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> Disorders > Disease or Syndrome > Hemorrhagic Stroke

Hemorrhagic Stroke

Hemorrhagic stroke is a type of stroke caused by the rupturing of blood vessels in the brain, leading to bleeding within the brain tissue.
This can result in severe brain damage and life-threatening complications.
Identifying the most effective protocols and products for researching hemorrhagic stroke is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform, helps researchers find the most reproducible and accuruate methods by comparing data from literature, preprints, and patents.
This tool can enhance hemorrhagic stroke research by guiding users to the best available techniques, ultimately advancing the field and benefiting those affected by this devastating condition.

Most cited protocols related to «Hemorrhagic Stroke»

1
Comprehensive Stroke Case Ascertainment Protocol
Procedures for complete case capture follow international recommendations for capture–recapture and multiple source ascertainment methods.20 (link) Cases are primarily identified through active pursuit of emergency department and directly admitted stroke patients using validated screening terms.21 (link) The abstractors also routinely canvass intensive care units and hospital floors searching for in-house strokes or those not ascertained through the screening logs. The active surveillance is supplemented by review of hospital passive listings of International Classification of Disease, 9th revision discharge codes for stroke (430–438; excluding 433.x0, 434.x0 [x = 1–9]; 437.0, 437.2, 437.3, 437.4, 437.5, 437.7, 437.8, and 438). County coroner records are screened for causes of sudden stroke death not presenting to the hospital. Several minor changes to case ascertainment procedures were made over the course of the project to maintain efficiency. In 2001, the following diagnostic terms were removed from the active surveillance list: dizziness, falling, imbalance, syncope, and trouble walking. These terms were found to be highly inefficient at identifying strokes, with a positive predict value of ≤1%. Starting January 1, 2001, a sample of Nueces County primary care and cardiology offices, as well as 95% of neurologist offices, were contacted frequently and encouraged to report stroke cases to our project. Abstractors reviewed and abstracted cases not previously screened. The sampling of primary care physicians and cardiologists was subsequently discontinued on January 31, 2004, because during the 3 years of the sampling only 13 ischemic stroke patients were identified exclusively from this method of 1,866 ischemic stroke cases identified in BASIC. Because 74 cases from the sample identified came from neurology offices, we did continue to identify these few stroke cases from neurology offices. From January 31, 2004 to July 31, 2008, only 71 strokes were identified via the neurology office of 1,971 ischemic stroke cases identified. In 2008, we therefore stopped screening neurology offices. From January 1, 2000 through December 1, 2007, BASIC identified cases through active surveillance of both the admissions log and emergency department (ED) log. A review of this methodology in 2007 using complete data from calendar year 2004 suggested that frequent passive ED surveillance in combination with active surveillance of admission logs successfully identifies ≥98% of all ischemic strokes. This new methodology was implemented on December 2, 2007. Finally, we were unable to obtain passive listings of stroke from 1 of the hospital systems for 6 months of 2008. In other 6-month periods, this never amounted to >5 cases. A sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the effects of the changes on incidence rate estimates and ethnic comparisons over time.
Cases are validated by neurologists or a stroke fellowship-trained emergency medicine physician, blinded to subjects’ ethnicity and age, using source documentation. Ischemic stroke diagnosis is based on published international clinical criteria20 (link) that require onset of a focal neurologic deficit following a defined vascular distribution without documented resolution within 24 hours (unless treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator) and not explainable by a nonvascular etiology. Imaging is used to discriminate ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Because the use of brain MRI has increased greatly in the past 10 years, validators are required to use the original clinical criteria for case validation, so that trend data can be assessed without bias. Therefore, subjects having acute infarction on brain MRI without the clinical deficit described above are validated as no stroke.
