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> Disorders > Disease or Syndrome > Nephrolithiasis

Nephrolithiasis

Nephrolithiasis, also known as kidney stones, is a condition characterized by the formation of solid crystals or stones within the urinary tract.
These stones can cause severe pain, blockages, and other complications if left untreated.
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Most cited protocols related to «Nephrolithiasis»

1
Large-Scale GWAS Across Four Cohorts
Since 2007, twelve separate GWAS have been conducted within these four cohorts (Table 1). The primary traits are breast cancer [16 (link)], pancreatic cancer [43 (link)], glaucoma [44 (link)], endometrial cancer [17 (link)], colon cancer [19 (link)], glioma [45 (link)], prostate cancer [18 (link)], type 2 diabetes [14 (link)], coronary heart disease [15 (link)], kidney stones, gout and mammographic density [20 (link)]. These studies were genotyped on six different arrays (Table 1) at four different genotyping centers (National Cancer Institute, Broad Institute, University of Southern California and Rosetta/Merck). Standard quality control filters for call rate, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and other measures were applied to the genotyped SNPs and/or samples. In total, these GWAS data sets comprise 20,769 participants including 11,522 from NHS, 934 subjects from NHSII, 7,018 subjects from HPFS and 1,305 subjects from PHS.
Lindström S., Loomis S., Turman C., Huang H., Huang J., Aschard H., Chan A.T., Choi H., Cornelis M., Curhan G., De Vivo I., Eliassen A.H., Fuchs C., Gaziano M., Hankinson S.E., Hu F., Jensen M., Kang J.H., Kabrhel C., Liang L., Pasquale L.R., Rimm E., Stampfer M.J., Tamimi R.M., Tworoger S.S., Wiggs J.L., Hunter D.J, & Kraft P. (2017). A comprehensive survey of genetic variation in 20,691 subjects from four large cohorts. PLoS ONE, 12(3), e0173997.
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Publication 2017
Cancer of Colon Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent Endometrial Carcinoma Genome-Wide Association Study Glaucoma Glioma Gout Heart Disease, Coronary Malignant Neoplasm of Breast Nephrolithiasis Pancreatic Cancer Prostate Cancer PTGS1 protein, human Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
2
Multimorbidity Prevalence and Patterns
Prevalence rates and 95% confidence intervals of individual chronic conditions and of multimorbidity were calculated for the SNAC-K study population. The distribution of the number of chronic conditions across sex and age groups was graphically represented. To that end, the 11 original baseline age cohorts from SNAC-K were grouped into four broader categories: 60–66, 72–78, 81–87, and 90+. To account for the sampling design, sex and age-specific weights were applied. Finally, we calculated the number of people with two or more different ICD-10 codes within the same chronic disease category (eg, coexistence of renal calculosis and uterine prolapse in people with “Other genitourinary diseases”), in order to verify whether multimorbidity estimated with the disease categories would differ substantially from multimorbidity estimated with ungrouped individual ICD-10 codes.
Calderón-Larrañaga A., Vetrano D.L., Onder G., Gimeno-Feliu L.A., Coscollar-Santaliestra C., Carfí A., Pisciotta M.S., Angleman S., Melis R.J., Santoni G., Mangialasche F., Rizzuto D., Welmer A.K., Bernabei R., Prados-Torres A., Marengoni A, & Fratiglioni L. (2016). Assessing and Measuring Chronic Multimorbidity in the Older Population: A Proposal for Its Operationalization. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 72(10), 1417-1423.
Publication 2016
Age Groups Chronic Condition Disease, Chronic Nephrolithiasis Urogenital Diseases Uterine Prolapse
3
Lifestyle Intervention for Obese Pregnant Women
Pregnant women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 29 kg/m2 are eligible for inclusion
[17 (link)]. Where pre-pregnancy weight is not known the most earliest antenatal weight will be used. Further inclusion criteria are: before 19+6days of gestation, singleton pregnancy and aged ≥ 18 years.
Women will be excluded from the study if they: are diagnosed with GDM on oral glucose tolerance testing, before randomization, using IADPSG criteria defined as fasting venous plasma glucose ≥ 5.1 mmol/l and/or 1 hour glucose ≥10 mmol/l and/or 2 hour glucose ≥ 8.5 mmol/l at baseline measurement
[18 (link)]; have pre-existing diabetes; are not able to walk at least 100 meter safely; require complex diets; have chronic medical conditions (e.g. valvular heart disease); have significant psychiatric disease; are unable to speak major language of the country of recruitment fluently or are unable to converse with the lifestyle coach in another language for which translated materials exist. For the vitamin D arm, two additional exclusion criteria apply: have current or past abnormal calcium metabolism, e.g. hypo/hyperparathyroidism, nephrolithiasis, hypercalciuria; have hypercalciuria (>0.6 mmol/mmol creatinine in spot morning urine) or hypercalcaemia (>10.6 mg/dl | 2.65 mmol/l) detected at baseline measurement.
