> Disorders > Injury or Poisoning > Brain Concussion

Brain Concussion

Q: What are the main symptoms of a brain concussion?

The main symptoms of a brain concussion include confusion, headache, dizziness, memory loss, and temporary loss of brain function. These symptoms can occur immediately after the head injury and may last for days or weeks.

Q: What are the different types or variations of brain concussions?

Brain concussions can vary in severity, from mild to more severe. Mild concussions may only cause temporary symptoms, while more severe concussions can lead to longer-lasting effects and increased risk of complications. Additionally, some people may experience multiple concussions, which can have cumulative impacts on brain function.

Brain concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury caused by a sudden impact or jolt to the head.
It can result in temporary loss of brain function, such as confusion, headache, dizziness, and memory loss.
Accurate and reproducible research is crucial for understanding the underlying mechanisms and developing effective treatments for brain concussion.
PubCompare.ai enhances brain concussion research by providing AI-powered protocol optimization, helping researchers locate the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents.
With intelligent comparisons, PubCompare.ai identifes the optimal protocols and products to advance your brain concussion studies, improving the quality and efficiency of your research.
Discover how PubCompare.ai can take your brain concussion research to the next level.

Most cited protocols related to «Brain Concussion»

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Brain Donation

The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)-BU-Concussion Legacy Foundation (CLF) Brain Donation Registry and Brain Bank is a collaborative effort of the CTE Research Program within the BU Alzheimer’s Disease Center (ADC), the VA Boston Healthcare System, and CLF, a non-profit organization dedicated to brain trauma research and education. Subject recruitment is ongoing and will occur throughout the 4-year study period. Figure 2 shows recruitment mechanisms in place since UNITE recruitment began in January 2014. For the majority of the brain donors, the subjects’ next of kin contact the brain bank and agree to donate near the time of death. While living, some study subjects agree, through the Brain Donation Registry, to donate their brain and spinal cord after death. Potential subjects can register at any time, provided they meet specific inclusion and exclusion criteria (detailed below). The registry currently has nearly 600 potential living subjects. We anticipate that several hundred more will join the registry over the 4-year study period. On the basis of the rate of brain donation in recent previous work, we anticipate that 300 subject specimens will be donated over the 4-year study period, with 20 % acquired through the registry.Fig. 2

Recruitment mechanisms in place at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs–Boston University–Concussion Legacy Foundation Brain Donation Registry and Brain Bank since Understanding Neurologic Injury and Traumatic Encephalopathy project recruitment began. Next-of-kin recruitment: A potential donor’s legal next of kin contacts the brain bank near the time of death to ask about participation. Active recruitment: A member of the brain bank staff contacts a potential donor’s next of kin near the time of death to ask about participation. Brain Donation Registry: A potential donor contacts the brain bank and pledges to donate upon death. Medical examiner: A medical examiner contacts the brain bank upon suspicion of a diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy or if an individual’s family member expresses to the medical examiner interest in brain donation. Consultations: A neuropathologist contacts the brain bank to release tissue for further evaluation

Mez J., Solomon T.M., Daneshvar D.H., Murphy L., Kiernan P.T., Montenigro P.H., Kriegel J., Abdolmohammadi B., Fry B., Babcock K.J., Adams J.W., Bourlas A.P., Papadopoulos Z., McHale L., Ardaugh B.M., Martin B.R., Dixon D., Nowinski C.J., Chaisson C., Alvarez V.E., Tripodis Y., Stein T.D., Goldstein L.E., Katz D.I., Kowall N.W., Cantu R.C., Stern R.A, & McKee A.C. (2015). Assessing clinicopathological correlation in chronic traumatic encephalopathy: rationale and methods for the UNITE study. Alzheimer's Research & Therapy, 7, 62.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2015

Brain Brain Concussion Brain Death Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Diagnosis Donors Family Member Neuropathologist Spinal Cord Tissues Trauma, Nervous System Traumatic Brain Injury Unite resin Veterans

