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> Disorders > Disease or Syndrome > Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral Palsy is a group of permanent movement and posture disorders caused by a non-progressive brain injury or abnormality that occurs during fetal development or early childhood.
It can affect muscle tone, movement, and motor skills, leading to lifelong physical and sometimes cognitive challenges.
PubCompare.ai's AI-powered platform can help researchers optimize their Cerebral Palsy studies by easily locating the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, while using advanced comparisons to enhance reproducibility and accuracy.
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Most cited protocols related to «Cerebral Palsy»

1
ADOS Severity Metrics Calibration
For comparability, the same sample used to standardize the overall ADOS total (see Gotham et al. 2009 (link)) was also employed to calibrate separate severity metrics for the Social Affect (SA) and Restricted, Repetitive Behavior (RRB) domains. Briefly, this included data from 1,415 individuals ranging in age from 2 to 16 years. With repeated assessments for 25 % of the sample, data from 2,195 ADOSes with contemporaneous best estimate clinical diagnoses were available for analysis. Of these assessments, 1,786 cases were given an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis (ASD; 1,187 Autistic Disorder, 599 Other-ASD) and 409 had a Non-ASD diagnosis. Non-ASD diagnoses included language disorders (27 %), nonspecific intellectual disability (20 %), Down syndrome (14 %), oppositional defiant disorder or ADD/ADHD (13 %), mood or anxiety disorders (8 %), Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (7 %), other genetic or physical disabilities, such as Fragile X or mild cerebral palsy (6 %) and early developmental delays (5 %).
Individuals were consecutive referrals to specialty clinics in Ann Arbor, Michigan and Chicago, Illinois, and participants in research studies conducted through the University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill, University of Chicago, and University of Michigan. All participants provided informed consent and all procedures related to this project were approved by institutional review boards at the University of Chicago or University of Michigan. Sample characteristics are provided in Table 1.
Hus V., Gotham K, & Lord C. (2014). Standardizing ADOS Domain Scores: Separating Severity of Social Affect and Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 44(10), 2400-2412.
Publication 2012
Adenosine Anxiety Disorders Autistic Disorder Cerebral Palsy Childbirth Diagnosis Disabled Persons Disorder, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Down Syndrome Ethics Committees, Research Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Intellectual Disability Language Disorders Mood Oppositional Defiant Disorder Physical Examination
2
Musculoskeletal Modeling for Gait Analysis

