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Dermatitis, Atopic

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by recurrent, itchy rashes.
It typically begins in childhood and is often associated with other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever.
The exact cause is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors that lead to skin barrier dysfunction and immune system dysregulation.
Symptoms may include red, dry, itchy skin, which can become thickened and discolored with repeated scratching.
Effective management often requires a multifaceted approach, including moisturizers, topical medications, and addressing triggering factors.
While there is no cure, proper treatment can help control symtoms and prevent flare-ups.

Most cited protocols related to «Dermatitis, Atopic»

1
Assessing Atopic Eczema Severity with POEM
This was an open, prospective study of adult and paediatric patients with atopic eczema defined according to the U.K. Working Party's refinement of the Hanifin and Rajka diagnostic criteria, recruited from primary and secondary care.13 (link) The POEM was used to measure atopic eczema severity against two global anchor questions (GQ1 and GQ2) relating to disease severity (Fig. 2). GQ1 was used as the primary outcome measure. Approval for the study was given by the local Research and Development departments.
It was estimated that 1000 questionnaires would be needed to categorize accurately the POEM scores into five bands, based on the normal distribution of POEM scores, and previous studies used to categorize patient-based scores using this method.14 (link) In order to include patients from a diverse social and ethnic background, recruitment was carried out from two geographically distant U.K. dermatology outpatient departments (Royal Devon and Exeter Foundation Trust and Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust) and six general practice surgeries in Devon, covering both urban and rural locations.
Charman C., Venn A., Ravenscroft J, & Williams H. (2013). Translating Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) scores into clinical practice by suggesting severity strata derived using anchor-based methods. The British Journal of Dermatology, 169(6), 1326-1332.
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Publication 2013
Adult Dermatitis, Atopic Diagnosis Ethnicity Outpatients Patients Secondary Care
2
Guideline for Atopic Dermatitis Diagnosis and Assessment

