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> Disorders > Disease or Syndrome > Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis: A chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, characterized by the presence of multiple sclerotic plaques dispersed throughout the white matter of the brain and spinal cord.
Common symptoms include visual disturbances, muscle weakness, coordination and balance difficulties, sensory abnormalities, cognitive impairments, and mood changes.
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Most cited protocols related to «Multiple Sclerosis»

1
Improving Animal Study Reporting
In the life sciences, animals are used to elucidate normal biology, to improve understanding of disease pathogenesis, and to develop therapeutic interventions. Animal models are valuable, provided that experiments employing them are carefully designed, interpreted and reported. Several recent articles, commentaries and editorials highlight that inadequate experimental reporting can result in such studies being un-interpretable and difficult to reproduce1 (link)–8 (link). For instance, replication of spinal cord injury studies through an NINDS-funded program determined that many studies could not be replicated because of incomplete or inaccurate description of experimental design, especially how randomization of animals to the various test groups, group formulation and delineation of animal attrition and exclusion were addressed7 (link). A review of 100 articles published in Cancer Research in 2010 revealed that only 28% of papers reported that animals were randomly allocated to treatment groups, just 2% of papers reported that observers were blinded to treatment, and none stated the methods used to determine the number of animals per group, a determination required to avoid false outcomes2 (link). In addition, analysis of several hundred studies conducted in animal models of stroke, Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis also revealed deficiencies in reporting key methodological parameters that can introduce bias6 (link). Similarly, a review of 76 high-impact (cited more than 500 times) animal studies showed that the publications lacked descriptions of crucial methodological information that would allow informed judgment about the findings9 . These deficiencies in the reporting of animal study design, which are clearly widespread, raise the concern that the reviewers of these studies could not adequately identify potential limitations in the experimental design and/or data analysis, limiting the benefit of the findings.
Some poorly reported studies may in fact be well-designed and well-conducted, but analysis suggests that inadequate reporting correlates with overstated findings10 (link)–14 . Problems related to inadequate study design surfaced early in the stroke research community, as investigators tried to understand why multiple clinical trials based on positive results in animal studies ultimately failed. Part of the problem is, of course, that no animal model can fully reproduce all the features of human stroke. It also became clear, however, that many of the difficulties stemmed from a lack of methodological rigor in the preclinical studies that were not adequately reported15 (link). For instance, a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies testing the efficacy of the free-radical scavenger NXY-059 in models of ischaemic stroke revealed that publications that included information on randomization, concealment of group allocation, or blinded assessment of outcomes reported significantly smaller effect sizes of NXY-059 in comparison to studies lacking this information10 (link). In certain cases, a series of poorly designed studies, obscured by deficient reporting, may, in aggregate, serve erroneously as the scientific rationale for large, expensive and ultimately unsuccessful clinical trials. Such trials may unnecessarily expose patients to potentially harmful agents, prevent these patients from participating in other trials of possibly effective agents, and drain valuable resources and energy that might otherwise be more productively spent.
