Padmanabhan S., Palmas W., Palotie A., Pattie A., Penninx B.W., Perola M., Peters A., Polasek O., Pramstaller P.P., Nguyen Q.T., Raitakari O.T., Ren M., Rettig R., Rice K., Ridker P.M., Ried J.S., Riese H., Ripatti S., Robino A., Rose L.M., Rotter J.I., Rudan I., Ruggiero D., Saba Y., Sala C.F., Salomaa V., Samani N.J., Sarin A.P., Schmidt R., Schmidt H., Shrine N., Siscovick D., Smith A.V., Snieder H., Sõber S., Sorice R., Starr J.M., Stott D.J., Strachan D.P., Strawbridge R.J., Sundström J., Swertz M.A., Taylor K.D., Teumer A., Tobin M.D., Tomaszewski M., Toniolo D., Traglia M., Trompet S., Tuomilehto J., Tzourio C., Uitterlinden A.G., Vaez A., van der Most P.J., van Duijn C.M., Vergnaud A.C., Verwoert G.C., Vitart V., Völker U., Vollenweider P., Vuckovic D., Watkins H., Wild S.H., Willemsen G., Wilson J.F., Wright A.F., Yao J., Zemunik T., Zhang W., Attia J.R., Butterworth A.S., Chasman D.I., Conen D., Cucca F., Danesh J., Hayward C., Howson J.M., Laakso M., Lakatta E.G., Langenberg C., Melander O., Mook-Kanamori D.O., Palmer C.N., Risch L., Scott R.A., Scott R.J., Sever P., Spector T.D., van der Harst P., Wareham N.J., Zeggini E., Levy D., Munroe P.B., Newton-Cheh C., Brown M.J., Metspalu A., Hung A.M., O’Donnell C.J., Edwards T.L., Psaty B.M., Tzoulaki I., Barnes M.R., Wain L.V., Elliott P, & Caulfield M.J. (2018). Genetic analysis of over one million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits. Nature genetics, 50(10), 1412-1425.
Publication 2018
African People Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Cerebrovascular Accident Childbirth Europeans Genetic Diversity Genome-Wide Association Study High Blood Pressures Hospitalization Hypersensitivity Myocardial Infarction Population Group Single Nucleotide Polymorphism South Asian People Strains
5
Identifying COVID-19 Mortality Risk Factors

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Publication 2020
Adult BLOOD Cardiovascular Diseases COVID 19 Creatine Kinase Critical Illness D-Alanine Transaminase Emergencies Ferritin fibrin fragment D Heart Heart Disease, Coronary Hypersensitivity Inpatient Lactate Dehydrogenase Lymphocyte Count Lymphopenia Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Patients Serum Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Survivors Troponin I

Most recents protocols related to «Cardiovascular Diseases»