Women who have developed GDM at baseline are informed that they can not participate any further in DALI and are recommended to contact their health care provider regarding their GDM. These women are asked to consent to have the information regarding their pregnancy outcomes collected. As the IADPSG criteria are not used to diagnose GDM at all sites, each site has a protocol on how to link women with appropriate services in their locality.
Jelsma J.G., van Poppel M.N., Galjaard S., Desoye G., Corcoy R., Devlieger R., van Assche A., Timmerman D., Jans G., Harreiter J., Kautzky-Willer A., Damm P., Mathiesen E.R., Jensen D.M., Andersen L., Dunne F., Lapolla A., Di Cianni G., Bertolotto A., Wender-Oegowska E., Zawiejska A., Blumska K., Hill D., Rebollo P., Snoek F.J, & Simmons D. (2013). DALI: Vitamin D and lifestyle intervention for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention: an European multicentre, randomised trial – study protocol. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 13, 142.
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Publication 2013
Calcium, Dietary Chronic Condition Creatinine Diagnosis Diet Ergocalciferol Glucose Health Personnel Hypercalcemia Hyperparathyroidism Index, Body Mass Mental Disorders Metabolism Nephrolithiasis Plasma Pregnancy Pregnant Women States, Prediabetic Urine Valve Disease, Heart Veins Woman
4
Randomized Trial of Colorectal Adenoma Prevention
We conducted this randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at 11 academic medical centers and associated medical practices in the United States. Enrollment of patients took place from July 2004 through July 2008. Staff members at each center enrolled patients 45 to 75 years of age who had at least one colorectal adenoma removed within 120 days before enrollment, had no remaining polyps after a complete colonoscopy, and were anticipated to undergo a 3-year or 5-year colonoscopic follow-up examination recommended by the treating endoscopist. Eligible patients were in good general health and did not have familial colorectal cancer syndromes or serious intestinal disease. We did not include patients who had conditions that indicated that the study agents would pose a health risk (e.g., a history of kidney stones or hyperparathyroidism) or who had conditions that would indicate a need for either agent (e.g., osteoporosis). We also did not include patients who had a serum calcium level that was outside the normal range, a creatinine level that was more than 20% above the upper limit of the normal range, or a 25-hydroxyvitamin D level that was lower than 12 ng per milliliter or higher than 90 ng per milliliter.
Baron J.A., Barry E.L., Mott L.A., Rees J.R., Sandler R.S., Snover D.C., Bostick R.M., Ivanova A., Cole B.F., Ahnen D.J., Beck G.J., Bresalier R.S., Burke C.A., Church T.R., Cruz-Correa M., Figueiredo J.C., Goodman M., Kim A.S., Robertson D.J., Rothstein R., Shaukat A., Seabrook M.E, & Summers R.W. (2015). A Trial of Calcium and Vitamin D for the Prevention of Colorectal Adenomas. The New England journal of medicine, 373(16), 1519-1530.
Publication 2015
Adenoma Calcifediol Calcium Colonoscopy Creatinine Hyperparathyroidism Intestinal Diseases Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary Nephrolithiasis Osteoporosis Patients Placebos Polyps Serum
5
Profiling Kidney Disease Biomarkers via EVs
For EVtrap characterization experiments, we used plasma from healthy individuals. For the kidney cancer analysis part of the project, we used 1 mL each of plasma from (a) five healthy individuals (no known kidney-related disease), (b) five patients with diagnosed CKD, some of whom were also diagnosed with kidney stones, and (c) five patients diagnosed with the most common form of kidney cancer, RCC. EVtrap beads were provided by Tymora Analytical as a suspension in water and were used as previously described in more detail.41 (link) The plasma samples were diluted 20 times in the diluent buffer, the EVtrap beads were added to the samples in a 1:2 v/ v ratio, and the samples incubated by end-over-end rotation for 30 min according to the manufacturer’s instructions. After supernatant removal using a magnetic separator rack, the beads were washed with PBS, and the EVs were eluted by a 10 min incubation with 200 mM triethylamine (TEA, Millipore-Sigma). The samples were fully dried in a vacuum centrifuge.