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Publication 2011
Acceleration Adult Biceps Femoris Cadaver Cerebral Palsy Child Epistropheus Femur Foot Generic Drugs Gomphosis Gravitation Gravity Head Hip Joint Joints Joints, Ankle Knee Joint Muscle, Gastrocnemius Muscle Tissue Pelvis Plant Roots Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Semimembranosus Tibia Torso Vastus Intermedius Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis Vertebrae, Lumbar
3
Developing Cerebral Palsy Diagnosis Guideline
We conducted a systematic review to develop an international clinical practice guideline in accord with the World Health Organization’s Handbook for Guideline Development15 and the Institute of Medicine’s standards.16 We followed the Equator Network reporting recommendations outlined in the Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument17 (link) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement.18 We systematically searched MEDLINE (1956–2016), EMBASE (1980–2016), CINAHL (1983–2016), and the Cochrane Library (1988–2016) and hand searched using the following terms: cerebral palsy, diagnosis, detection, prediction, identification, predictive validity, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. We included systematic reviews with or without meta-analyses, criteria of diagnostic accuracy, and evidence-based clinical guidelines. Quality was appraised using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) methodological rating checklist for systematic reviews of diagnostic accuracy.19 (link)The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework was used to assess quality and formulate recommendations along a 4-part continuum, including strong for, conditional for, conditional against, and strong against.20 (link) As per the GRADE method, we weighed (1) the balance between desirable and undesirable consequences of different management strategies or not acting; (2) family preferences, including benefits vs risks and inconvenience; and (3) cost. Recommendations were discussed face-to-face among all authors, and the manuscript was reviewed, edited, and agreed on by all coauthors. Authors were clinicians involved in the diagnosis of cerebral palsy, including neurologists, pediatricians, neonatologists, rehabilitation specialists, general practitioners, neuroradiologists, psychiatrists, physical therapists, psychologists, occupational therapists, speech pathologists, nurses, and early educators. Individuals with cerebral palsy and parents also contributed as equal authors, ensuring that recommendations addressed their views and preferences.
Novak I., Morgan C., Adde L., Blackman J., Boyd R.N., Brunstrom-Hernandez J., Cioni G., Damiano D., Darrah J., Eliasson A.C., de Vries L.S., Einspieler C., Fahey M., Fehlings D., Ferriero D.M., Fetters L., Fiori S., Forssberg H., Gordon A.M., Greaves S., Guzzetta A., Hadders-Algra M., Harbourne R., Kakooza-Mwesige A., Karlsson P., Krumlinde-Sundholm L., Latal B., Loughran-Fowlds A., Maitre N., McIntyre S., Noritz G., Pennington L., Romeo D.M., Shepherd R., Spittle A.J., Thornton M., Valentine J., Walker K., White R, & Badawi N. (2017). Early, Accurate Diagnosis and Early Intervention in Cerebral Palsy Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment. JAMA pediatrics, 171(9), 897-907.
Publication 2017
cDNA Library Cerebral Palsy Diagnosis Face General Practitioners Hypersensitivity Neonatologists Neurologists Nurses Occupational Therapist Parent Pathologists Pediatricians Physical Therapist Psychiatrist Rehabilitation Specialists Speech Tests, Diagnostic
4
Longitudinal Study of Nursing Home Residents
This study was a longitudinal analysis of a representative sample of nursing home residents in one US state. MDS assessments for residents with a length of stay of greater than 90 days in the year 2002 were collected from a US National Resident Assessment Instrument database (n = 66,742) and follow-up data were extracted at three and six months [21 ]. We chose three month intervals between assessments to enable more precise examination of the rate and direction of change than is available in many longitudinal studies with assessment intervals of a year or more [22 (link),23 ]. Residents with an expectation of being discharged prior to 90 days were excluded (n = 1998).
In order to minimise the effect of factors, other than cognitive impairment, in relation to change in ADL, residents were excluded if they had specific co-morbid diseases or conditions, or received specific treatments. These included history of learning disability, decreased auditory and visual acuity, problems with expressive speech, hypotension, seizure disorder, traumatic brain injury, manic depression, schizophrenia, HIV infection, septicaemia, weight fluctuation, inability to lay flat due to shortness of breath, dehydration, insufficient fluid consumption, internal bleeding, recurrent lung aspiration, end stage of disease, feeding by parenteral/IV or feeding tube, treatment including chemotherapy, radiation, tracheotomy care, transfusion, ventilator, for alcohol/drug problems, hospice care and respite care. Residents with concurrent or pre-existing limitations to mobility such as hip fracture, missing limb, bone fracture, cerebral palsy, stroke, hemiplegia/paresis, multiple sclerosis, paraplegia, Parkinson disease, or quadriplegia were also excluded. After applying these exclusions, the total number of residents available for study was 21,670. The most common reasons for exclusion were stroke (23%), presence of a learning disability (19%), impaired vision (10%) and hip fracture (5%). Nearly 40% of the sample had two or more of these exclusion criteria.