1
Covariate Adjustment and Propensity Scoring in SGLT2i Research
To mitigate risk of confounding, we assessed and adjusted for > 30 baseline covariates that were assessed in the 12-month period prior to and including the index date. These covariates included patient sociodemographics (e.g., age at medication initiation, biological sex, and race, calendar year), complications of diabetes (e.g., diabetic neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy), oral and injectable glucose lowering therapies (e.g., metformin, sulfonylureas, insulin), diagnosis of cardiovascular conditions (e.g., myocardial infarction, stroke, HF), and cardiovascular medication use (e.g., dispensing of β-blockers, loop diuretics, statins). Frailty status was ascertained using the claims based frailty index, and using a threshold of ≥ 0.25 to define frailty [23 (link)].
Propensity scores were estimated using a logistic regression that modelled the probability of initiating SGLT2i (exposure) versus a non-gliflozin medication (control) conditional on the baseline covariates. These propensity scores were then used to estimate stabilized inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTW) to account for imbalances in patient characteristics [24 (link)].
Gonzalez J., Bates B.A., Setoguchi S., Gerhard T, & Dave C.V. (2023). Cardiovascular outcomes with SGLT2 inhibitors versus DPP4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 22, 54.
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Publication 2023
Biopharmaceuticals Cardiovascular Agents Cardiovascular Diseases Cerebrovascular Accident Complications of Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Neuropathies Diagnosis Glucose Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Insulin Kidney Diseases Loop Diuretics Metformin Myocardial Infarction Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Retinal Diseases Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors Sulfonylurea Compounds
2
Socioeconomic Status and Food Insecurity Survey
Face-to-face and door-to-door interviews were conducted with household heads after completing informed consent forms. Some general information within each household was collected, such as the head of the household’s age, education level (illiterate, primary, secondary, or high school, diploma, and college), employment status (unemployed, employed, self-employed, pensioner), the number of family members. Their socioeconomic status was calculated considering possession of 9 specific items, including home, personal vehicle, washing machine, LCD TV, dishwasher, refrigerator, handmade rug, laptop, and microwave. Based on the number of items possessed by households, the socioeconomic status was categorized into three groups, low (3 items or less), moderate (4 to 6 items), and high (more than 7 items) [25 ]. In addition, they were asked whether they had chronic diseases (at least one of the non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and cancer), a vulnerable group member in the household (child under 6, adolescent, disabled member, pregnant, handicapped, and elderly), receive financial help from the charity, the portion of income allocated to food purchase, covid-19-induced poverty (including job loss, reduced income, and reduced food purchase), and marital status. The heads of households completed the validated HFIAS (Household Food Insecurity Access Scale) questionnaire to assess food insecurity [26 (link)]. The FAO Indicator Guide was used to score a nine-item HFIAS questionnaire [27 ]. The results were categorized into mild/moderate and severe to make the results more understandable and more appropriate for interventions for policymakers.
Joulaei H., Keshani P., Foroozanfar Z., Afrashteh S., Hosseinkhani Z., Mohsenpour M.A., Moghimi G, & Homayouni Meymandi A. (2023). Food insecurity status and its contributing factors in slums’ dwellers of southwest Iran, 2021: a cross-sectional study. Archives of Public Health, 81, 38.
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Publication 2023
Adolescent Aged Cardiovascular Diseases Child COVID 19 Diabetes Mellitus Disease, Chronic Face Family Member Food Head of Household Households Kidney Diseases Malignant Neoplasms Microwaves Noncommunicable Diseases
3
IHS Teleophthalmology Diabetes Screening
The IHS teleophthalmology program records patient demographics (age, sex [self-reported]) and known DR risk factors in templates used by the imagers and graders, taking data from the IHS electronic medical record patient summary. Risk factors recorded include glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, diabetes therapy, duration of diabetes (but not diabetes type), hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hypercholesterolemia, peripheral neuropathy, and nephropathy. The program also records the clinic where the imaging occurred and whether UWFI or NMFP was used. We created measures indicating whether UWFI (vs NMFP) was used at baseline only, follow-up only, both examinations, or never. IHS administrative areas (derived from clinic addresses) are shown to describe the geographical distribution of the cohort.
Fonda S.J., Bursell S.E., Lewis D.G., Clary D., Shahon D, & Cavallerano J. (2023). Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in American Indian and Alaska Native Individuals Served by the Indian Health Service, 2015-2019. JAMA Ophthalmology, 141(4), 366-375.
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Publication 2023
Cardiovascular Diseases Diabetes Mellitus Glycated Hemoglobin A1c High Blood Pressures Hypercholesterolemia Kidney Diseases Patients Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Physical Examination Therapeutics
4
Recurrent Rectal Prolapse: Surgical Outcomes