Morgenstern L.B., Smith M.A., Sanchez B.N., Brown D.L., Zahuranec D.B., Garcia N., Kerber K.A., Skolarus L.E., Meurer W.J., Burke J.F., Adelman E.E., Baek J, & Lisabeth L.D. (2013). Persistent Ischemic Stroke Disparities despite Declining Incidence in Mexican Americans. Annals of neurology, 74(6), 778-785.
Publication 2013
Alteplase Blood Vessel Brain Brain Infarction Cardiologists Cardiovascular System Cerebrovascular Accident Coroners Diagnosis Ethnicity Fellowships Hemorrhagic Stroke Hypersensitivity Neurologists Patient Discharge Patients Physicians Primary Care Physicians Primary Health Care Stroke, Ischemic Syncope
2
Standardized MACE Outcome Definitions
After each of the independent reviewers determined that a full-text met inclusion criteria for the study, definitions for composite MACE outcomes were extracted into a shared document using a standardized protocol by two reviewers (LH, EB). ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM codes were also extracted for each MACE endpoint, and were acquired either through full-length text review or through review of published supplements. The position of the diagnosis code required in the study outcome criteria was recorded as primary position, any position, or not reported. Further, information on whether the study outcomes had been previously validated was assessed in each individual study or review of supplements, and citations were extracted. Each study’s administrative data source and study years were also recorded.
Once data were extracted from included studies, we categorized the specific definitions of MACE based on the individual components referred to by the authors as opposed to the specific diagnosis codes used. We made this decision due to the lack of consistency in diagnosis codes used across studies and chose to categorize based on the MACE components that the authors reported. Component definitions of MACE included: AMI, acute coronary syndrome or ischemic heart disease (ACS/IHD), stroke (either ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke), revascularization procedures, cardiovascular (CV) death, and all-cause death. Of note, due to the variability of outcomes used across studies, the ACS/IHD component reflects the following definitions used by study authors: ACS, IHD, coronary artery disease (CAD), and unstable angina (UA). Overall, we performed a qualitative assessment of the evidence only, and did not perform a meta-analysis or strength of evidence assessment due to the nature of the research questions.
Bosco E., Hsueh L., McConeghy K.W., Gravenstein S, & Saade E. (2021). Major adverse cardiovascular event definitions used in observational analysis of administrative databases: a systematic review. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 21, 241.
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Publication 2021
Acute Coronary Syndrome Angina, Unstable Cardiovascular System Cerebrovascular Accident Coronary Arteriosclerosis Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis Dietary Supplements Heart Heart Disease, Coronary Heart Diseases Hemorrhagic Stroke Myristica fragrans Syndrome
3
Disability-Free Survival in Elderly Individuals
The primary end point was disability-free survival, which was defined as survival free from dementia or persistent physical disability. The primary composite end point was derived from the first occurrences of the end-point events of death, dementia, and persistent physical disability. The diagnosis of dementia was adjudicated according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition,18 and persistent physical disability was considered to have occurred when a participant reported having an inability to perform or severe difficulty in performing at least one of the six basic activities of daily living that had persisted for at least 6 months.17 (link) Details regarding the health measures and definitions used in this trial are listed in Table S2 in the Supplementary Appendix.
The ASPREE trial program had eight prespecified secondary end points, including the three individual components of the primary end point — death from any cause, dementia, and persistent physical disability — as reported in this article. Other secondary end points included fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease (including stroke), fatal and nonfatal cancer, mild cognitive impairment, depression, and major hemorrhage (including clinically significant bleeding and hemorrhagic stroke). Further analyses of the secondary end points of death, cardiovascular disease (including stroke), and major hemorrhage are now reported in two accompanying articles in the Journal.19 (link),20 (link)