Landis S.C., Amara S.G., Asadullah K., Austin C.P., Blumenstein R., Bradley E.W., Crystal R.G., Darnell R.B., Ferrante R.J., Fillit H., Finkelstein R., Fisher M., Gendelman H.E., Golub R.M., Goudreau J.L., Gross R.A., Gubitz A.K., Hesterlee S.E., Howells D.W., Huguenard J., Kelner K., Koroshetz W., Krainc D., Lazic S.E., Levine M.S., Macleod M.R., McCall J.M., Moxley RT I.I.I., Narasimhan K., Noble L.J., Perrin S., Porter J.D., Steward O., Unger E., Utz U, & Silberberg S.D. (2012). A call for transparent reporting to optimize the predictive value of preclinical research. Nature, 490(7419), 187-191.
Publication 2012
Animal Model Animals Cerebrovascular Accident DNA Replication Free Radical Scavengers Impact 76 Malignant Neoplasms Multiple Sclerosis Muscle Rigidity NXY 059 pathogenesis Patients Spinal Cord Injuries Stroke, Ischemic Tooth Attrition
2
Qualitative Synthesis of MS Patients' Healthcare Experiences
Studies eligible for inclusion were those that qualitatively investigated patients’ experiences, views, attitudes to and perceptions of health care services for Multiple Sclerosis. No date restriction was imposed on searches as this was an original review. Qualitative research, for this purpose, was defined by the Cochrane qualitative methods group [7 (link)] as using both a qualitative data collection method and qualitative analysis. Quantitative and mixed method studies were therefore excluded.
We define experience as “Patients’ reports of how care was organised and delivered to meet their needs p.301” [15 (link)]. Patients’ reports could refer to either experience of health care services delivery and organisation overall or their experiences of care by specific health care personnel. We included studies that investigated adults (aged 18 years old and older) with a diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis, who had experience of utilising health care services at any time point. There were no restrictions on subtype of Multiple Sclerosis, gender, ethnicity or frequency of use of health care. Health care in this sense referred to routine clinical care (either state funded or privately funded) not trial protocols or interventions. Excluded studies included studies that focussed on self-management and studies that investigated quality of life.
Because of the focus on Multiple Sclerosis, studies were excluded if they used a mixed sample of various conditions (e.g. studies reported a mixed sample of people with neurological conditions) or if they used a sample of mixed respondents (i.e. people with Multiple Sclerosis and their carers) where results of patients with Multiple Sclerosis could not be clearly separated. If an article had a section or subtheme on health care services but this was not the main research area of the article, then that article was included; however only data from the relevant subtheme were extracted and included in the findings. Additional exclusion criteria were articles that only described carer or health care professional experiences not patient experiences. Conference abstracts, editorials and commentaries were not included.
Methley A.M., Campbell S., Chew-Graham C., McNally R, & Cheraghi-Sohi S. (2014). PICO, PICOS and SPIDER: a comparison study of specificity and sensitivity in three search tools for qualitative systematic reviews. BMC Health Services Research, 14, 579.
Publication 2014
Adult Conferences Delivery of Health Care Diagnosis Ethnicity Gender Health Personnel Multiple Sclerosis Nervous System Disorder Patients Self-Management
3
Balance Disorders in Rehabilitation Patients
A hundred fifteen patients (53 men and 62 women), aged 62.7 years ± 16 (standard deviation, SD), were studied. They represent a convenience sample of patients with balance disorders, recruited with a consecutive sampling method. Patient diagnosis was as follows: 22 hemiparesis (12 right, 10 left), 21 Parkinson’s disease, 15 neuromuscular diseases, 14 hereditary ataxia, 11 multiple sclerosis, 10 unspecific age-related balance disorders, 7 peripheral vestibular disorders, 6 traumatic brain injury, 4 diffuse encephalopathy, 3 cervical myelopathy and 2 CNS neoplasm. All subjects were inpatients referred to the Scientific Institute of Veruno for rehabilitation assessment and treatment. Inclusion criteria were: able to walk with or without a cane; absence of severe cognitive or communication impairments; ability to tolerate the balance tasks without fatigue. Prior to taking part in the study, all participants signed the informed consent that had been approved by the Central Ethics Committee of the ‘Salvatore Maugeri’ Foundation.