Iliuk A., Wu X., Li L., Sun J., Hadisurya M., Boris R.S, & Tao W.A. (2020). Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Phosphoproteomics through Chemical Affinity Purification. Journal of proteome research, 19(7), 2563-2574.
Publication 2020
Buffers Cancer of Kidney Kidney Diseases Nephrolithiasis Patients Plasma triethylamine Vacuum

Most recents protocols related to «Nephrolithiasis»

1
Quantitative FTIR Analysis of Kidney Stones
The method that we applied for the quantitative analysis of powdered COM and COD using FTIR has been described [19 ]. In the present study, we attempted to extend this method to the analysis of kidney stones. We measured the prepared powder samples (as described in the S1 Fig) with the FT/IR-6100 spectrophotometer mentioned above. A transmission method was used for the measurement. The settings were as follows: cumulative number, 256; measurement range, 600–4000 cm−1, measurement area, 50-μm2. The absorptions of H2O and CO2 were removed from the obtained spectra to eliminate atmospheric influence. The measurement range included the O-H stretching bond at 3200–3550 cm−1, the C = O stretching bond around 1700 cm−1, the C-O stretching bond around 1300 cm−1, and the C-H bending bond at 675–900 cm−1 (Fig 1A) [22 (link), 23 (link)].
We focused on the range of 700–900 cm−1. Although the infrared absorption of COM has a peak at 780 cm−1 and that of COD also has a peak at 780 cm−1, the infrared absorption of COD has a larger half-maximum width compared to that of COM. Thus, COD’s 780 cm-1 absorption peak could be fully differentiated from that of COM at approx. 800 cm−1. Here, we provide a summary of the analysis method in reference [19 ]. First, we calculated the base value of the 780 cm−1 peak (point C) by drawing a line (segment OQ) connecting the bottoms of both valleys of the peak (Fig 1B). We then drew a parallel line (segment R’R) with segment OQ from the measured value at 800 cm−1 (point R’). The vertices of lines OQ and PC are defined as point R. The ratio of line PR to line PC corresponds to the absorption contribution of COM at the 780 cm−1 peak, and the ratio of line RC to line PC corresponds to the absorption contribution of COD at the 780 cm−1 peak.
We defined the absorption ratio of COM to total calcium oxalate as M, and we defined the absorption ratio of COD as D. We describe the proportion of COM as m and that of COD as d for the calcium oxalate samples. The values of m and d can be approximated by the following linear equations, where a, b, a’, and b’ depend on the apparatus used:
Y=MD=a×md+b=aX+b(m<d)
Y′=DM=a′×dm+b′=a′X′+b′(d<m)
To determine a, b, a’, and b’ for the FT/IR-6100 spectrophotometer, we drew a calibration curve using prepared standard samples. COM and COD were mixed at arbitrary molar ratios (see the S1 Fig). Each of the collected standard samples was measured more than six times. We measured the infrared absorption of the kidney stone samples and calculated the content ratios of COM and COD using this calibration curve.
Maruyama M., Sawada K.P., Tanaka Y., Okada A., Momma K., Nakamura M., Mori R., Furukawa Y., Sugiura Y., Tajiri R., Taguchi K., Hamamoto S., Ando R., Tsukamoto K., Takano K., Imanishi M., Yoshimura M., Yasui T, & Mori Y. (2023). Quantitative analysis of calcium oxalate monohydrate and dihydrate for elucidating the formation mechanism of calcium oxalate kidney stones. PLOS ONE, 18(3), e0282743.
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Publication 2023
Molar Nephrolithiasis Oxalate, Calcium Powder Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Transmission, Communicable Disease
2
Renal Cancer Risk Factors in Nephrolithiasis
A retrospective and observational study was carried out by collecting histopathological data and medical reports from 84 patients who underwent nephrectomy due to nephrolithiasis between July 2014 and January 2022 in a single-center general hospital in Indonesia. Our study was registered at the Thai Clinical Trials Registry with identifying number TCTR20220829006. From the medical reports, we extracted data such as the patient’s basic information, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, family history of cancer, alcohol consumption, and chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) consumption. If those data were not available, we conducted a direct interview with the patient to ensure and minimize data loss. All the enrolled patients had informed consent to be included in the study. Histopathological data to diagnose renal cancer follow the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs. The data were saved in Microsoft Excel and then analyzed statistically via SPSS v.24. Continuous data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD), while categorical data are described as frequency (percentage). The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to test the normality assumption. The baseline characteristic between groups was analyzed using an independent-sample t-test, and the Chi-square test was used for the categorical variable.