McNeil J.J., Woods R.L., Nelson M.R., Reid C.M., Kirpach B., Wolfe R., Storey E., Shah R.C., Lockery J.E., Tonkin A.M., Newman A.B., Williamson J.D., Margolis K.L., Ernst M.E., Abhayaratna W.P., Stocks N., Fitzgerald S.M., Orchard S.G., Trevaks R.E., Beilin L.J., Donnan G.A., Gibbs P., Johnston C.I., Ryan J., Radziszewska B., Grimm R, & Murray A.M. (2018). Effect of Aspirin on Disability-free Survival in the Healthy Elderly. The New England journal of medicine, 379(16), 1499-1508.
Publication 2018
Cardiovascular Diseases Cerebrovascular Accident Cognitive Impairments, Mild Diagnosis Disabled Persons Hemorrhage Hemorrhagic Stroke Malignant Neoplasms Physical Examination Presenile Dementia
4
Identifying Serious Bleeding-Related Hospitalizations
The definition identified inpatient stays with diagnoses and/or procedures that indicated the hospitalization was related to a current episode of bleeding. We focused on hospitalizations because these are unambiguous and generally represent serious events. The types of serious bleeding events considered included gastrointestinal bleeding, hemorrhagic strokes and other intracranial bleeds, genitourinary bleeding, and bleeding at other sites.
The algorithm identified bleeding-related hospitalizations from the primary discharge diagnosis. The specific diagnosis codes were based upon those presented by Arnason and colleagues,12 (link) modified according to our experience and an extensive review of the computerized records for the hospitalization and related medical care (see Appendix). The diagnosis codes were also the basis for determining the probable site of the bleeding, classified as gastrointestinal, cerebral, genitourinary, or other. Hospitalizations for which the bleed was deemed likely to be due to major trauma were excluded. The complete algorithm is presented in the Appendix.
The algorithm did not consider hospitalizations in which only a secondary diagnosis indicated bleeding. Although serious bleeding may have occurred during these hospitalizations, our experience indicates the bleeding was more likely to have begun in the hospital.
Cunningham A., Stein C.M., Chung C.P., Daugherty J.R., Smalley W.E, & Ray W.A. (2011). An Automated Database Case Definition for Serious Bleeding Related to Oral Anticoagulant Use. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 20(6), 560-566.
Publication 2011
Diagnosis Hemorrhagic Stroke Hospitalization Inpatient Intracranial Hemorrhage Patient Discharge System, Genitourinary Wounds and Injuries
5
Improved MRI Field Quantification for Stroke
This study was approved by our Institutional Review Board. In vivo MRI was performed on 15 patients with histories of hemorrhagic stroke on a 3-T clinical MRI scanner (General Electric Excite HD; GE Healthcare). Standardized data acquisition and data processing were performed on all patients in the following manner. Data were acquired using an eight-channel head coil and a multiple echo spoiled gradient-echo sequence with three-dimensional flow compensation. The imaging parameters were as follows: TE = 3.5, 7, 10.5, 14, 17.5, 21 ms; TR = 40 ms; slice thickness, 2 mm; flip angle, 15°; number of slices, 70 axially through the brain. The imaging matrix was 240 × 180 × 70, with a pixel bandwidth of 520 Hz per pixel and a FOV of 24 × 18 × 14 cm3. The phase images were used to fit the total field. The brain region was segmented and denoted as the ROI M, and the remaining regions in the imaging volume were considered to comprise M̅. Estimated background fields were obtained and removed using both techniques. The three-dimensional brain data was reformatted to coronal sections for inspection. To quantitatively assess the improvement of the PDF method, field contrasts were calculated from PDF and HPF processed field maps. Rectangular volumes immediately superior to the hemorrhages and volumes on the right of the hemorrhages were drawn, and the differences between the mean values insides these two regions were calculated. These two regions fall inside two lobes of the dipole field that have opposite sign. The resulting contrast measurements were compared between the HPF and PDF methods over the 15 patients using a two-tailed paired t-test with a significance level p of 0.01.
Liu T., Khalidov I., de Rochefort L., Spincemaille P., Liu J., Tsiouris A.J, & Wang Y. (2011). A novel background field removal method for MRI using projection onto dipole fields (PDF). NMR in biomedicine, 24(9), 1129-1136.
Publication 2011
Brain ECHO protocol Electricity Ethics Committees, Research Head Hemorrhage Hemorrhagic Stroke Microtubule-Associated Proteins Patients