Franchignoni F., Horak F., Godi M., Nardone A, & Giordano A. (2010). Using psychometric techniques to improve the Balance Evaluation System’s Test: the mini-BESTest. Journal of rehabilitation medicine : official journal of the UEMS European Board of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 42(4), 323-331.
Publication 2010
Ataxias, Hereditary Canes Central Nervous System Neoplasms Cognition Communicative Disorders Diagnosis Encephalopathies Ethics Committees Fatigue Hemiparesis Inpatient Multiple Sclerosis Neck Neuromuscular Diseases Patients Rehabilitation Spinal Cord Diseases Traumatic Brain Injury Vestibular Diseases Woman
4
Genetic Associations in Diverse Diseases
BioVU accrues DNA samples extracted from blood remaining from routine clinical testing after they have been retained for 3 days and are scheduled to be discarded. A full description of this resource and its associated ethical, privacy and other protections has been published elsewhere (Roden et al., 2008 (link)). All patients age ≥18 years with an outpatient laboratory draw, who have a signed consent to treatment form, and that have not made a formal indication to opt-out are potential inclusions in BioVU. The resource is linked to a de-identified version of the EMR called the synthetic derivative (Roden et al., 2008 (link)). As of January 18, 2010, the resource included 75 769 DNA samples.
The study population consisted of the first ∼6000 European–Americans accrued into BioVU. The only selection criteria were that they met the general conditions for eligibility for BioVU; no clinical inclusion or exclusion criteria were applied. In the current analysis, we selected five SNPs with previously known disease associations: rs1333049 [coronary artery disease (CAD) and carotid artery stenosis (CAS)], rs2200733 [atrial fibrillation (AF)], rs3135388 [multiple sclerosis (MS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)], rs6457620 [rheumatoid arthritis (RA)], and rs17234657 [Crohn's disease (CD)]. (Some other potential associations exist for some SNPs, such as progression of carotid atherosclerosis and rs1333049, but are not represented well through ICD9 codes.) The primary outcome of this study was identification of the prior statistical associations with MS, CD, AF, CAD, SLE, CAS and RA.
Genotyping was conducted by the Vanderbilt DNA Resources Core using the mid-throughput Sequenom® genotyping platform (rs1333049, rs3135388 and rs17234657; genotyping efficiency 98.4–100%), which is based on a single base primer extension reaction coupled with mass spectrometry, or using a TaqMan assay (rs6457620 and rs2200733; genotyping efficiency 99.4% and 99.0%, respectively). Quality control procedures included examination of marker and sample genotyping efficiency, allele frequency calculations and tests of Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.
Denny J.C., Ritchie M.D., Basford M.A., Pulley J.M., Bastarache L., Brown-Gentry K., Wang D., Masys D.R., Roden D.M, & Crawford D.C. (2010). PheWAS: demonstrating the feasibility of a phenome-wide scan to discover gene–disease associations. Bioinformatics, 26(9), 1205-1210.
Publication 2010
Atrial Fibrillation Biological Assay BLOOD Carotid Atherosclerosis Carotid Stenosis Coronary Artery Disease Crohn Disease Disease Progression Eligibility Determination Europeans Inclusion Bodies Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic Mass Spectrometry Multiple Sclerosis Oligonucleotide Primers Outpatients Patients Protective Agents Rheumatoid Arthritis Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
5
Central Sensitization Inventory Validation