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Publication 2013
Asthma Biological Markers cDNA Library Dermatitis, Atopic Dermatitis, Atopic, 2 Diagnosis Disorder, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Eczema Food Allergy Malignant Neoplasms Patients Physicians, Family physiology Primary Health Care Prognosis Rhinitis, Allergic Sleep
3
Longitudinal Assessment of Baltimore Neighborhoods
The first wave of this longitudinal study was conducted between June and November of 2005 in a stratified sample of Baltimore City’s 242 residential neighborhood statistical areas using a 75-item NIfETy instrument. Items were organized into seven theoretical domains: (1) Physical Layout; (2) Types of Dwellings; (3) Adult Activity; (4) Youth Activity; (5) Physical Order and Disorder; (6) Social Order and Disorder; and (7) Violence and ATOD Indicators. Modifications were made to the NIfETy before it was re-fielded in Wave 2 (Spring 2006) and Wave 3 (Summer 2006). Enhanced programming features were added to the PDA program (e.g., adding automatic skip patterns/screen advances, forced choice formats with non-logical values prohibited, etc.) and a number of non-analysis quality control variables and substantive analysis variables were added, deleted, or modified, resulting in 110 quantitative items (presented in Table 2).
Waves 2 (February–May 2006) and 3 (June–September 2006) were exact replications of the Wave 1 study and methods. A total of 845 block faces were surveyed in Wave 2. These included 447 randomly selected blocks, hereafter referred to as ‘census blocks’ and 398 block faces where youth in the Baltimore Prevention Program (BPP) resided. There were 919 blocks surveyed in Wave 3 (447 census blocks and 472 BPP blocks). Raters were blind to the expected outcomes of this study, that is they were trained to conduct the assessment but not told of expected outcomes of the study. Only one night rating was assessed per block, although most raters were accompanied by a partner for safety and efficiency. Night ratings inventory a subset of 35 of the 110 items. The current metrics are limited to the full daylight ratings. Detailed descriptions of the methodology are discussed in Furr-Holden et al. (2008) (link).
Furr-Holden C., Campbell K., Milam A., Smart M., Ialongo N, & Leaf P. (2010). Metric Properties of the Neighborhood Inventory for Environmental Typology (NIfETy): An Environmental Assessment Tool for Measuring Indicators of Violence, Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Exposures. Evaluation review, 34(3), 159-184.
Publication 2010
Adult Dermatitis, Atopic DNA Replication Face Physical Examination Preventive Health Programs Safety Visually Impaired Persons Youth
4
Nationwide Trends in Allergic Diseases in Korea
KNHANES is a series of stratified, multistage probability series of surveys conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), designed to be a nationally representative health information survey of the Korean population. KNHANES sampling procedures were performed to account for sample weights (primary sample unit, household, and person), stratification, and clustering to provide nationally representative estimates [11 (link)]. Moreover, every year population sample represents the total Korean civilian population [12 (link)]. The survey included a health interview and a physical examination.
The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the KCDC (2008-04EXP-01-C, 2009-01CON-03-2C, 2010-02CON-21-C, 2011-02CON-06-C, 2012-01EXP-01-2C, 2013-07CON-03-4C, 2013-12EXP-03-5C, 2015-01-02-6C), and written informed consent was provided by all participants.
We used data obtained from the KNHANES from 2008 to 2017 to estimate the prevalence and 10-year trends in the following allergic diseases: asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. From 2008 to 2017, a total of 85,006 subjects (2,131 infants, younger than 2 years; 4,352 preschool children, 2 to 5 years; 12,919 school-age children, 6 to 18 years; 44,200 adults, 19 to 59 years; and 21,404 elderly adults, 60 years or more) participated in the surveys [13 (link)].
The presence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis were defined by affirmative answers to the following question [12 (link),14 (link)]: “Have you ever been diagnosed with asthma/allergic rhinitis/atopic dermatitis by a doctor?” The region of residence for each subject was grouped as follows: rural (Gangwon, Chungbuk, Chungnam, Jeonbuk, Jeonnam, Gyeongbuk, Gyeong nam, and Jeju) and urban (Seoul, Gyeonggi, Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwang ju, Daejeon, Ulsan, and Sejong) [12 (link)]. Body mass index was cal culated in kilograms per square meter and categorized as: normal (children, less than 85 percentile; adults, less than 25 kg/m2) and obese (children, more than 85 percentile; adults, more than 25 kg/m2) according to age- and sex-specific equations based on the 2007 Korean national growth charts [15 (link),16 ].
We used data obtained from the KNHANES from 2008 to 2017 to calculate the total allergic disease prevalence (asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis), stratified by age group (infants, preschool children, school-age children, adults, and the elderly). Data were analyzed using weighted complex sampling analysis, using the chi-square test and binomial or linear logistic regression, and presented as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), or β-coefficients with 95% CIs. These analyses were performed using IBM SPSS ver. 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) [17 (link)]. The estimated β (95% CI) and P for the trends (linear trend) were calculated using linear regression and the estimated OR (95% CI) and P value (quadratic trend) were considered using binomial regression.
This analysis included the KNHANES cycle (2008 to 2009, 2010 to 2012, 2013 to 2015, and 2016 to 2017) as a continuous variable. The estimated ORs (95% CI) and P values were calculated using binomial regression and this analysis included the KNHANES cycle (2016 to 2017 vs. first cycle). A P value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Ha J., Lee S.W, & Yon D.K. (2020). Ten-Year trends and prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis among the Korean population, 2008–2017. Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics, 63(7), 278-283.
Publication 2020
Adult Aged Age Groups Asthma Child Child, Preschool Dermatitis, Atopic Ethics Committees, Research Households Hypersensitivity Index, Body Mass Infant Koreans Obesity Physical Examination Physicians Population Health Rhinitis, Allergic Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial Youth
5
Allergen Exposure and Allergic Outcomes in Children

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Publication 2008
Allergens anti-IgE Asthma Child Cockroaches Common Cold Dermatitis, Atopic Diagnosis Eczema Environmental Exposure Ethnicity Eye Mothers Mus Nicotiana tabacum Pharmaceutical Preparations Physicians Pruritus Rhinitis Rhinorrhea Smoke Wheezing

Most recents protocols related to «Dermatitis, Atopic»