Most recents protocols related to «Hemorrhagic Stroke»

1
Stroke Rehabilitation and Cognitive Assessment
Eligible participants for the RCT were aged 18–70 years, had suffered a first ever ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke 1–10 years earlier and were living with stroke related hemiparesis in the lower extremity, affecting walking ability. Participants were recruited from rehabilitation units, in collaboration with physiotherapists in outpatient care in the Stockholm region. Written and oral information was provided to the eligible participants before a written consent was given. Inclusion and exclusion criteria are further described in the published RCT [29 (link)]. In the current analysis of data collected in the RCT, one exclusion criteria was added. Participants unable to perform the Trail Making B task, related to impaired verbal understanding and/or difficulties in interpreting letters and numbers due to severe aphasia, were excluded. The Trail Making B task is included in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) visuospatial/executive domain (MoCA Vis/Ex), further described in the Assessment methods section below.
Bergqvist M., Möller M.C., Björklund M., Borg J, & Palmcrantz S. (2023). The impact of visuospatial and executive function on activity performance and outcome after robotic or conventional gait training, long-term after stroke—as part of a randomized controlled trial. PLOS ONE, 18(3), e0281212.
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Publication 2023
Aphasia Care, Ambulatory Cerebrovascular Accident Hemiparesis Hemorrhagic Stroke Lower Extremity Physical Therapist Rehabilitation TNFSF10 protein, human
2
Defining Diabetic Complications: A Comprehensive Approach
Macrovascular complications are composed of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD); whereas microvascular complications comprise neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy [1 (link), 2 (link)]. In this study, patients with any one of the listed conditions including coronary heart disease, myocardial ischemia and/or infarction, angina, congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, and a history of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) were referred to have cardiovascular disease. The cerebrovascular disease is defined as a group of diseases including transient ischemic attack (TIA), ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke. PAOD is defined as a composite of following status, such as having symptom of intermittent claudication, abnormal foot assessment with reduced or absent pulse over dorsalis pedis artery and/or posterior tibial artery, and a history of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), peripheral artery bypass surgery, or amputation. Moreover, diabetic polyneuropathy comprises patients who had neurologic symptoms or aberrant neurologic physical examinations such as decrease/loss of vibratory or pinprick sensation tested by hemi-quantified tuning fork and single-stranded nylon, respectively, on either foot. Patients with diabetic retinopathy are defined as those who had one of the following conditions including macular degeneration, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), blindness, or receiving laser therapy of retina in the past. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), expressed in ml/min/1.73 m2, was calculated using the equation from Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) [22 (link)]. Finally, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in this study was defined as eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or albuminuria defined as a spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥ 30 mg/g.
Ho L.J., Sheu W.H., Lo S.H., Yeh Y.P., Hwu C.M., Huang C.N., Hsieh C.H, & Kuo F.C. (2023). Unhealthy lifestyle associated with increased risk of macro- and micro-vascular comorbidities in patients with long-duration type 2 diabetes: results from the Taiwan Diabetes Registry. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 15, 38.
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Publication 2023
Age-Related Macular Degeneration Albumins Amputation Angina Pectoris Arterial Occlusive Diseases Arteries Blindness Cardiac Arrhythmia Cardiovascular Diseases Cerebrovascular Disorders Congestive Heart Failure Coronary Arteriosclerosis Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Creatinine Diabetic Nephropathy Diabetic Polyneuropathies Diabetic Retinopathy Dietary Modification Foot Glomerular Filtration Rate Heart Disease, Coronary Hemorrhagic Stroke Infarction Intermittent Claudication Kidney Diseases Laser Therapy Neurologic Examination Neurologic Symptoms Nylons Operative Surgical Procedures Patients Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty Peripheral Vascular Diseases Pulse Rate Retina Retinal Diseases Stroke, Ischemic Tibial Arteries, Posterior Transient Ischemic Attack Urine Vibration
3
Integrated Cardiovascular Risk Management in Primary Care
The study was performed in the region Eindhoven, south-eastern part of the Netherlands, in 145 general practices affiliated to the primary care group PoZoB. The care group covers rural, suburban and urban practices similar to other parts of the Netherlands and therefore can be considered as representative. Between 2010 and 2013, 137 practices (406,119 registered patients) followed a stepwise implementation for integrated care and another 8 practices started implementation between 2013 and 2015. Eligibility for participation in integrated CVRM care was based on in- and exclusion criteria given in Table 1. Details of the stepwise implementation have been described elsewhere [16 (link)].

Criteria for participation in the CVRM program a

Inclusion criteria for patients eligible for primary prevention
● A 10 year cardiovascular mortality risk > 5%, based on the SCORE table from the 2006 CVRM guidelines of the Dutch Society of General Practice [6 (link)]
● Prescription of blood pressure lowering or lipid modifying drugs in men aged ≥ 55 years and women aged ≥ 60 years
● Systolic blood pressure > 180 mm Hg and/or total cholesterol > 8 mmol/l ever measured, independent of the 10 year mortality risk
● The patient is primarily treated in primary care and aged 18 years or above
Inclusion criteria for patients eligible for secondary prevention:
● Documented previous ischemic or atherosclerotic heart disease (myocardial infarction and angina pectoris), heart failure, atrial fibrillation, aneurysm of the abdominal aorta, peripheral arterial disease, transient ischemic attack, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, chronic kidney disease
● The patient is primarily treated in primary care and aged 18 years or above
Exclusion criteria for both groups were:
● Primarily treated for cardiovascular disease risk by a specialist in a hospital or at an outpatient clinic
● Diabetes mellitus (patients receive cardiovascular risk management in a diabetes care program)
● Patients younger than 18 years