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Publication 2013
6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency Adult Brain Central Nervous System Central Nervous System Sensitization Cesium Chronic Condition Diagnosis Diagnosis, Psychiatric Ethics Committees, Research Fibromyalgia Injuries Malignant Neoplasms Management, Pain Mental Disorders Multiple Sclerosis Nervous System Disorder Pain Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Examination Physicians Psychiatrist Psychophysiologic Disorders Spinal Cord Injuries Student Tests, Diagnostic Widespread Chronic Pain

Most recents protocols related to «Multiple Sclerosis»

1
Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Modulates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalitis
Not available on PMC !

Example 6

This example provides a showing of an effect of disclosed anti-PD-L1 antibodies on the progression of disease in a murine model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Anti-PD-L1 antibodies were assayed for their ability to modulate the course of disease in mice induced to develop experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) as a model of MS. Disease was induced in C57Bl/6 mice following injection of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide and pertussis toxin. Once symptoms of disease developed, the mice were treated every second day with an intraperitoneal injection of anti-PD-L1 antibody (0.1 mg). The results shown in FIG. 6 provide that both anti-PD-L1 antibodies H6 and H10 impacted the course of disease development with H6 greatly reducing disease severity.

US11878058B2. Antigen binding proteins that bind PD-L1 (2024-01-23). Sorrento Therapeutics, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Heyue Zhou [US], Randy Gastwirt [US], Barbara A. Swanson [US], John Dixon Gray [US], Gunnar F. Kaufmann [US].
Patent 2024
Anti-Antibodies Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic Antigens Binding Proteins CD274 protein, human Disease Progression Hashimoto's encephalitis Injections, Intraperitoneal Mice, Inbred C57BL Multiple Sclerosis Mus Oligodendrocyte-Myelin Glycoprotein Peptides Pertussis Toxin
2
White Matter Integrity Assessment
Not available on PMC !

Example 3

Alternatively or in addition to all of the foregoing as it relates to gray matter, the invention further contemplates that white matter fA (fractional anisotropy) can be employed in a manner analogous to the gray matter atrophy as discussed herein in various embodiments.

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) assesses white matter, specifically white matter tract integrity. A decrease in fA can occur with either demyelination or with axonal damage or both. One can assess white matter substructures including optic nerve and cervical spinal cord.

MRIs of brain including high cervical spinal cord to be done at month 6, 1 year, and 2 years. If a decrease in fA of 10% is observed in fA of 2 tracts, treat with estriol to halt this decrease. Alternatively if fA is decreased by 10% in only one tract but that tract is associated with clinical deterioration of the disability served by that tract, treat with estriol. Poorer scores in low contrast visual acuity would correlate with decreased fA of optic nerve, while poorer motor function would correlate with decreased fA in motor tracts in cervical spinal cord.

