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Radiation Exposure

Radiation Exposrue: The absorption of ionizing radiation by the body, whether accidental, occupational, or for medical purposes.
Excessive or uncontrolled exposure can result in tissue damage and an increased risk of cancer.
PubCompare.ai offers advanced tools to help researchers optimize radiation exposure studies, quickly locate the best protocols, and leverage AI-driven analysis to identify the most accurate and effective methods.
Take your radiation exposure research to new heights with this powerful platform.

Most cited protocols related to «Radiation Exposure»

1
Mental Health Assessment After Fukushima Disaster
Mental health disorders were an important long-term health effect of the Chernobyl accident.17 (link)–27 (link) Deaths of close relatives, loss of home and property, and fearful experiences during the disaster resulted in psychological trauma for many residents of Fukushima Prefecture. Furthermore, some may have been mentally affected by evacuation, and others may have experienced anxiety regarding radiation exposure. To prevent excess mortality, it is essential to assess their mental health and lifestyle, prevent lifestyle-related diseases, and provide care as necessary.
Target: The target cohort was the same as that for the comprehensive health check, 210 189 people.
Methods: Questionnaires have been mailed since 18 January 2012.
Survey items: The survey items vary according to age category (there are 3 age categories for children and 1 for adults) but mainly ask about current mental and physical status, lifestyle (diet, sleep, smoking, alcohol, and exercise), activities during the last 6 months, and experience during the earthquake (Table 2). Parents of children aged 4 through 15 years are asked to evaluate their children using the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).28 (link) The K6 scale and PTSD Checklist Stressor-Specific Version (PCL) are self-administered for people 16 years or older.29 (link),30 Support after the survey: Clinical psychologists and other specialists on the mental health support team offer telephone counseling as necessary based on answers to the questionnaires. When telephone counseling reveals a need for medical support, 93 registered doctors in medical institutions in Fukushima Prefecture are available for introduction. Further treatment is given by a specialist at Fukushima Medical University if necessary. These registered doctors are mainly psychiatrists or pediatricians who agreed to be registered and who attended a relevant seminar or are certified by Fukushima Medical University.
When telephone counseling reveals a need for care by a doctor specialized in radiation, a member of the Radiation Health Consultation Team, which consists of faculty at Fukushima Medical University, will be introduced.
Study Protocol for the Fukushima Health Management Survey. (2012). Journal of Epidemiology, 22(5), 375-383.
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Publication 2012
6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency Accidents Adult Anxiety Child Diet Disasters Earthquakes Ethanol Faculty Fear Longterm Effects Mental Disorders Mental Health Parent Pediatricians Physical Examination Physicians Psychiatrist Psychological Trauma Radiation Exposure Radiotherapy Sleep
2
Subclinical CVD Risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis
The Evaluation of Subclinical Cardiovascular disease And Predictors of Events in Rheumatoid Arthritis Study (ESCAPE RA) is a cohort study of the prevalence, progression, and risk factors for subclinical CVD in men and women with RA. The ESCAPE RA study was designed with identical inclusion and exclusion criteria (except for the diagnosis of RA) to MESA, a population-based cohort study of subclinical CVD with similar objectives. The ESCAPE RA inclusion criteria were: fulfillment of American College of Rheumatology criteria for the classification of RA [18 (link)] of ≥ 6 months; and age 45 to 84 years. Medical records were reviewed for each participant to confirm diagnosis. Exclusion criteria were: prevalent CVD prior to enrollment (prior CVD was defined as self-reported or physician-diagnosed myocardial infarction, heart failure, coronary artery revascularization, angioplasty, peripheral vascular disease or procedures (excluding varicose vein procedures), implanted pacemaker or defibrillator devices, and current atrial fibrillation); weight exceeding 300 pounds (due to imaging equipment limitations); and CT scan of the chest within 6 months prior to enrollment (to limit radiation exposure).
Given the greater prevalence of RA in women, we set a recruitment goal of at least 40% males to enable gender-specific analyses, and recruited 195 patients from the Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center and by referral from community rheumatologists.
The study was approved by the Johns Hopkins Hospital Institutional Review Board and MESA, with all participants providing informed consent prior to enrollment. Enrollment occurred from October 2004 through May 2006.
Giles J.T., Szklo M., Post W., Petri M., Blumenthal R.S., Lam G., Gelber A.C., Detrano R., Scott WW J.r., Kronmal R.A, & Bathon J.M. (2009). Coronary arterial calcification in rheumatoid arthritis: comparison with the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Arthritis Research & Therapy, 11(2), R36.
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Publication 2009
Angioplasty Artery, Coronary Arthritis Atrial Fibrillation Cardiovascular Diseases Chest Congestive Heart Failure Defibrillators Disease Progression Ethics Committees, Research Gender Males Medical Devices Myocardial Infarction Pacemaker, Artificial Cardiac Patients Peripheral Vascular Diseases Physicians Radiation Exposure Rheumatoid Arthritis Rheumatologist Satisfaction Varices Woman X-Ray Computed Tomography
3
Comprehensive Body Composition Assessment in Infants