Multivariate analysis was done using Cox’s proportional hazards models to estimate gender and sex-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Additionally, the relationship between each risk factor and the risk of renal cell carcinoma was analyzed. Lastly, an association of each risk factor was assessed as the primary main exposure to renal cancer risk.
ORs and 95% CIs were determined using Cox proportional hazards regression models using SPSS v.24. During analysis, renal cancer was the cancer of interest and was declared an event. Histological cancer was used as the outcome. Scaled Schoenfeld residuals and log-log curves were utilized to test the proportional hazards assumption. The case-cohort sampling technique introduced additional variance in a sub-cohort from the cohort; the conflict was compensated for using the Huber-White sandwich to estimate the standard errors, akin to Barlow’s variance-covariance estimator. The calculation of the P-values followed the bootstrapping method that was developed for the case-cohort design. This procedure has been described in detail elsewhere. All tests were performed two-sided, and the P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Research Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sumatera Utara. The study was conducted in compliance with the ethical standards of the responsible institution on human subjects as well as with the Helsinki Declaration.
Warli S.M., Mantiri B.J., Sihombing B., Siregar G.P, & Prapiska F.F. (2023). Nephrolithiasis-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma in Patients Who Underwent Nephrectomy: A Single-Center Experience. World Journal of Oncology, 14(1), 94-100.
Publication 2023
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal Cancer of Kidney Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis Faculty Faculty, Medical High Blood Pressures Index, Body Mass Male Genital Organs Malignant Neoplasms Nephrectomy Nephrolithiasis Patients Renal Cell Carcinoma Thai Urologic Neoplasms
3
Exploring Kidney Function Factors
Participants were enrolled in physical examinations at the Physical Examination Center of Zhejiang University’s Second Affiliated Hospital from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020. People with missing CVAI data, kidney stones, positive urine routine proteinuria, positive urinary occult blood, and urinary nitrate to remove urinary tract infections were excluded from this study. Moreover, this study excluded people with missing calculated values of eGFR and eGFR > 120 mL/min/1.73 m2. Finally, a total of 5355 individuals were included, with 1858 cases (eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2) and 3497 controls (90 mL/min/1.73 m2 ≤ eGFR ≤120 mL/min/ 1.73 m2) (Fig. S1). The Ethics Committee of our hospital approved the study. All patients signed to confirm.
Xu Y., Wang X.Y., Liu H., Jin D., Song X., Wang S., Zhou X., Shi M., Zheng C, & Su X. (2023). A novel clinical diagnostic marker predicting the relationship between visceral adiposity and renal function evaluated by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the Chinese physical examination population. Lipids in Health and Disease, 22, 32.
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Publication 2023
EGFR protein, human Ethics Committees, Clinical Hematuria Nephrolithiasis Nitrates Patients Physical Examination Urinary Tract Infection Urine
4
Culturing and Isolating C. albicans Strains
All strains of C. albicans were cultured at 37°C with aeration in 5 ml of YPD [yeast extract (10 g/liter; VWR J850-500G), peptone (20 g/liter; VWR J636-500G), and dextrose (20 g/liter; VWR BDH9230-500G)] broth. For in vivo mouse experiments, C. albicans strains were grown static overnight in 10 ml of YPD. The selection of the urinary clinical strains tested in this study was based on high fungal burden during isolation (~106 to 108 CFU/ml) and infections developed at different time points and urinary tract sites. Pt62 was recovered from a patient that had a catheter for 1 day. Pt65 was recovered from a patient that had a catheter for 6 days. PCNL1 is a kidney stone clinical isolate from a catheterized patient with a C. albicans kidney infection.
La Bella A.A., Andersen M.J., Gervais N.C., Molina J.J., Molesan A., Stuckey P.V., Wensing L., Nobile C.J., Shapiro R.S., Santiago-Tirado F.H, & Flores-Mireles A.L. (2023). The catheterized bladder environment promotes Efg1- and Als1-dependent Candida albicans infection. Science Advances, 9(9), eade7689.
Publication 2023
Candida albicans Catheters Glucose Infection isolation Mice, House Nephrolithiasis Patients Peptones Pyelonephritis Strains Urinary Tract Urine Yeasts
5
Comprehensive Socioeconomic and Agricultural Assessment
Demographic and socio-economic data will be collected at baseline for all participants using questions adapted from the 5th round of the Indian National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) [5 ]. Specific variables to be assessed include age, sex, marital status, educational attainment, occupation, caste, cooking fuel, source of drinking water, toilet facility, household construction materials, and asset ownership including livestock. A household wealth index will be calculated from these variables using principal components analysis.