This study was conducted at Chonnam National University Hospital from March 2016 to February 2021 on a total of 41 patients who underwent elective surgery for recurrent rectal prolapse. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Chonnam National University Hospital (No. 2021-107) and written informed consent was waived due to its retrospective nature.
The inclusion criteria of patients were as follows: (a) patients who underwent previous rectal prolapse surgery in our hospital; (b) patients 18 years and older; (c) patients diagnosed with recurrent rectal prolapse through additional examinations. The recurrence was evaluated by performing a digital rectal exam and/or defecography when the patient visited the outpatient clinic at 2 weeks and 3 months after surgery. Defecography was performed when abnormal findings were observed or the patient complained of recurrence of symptoms.
The patient’s baseline characteristics included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status (PS) classification, type of previous surgery, and preoperative comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, lung disease, alcohol consumption, and smoking history). The follow-up period was defined as the period from the second surgery to the present, and the recurrence period was defined as the period from the first surgery to recurrence. Postoperative complications, such as urinary difficulty, ileus, bleeding, and sexual dysfunction, were obtained through physical examination and history taking during hospitalization after surgery and outpatient treatment after discharge.
Chung J.S., Ju J.K, & Kwak H.D. (2023). Comparison of abdominal and perineal approach for recurrent rectal prolapse. Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research, 104(3), 150-155.
Publication 2023
Anesthesiologist Cardiovascular Diseases Care, Ambulatory Defecography Diabetes Mellitus Elective Surgical Procedures Ethics Committees, Research Fingers High Blood Pressures Hospitalization Ileus Index, Body Mass Lung Diseases Operative Surgical Procedures Patient Discharge Patients Physical Examination Postoperative Complications Rectal Prolapse Rectum Recurrence Urine
5
COVID-19 Burden on Iranian Patients
This retrospective cohort study was conducted on hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Iran. Data of hospitalized COVID-19 patients were obtained from the Iranian COVID-19 registry, which included about 1.2 million patients from February 1st, 2020, to June 8th, 2021. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was made based on the results of Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reactions (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2, or lung Computed Tomography (CT) scan. All patients received supportive and antiviral treatment according to the national guidelines. Extracted variables from the Iranian COVID-19 registry consisted of age, sex, admission date, chronic comorbidities, length of hospital stay, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, ventilation therapy, and death. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), diabetes mellitus (DM), and malignancies were inspected as chronic comorbidities. Claimed prescriptions data were retrieved from Iran Health Insurance Organization (IHIO), including medication names and quantities of prescriptions for the years 2018 and 2019. To investigate the burden on both COVID-19 patients and the healthcare system, outcome measures with the most prominent health and economic impacts were included in this study. The primary outcome of this study was death, and secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay, ICU admission, and ventilation therapy.
Malekpour M.R., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Shojaee A., Saeedi Moghaddam S., Ghamari S.H., Rashidi M.M., Namazi Shabestari A., Effatpanah M., Nasehi M., Rezaei M, & Farzadfar F. (2023). Effect of the chronic medication use on outcome measures of hospitalized COVID-19 patients: Evidence from big data. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1061307.
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Publication 2023
Antiviral Agents Cardiovascular Diseases COVID 19 Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis Disease, Chronic Health Insurance Lung Malignant Neoplasms Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Prescriptions Radionuclide Imaging Respiration Disorders Respiratory Rate Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutics X-Ray Computed Tomography

Top products related to «Cardiovascular Diseases»

1
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More about "Cardiovascular Diseases"

Cardiovascular conditions, heart diseases, vascular disorders, circulatory system ailments.
These encompass a wide range of issues affecting the heart and blood vessels, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, stroke, heart failure, and congenital defects.
These prevalent conditions can have serious health consequences if not properly managed.
Effective prevention and treatment strategies are crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and reducing the burden of these diseases.
Research in this field, utilizing tools like SAS version 9.4, SPSS Statstics, and Stata version 15, aims to advance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and develop more effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
By leveraging AI-driven comparisons from PubCompare.ai, researchers can identify the best protocols and products from literature, pre-prints, and patents, helping to optimize cardiovascular disease research and improve reproducibility.
This multifaceted approach is essential for addressing the complex challenges posed by cardiovascular diseases and improving outcomes for patients.