The first consideration in selecting an assessment method is to determine what components of body composition are relevant to the planned investigation. For example, if one is primarily concerned with measurement of total adiposity or total fat- free tissue, then a two-component approach which determines the fat-free mass (FFM) and calculates fat mass (FM) may be sufficient. Here, the options would include isotope dilution to assess FFM (from TBW), or densitometry, using body volume and assumed constant densities of the FM and the FFM. However, one must be confident that the prediction equations linking TBW or body volume to FM and FFM accurately account for the changes in the density and hydration of FFM during infancy mentioned above. Anthropometry has been extensively used in infants and is more appropriate for field studies where measurement of body volume and/or TBW is not possible. If the components of FFM (particularly water, protein, and osseous mineral) are likely to be far from the assumptions used in these simple models, and/or if the prediction equations were not developed in a similar population to that under investigation, then ideally a subset of subjects would undergo a combination of measures including TBW and possibly bone mineral content using DXA, in addition to densitometry (a three- or four-component model) from which a population-specific prediction equation can be developed for subsequent use, using the optimal combination of measurements providing maximum validity and feasibility for the particular population under investigation. If one aims to distinguish determinants or health outcomes associated with anatomic-level body composition (organ growth, adipose tissue distribution) then an imaging method will be required. In the case of infant research studies, DXA is increasingly used to assess regional adipose tissue and lean mass, while for anatomic-level analysis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is most often used, as computed tomography (CT) involves significant subject exposure to ionizing radiation. When choosing a method, a number of additional considerations must be made, including feasibility and cost, as well as validation in an appropriate population, availability of reference data, precision, and reliability. Repeated measurements can only be planned for increments in which the expected rate of change in body composition components exceeds the measurement error of the method. The following sections will review the strengths and weaknesses of currently-used research methods for infant body composition assessment: anthropometry, isotope dilution, BIA, ADP, DXA, TBW, and MRI.
DEMERATH E.W, & FIELDS D.A. (2014). Body Composition Assessment in the Infant. American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council, 26(3), 291-304.
Publication 2014
Adiposity Body Composition Body Fat Bones Debility Densitometry Human Body Infant Isotopes Measure, Body Minerals Pad, Fat Proteins Radiation Exposure Self Confidence Technique, Dilution Tissue, Adipose X-Ray Computed Tomography
4
Cancer Risk Modeling with Radiation and Smoking
Regression models to describe cancer risks included a description of the rates for unexposed (zero dose) nonsmokers (baseline rate) with additional terms for radiation and smoking effects. We described the joint effects of radiation and smoking in various ways, including additive and multiplicative ERR models and additive excess rate models (EAR). Ignoring smoking, the ERR model was:
BKGALL1+ERRrad,
where BKGALL represents baseline rates for those not exposed to radiation (i.e., unexposed), and ERRrad was the excess relative risk for radiation exposure.
The multiplicative ERR model for the joint effect of radiation and smoking was:
BKGNS1+ERRsmk1+ERRrad,
in which BKGNS was the baseline rate for unexposed nonsmokers, ERRsmk was the excess relative risk for smoking, and ERRrad was the excess relative risk for radiation. In this model, ERRrad described the radiation-associated proportional increase in rates relative to unexposed people with the same smoking history. If smoking was not an effect modifier (that is, ERRrad did not depend on smoking history), this increase was independent of smoking history.
The additive ERR model of the joint effect of radiation and smoking was:
BKGNS1+ERRsmk+ERRrad.
In this model, ERRrad describes the radiation-associated proportional increase in rates relative to the risk for unexposed, nonsmokers.
An additive excess rate (or EAR) model for the joint effect of radiation and smoking on cancer rates was:
BKGNS+EARsmk+EARrad,
where EARsmk and EARrad described the smoking and radiation effects in terms of rate differences.
What follows are details of the model forms used for the baseline, ERR and EAR terms considered in these analyses.
Bösl M.R., Takaku K., Oshima M., Nishimura S, & Taketo M.M. (1997). Early embryonic lethality caused by targeted disruption of the mouse selenocysteine tRNA gene (Trsp). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 94(11), 5531-5534.
Publication 2017
Joints Malignant Neoplasms Non-Smokers Radiation Radiation Effects Radiation Exposure
5
Whole-Body Gamma Irradiation of Mice
In the morning of study Day 0, mice were placed in single chambers of a Plexiglas irradiation apparatus and exposed to a single uniform total body dose of gamma radiation from a 137Cs radiation source (GammaCell 40; Nordion International, Kanata, Ontario, Canada) at an exposure rate of 0.63-0.68 Gy/minute. Each group of mice irradiated together was roughly divided among all treatment groups to ensure that each group received the same irradiation exposure conditions. Each exposure was confirmed using Inlight Dot dosimeters (Landauer Inc.) placed inside of a parafilm mouse phantom and irradiated along with the mice. Dosimeters were read using a validated Landauer microStar reader calibrated with standard Dot dosimeters exposed with a NIST-traceable 137Cs source (Battelle Memorial Institute, WA). Reproducibility of individual dots was 3±1% with accuracy of 4±2%, well within the 10% industry standard for experimental radiation dosimetry.
Plett P.A., Sampson C.H., Chua H.L., Joshi M., Booth C., Gough A., Johnson C.S., Katz B.P., Farese A.M., Parker J., MacVittie T.J, & Orschell C.M. (2012). Establishing a murine model of the Hematopoietic Syndrome of the Acute Radiation Syndrome. Health physics, 103(4), 343-355.
Publication 2012
Electromagnetic Radiation Gamma Rays Mice, House Plexiglas Radiation Exposure Radiometry Whole-Body Irradiation