1
Childhood Asthma and Antibiotic Exposure
To answer the research question ‘what is the relationship between asthma occurrence in children and antecedents of systemic antibiotic use in the first year of life?’ this study aims to estimate current incidence density of first asthma occurrence as a function of antecedents of systemic antibiotic use in the first year of life in the domain ‘children’ (i.e. persons between birth and puberty). The ‘primary endpoint’ of this study is the incidence density ratio (IDR) as a measure of the strength of the association. In order to allow for a causal interpretation, sex, parental education, breast feeding for at least 6 months, lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), paracetamol (acetaminophen) use in the first year of life, day-care attendance, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), parental asthma and atopic dermatitis prior to onset were considered either as modifiers or confounders.
Bentouhami H., Bungwa M.K., Casas L., Coenen S, & Weyler J. (2023). Asthma occurrence in children and early life systemic antibiotic use: an incidence density study. Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology : Official Journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 19, 18.
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Publication 2023
Acetaminophen Antibiotics Asthma Child Childbirth Day Care, Medical Dermatitis, Atopic Nicotiana tabacum Parent Puberty Respiratory Tract Infections Smoke
2
Prospective Cohort Study on Early-Life Exposures
Information on relevant characteristics was obtained from the mother’s and father’s questionnaires at inclusion, during pregnancy, immediately after birth and the bi-annual and annual questionnaires. The procedure differed between events and population moments.
For both events and population moments, information on sex (biological), parental education and breast feeding for at least 6 months was obtained from the questionnaires in the first year of life. Information on parental asthma was obtained from the mother’s and father’s questionnaire. Information on LRTIs (defined as having had bronchitis with or without chronic cough and/or pneumonia according to the reporting of the parents) and paracetamol (acetaminophen) use in the first year of life was obtained from the questionnaire at 1 year of age. Information on day-care attendance and atopic dermatitis was obtained from all questionnaires (3 months post-partum, bi-annual and annual) prior to or at onset (for events) or prior to or at sampling (for population moments). Information on ETS, which is a time-varying characteristic, was obtained from all questionnaires (at 3 months post-partum, bi-annual and annual) prior to or at first asthma diagnosis (for events) or at sampling (for population moments).
Bentouhami H., Bungwa M.K., Casas L., Coenen S, & Weyler J. (2023). Asthma occurrence in children and early life systemic antibiotic use: an incidence density study. Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology : Official Journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 19, 18.
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Publication 2023
Acetaminophen Asthma Biopharmaceuticals Bronchitis Childbirth Cough Day Care, Medical Dermatitis, Atopic Diagnosis Mothers Parent Pneumonia Pregnancy
3
Omalizumab Therapy for Chronic Urticaria
Adult patients suffering from CU at the Urticaria Clinic of the Department of Dermatology of Hospital del Mar (Barcelona, Spain) were included in the study. Specifically, we included patients with CSU with disease duration of more than 3 months and with an urticaria activity score (UAS7) defined at least as moderate (UAS7 ≥ 16; itch ≥ 8). In the case of pure CIndU, a positive result for each standardized provocation test was required. For CSU, the UAS7 and the urticaria control test (UCT) were used to validate patient reported outcomes and to assess efficacy of the treatment. For CIndU, besides the UCT, specific thresholds, as defined in the guidelines,13 were assessed at baseline and after 6 months of treatment. Treatment included second generation H1‐antihistamines combined with anti‐IgE (omalizumab) therapy to establish the control of the disease. In total, 44 patients were included (22 with CSU and 22 with CIndU).
Peripheral blood samples from patients with CU were analyzed before the initiation of omalizumab therapy to assess both total IgE serum levels and the FcεR1a expression on blood basophils. According to their clinical response to omalizumab, IgE and FcεR1a receptor expression on blood basophils, patients were classified as responders or non‐responders to anti‐IgE therapy using thresholds previously established.9, 11 CSU patients who were clinically non‐responders to omalizumab despite increasing the dose of the drug up to 600 mg, did not obtain a UAS7 <16, UCT > 12, and did not reduce their baseline UAS7 after 6 months of treatment. The dose of omalizumab was increased after the third administration due to not achieving a goal of reducing UAS7 to <16, UCT > 12, or a reduction in UAS7 after the third administration. CIndU patients non‐responders to omalizumab did not obtained UCT > 12 despite increasing the dose of the drug up to 600 mg. The dose of omalizumab was increased after the third administration if the goal of UCT>12 was not obtained.
In addition, peripheral blood samples from a control group of 22 sex‐equivalent healthy adult controls (HCs) with no family or personal history of allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, CU, or atopic dermatitis were included as reference.
Exclusion criteria for study participation were: <18 years old, concomitant treatment with immunosuppressive agents and/or corticosteroids, and chronic pruritic diseases.
The present study has been carried out in accordance with The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) for experiments involving humans. The local Clinical Research Ethics Committee granted ethical approval for the study (approval no. 2018/7915/I). Signed informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Gimeno R., Ribas‐Llauradó C., Pesque D., Andrades E., Cenni B., Ambros B., Pujol R, & Giménez‐Arnau A.M. (2023). Remibrutinib inhibits hives effector cells stimulated by serum from chronic urticaria patients independently of FcεR1 expression level and omalizumab clinical response. Clinical and Translational Allergy, 13(3), e12227.
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Publication 2023