Carpenter G.I., Hastie C.L., Morris J.N., Fries B.E, & Ankri J. (2006). Measuring change in activities of daily living in nursing home residents with moderate to severe cognitive impairment. BMC Geriatrics, 6, 7.
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Publication 2006
Alcohol Problem Aspiration Pneumonia Auditory Perception Bipolar Disorder Blood Transfusion Cerebral Palsy Cerebrovascular Accident Dehydration Disorders, Cognitive Dyspnea Epilepsy Fracture, Bone Hemiplegia Hip Fractures HIV Infections Hospice Care Learning Disabilities Mobility Limitation Multiple Sclerosis Paraplegia Paresis Parkinson Disease Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy Quadriplegia Radiotherapy Respite Care Schizophrenia Septicemia Speech Tracheotomy Traumatic Brain Injury Tube Feeding Visual Acuity
5
Autism Assessment Profiles and Diagnoses
The sample included data from 393 different individual participants. Some participants had repeated assessments, yielding a total of 437 cases. Each case was defined by an ADOS and best estimate clinical diagnosis; 29 participants provided data for multiple cases (M=2.52, SD=1.06, range=2–6) based on evaluations conducted at different points in time. The majority of participants (n=319) were research participants and clinic referrals for assessment of possible autism to the University of Chicago Developmental Disorders Clinic (UCDDC), the University of Michigan Autism and Communication Disorders Center (UMACC), or the New York Presbyterian Center for Autism and the Developing Brain (CADB) at Weill-Cornell. Seventy-four participants were evaluated as part of the Simons Simplex Collection (SSC; Fischbach & Lord 2011), a multi-site genetic study. Approximately 80% of the sample was male and 83% Caucasian. Inclusion/Exclusion criteria varied by research study. However, individuals with significant hearing, vision or motor problems that interfered with standardized testing or who were exhibiting active psychosis or uncontrolled seizures at the time of assessment were excluded from each study. Participants in the SSC were also required to meet Collaborative Programs for Excellence in Autism criteria for ASD (see Hus et al., 2013 (link) for details) and were excluded if the individual had a diagnosis of Fragile X syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, Down syndrome or significant early medical history. Additionally, SSC participants could not have any first, second or third degree relatives with ASD or a sibling with substantial language or psychological problems related to ASD. Ages ranged from 9.92 to 62.25 years at the time of assessment (mean=21.56, standard deviation=8.62 years).
Of the 437 cases, 177 had clinical diagnoses of autism (40% of entire sample), 170 Other-ASD (i.e., PDD-NOS or Asperger’s; 39%), and 90 Non-ASD diagnoses (21%). The Non-ASD sample was comprised of both clinical referrals and individuals recruited to research studies as controls. In addition to having first ruled-out an ASD diagnosis, 84% of non-ASD participants received a primary diagnosis of a non-ASD DSM-IV-TR disorder; 30% had a primary diagnosis of mood and/or anxiety disorders, 26% had non-specific intellectual disability, 14% had externalizing behavioral disorders (e.g., ADHD/ODD), 5% had Down syndrome or Fragile X, 4% had language disorders, 1% had Fetal Alcohol syndrome, 1% had Cerebral Palsy and 3% of cases had unspecified difficulties. The remaining 16% of Non-ASD sample did not meet criteria for a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis at the time of assessment; 64% of these individuals (n=9) had had a previous diagnosis of ASD and 36% (n=5) had had a previous Non-ASD diagnosis. There was no significant difference in ADOS totals between the 9 individuals with previous ASD diagnoses and the remaining non-ASD group (data available from authors upon request). Table 1 provides a more detailed sample description.
Hus V, & Lord C. (2014). The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Module 4: Revised Algorithm and Standardized Severity Scores. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 44(8), 1996-2012.
Publication 2014
Adenosine Anxiety Disorders Autistic Disorder Behavior Disorders Brain Caucasoid Races Cerebral Palsy Communicative Disorders Developmental Disabilities Diagnosis Disorder, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Down Syndrome Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Fragile X Syndrome Intellectual Disability Language Disorders Males Mood Multiple Birth Offspring Psychotic Disorders Seizures Tuberous Sclerosis