US11865122B2. Estrogen therapy for brain gray matter atrophy and associated disability (2024-01-09). The Regents of the University of California [US]. Inventors: Rhonda R. Voskuhl [US].
Patent 2024
Anisotropy Atrophy Axon Brain Clinical Deterioration Copaxone Demyelination Disabled Persons Estriol Gray Matter Magnetic Resonance Imaging Multiple Sclerosis Optic Nerve Spinal Cords, Cervical Visual Acuity White Matter
3
Sleep Groups and Cognitive Outcomes
To analyse differences between sleep groups in demographic characteristics and concurrent health measures (n = 619), we used chi-square or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables, analysis of variance (ANOVA) for continuous variables [mean (SD) reported] and Kruskal–Wallis tests for Likert-scale variables [median (Q1–Q3) reported]. Post hoc pairwise group differences at unadjusted P < 0.05 were reported. We excluded people who took insulin medication (n = 9) when comparing the HOMA-IR difference across the sleep groups (see Wallace et al.68 (link)). Linear regression was used to assess the relationship between sleep group and concurrent cognitive composite scores after adjusting for covariates [age, sex, education, WRAT3 reading score and the number of prior exposures to the cognitive tests (the practice effect)].
Similarly, to analyse differences between sleep groups and concurrent amyloid burden, we examined data from the subset that had completed at least one PiB PET study [n(%) = 108 (17.4%)]. Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to assess the difference between sleep groups in estimated concurrent global PiB DVR and amyloid chronicity, and Fisher’s exact test was used to analyse the concurrent amyloid PET status difference between sleep groups. In sensitivity analyses, we tested whether there was significant difference of amyloid burden at the most recent PET scan across the alternative sleep group assignments. In the imputed data set, 285 (23.0%) had at least one PiB PET scan, and we tested the difference in estimated concurrent and most recent global PiB DVR and amyloid chronicity among sleep groups.
We compared corrected Akaike information criteria (AICc) model fit statistics across otherwise identical models and considered |ΔAICc| values <2 to represent comparable models. Linear regression was performed for the association between sleep groups and concurrent cognitive composite scores after we removed stroke (n = 10), epilepsy/seizures (n = 13), multiple sclerosis (n = 5) and Parkinson’s disease (n = 2). Since APOE genotype associates with cognition, additional linear regression was performed including APOE e4 carriers in the model, and we compared model fits with the fits of the model in Aim 2 with the participants who have APOE data (n = 538). ΔAICc values were reported.
Du L., Langhough R., Hermann B.P., Jonaitis E., Betthauser T.J., Cody K.A., Mueller K., Zuelsdorff M., Chin N., Ennis G.E., Bendlin B.B., Gleason C.E., Christian B.T., Plante D.T., Chappell R, & Johnson S.C. (2023). Associations between self-reported sleep patterns and health, cognition and amyloid measures: results from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention. Brain Communications, 5(2), fcad039.
Publication 2023
Amyloid Proteins Apolipoproteins E Cerebrovascular Accident Cognition Cognitive Testing Epilepsy Genotype Hypersensitivity Insulin Multiple Sclerosis Pharmaceutical Preparations Positron-Emission Tomography Seizures Sleep
4
Humoral Immune Response to COVID-19 Vaccines in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
A total of 126 volunteers with clinically definite relapsing-remitting MS and 52 healthy volunteers (HC) signed up for the study. Blood samples were collected from MS volunteers upon request from the Neuroimmunology department at The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics. The average number of days from the second dose to the booster dose was 90 days as indicated by the Ministry of Health in Cyprus. Throughout the study, patients that had COVID confirmed with PCR testing were excluded. In more detail, the inclusion criteria were: (1) patients above 18 years of age; (2) patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS) with clear clinical course of relapsing-remitting; (3) patients not experiencing any relapse symptoms during blood collection; (4) availability of a detailed clinical history [age of onset, disease duration calculated as the duration between sample acquisition and age of onset, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score obtained on the day of sample acquisition, and treatments received]; and (5) being born in Cyprus and have resided in Cyprus from birth to at least early adult life. Exclusion criteria were: (1) presence of relapse in the 30 days before enrolment in the study; (2) inability or unwillingness to provide informed consent; (3) a history of alcohol or drug abuse; (4) pregnancy; and (5) history of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. The inclusion and exclusion criteria, that are not solely MS-related, can be similarly extended to the healthy control group, save for the addition of an exclusion criterion that an individual may have any neurodegenerative, autoimmune, or underlying health issues. Table 1 shows the demographic details and clinical characteristics (EDSS, diseases duration, treatment at time of blood collection) of the MS volunteers and HCs. Other relevant data collected included SARS-CoV-2 infection history and lymphocyte counts for MS volunteers receiving fingolimod.
