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Sprain

Sprains are common injuries that occur when a ligament is stretched, partially torn, or completely torn due to sudden or excessive force.
They can affect various joints, such as the ankle, knee, wrist, or thumb, and can cause pain, swelling, and limited mobility.
Prompt treatment, which may include rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), can help promote healing and prevent further injury.
In more severe cases, physical therapy or even surgery may be necessary.
Understanding the appropriate treatment protocol is crucial for optimizing recovery and reducing the risk of long-term complications.
PubCompare.ai can help researchers easily locate the best protocols from published literature, preprints, and patents, and use AI-driven comparisons to enhance reproducibility and find the most effective products, leading to seamless research and improved patient outcomes.

Most cited protocols related to «Sprain»

1
Comprehensive ICD-9-CM Codes for Pain Conditions

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Publication 2019
Abdominal Pain Arthralgia Back Pain Care, Ambulatory Chest Pain Chronic Pain Congenital Abnormality Contusions Degenerative Arthritides Diagnosis Dysmenorrhea Fibromyalgia Fracture, Bone Gout Headache Kashin-Beck Disease Neck Pain Pain Pain Disorder Pains, Acute Patients Pelvis Sprain Strains System, Genitourinary
2
Shoulder and Elbow Injury Prevention
To ensure adherence to the prevention program and to detect when injuries occurred, the participants were asked to complete a daily self-recorded questionnaire regarding the presence of shoulder and/or elbow pain, performance of the self-stretching exercise and/or strength training, and limitations to pitching caused by shoulder and/or elbow pain. The questionnaires were filled out daily to avoid recall bias and were sent to us every month. In addition, we called the participants one to two times per month to encourage adherence to the prevention program, to confirm that they were completing the daily questionnaires, and to consult with them regarding their condition.
Based on their answers to the self-recorded questionnaire, a “shoulder or elbow injury” was defined as any condition resulting in the pitcher being considered disabled for ≥8 days1 (link)17 (link). Any injury that occurred via another mechanism, such as trauma from falls, collisions with other players, sprains while running, or being hit by a pitch, were excluded from the statistical analyses.
Shitara H., Yamamoto A., Shimoyama D., Ichinose T., Sasaki T., Hamano N., Ueno A., Endo F., Oshima A., Sakane H., Tachibana M., Tomomatsu Y., Tajika T., Kobayashi T., Osawa T., Iizuka H, & Takagishi K. (2017). Shoulder Stretching Intervention Reduces the Incidence of Shoulder and Elbow Injuries in High School Baseball Players: a Time-to-Event Analysis. Scientific Reports, 7, 45304.
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Publication 2017
Elbow Elbow Injuries Injuries Mental Recall Pain Preventive Health Programs Shoulder Sprain Wounds and Injuries
3
Comparative Methods for Identifying Fall-Related Injuries
Three separate methods are used to identify FRIs in the claims data. Method 1 (the e-code only, or “ECO” method) is the one commonly used to identify FRIs in claims data and typically involves the ICD-9 e-codes 880, 881, 882, 884, 885, or 888.3 (link),6 (link),10 (link),16 (link)-20 Method 2 (e-code and diagnostic code, or “ECDC” method) uses the above e-codes plus a broad set of primary inpatient diagnostic codes indicating fractures, dislocations, sprains, strains, head injuries, and contusions (ICD-9 diagnostic codes 800-848, 850-854, and 920-924).4 (link),5 (link),10 (link) Method 3 (the adapted UCLA/RAND, or “AUR” method) employs an adaptation of the algorithm that identified ICD-9 inpatient primary diagnosis codes (for hip fractures, other nonvertebral fractures, head trauma, joint dislocations, and injuries identified by the above e-codes) as well as outpatient Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes (for imaging and repair procedures) as fall injuries.15 (link), 51 (link) To identify index FRIs, each of the three methods uses e-codes from inpatient, outpatient, and SNF claims data; the ECDC method and AUR methods additionally use ICD-9 codes from the Carrier file while the AUR method further uses CPT codes from outpatient settings. See Table 1 for additional details, including analytic sample sizes and size of FRI cohort using each identification method; note that differing total sample sizes resulted from use of the “washout” period—or 12-month period of time without an FRI required for inclusion in either of the cohorts—that excluded different numbers of respondents using each FRI identification method.
Hoffman G.J., Hays R.D., Shapiro M., Wallace S.P, & Ettner S.L. (2016). Claims-Based Identification Methods and the Cost of Fall-related Injuries among U.S. Older Adults. Medical care, 54(7), 664-671.