Most recents protocols related to «Radiation Exposure»

1
Factors Inducing Functional AAC Aggregation
Not available on PMC !

Example 1

The factors that contribute to the age-related loss of soluble functional AAC includes post translational modification of amino-acid residues due to exposure to UV and heat. Therefore, to identity potent SMDs, experimental conditions were developed under which hAAC, when exposed to UV-C radiation or heated to 50° C., formed HMW aggregates (FIGS. 2A-2D). Consistent with published reports, hAAC HMW aggregates formed under UV-C radiation remain insoluble compared to the heat induced HMW (FIGS. 2C & 2D). The system described herein recapitulates the factors that contribute to formation of presbyopia.

US11872236B2. Pharmacological agents for treating ocular diseases (2024-01-16). CALASIA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. [US]. Inventors: Surya Kanta De [US], Sridhar G. Prasad [US], Marshall Clarke Peterman [US], Bernard Collins [US].
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Patent 2024
Figs Post-Translational Protein Processing Presbyopia Radiation Exposure Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Sedaghatian type Ultraviolet Rays
2
RF Irradiation Spore Decontamination
Not available on PMC !

Example 5

1:100 dilution of BT spores in DEE chemical formulations were prepared in a 96-well microtiter plate. Three DEE chemical compositions were evaluated: (1) about 0.06 M copper (II) chloride in water, (2) about 1 wt.-% surfactant and 10 wt.-% PCSR in water, and (3) about 1 wt.-% surfactant and about 1 wt.-% PCSR in water. The top of the wells was sealed with a polyolefin sheet. The plates were oriented vertically and were then exposed to 95 GHz RF radiation (centered at 94 GHz) for about 30 s to about 60 s. After RF exposure, the spores were centrifuged, washed to removed DEE chemicals, plated on Petrifilm and cultured. With formulation (2), >6-log kill was realized at both 30 s and 60 s.