The timing of vaccinations followed the guidelines set by the EMA and the protocol set by the Ministry of Health in Cyprus, where the second dose was administered 3 weeks after the initial dose of BNT162b2 and the booster dose administered 3 months after the second dose. Blood samples were collected from all volunteers 3 months after the second vaccination dose. Reviewing preliminary results warranted additional analysis from a select MS group, as such MS volunteers receiving fingolimod were asked to return for another blood sample at least 2 weeks after receiving the booster dose. Note that due to the volunteering nature of the study, some volunteers were not willing to further donate blood. Additionally, due to volunteers getting infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the time between vaccination doses, a follow-up sample was not suitable for the purpose of the study.
Blood samples were collected in tubes containing clotting activators at the COVID-19 sampling unit of The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics. Following blood collection, samples were centrifuged for 10 min at 500 × g at 20°C to obtain cell-free serum. Serum was stored at −20°C until analysis.
Lambrianides A., Deeba E., Hadjiagapiou M., Pantzaris M., Krashias G, & Christodoulou C. (2023). SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses following BNT162b2 vaccination in individuals with multiple sclerosis receiving different disease-modifying treatments. Frontiers in Neurology, 14, 1092999.
Publication 2023
Adult BLOOD BNT162B2 Cells Childbirth COVID 19 Disabled Persons Drug Abuse Ethanol Fingolimod Healthy Volunteers Lymphocyte Multiple Sclerosis Origin of Life Patients Pregnancy Relapse SARS-CoV-2 Secondary Immunization Serum Vaccination Voluntary Workers
5
Reliability and Validity of Upper Extremity Functional Index in Chronic Stroke
We recruited 101 people with stroke (58 male, 43 female) from a local self-help group via poster advertisements. People with stroke were included in the study if they: (1) were 50–80 years old; (2) suffered a single stroke that was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography at least 1 year before the start of the study; (3) scored 7 or higher in the Chinese version of the Abbreviated Mental Test (27 (link)); (4) could speak Chinese (Cantonese); (5) had volitional control of their non-paretic arm; (6) could induce at least minimal anti-gravity movement in the shoulder of their paretic arm; (7) had at least 5° of wrist extension in the anti-gravity position; and (8) could walk independently for at least 10 m with or without an assistive device. People with chronic stroke were excluded if they: (1) had any other unstable medical conditions (e.g., angina pectoris, pain, or arthritis) or other conditions with medications that may intervene the upper limb function (e.g., Parkinson's disease or Multiple Sclerosis); and (2) had any aphasia or hearing impairment that would affect the data collection procedure.
We recruited 50 healthy older adults (14 male, 36 female) aged 50–80 years with stable health as the control group. People with any comorbid neurological, cardiovascular, or musculoskeletal disease that might affect the assessment were excluded.
The 15-item UEFI has demonstrated excellent test–retest reliability (ICC2, 1 = 0.95) in people with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (19 (link)). However, its reliability in people with stroke has not been evaluated. Assuming that an ICC value for assessing test–retest reliability of the 15-item UEFI in people with stroke was 0.9, a sample size of ≥46 subjects was required to achieve 80% power to detect an ICC of 0.9 with a null hypothesis ICC of 0.8 and a significance level of 0.05. To evaluate the ability of the C-UEFI to discern differences between different groups, ≥50 people with chronic stroke and ≥50 healthy controls were required with a CA0 value of 0.3 and CA1 value of 0.7 (28 (link)). A sample of >100 people with chronic stroke were regarded as reasonable based on the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) estimation (29 (link)). Thus, 101 people with stroke were recruited for this study.
Pan H., Ng S.S., Liu T.W., Tsoh J, & Wong T.W. (2023). Psychometric properties of the Chinese (Cantonese) version of the Upper Extremity Functional Index in people with chronic stroke. Frontiers in Neurology, 14, 989403.
Publication 2023
Angina Pectoris Aphasia Arthritis Cardiovascular System Cerebrovascular Accident Chinese Gravity Hearing Impairment Males Mental Tests Movement Multiple Sclerosis Musculoskeletal Diseases Pain Parkinson Disease Pharmaceutical Preparations Self-Help Devices Shoulder Upper Extremity Woman Wrist X-Ray Computed Tomography