Publication 2016
Acclimatization Contusions Craniocerebral Trauma Diagnosis Fracture, Bone Hip Fractures Injuries Inpatient Joint Dislocations Outpatients Sprain Strains
4
Hierarchical Approach to Spinal Fusion Indications
Using the “primary” approach, we relied on only the first listed diagnosis code to classify patients in a group based on surgical indication. The first listed diagnosis code is sometimes deemed to be the most important reason for an admission, depending on the data source.
Using the “All Diagnoses” approach, we searched all listed diagnosis codes associated with a patient's admission and created non-mutually exclusive variables for each of the surgical indication groups. Essentially, each patient is characterized by a combination of 5 binary indicator variables that correspond to the diagnoses for back pain, disc herniation, spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis and scoliosis. If any of the diagnosis codes for a given patient fits the definition for a particular surgical indication group, the indicator variable for that group is set to positive. Under this approach, a patient may have multiple diagnoses (e.g. a patient may have a positive indicator for stenosis and a positive indicator for spondylolisthesis). While this approach is useful for analyzing the overlap of surgical pathology, it is not practical for differentiating a population by a primary surgical indication because patients may be assigned to multiple groups.
The Hierarchical approach builds on the All Diagnoses approach. This involved searching all listed diagnosis codes associated with a patient's admission and grouping them into a mutually-exclusive hierarchy according to the strength of evidence for performing spinal fusion, ordered as: 1) muscle sprains/strains (least supported), 2) non-specific back pain (includes spondylosis and degenerative discs), 3) herniated disc (with or without myelopathy), 4) spinal stenosis, 5) spondylolisthesis, and 6) scoliosis (most supported). Evidence reviews suggest only weak support for fusion surgery in back pain due to degenerative discs, with no benefit over structured non-operative treatments. Fusion appears to be more effective for treating deformity, such as degenerative spondylolisthesis, fractures, and scoliosis, but has been shown to improve outcomes over decompression in patients with disc herniation or spinal stenosis.
Because SPORT only recruited lumbar surgical candidates, we used a separate set of indicator variables to restrict our analysis to those claims involving the thoracolumbar, lumbar, or lumbosacral regions. With the exception of select codes for orthopaedic devices and osteoporosis, diagnosis codes that were not specifically spine-related (e.g. “psychogenic pain”) were not included in the algorithm.
Lurie J.D., Tosteson A.N., Deyo R.A., Tosteson T., Weinstein J, & Mirza S.K. (2014). Indications for spine surgery: validation of an administrative coding algorithm to classify degenerative diagnoses. Spine, 39(9), 769-779.
Publication 2014
Back Pain Congenital Abnormality Debility Decompression Diagnosis Fracture, Bone Insurance Claim Review Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Intervertebral Disk Displacement Lumbar Region Lumbosacral Region Operative Surgical Procedures Orthopedic Equipment Osteoporosis Pain Patients Scoliosis Seizures Spinal Cord Diseases Spinal Fusions Spinal Stenosis Spondylolisthesis Spondylosis Sprain Stenosis Strains Vertebral Column
5
Ankle Range of Motion Evaluation
Thirty-one subjects, 20 females and 11 males aged between 21 and 59 years (mean 35.4 years) volunteered to participate in the study. Subjects were excluded if they had sustained an ankle injury within 4 weeks prior to testing, or between test sessions (N = 1 ankle). Active inversion and eversion range of motion was therefore measured in both ankles of 30 subjects (N = 60 ankles). Eleven of the original 31 subjects (16/62 ankles; 35%) had a past history of at least one ankle injury. Injuries included inversion sprain (N = 7 ankles), plantar fasciitis (N = 1), malleolar fracture (N = 1), peroneal tendonitis (N = 1), and a traumatic accident (N = 1) resulting in bilateral compartment syndrome and unilateral metatarsal fractures. The study was approved by The University of Sydney Human Ethics Committee and consent was obtained from all subjects prior to commencement of data collection.
Menadue C., Raymond J., Kilbreath S.L., Refshauge K.M, & Adams R. (2006). Reliability of two goniometric methods of measuring active inversion and eversion range of motion at the ankle. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 7, 60.
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Publication 2006
Accidents Ankle Ankle Injuries Compartment Syndromes Ethics Committees Fasciitis, Plantar Females Fracture, Bone Homo sapiens Injuries Inversion, Chromosome Males Metatarsal Bones Sprain Tendinitis