Concussion Assessment: Vestibular, Ocular, and Symptom Evaluation

This study was approved under an exempt medical records review protocol by the University of Pittsburgh Human Subjects Institutional Review Board. All concussed patients completed the VOMS and PCSS assessments during their initial clinical visit after a sport-related concussion. Physical therapists trained in screening vestibular and ocular motor function administered the 3 measures in private examination rooms. The order of administration of these measures was (1) the PCSS, (2) a computerized neurocognitive test whose data were not analyzed for the purposes of this study, and (3) the VOMS. All healthy controls completed the VOMS and PCSS as part of a standard baseline testing and education program. The VOMS was administered individually in a clinic setting to the control group by vestibular physical therapists and athletic trainers educated in vestibular and ocular motor screening. The PCSS was administered to the controls in small groups (with ≤3 participants) in supervised examination rooms.

Mucha A., Collins M.W., Elbin R.J., Furman J.M., Troutman-Enseki C., DeWolf R.M., Marchetti G, & Kontos A.P. (2014). A Brief Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) Assessment to Evaluate Concussions: Preliminary Findings. The American journal of sports medicine, 42(10), 2479-2486.

Publication 2014

Brain Concussion Ethics Committees, Research Eye Movements Homo sapiens Ocular Physiological Phenomena Patients Physical Therapist Programmed Learning Vestibular Labyrinth

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Follow-up Study

Inclusion criteria were (1) having sustained MTBI and (2) age 16.0–59.9 years. The upper limit was chosen since participants were also invited to MRI, and the burden of non-traumatic abnormalities increases with age, making it more difficult to study the impact of the MTBI. We applied the recent definition of TBI, defining TBI as “an alteration in brain function, or other evidence of brain pathology, caused by an external force” [23 (link)]. In the present study, these criteria were operationalised as follows: we included patients who had experienced a physical trauma towards the head or high energy trauma, if either (1) witnessed loss of consciousness (LOC) or confusion and/or (2) self-reported amnesia for the event or the time period after the event, and/or (3) a traumatic brain lesions on CT was reported. Next, cases identified with TBI were further categorised as mild (MTBI) if they met the WHO criteria for being mild: Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score 13–15 at presentation, LOC < 30 min, and posttraumatic amnesia (PTA) < 24 h [1 ]. Evaluation of intoxicated patients represented a challenge, and we sought to be confident that their self-reported amnesia was a result of MTBI and not intoxication. Therefore, only patients who had been observed by the people accompanying them as fully conscious prior to the injury, or who reported complete memory for events immediately prior to the injury, were considered to have a MTBI.
MTBI was the chosen term in this study, acknowledging that the term “concussion” may be more common in the sports medicine literature [7 (link)]. Exclusion criteria in the Trondheim MTBI follow-up study were late presentation or presence of co-morbidities or circumstances that would make it very difficult to follow-up patients or where a valid MTBI-related outcome could not be obtained: (a) non-residency in Norway or non-fluency in the Norwegian language, (b) ongoing, severe psychiatric disease, severe somatic disease or drug abuse; that would complicate follow-up, (c) history of complicated mild, moderate or severe TBI or other neurological conditions with brain pathology visible on imaging or known cognitive deficits, (d) presentation > 48 h after the initial trauma, and (e) other concurrent major trauma, such as spinal cord injury, severe fractures or internal injuries.