US11872322B2. Microwave assisted methods and systems for surface decontamination (2024-01-16). Zeteo Tech, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Thomas McCreery [US], Wayne A. Bryden [US].
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Patent 2024
chemical composition Chlorides Clorox Copper Microwaves polyolefin Radiation Radiation Exposure Spores Surface-Active Agents Technique, Dilution
3
Ultrasound-Triggered Drug Release from DOX-PFP-PLGA@EcM
The 24 well plates were filled with a certain amount of DOX-PFP-PLGA@EcM and then exposed to US radiation at various intensities of 1, 2, 3 W/cm2, and at various periods of 1, 3, 5, 10 min for experiments on in vitro drug release. Supernatants from centrifuged samples were used to determine the amount of drug released after samples were taken at regular intervals. The same approach was used to conduct comparative research without the US to assess the consequences of the US-triggered release. In addition, to detect the US irradiation of DOX-PFP-PLGA@EcM on bacterial viability, the smear plate culture of US irradiated and non-irradiated DOX-PFP-PLGA@EcM with the same amount of bacteria, and the number of bacterial colonies in the petri dish was counted.
Du M., Wang T., Feng R., Zeng P, & Chen Z. (2023). Establishment of ultrasound-responsive SonoBacteriaBot for targeted drug delivery and controlled release. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 11, 1144963.
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Publication 2023
Bacteria Bacterial Viability Drug Liberation Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Pharmaceutical Preparations Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer Radiation Exposure
4
Prognostic Survival Analysis of HCC Subtypes
To evaluate the correlation between prognostic survival and different HCC subtypes, Kaplan–Meier (KM) curves were generated using the R survival package Version 2.41-1 (http://bioconductor.org/packages/survivalr/).[24 (link)] The clinical characteristics of patients with HCC (including age, sex, tumor grade, pathological stage, pathological TNM classification, and exposure to radiation therapy) were analyzed. Furthermore, the relationships between subtypes and these clinical features were assessed using the chi-square test, and statistical significance was set at P < .05.
Wu D., Cai Q., Liu D., Zuo G., Li S., Liu L, & Zheng J. (2023). Identification of molecular subtypes and prognostic signatures based on transient receptor potential channel-related genes to predict the prognostic risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: A review. Medicine, 102(10), e33228.
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Publication 2023
Neoplasms Patients Radiation Exposure Therapeutics
5
Assessing Knee Function after Intrapatella Fracture
Patient baseline data, including sex, age, fracture side, and body mass index (BMI), were extracted from the hospital database. The operation time was defined as the time from the moment of incision to the time of incision closure. Radiation exposure was assessed by the radiation dose gathered from the C-arm fluoroscopy machine (GE Healthcare, USA) postoperatively. Full weight-bearing time was defined as the time when patients could walk without any assistive device or only with a walking stick to maintain balance postoperatively.
All patients were followed for at least 6 months. A Bostman score [15 (link)] and extension lag versus the contralateral healthy leg were employed to assess the postoperative knee function of the IPFP patients at 6 months postoperatively. A Bostman score of 28 or higher was considered excellent in regard to the functional recovery of the knee, 20–27 was considered good, and less than 20 was considered poor. The Insall–Salvati ratio [16 (link)] was assessed on the immediate postoperative radiograph. The radiograph outcomes were evaluated by anteroposterior and lateral radiographs at 1 and 3 months postoperatively.
Li S.J., Tiwari S.R., Chang S.M., Du S.C, & Zhang Y.Q. (2023). Separate vertical wiring plus bilateral anchor girdle suturing fixation for the fractures of the inferior pole of the patella. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 18, 176.
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Publication 2023
Canes Fluoroscopy Fracture, Bone Index, Body Mass Knee Patients Radiation Exposure Radiotherapy Recovery of Function Self-Help Devices X-Rays, Diagnostic

Top products related to «Radiation Exposure»