Information on cropping pattern, land cultivated, land irrigated, and land owned, in both Kharif (monsoon season) and Rabi (winter season), will be collected using questions adapted from the Indian Agriculture Census [103 ] and NSSO Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households [102 ]. Farmer estimates will be used to estimate crop yields, quantity sold, where it was sold, and the sale value. This survey will also include questions on chemical input use, pesticide storage, and all expenses relating to crop production in the past 12 months (seeds, soil, fertilisers, manure, pesticides, diesel, electricity, human labour, animal labour, irrigation, minor repairs and maintenances, machinery hire, and lease rent for land). Detailed information will be collected from all adult participants on years working in agriculture; how many days per week and hours per day engaged in agricultural work; and which specific agricultural activities are undertaken. For those reporting activities relating to pesticides (e.g., mixing, loading, and/or application), additional information on chemicals used, application rate, method of mixing, method of application, use of personal protective measures and/or equipment, and personal hygiene practices will be collected. This survey will also query domestic use of pesticides for insect control. Questions are adapted from a survey on pesticide use in Thailand [93 (link)].
We will measure key practices emphasised by the APCNF programme in order to quantify fidelity. Indicators, as provided by RySS, will include poly cropping, inter cropping, multi-layer cropping, border crops, trap crops, fruit trees, pre-monsoon dry sowing, cattle grazing on pre-monsoon dry sowed crop, 365 days green cover, indigenous seeds, Beejamrutham seed coating, minimal tillage, mulching, manual weeding, mechanical weeding, irrigation, botanical inputs for pest management, pheromone and sticky traps for pest management, use of Jeevamruth, and use of cattle manure.
Self-reported medical history and current medication use will be assessed for all participants. Diseases will include diabetes, hypertension, high blood cholesterol, heart disease/angina/heart attack/stroke, chronic kidney disease, kidney stones, asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/emphysema, cancer, and cataracts. We will also collect information on pesticide poisoning (both intentional and unintentional). Information will be collected from women on their number of pregnancies and number of live births.
Jaacks L.M., Bliznashka L., Craig P., Eddleston M., Gathorne-Hardy A., Kumar R., Mohan S., Norrie J., Rajan S., Roy A., Yandrapu B., Srinivasapura Venkateshmurthy N, & Prabhakaran P. (2023). Co-Benefits of Largescale Organic farming On huMan health (BLOOM): Protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled evaluation of the Andhra Pradesh Community-managed Natural Farming programme in India. PLOS ONE, 18(3), e0281677.
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Publication 2023
Adult Angina Pectoris Animals Asthma BLOOD Cataract Cattle Cerebrovascular Accident Chronic Kidney Diseases Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease Crop, Avian Diabetes Mellitus Electricity Emphysema Farmers Fruit Heart Diseases High Blood Pressures Homo sapiens Households Hypercholesterolemia Insect Control Livestock Malignant Neoplasms Nephrolithiasis Pesticides Pharmaceutical Preparations Pheromone Poly A SELL protein, human Trees Woman Wound Healing

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More about "Nephrolithiasis"

Nephrolithiasis, also known as renal lithiasis or kidney stones, is a common urological condition characterized by the formation of solid crystalline deposits within the urinary tract.
These hard mineral concretions, or stones, can cause severe pain, obstruction, and other potentially serious complications if left untreated.
The development of nephrolithiasis is a complex process involving various factors, including diet, genetics, and metabolic abnormalities.
Certain substances, such as calcium, oxalate, and uric acid, can accumulate and crystallize in the kidneys, leading to stone formation.
Conditions like hyperparathyroidism, inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic diarrhea can also increase the risk of nephrolithiasis.
Patients with nephrolithiasis may experience symptoms such as intense flank or abdominal pain, hematuria (blood in the urine), and urinary tract infections.
Diagnostic tools, including imaging techniques like CT scans and ultrasound, are often used to detect and characterize the stones.
Treatment for nephrolithiasis can vary depending on the size, location, and composition of the stones.
Conservative management, such as increased fluid intake and dietary modifications, may be effective for smaller stones.
Larger or symptomatic stones may require more invasive interventions, such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopy, or percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
Researchers investigating nephrolithiasis can leverage powerful analytical tools like SAS (Statistical Analysis System) software and SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) to analyze data and gain deeper insights into the underlying mechanisms and risk factors.
Additionally, animal models, such as C57BL/6 mice, can be used to study the pathogenesis and evaluate potential therapeutic interventions.
By understanding the complex nature of nephrolithiasis and utilizing advanced research methodologies and technologies, researchers can contribute to the development of more effective prevention and treatment strategies, ultimately improving the quality of life for individuals affected by this common urological condition.