Skandsen T., Einarsen C.E., Normann I., Bjøralt S., Karlsen R.H., McDonagh D., Nilsen T.L., Akslen A.N., Håberg A.K, & Vik A. (2018). The epidemiology of mild traumatic brain injury: the Trondheim MTBI follow-up study. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 26, 34.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2018

Amnesia Brain Brain Concussion Brain Diseases Congenital Abnormality Consciousness Craniocerebral Trauma Diploid Cell Disorders, Cognitive Drug Abuse Fracture, Bone Injuries Memory Mental Disorders Patients Physical Examination Residency Self Confidence Spinal Cord Injuries Wounds and Injuries

Mild TBI in Children: Neurobehavioral Outcomes

Participants were part of a larger prospective, longitudinal study of the neurobehavioral outcomes of mild TBI in children and adolescents (Yeates & Taylor, 2005 (link); Yeates et al., in press ). Children were recruited from the Emergency Departments at Nationwide Children’s Hospital in Columbus, Ohio and Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital in Cleveland, Ohio. All children from 8 to 15 years of age who presented for evaluation of closed-head trauma were screened to determine whether they met criteria for participation.
Children were included if they had sustained a blunt head trauma resulting in an observed loss of consciousness, or a Glasgow Coma Scale (Teasdale & Jennett, 1974 (link)) score of 13 or 14, or at least two acute signs or symptoms of concussion as noted by Emergency Department medical personnel. Acute signs and symptoms of concussion included persistent posttraumatic amnesia, transient neurological deficits, vomiting, nausea, headache, diplopia, or dizziness. Children were excluded if their injury resulted in a loss of consciousness lasting more than 30 min or if they had any Glasgow Coma Scale score less than 13. They were also excluded if they demonstrated any delayed neurological deterioration or had any medical contraindication to magnetic resonance imaging. Children were not excluded if they required hospitalization or demonstrated intracranial lesions or skull fractures on acute computerized tomography.
Children also were excluded if they met any of the following general criteria: neurosurgical or surgical intervention; any associated injury with an Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS; American Association for Automotive Medicine, 1990 ) score greater than 3; any associated injury that interfered with neuropsychological testing (e.g., fracture of preferred upper extremity); hypoxia, hypotension, or shock during or following the injury; ethanol or drug ingestion involved with the injury; documented history of previous head injury requiring medical treatment; premorbid neurological disorder or mental retardation; any injury determined to be a result of child abuse or assault; or a history of severe psychiatric disorder requiring hospitalization.
Among children who met all inclusion/exclusion criteria, the participation rate was 48%. Demographic and census tract data were compiled for both participants and nonparticipants (Federal Financial Institutions Examinations Council Geocoding System, 2002). Participants and nonparticipants did not differ significantly in age, gender, or ethnic/ racial minority status, or in census tract measures of socioeconomic status (i.e., mean family income, percentage of minority heads of household, and percentage of households below the poverty line).
The final sample included 186 children with a mean age of 11.96 years (SD = 2.22). They were 71% male and 27% ethnic or racial minority. Their socioeconomic status as rated on the Duncan Occupational Status Index (Stevens & Cho, 1985 ) was generally middle class (M = 39.04; SD = 18.47). Their overall injury severity as rated on the Modified Injury Severity Score (Mayer et al., 1980 ) was mild (M = 4.62; SD = 4.54). Within the sample, 10% had a GCS score less than 15 and 39% had an observed loss of consciousness, usually very brief in duration (median = 1 min, range = 0–15 min). Recreational and sports-related injuries were the most common cause of injury.

AYR L.K., YEATES K.O., GERRY TAYLOR H, & BROWNE M. (2009). Dimensions of postconcussive symptoms in children with mild traumatic brain injuries. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 15(1), 19-30.

Publication 2009

Abuse, Child Adolescent Amnesia Athletic Injuries Brain Concussion Child Craniocerebral Trauma Cranium Ethanol Fracture, Bone Gender Headache Head Injury, Blunt Head of Household Health Personnel Hospitalization Households Hypoxia Infant Injuries Injuries, Closed Head Intellectual Disability Males Mental Disorders Minority Groups Nausea Nervous System Disorder Operative Surgical Procedures Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Examination Racial Minorities Shock Transients Upper Extremity X-Ray Computed Tomography