1
Crystal violet by Merck Group
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Crystal violet is a synthetic dye commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a dark purple crystalline solid that is soluble in water and alcohol. Crystal violet has a variety of applications in the field of microbiology and histology, including as a staining agent for microscopy and in the gram staining technique.
2
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
3
Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) is a cell culture medium formulated to support the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell types, including mammalian cells. It provides essential nutrients, amino acids, vitamins, and other components necessary for cell proliferation and survival in an in vitro environment.
4
Prism 5 by GraphPad
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GraphPad Prism 5 is a data analysis and graphing software. It provides tools for data organization, statistical analysis, and visual representation of results.
5
Gammacell 40 exactor by Nordion
Sourced in Canada
The Gammacell 40 Exactor is a laboratory irradiator designed for research applications. It utilizes a Cobalt-60 gamma radiation source to provide precise and uniform irradiation of samples. The equipment is engineered to deliver controlled doses of gamma radiation for various experimental purposes.
6
Penicillin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Penicillin is a type of antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent effective against a variety of bacteria. Penicillin functions by disrupting the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell death.
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Somatom definition flash by Siemens
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The SOMATOM Definition Flash is a computed tomography (CT) scanner developed by Siemens. It is designed to provide high-quality imaging for a wide range of medical applications. The SOMATOM Definition Flash utilizes advanced technology to capture detailed images of the body, enabling medical professionals to make accurate diagnoses and inform treatment decisions.
8
X rad 320 by Precision X-Ray
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The X-RAD 320 is a radiation therapy device that generates X-rays for medical imaging and treatment purposes. It is capable of producing high-energy X-rays for a variety of applications, including diagnostic imaging, image-guided radiation therapy, and small animal research.
9
Somatom force by Siemens
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The SOMATOM Force is a high-performance computed tomography (CT) system developed by Siemens. It is designed to deliver fast, precise, and efficient imaging capabilities for a wide range of clinical applications. The SOMATOM Force features advanced technologies that enable high-quality imaging while minimizing radiation exposure.
10
Streptomycin by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Streptomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It functions as a protein synthesis inhibitor, targeting the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, which plays a crucial role in the translation of genetic information into proteins. Streptomycin is commonly used in microbiological research and applications that require selective inhibition of bacterial growth.

More about "Radiation Exposure"

Radiation exposure is the absorption of ionizing radiation by the body, whether accidental, occupational, or for medical purposes.
Excessive or uncontrolled exposure can result in tissue damage and an increased risk of cancer.
The effects of radiation exposure can vary depending on the type, dose, and duration of exposure.
Ionizing radiation, such as X-rays, gamma rays, and alpha and beta particles, can interact with the body's cells and DNA, causing damage that can lead to cellular dysfunction, mutation, and even cell death.
Acute radiation exposure, as seen in nuclear accidents or high-dose medical treatments, can cause immediate symptoms like nausea, fatigue, and skin burns.
Chronic, low-level exposure, as experienced by workers in certain industries or during medical imaging procedures, can increase the risk of long-term health effects like cancer.
Researchers studying radiation exposure often use a variety of tools and techniques, such as Crystal violet staining to assess cell viability, fetal bovine serum (FBS) and Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) for cell culture, and GraphPad Prism 5 for data analysis.
Specialized equipment like the Gammacell 40 Exactor and the X-RAD 320 may be used for controlled radiation exposures, while antibiotics like Penicillin and Streptomycin help maintain sterile cell culture conditions.
Advanced imaging technologies, such as the SOMATOM Definition Flash and SOMATOM Force CT scanners, can also be employed to assess the effects of radiation exposure on tissue and organ structure.
By leveraging these tools and techniques, researchers can optimize their radiation exposure studies, quickly locate the best protocols, and identify the most accurate and effective methods using AI-driven analysis platforms like PubCompare.ai.
Staying up-to-date with the latest research, understanding the mechanisms of radiation-induced damage, and utilizing the right tools and technologies are crucial for advancing our knowledge and improving radiation safety protocols.
With the help of platforms like PubCompare.ai, researchers can take their radiation exposure research to new heights, exploring the latest advancements and finding the most effective solutions to protect human health and well-being.