Most recents protocols related to «Cerebral Palsy»

1
Family Experiences of Autism Spectrum Disorders in China
This study used data from the Survey on Family Circumstances and Demand for Support and Resources among Autistic Children in China (FCDSR). It was a survey that was distributed to members of the AlsoLife online patient community. The Quality Assurance staff at the China Association of Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons (CARDP) reviewed the survey for editorial and technical suggestions, which aimed to describe the family information, treatment, rehabilitation subsidies, and health expenditure of children with ASD. The other details of the survey have been described elsewhere (24 (link)). We did not use a sampling design because there is no nationwide ASD survey in China. A pilot field study (N = 20) was conducted to refine the instrument and data collection procedures, and the results indicated that respondents generally understood the questionnaire, so only minor wording changes were made.
The online survey was completed by parents and guardians of people with ASD or DD, of which 78.1% were mothers, 19.7% were fathers, and 2.2% were other guardians. Additionally, ASD advocacy and family support networks were used to distribute and directly encourage survey participation. During the questionnaire collection and data cleaning process, data with obvious errors or omissions were removed. A total of 8,014 households were analyzed, with 4,849 households included in this study, in which 4,138 households had children with ASD and 711 households had children with DD. Families with children diagnosed or suspected of having ASD or DD were invited to participate if their children met the following criteria: (1) age 1–6 years and diagnosed or suspected of having ASD through a hospital diagnosis; (2) diagnosing hospital and diagnosing hospital department both having diagnostic qualifications. Exclusion criteria were patients with physical disabilities, cerebral palsy, or epilepsy as comorbidities. The selection procedure is depicted in Figure 1. Thirty-one provinces and a total of 385 cities in China were included. Given the lack of a large-scale survey of children with ASD or DD in China, the second national sample survey of disabled people in China could also be used as a reference. These samples are representative (see Supplementary Tables 1, 2).
Zhao Y., Luo Y., Zhang R, & Zheng X. (2023). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on emotional and behavioral problems of children with autism spectrum disorder and developmental delay aged 1–6 years in China. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1134396.
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Publication 2023
Autistic Disorder Cerebral Palsy Child Diagnosis Disabled Persons Epilepsy Fathers Households Legal Guardians Mothers Parent Patients Physical Examination Rehabilitation
2
Comprehensive Cerebral Palsy Assessment
We will collect relevant variables from the NINDS Common Data Elements (43 ) (CDEs) for Cerebral Palsy, including: General Demographics, Social Status, Pregnancy & Perinatal History, Medical History, Motor Development History, Neurological Exam, Rehabilitation Therapies, Gross Motor Function Classification System at 18 months of age (3 (link)), and the Manual Ability Classification System at 18 months of age (44 (link)).
Prosser L.A., Skorup J., Pierce S.R., Jawad A.F., Fagg A.H., Kolobe T.H, & Smith B.A. (2023). Locomotor learning in infants at high risk for cerebral palsy: A study protocol. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 11, 891633.
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Publication 2023
Cerebral Palsy Rehabilitation
3
Survey of Chinese Parents of Special Children
The Participants of this survey study were Chinese parents of special children refer to mental retardation, limb disorder, hearing impairment, autism, cerebral palsy and other types. This study conducted an online questionnaire to parents of special children in Hangzhou Green Apple Kindergarten in March 2020. A total of 305 questionnaires were distributed. After excluding missing data, a total of 283 questionnaires were included in this study. Two hundred eighty-three participants information see Table 1, and the study flow chart see Figure 1.
Xu J, & Tang J. (2023). Social support as a mediator between anxiety and quality of sleep among Chinese parents of special children. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1077596.
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Publication 2023
Autistic Disorder Cerebral Palsy Child Chinese Hearing Impairment Intellectual Disability Parent
4
Enrollment Criteria for ASD and DLD in Children
The enrollment criteria for children with ASD without GDD: ①met the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) [28 (link)], and were diagnosed by 2 deputy chief physicians and above specialists. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) and Children Neuropsychological and Behavioral Scale-Revision (CNBS-R2016) were conducted by one professional reviewer; ②no more than one functional domain with a Developmental Quotient (DQ) < 70 in the evaluation results of the CNBS-R2016 [29 (link)]. Exclusion criteria: ①Fragile X Syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, cerebral paralysis, epilepsy, schizophrenia, mood disorders, hearing impairment;②abnormal karyotype, appearance deformities, Brain MRI and EEG abnormalities, and other neurological or somatic diseases. The enrollment standard for children with DLD: ①met the diagnostic criteria for DSM-V; ②DQ of language ≤85, DQ of gross motor, fine motor, adaptability, and social behavior ≥70 [30 (link)]. ASD, developmental delay, genetic differences, vision, hearing abnormalities, central nervous system disorders, and second language development disorders were excluded [31 (link)].
Chang X., Sun L, & Li R. (2023). Application of symbolic play test in identification of autism spectrum disorder without global developmental delay and developmental language disorder. BMC Psychiatry, 23, 138.
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Publication 2023
Adenosine Autistic Disorder Brain Central Nervous System Diseases Cerebral Palsy Child Congenital Abnormality Diagnosis Diploid Cell Epilepsy Fragile X Syndrome Hearing Impairment Language Development Language Development Disorders Mood Disorders Physicians R2016 Reproduction Schizophrenia Specialists Tuberous Sclerosis Vision
5
Young People with Chronic Conditions
Young people (16 to 25 years) who undergo treatment for a chronic, somatic condition were invited to participate. They were recruited using an recruitment call placed on the website of JongPIT, a Dutch foundation for and led by young people with a chronic condition. In total, ten young people participated in this study (Table 1). They had different chronic conditions, such as diabetes, rheumatism, cerebral palsy and scoliosis.

Participants

Participants
Total (N)10
Gender (n)
 Female7
 Male3
Age (years)
 Mean21.7
 Min-max17–25
van Schelven F., van der Meulen E., Wessels E, & Boeije H.R. (2023). Let Us Talk Treatment: Using a Digital Body Map Tool to Examine Treatment Burden and Coping Strategies Among Young People with a Chronic Condition. Patient preference and adherence, 17, 517-529.
Publication 2023
Cerebral Palsy Chronic Condition Collagen Diseases Diabetes Mellitus Diploid Cell Disease, Chronic Scoliosis

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More about "Cerebral Palsy"

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a group of permanent, non-progressive neurological disorders that impact movement, muscle tone, and motor skills.
It is caused by a brain injury or abnormality that occurs during fetal development or early childhood.
CP can lead to lifelong physical and, in some cases, cognitive challenges.
The condition is often categorized into different types based on the affected areas of the body and the severity of symptoms.
These include spastic CP (the most common type), dyskinetic CP, ataxic CP, and mixed CP.
Symptoms may include stiff muscles, uncontrolled movements, poor balance and coordination, and difficulties with speech, swallowing, and vision.
Researchers studying CP can leverage advanced tools and software to optimize their research.
PubCompare.ai's AI-powered platform, for example, can help locate the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, while using advanced comparisons to enhance reproducibility and accuracy.
Other software like SAS 9.4, Embase, CINAHL, SPSS (versions 18.0, 22.0, and Windows), R, and STATA 11 can also be valuable for data analysis, modeling, and visualization.
By understanding the nuances of CP and utilizing the right research tools, scientists can advance our understanding of this complex condition and develop more effective interventions to improve the quality of life for those affected.
Experience smarter, more informed research with the help of innovative platforms and software solutions.