aCVRM program: cardiovascular risk management program

Smits G.H., van Doorn S., Bots M.L, & Hollander M. (2023). Cardiovascular risk reduction with integrated care: results of 8 years follow up. BMC Primary Care, 24, 66.
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Publication 2023
Angina Pectoris Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal Atrial Fibrillation Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Cholesterol Chronic Kidney Diseases Congestive Heart Failure Coronary Arteriosclerosis Diabetes Mellitus Eligibility Determination Hemorrhagic Stroke Lipids Myocardial Infarction Patients Peripheral Vascular Diseases Pharmaceutical Preparations Primary Health Care Primary Prevention Risk Management Secondary Prevention Specialists Systolic Pressure Transient Ischemic Attack Woman Youth
4
Stroke Impact on Young and Middle-Aged Workers
All patients were admitted to our neurology department between 1 July 2020 and 1 July 2021, with a diagnosis of a first-time stroke. From July 2021 to July 2022, young and middle-aged patients with stroke who had been discharged from the electronic medical system for 1 year were eligible to be surveyed by telephone. Of the 1,136 patients recorded in the electronic medical record system, 789 patients were included in this study based on the following criteria: (i) first stroke, (ii) the diagnosis of stroke (hemorrhage stroke, ischemic stroke, or hemorrhagic stroke combined with ischemic stroke), (iii) working age (18–59 years for men and 18–54 years for women) at the stroke onset, and (iv) active employment status (full-time or part-time competitive employment, or self-employment) at the stroke onset. We excluded patients who had stopped working before the onset and those with other critical illnesses, such as heart failure, respiratory failure, malignant tumors, severe trauma, and other acute diseases.
Pan X., Wang Z., Yao L, & Xu L. (2023). The reasons for not returning to work and health-related quality of life among young and middle-aged patients with stroke: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Neurology, 14, 1078251.
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Publication 2023
Acute Disease Cerebrovascular Accident Congestive Heart Failure Critical Illness Diagnosis Hemorrhagic Stroke Malignant Neoplasms Patients Respiratory Failure Stroke, Ischemic Woman Wounds and Injuries
5
Stroke Rehabilitation Protocol
The inclusion criteria will be as follows: (i) age between 18 and 90, (ii) admission to a rehabilitation department within 6 months of a first ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke with positive brain imaging findings (computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain), (iii) ability to provide informed consent, (iv) ability to walk at least 10 m (with or without a technical aid) at a speed below 1.2 m.s−1, and (v) social security coverage. The exclusion criteria will be (i) prestroke locomotor or neurological disorders affecting gait, (ii) visual or hearing disorders that impair communication, (iii) severe aphasia, (iv) participation in another interventional study of gait or cognitive rehabilitation, (v) pregnancy or breastfeeding, and (vi) administrative supervision (legal guardianship or incarceration).
Tasseel-Ponche S., Roussel M., Toba M.N., Sader T., Barbier V., Delafontaine A., Meynier J., Picard C., Constans J.M., Schnitzler A., Godefroy O, & Yelnik A.P. (2023). Dual-task versus single-task gait rehabilitation after stroke: the protocol of the cognitive-motor synergy multicenter, randomized, controlled superiority trial (SYNCOMOT). Trials, 24, 172.
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Publication 2023
Aphasia Brain Cognitive Training Hemorrhagic Stroke Nervous System Disorder Pregnancy Rehabilitation X-Ray Computed Tomography

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1
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More about "Hemorrhagic Stroke"

Hemorrhagic stroke, also known as brain hemorrhage or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), is a type of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) caused by the rupture of blood vessels within the brain.
This event leads to bleeding within the brain tissue, often resulting in severe brain damage and life-threatening complications.
Prompt and effective management of hemorrhagic stroke is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Researchers studying hemorrhagic stroke utilize a variety of tools and techniques to investigate the underlying mechanisms, identify risk factors, and develop more effective treatments.
Some of the key software and equipment used in this field include: - SAS 9.4 and SAS version 9.4: Statistical analysis software widely used for data management, analysis, and modeling in medical research. - QuantiChrom Hemoglobin Assay Kit: A laboratory kit used to measure hemoglobin levels, which can be important in understanding the effects of hemorrhagic stroke. - Synergy HT: A multi-mode microplate reader used for various biochemical and cell-based assays in stroke research. - SPSS v21, SPSS version 25, and SPSS v22: Statistical software packages employed for data analysis and modeling in clinical studies. - Stata 15 and Stata: Statistical software utilized for advanced data analysis and modeling in the field of epidemiology and public health research.
To enhance the efficiency and reproducibility of hemorrhagic stroke research, the PubCompare.ai platform serves as a valuable tool.
This AI-driven platform helps researchers identify the most effective protocols and products by comparing data from literature, preprints, and patents.
By guiding users to the best available techniques, PubCompare.ai can advance the field of hemorrhagic stroke research and ultimately improve outcomes for those affected by this devastating condition.
When conducting hemorrhagic stroke research, it is important to carefully select the appropriate software, equipment, and methodologies to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the findings.
Continual refinement of research practices, as facilitated by tools like PubCompare.ai, can lead to breakthroughs in our understanding and management of hemorrhagic stroke.