Concussion History Evaluation in Athletes

We conducted telephone-based structured interviews as part of a cross-sectional study of former and current athletes participating in the Longitudinal Evaluation to Gain Evidence of Neurodegenerative Disease (LEGEND)15 (link) project at the Boston University Center for the Study of Traumatic Encephalopathy (CSTE). Participants were considered athletes if they had a history of participating in at least one organized sport featuring officiated competition. Participants’ primary sports are reported in Table 1. Interviews were conducted by trained research assistants. Informed consent was provided in accordance with the Boston University School of Medicine Institutional Review Board. All participants volunteered to take part in the study after contacting the CSTE; investigators did not actively recruit subjects for this study. Further discussion of the LEGEND study protocol has been reported elsewhere in the literature.15 (link) Participants were asked to provide an estimate of the number of concussions they had sustained throughout their lives. No guidance or additional information was provided by the interviewer. After participants had provided their estimated number, interviewers read the following definition, based on the Centers for Disease Control1 statement on sports-related concussion and the consensus statement on concussion in sport from the Third International Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Zurich:12 (link)
Interviewers then prompted participants to again estimate their lifetime number of concussions, but based on the above definition. Since the project was conducted, a more recent consensus statement on concussion in sport has been created, which remains consistent with our definition.13 (link) Baseline and post-definition concussion history estimates were analyzed in PSAW V.20 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA).

Robbins C.A., Daneshvar D.H., Picano J.D., Gavett B.E., Baugh C.M., Riley D.O., Nowinski C.J., McKee A.C., Cantu R.C, & Stern R.A. (2014). Self-reported concussion history: impact of providing a definition of concussion. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, 5, 99-103.

Publication 2014

ARID1A protein, human Athletes Brain Concussion Conferences Ethics Committees, Research Interviewers Neurodegenerative Disorders Pharmaceutical Preparations Traumatic Brain Injury

Most recents protocols related to «Brain Concussion»

Validation of Photorealistic Immersive Environment

One hundred and fifty-eight participants (Table 1) were recruited through social networks between February 2020 and April 2021. A minimum of 154 participants was required based on an a priori power analysis performed using G*Power 3.1. (Faul et al. 2009 (link)) with alpha threshold of 0.01, power of 0.8 and an intermediate effect size of 0.25 for the correlation between state and trait measures.Table 1

Demographic data and descriptive statistics of trait measures

	N (%)	Mean (SD)	Median (IQR)	Min–Max
Age		30.50 (11.50)		18–50
Education
(1) Primary	0 (0.0%)
(2) Lower secondary	5 (3.2%)
(3) Apprenticeship	5 (3.2%)
(4) Special-needs education	3 (1.9%)
(5) Upper secondary	21 (13.3%)
(6–9) Vocational school	23 (14.6%)
(10) Bachelor	67 (42.4%)
(11) Master	34 (21.5%)
(12) Doctorate	0 (0.0%)
Gender (M/F)	60/98
Familiarity with technologies
Smartphone
No use	8 (5.1%)
Rarely	0 (0.0%)
Occasionally	5 (3.2%)
Often	9 (5.7%)
Very often	136 (86.1%)
Computer
No use	16 (10.1%)
Rarely	6 (3.8%)
Occasionally	14 (8.9%)
Often	25 (15.8%)
Very often	97 (61.4%)
Videos games
No use	75 (47.5%)
Rarely	26 (16.5%)
Occasionally	21 (13.3%)
Often	18 (11.4%)
Very often	18 (11.4%)
Virtual reality
No use	100 (63.3%)
Occasionally	57 (36.1%)
Regularly	1 (0.6%)
Familiarity with Virtual reality		2.62 (1.84)		1–7
Immersive tendencies (ITQ)
Focus		23.10 (4.34)		10–34
Involvement		18.10 (5.74)		5–32
Emotion		15.50 (4.47)		6–26
Game		7.85 (3.96)		3–21
State anxiety (STAI-Y A)			28 (11.75)	20–65
Trait measures
Social anxiety (FNE)			13 (12.75)	0–29
Paranoia (GPTS-B)			19 (14.75)	16–78
Depressive symptoms (CES-D)			13 (13.50)	0–47
Consumption N (%)	Non-smokers/non-drinkers	Smokers/drinkers		Former smokers
Nicotine	108 (68.4%)	31 (19.6%)		19 (12.0%)
Alcohol	8 (5.1%)	150 (94.9%)