Top products related to «Multiple Sclerosis»

1
Prism 7 by GraphPad
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GraphPad Prism 7 is a data analysis and graphing software. It provides tools for data organization, curve fitting, statistical analysis, and visualization. Prism 7 supports a variety of data types and file formats, enabling users to create high-quality scientific graphs and publications.
2
Superdex 200 hr 10 30 column by Merck Group
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The Superdex 200 HR 10/30 column is a size-exclusion chromatography column used for the separation and purification of proteins, peptides, and other biomolecules. It is designed for high-resolution separations and has a separation range of 10,000 to 600,000 Da. The column is packed with a cross-linked agarose-dextran matrix and has a bed volume of 24 ml.
3
Sas version 9 by SAS Institute
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4
Protein g sepharose by Merck Group
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Protein G Sepharose is a laboratory resin used for the purification of antibodies. It consists of Protein G, a bacterial cell wall protein that binds to the Fc region of immunoglobulins, immobilized on a cross-linked agarose matrix. This resin is commonly used to capture and isolate monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies from complex biological samples.
5
Mouse multiple sclerosis rt2 profiler pcr array by Qiagen
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The Mouse Multiple Sclerosis RT2 Profiler PCR Array is a laboratory equipment product designed for the analysis of gene expression in mouse models of multiple sclerosis. It provides a comprehensive tool for the real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay of a panel of genes associated with multiple sclerosis.
6
Quickcalcs software by GraphPad
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Humanref 8 v3.0 expression beadchip by Illumina
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8
Incomplete freund s adjuvant by Merck Group
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Incomplete Freund's adjuvant is a laboratory reagent used to enhance the immune response in certain immunological experiments. It is a water-in-oil emulsion that contains mineral oil and mannide monooleate, but does not contain killed or attenuated microorganisms like the complete Freund's adjuvant. The incomplete Freund's adjuvant is used to induce a strong, sustained immune response without the granulomatous reaction associated with the complete formulation.
9
Iselect hd by Illumina
The ISelect HD is a high-density genotyping array designed for accurate and cost-effective genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and other genomic research applications. The array features a comprehensive content covering a wide range of genetic markers across the human genome.
10
Manifest file immuno beadchip 11419691 b bpm by Illumina
The Manifest file Immuno_BeadChip_11419691_B.bpm is a core component of the Illumina platform, providing a detailed specification of the content and layout of the Immuno_BeadChip array. This file defines the genomic positions, probe sequences, and other critical information required for the accurate analysis of data generated from the Immuno_BeadChip. It serves as a fundamental reference for researchers and analysts working with this particular microarray platform.

More about "Multiple Sclerosis"

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by the presence of demyelinating lesions or plaques dispersed throughout the white matter of the brain and spinal cord.
This condition is associated with a variety of symptoms, including visual disturbances, muscle weakness, coordination and balance difficulties, sensory abnormalities, cognitive impairments, and mood changes.
The pathogenesis of MS involves an aberrant immune response that targets the myelin sheath, the protective layer surrounding nerve fibers.
This results in the formation of scarred or hardened (sclerotic) areas, which disrupt the efficient transmission of electrical signals within the CNS, leading to the characteristic symptoms.
Advances in research and diagnostic tools have significantly improved our understanding of MS.
Techniques like GraphPad Prism 7, a powerful data analysis and graphing software, have enabled researchers to visualize and interpret complex datasets related to MS pathology and disease progression.
Additionally, the use of specialized columns, such as the Superdex 200 HR 10/30, has facilitated the purification and analysis of proteins involved in the disease process.
Genetic and molecular profiling have also played a crucial role in MS research.
The SAS version 9.4 software has been utilized to conduct statistical analyses of genetic and genomic data, while the Mouse Multiple Sclerosis RT2 Profiler PCR Array has enabled the investigation of gene expression patterns associated with the disease.
The HumanRef-8 v3.0 expression beadchip, a microarray platform, has also been employed to study the transcriptional changes in human MS samples.
Immunological aspects of MS have been extensively explored, with tools like Protein G Sepharose, a resin for purifying immunoglobulins, and Incomplete Freund's adjuvant, an immunostimulant, playing key roles in experimental models and therapeutic development.
The ISelect HD, a custom genotyping array, has been utilized to identify genetic variants associated with MS susceptibility.
To streamline and optimize MS research, innovative platforms like PubCompare.ai have emerged.
This AI-driven tool leverages the power of machine learning to help researchers locate the best protocols, products, and experimental approaches from the vast body of scientific literature, preprints, and patents.
By utilizing the QuickCalcs software, researchers can quickly perform statistical analyses and compare the performance of different protocols, ultimately enhancing the efficiency and impact of their MS studies.
In summary, the field of Multiple Sclerosis research has seen significant advancements, with the integration of cutting-edge tools and technologies.
By harnessing the power of these resources, researchers can gain deeper insights into the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this complex neurological disorder, ultimately improving the quality of life for individuals living with MS.