Adrenal Cortex Hormones Adult anti-IgE Asthma Basophils BLOOD Chronic Inducible Urticaria Dermatitis, Atopic Disease, Chronic Grouping, Blood Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating Homo sapiens Immunosuppressive Agents Omalizumab Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Pruritus Regional Ethics Committees Rhinitis, Allergic Serum Urticaria
4
Tacrolimus Ointment for Atopic Dermatitis
The participants were administered 13 tubes of Protopic (hereinafter referred to as “tacrolimus”; 0.1% tacrolimus; Leo Pharma, Ballerup, Denmark) at baseline. They were instructed to apply the ointment in a thin layer covering the armpit, entire arm, and hand once daily for 6 months, similar to the current treatment regime for atopic dermatitis. The tacrolimus ointment dose (amount applied in grams) was calculated after weighing the tubes of tacrolimus before and after use, using the following formula:
The participants were instructed not to discard the used tubes. They were informed of the side effects of tacrolimus according to the product resumé: mild skin irritation, erythema, warm sensation, pain, paresthesia, -rash at the application site, and alcohol intolerance (flushing or skin irritation). They were advised to stop alcohol consumption if any side effects occurred upon alcohol consumption.
Gulmark Hansen F.C., Jørgensen M.G, & Sørensen J.A. (2023). Treatment of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema With Topical Tacrolimus: A Prospective, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase II Pilot Trial. Journal of Breast Cancer, 26(1), 46-59.
Publication 2023
Axilla Dermatitis, Atopic Erythema Ethanol Exanthema Ointments Pain Paresthesia Skin Tacrolimus
5
Evaluating Hand Eczema in Nursing Students
Data were collected inside the classroom of the Department of Nursing School in Valmaura, Trieste, in accordance with the COVID-19 preventive measures. During data collection, enrolled students attended a one-hour class on OSDs and related preventive measures. All students had already attended a pre-traineeship course on preventive measures for occupational injuries and diseases lasting longer than 12 h. The purpose of the study was explained to all participants before beginning, and a specific form was signed to document the understanding and acceptance of the participants. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire based on the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire (NOSQ-2002) [10 (link)]. Participants had to fill out a form with their personal information: name, surname, age, sex, work, and the number of years they had worked. The multiple-choice questionnaire investigated the history of HE, the substances that worsened HE during the traineeship, the substances that worsened hand eczema in daily life, the improvement of HE out of work, the loss of a previous job because of HE, the history of atopic eczema during childhood, glove use during traineeship or work, gloves used in everyday life, symptoms related to glove use, number of hand washing during a shift, number of hours spent with wet hands, history of allergies and, if yes, drugs taken, family history of allergies, smoking habits, skin condition during the COVID-19 pandemic, and symptoms related to mask use. Irritant exposure was assessed using the questionnaire suggested by Uter et al. [11 (link)] and was reported as the sum of different irritant factors.
The participants were examined by a medical doctor who evaluated the condition of their skin by analyzing their fingertips, fingers, palm, back of the hand, and wrists. To quantify the results numerically, the Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI) [12 (link)] was used.
Skin damage was further examined by analyzing transepidermal water loss (TEWL) [13 (link)] in 73 students from both subgroups using a VapoMeter device (Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland), and the results were expressed as g/m2/h. Two independent measures were taken on the first interdigital space between the thumb and index finger. To avoid altering the results, students were advised not to apply moisturizers or gels on their skin before the measurements.
Piapan L., Di Taranto D., Patriarca E., Rui F, & Larese Filon F. (2023). Hand Eczema in Apprentice Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic after a Skin Prevention Program. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 2992.
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Publication 2023
Arecaceae COVID 19 Dermatitis, Atopic Eczema Fingers Gels Hypersensitivity Irritants Medical Devices Occupational Injuries Pharmaceutical Preparations Physicians Skin Skin Diseases Student Thumb Traineeships Wrist

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1
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2
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More about "Dermatitis, Atopic"

Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema, is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by recurrent, itchy rashes.
It typically begins in childhood and is often associated with other allergic conditions, such as asthma, hay fever (allergic rhinitis), and food allergies.
The exact cause of AD is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors that lead to skin barrier dysfunction and immune system dysregulation.
Symptoms of AD may include red, dry, itchy skin, which can become thickened and discolored with repeated scratching.
In some cases, the skin may also develop blisters, crusting, or scaling.
AD is often exacerbated by various triggers, such as exposure to irritants, stress, changes in temperature or humidity, and certain foods or allergens.
Effective management of AD typically requires a multifaceted approach, including the use of moisturizers, topical medications (e.g., corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors), and addressing any identified triggering factors.
Treatments may also involve the use of systemic therapies, such as immunosuppressants or biologics, in more severe or refractory cases.
While there is no cure for AD, proper treatment and management can help control symptoms, prevent flare-ups, and improve the overall quality of life for those affected.
Researchers continue to explore various aspects of AD, including the use of tools like ImmunoCAP, SAS, Stata, and SPSS to better understand the underlying mechanisms and develop more effective interventions.