ITQ Immersive Tendencies Questionnaire, STAI-Y A State scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, FNE fear of negative evaluation, GPTS-B Green et al. Paranoid Thoughts Scale—part B, CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies—Depression

The study was presented to the participants as the validation of a photorealistic immersive environment in the general population. Participants were aged between 18 and 50 years. Exclusion criteria included color blindness, brain injury or concussion with blackouts, epilepsy, severe migraine, cancer, hepatic disease, carbon intoxication, dyslexia, dyspraxia, dyscalculia or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Participants with sever motion sickness (i.e., reporting being consistently nauseated and/or vomiting in at least two transport situations) were also excluded based on a modified version of the motion sickness susceptibility questionnaire (Golding 1998 (link)). This questionnaire is used to determine sensitivity to kinetosis, which is moderately correlated with a general tendency towards cybersickness (Kim et al. 2005 (link)).

Della Libera C., Simon J., Larøi F., Quertemont E, & Wagener A. (2023). Using 360-degree immersive videos to assess multiple transdiagnostic symptoms: A study focusing on fear of negative evaluation, paranoid thoughts, negative automatic thoughts, and craving. Virtual Reality.

Publication 2023

Acalculia Alanine Transaminase Apraxias Blindness, Color Brain Concussion Brain Injuries Carbon Depressive Symptoms Disorder, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Dyslexia Epilepsy Fear Gender Hypersensitivity Liver Diseases Malignant Neoplasms Migraine Disorders Motion Sickness Neuroses, Anxiety Non-Smokers Paranoia Social Anxiety Submersion Susceptibility, Disease Thinking

Pediatric Concussion Assessment in ER

This cohort study was approved by each participating site’s institutional review board. Parents or guardians and participants provided informed consent or assent as appropriate. This study is reported in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) reporting guideline. This study was a secondary analysis of the Advancing Concussion Assessment in Pediatrics (A-CAP) prospective cohort study.^{11 (link)} Participants were recruited from 5 EDs within the Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC) network (British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver; Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary; Stollery Children’s Hospital, Edmonton; Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario [CHEO], Ottawa; and Ste-Justine Hospital, Montreal) between 2016 and 2018.

van Ierssel J.J., Tang K., Beauchamp M., Bresee N., Cortel-LeBlanc A., Craig W., Doan Q., Gravel J., Lyons T., Mannix R., Orr S., Zemek R, & Yeates K.O. (2023). Association of Posttraumatic Headache With Symptom Burden After Concussion in Children. JAMA Network Open, 6(3), e231993.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2023

Brain Concussion Child Emergencies Ethics Committees, Research Legal Guardians Parent

Adolescent Concussion Assessment Protocol

Details of the A-CAP study have been published elsewhere.^{11 (link)} Briefly, using standardized questionnaires collected by trained research assistants via Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap; Vanderbilt University)^{14 (link),15 (link)} at ED enrollment, participants provided information on demographics, injury characteristics, previous concussion and migraine history, and the validated 5P risk score (ED-collected variables that stratify risk of postconcussion symptoms at 4-weeks).^{3 (link)} Parents identified their child’s race from predetermined categories (including Asian, Black, Hispanic, Indigenous, White, and other or multiracial) on an electronic questionnaire. Race and ethnicity were assessed since they have been reported as associated with prolonged recovery in adolescents after concussion.^{16 (link)} Parents rated their child’s preinjury symptoms retrospectively using the Health and Behavior Inventory (HBI).^{17 (link)} Children rated postinjury symptoms at a postacute visit targeted for 10 days after injury using the HBI^{17 (link)} and Postconcussion Symptom Interview,^{18 (link)} which were used to classify headache phenotype. Children completed the HBI^{17 (link)} and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory–Version 4.0 (PedsQL-4.0)^{19 (link)} at a follow-up visit 3 months after injury.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2023

Adolescent Asian Persons Brain Concussion Child Ethnicity Headache Hispanics Injuries Migraine Disorders Parent Phenotype Post-Concussion Syndrome

Concussion and Orthopedic Injury Study

Participants were children aged 8.00 to 16.99 years who presented to a participating ED within 48 hours of injury. Children were eligible for inclusion in the concussion group if they had a history of blunt head trauma resulting in at least 1 of 3 criteria consistent with the WHO definition of mild TBI^{12 (link)}: (1) an observed loss of consciousness less than 30 minutes; (2) a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13 or 14; or (3) at least 1 acute sign or symptom of concussion as noted by ED medical personnel on a standard case report form. Inclusion criteria for the OI group were upper or lower extremity injuries (eg, fractures, sprains, or strains) arising from blunt trauma associated with Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)¹³ score of 4 or less. Exclusion criteria for the concussion group were deteriorating neurological status, neurosurgical intervention, loss of consciousness more than 30 minutes, posttraumatic amnesia more than 24 hours, or AIS score greater than 4. Exclusion criteria for the OI group were any head trauma or acute signs or symptoms of concussion (including headache) at the time of recruitment, surgical intervention, or procedural sedation. Exclusion criteria for both groups included previous overnight hospitalization for TBI, past concussion within 3 months, or a neurodevelopmental disorder.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2023

Amnesia Brain Concussion Child Craniocerebral Trauma Fracture, Bone Headache Head Injury, Blunt Health Personnel Hospitalization Injuries Leg Injuries Neurodevelopmental Disorders Neurosurgical Procedures Nonpenetrating Wounds Operative Surgical Procedures Sedatives Sprain Strains

Classifying Post-Traumatic Headaches

Participants were considered to have a PTH if they endorsed a headache sometimes or often on the HBI^{17 (link)} within 10 days after injury. Headaches were classified into 1 of 4 mutually exclusive phenotype groups according to modified International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd Edition (ICHD-3)^{20 (link)} clinical criteria, based on self-reported symptoms: (1) PTH-M: participant with concussion endorsed PTH on the HBI^{17 (link)} and nausea or both photophobia and phonophobia on the Postconcussion Symptom Interview^{18 (link)}; (2) PTH-NM: participant with concussion endorsed PTH that did not include migraine characteristics; (3) no PTH: participant with concussion endorsed PTH never or rarely, regardless of whether they endorsed nausea, photophobia, or phonophobia; (4) OI: participant with OI met the criteria for no PTH.

Full text: Click here

Publication 2023

Brain Concussion Headache Headache Disorders Injuries Migraine Disorders Nausea Phenotype Phonophobia Photophobia Post-Concussion Syndrome

Top products related to «Brain Concussion»

Sas 9 by SAS Institute

Sourced in United States, Austria, Japan, Belgium, United Kingdom, Cameroon, China, Denmark, Canada, Israel, New Caledonia, Germany, Poland, India, France, Ireland, Australia

SAS 9.4 is an integrated software suite for advanced analytics, data management, and business intelligence. It provides a comprehensive platform for data analysis, modeling, and reporting. SAS 9.4 offers a wide range of capabilities, including data manipulation, statistical analysis, predictive modeling, and visual data exploration.

Sas version 9 by SAS Institute

Sourced in United States, Austria, Japan, Cameroon, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, Belgium, Israel, Denmark, Australia, New Caledonia, France, Argentina, Sweden, Ireland, India

SAS version 9.4 is a statistical software package. It provides tools for data management, analysis, and reporting. The software is designed to help users extract insights from data and make informed decisions.

Spss statistic by IBM

Sourced in United States, Japan, United Kingdom, Germany, Belgium, Austria, Italy, Poland, India, Canada, Switzerland, Spain, China, Sweden, Brazil, Australia, Hong Kong

SPSS Statistics is a software package used for interactive or batched statistical analysis. It provides data access and management, analytical reporting, graphics, and modeling capabilities.

Matlab by MathWorks

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Canada, Japan, Sweden, Austria, Morocco, Switzerland, Australia, Belgium, Italy, Netherlands, China, France, Denmark, Norway, Hungary, Malaysia, Israel, Finland, Spain

MATLAB is a high-performance programming language and numerical computing environment used for scientific and engineering calculations, data analysis, and visualization. It provides a comprehensive set of tools for solving complex mathematical and computational problems.

Spss statistical software by IBM

Sourced in United States, Japan, United Kingdom, Belgium, Austria, Australia, Spain

SPSS is a comprehensive statistical software package that enables data analysis, data management, and data visualization. It provides a wide range of statistical techniques, including descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, predictive analytics, and advanced modeling. SPSS is designed to help users efficiently manage and analyze large datasets, making it a valuable tool for researchers, statisticians, and data analysts.

Spss version 22 by IBM

Sourced in United States, Japan, United Kingdom, Austria, Germany, Czechia, Belgium, Denmark, Canada

SPSS version 22.0 is a statistical software package developed by IBM. It is designed to analyze and manipulate data for research and business purposes. The software provides a range of statistical analysis tools and techniques, including regression analysis, hypothesis testing, and data visualization.

Spss v24 by IBM

Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Spain, Germany, Austria

SPSS v24 is a software application for statistical analysis. It provides tools for data management, analysis, and visualization. The core function of SPSS v24 is to assist users in processing and analyzing data, including the ability to perform various statistical tests and generate reports.

Spss version 20 by IBM

Sourced in United States, Japan, United Kingdom, Germany, Belgium, Austria, Spain, France, Denmark, Switzerland, Ireland

SPSS version 20 is a statistical software package developed by IBM. It provides a range of data analysis and management tools. The core function of SPSS version 20 is to assist users in conducting statistical analysis on data.

Spss software v 18 by IBM

Sourced in United States

SPSS software v.18.0 is a statistical analysis tool developed by IBM. It is designed to assist users in data management, analysis, and visualization. The software provides a range of statistical techniques and methods to help users understand and interpret data.

What are the main symptoms of a brain concussion?

How can PubCompare.ai help with brain concussion research?

PubCompare.ai can enhance brain concussion research by providing AI-powered protocol optimization. The platform helps researchers locate the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, and identifies the optimal protocols and products to advance their brain concussion studies. This improves the quality and effiency of the research, leading to more accurate and reproducible results.

What are the different types or variations of brain concussions?

How can researchers use PubCompare.ai to improve their brain concussion studies?

PubCompare.ai allows researchers to screen protocol literature more effciently and leverage AI to pinpoint critical insights. The platform can help researchers identify the most effective protocols related to brain concussion for their specific research goals. The AI-driven analysis can highlight key differences in protocol effectiveness, enabling researchers to choose the best option for reproducibility and accuracy in their brain concussion studies.

What are some common usage challenges with brain concussion research?

One common challenge in brain concussion research is ensuring the accuracy and reproducibility of results. Variability in research protocols, differences in patient populations, and difficulties in objectively measuring brain function can all contribute to inconsistent findings. PubCompare.ai can assist researchers in overcoming these challenges by helping them identify the optimal protocols and products to advance their studies.

More about "Brain Concussion"

Traumatic Brain Injury, TBI, Concussion, Brain Injury, Head Injury, SAS 9.4, SPSS Statistics, MATLAB, SPSS software, SPSS version 22.0, SPSS v24, SPSS version 20, SPSS version 18.0