Most recents protocols related to «Sprain»

1
Concussion and Orthopedic Injury Study
Participants were children aged 8.00 to 16.99 years who presented to a participating ED within 48 hours of injury. Children were eligible for inclusion in the concussion group if they had a history of blunt head trauma resulting in at least 1 of 3 criteria consistent with the WHO definition of mild TBI12 (link): (1) an observed loss of consciousness less than 30 minutes; (2) a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13 or 14; or (3) at least 1 acute sign or symptom of concussion as noted by ED medical personnel on a standard case report form. Inclusion criteria for the OI group were upper or lower extremity injuries (eg, fractures, sprains, or strains) arising from blunt trauma associated with Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)13 score of 4 or less. Exclusion criteria for the concussion group were deteriorating neurological status, neurosurgical intervention, loss of consciousness more than 30 minutes, posttraumatic amnesia more than 24 hours, or AIS score greater than 4. Exclusion criteria for the OI group were any head trauma or acute signs or symptoms of concussion (including headache) at the time of recruitment, surgical intervention, or procedural sedation. Exclusion criteria for both groups included previous overnight hospitalization for TBI, past concussion within 3 months, or a neurodevelopmental disorder.
van Ierssel J.J., Tang K., Beauchamp M., Bresee N., Cortel-LeBlanc A., Craig W., Doan Q., Gravel J., Lyons T., Mannix R., Orr S., Zemek R, & Yeates K.O. (2023). Association of Posttraumatic Headache With Symptom Burden After Concussion in Children. JAMA Network Open, 6(3), e231993.
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Publication 2023
Amnesia Brain Concussion Child Craniocerebral Trauma Fracture, Bone Headache Head Injury, Blunt Health Personnel Hospitalization Injuries Leg Injuries Neurodevelopmental Disorders Neurosurgical Procedures Nonpenetrating Wounds Operative Surgical Procedures Sedatives Sprain Strains
2
Maximal Ankle Inversion in Athletic Men
Twenty male, regional-level team sports (soccer, handball, basketball) athletes
(age, 24.3 ± 3.4 years; height, 1.84 ± 0.05 m; weight, 81.3 ± 7.4 kg; 16
right-leg dominant, 4 left-leg dominant) participated in the study. Based on an
a priori power analysis, 20 participants was considered sufficient to identify a
difference of 4° in maximal inversion angle between 2 conditions (alpha, .05;
power, 0.8; SD, 6°1 (link)). Participants were injury-free in the 12 months
preceding data collection and signed written informed consent before their
participation. Only 1 participant had undergone anterior cruciate ligament
reconstruction surgery, approximately 3 years before data collection. The other
participants had not undergone lower extremity surgery. Four participants
reported previous ankle sprain injuries >12 months before data collection
(ranging from 2 to 13 years before data collection; 2 participants sprained
their ankles on the left and 2 on the right side). All methods used in the study
had been approved by the research ethics committee of the university.
Willwacher S., Bruder A., Robbin J., Kruppa J, & Mai P. (2023). A Multidimensional Assessment of a Novel Adaptive Versus Traditional Passive Ankle Sprain Protection Systems. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(3), 715-722.
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Publication 2023
Ankle Ankle Injuries Ankle Sprains Athletes Ethics Committees, Research Injuries Inversion, Chromosome Lower Extremity Males Operative Surgical Procedures Sprain
3
Musculoskeletal Injury Physical Therapy Study
One hundred thirty-five patients (n=135) participated in and completed the study (Figure 1) which followed the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) [26 (link)]. The study was conducted at Yale-New Haven Health System and Sport and Orthopaedic Physical Therapy (Connecticut, United States of America). The study was performed in accordance with the principles stated in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval for the study and data collection was obtained from Advarra IRB #0000097. The study followed the International Compilation of Human Research Standards 2018 Edition for the protection of human subjects. The registered study started in September 2020 and was completed in February 2022 (Clinical trial: NCT05254470) (Figure 1).
The inclusion criteria for the study were patients 18 years of age or older undergoing physical therapy for musculoskeletal injury including acute conditions (surgery, sprains, and bone fractures) and chronic conditions (tendinopathy, arthritis, plantar fasciitis), and failed to respond with pain reduction to physical therapy for a minimum of 4 weeks. Patients were excluded if they were not willing to follow the daily treatment protocol, had a known neuropathy, were type 1 or type 2 diabetic, had a cortisone injection into the treatment site in the last 6 months, had a malignancy in the treatment area, had an open wound or had other contraindicated conditions to long duration ultrasound and diclofenac sonophoresis.
Jarit P., Klyve D, & Walters R. (2023). Long Duration Sonophoresis of Diclofenac to Augment Rehabilitation of Common Musculoskeletal Injuries. Global journal of orthopedics research, 4(2), 584.
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Publication 2023
Acute Disease Arthritis Chronic Condition Cortisone Diclofenac Fasciitis, Plantar Fracture, Bone Homo sapiens Injuries Malignant Neoplasms Operative Surgical Procedures Pain Patients Sprain Tendinopathy Therapy, Physical Treatment Protocols Ultrasonics Wounds
4
Work-related Injury Reporting Protocol
Referred to self-reported personal injury such as a cut, fracture, sprain and so forth those results from a work-related event resulting in an absence from work of at least 1 day before this study.
Debela M.B., Deyessa N., Begosew A.M, & Azage M. (2023). Occupational health and safety practices and associated factors among workers in Ethiopia’s Metehara and Wonji sugar industries: a convergent parallel mixed design. BMJ Open, 13(2), e065382.
Publication 2023
Fracture, Bone Sprain
5
Acute and Chronic Lateral Ankle Sprains
Studies were included based on predefined eligibility criteria. Patients were adults between 18 and 65 years of age with acute LAS and history of LAS. An acute ankle sprain was defined as an acute traumatic injury to the lateral ligamentous complex of the ankle joint resulting from excessive inversion of the hindfoot or combined plantar flexion and internal rotation of the foot [16 (link)]. A time limit was set at four weeks post injury to be included in the acute population. All ankle sprains occurring more than four weeks before inclusion were assigned to the group of patients defined as history of LAS group. This included both recurrent sprain and CAI patients. A recurrent sprain was defined as two or more sprains at the same ankle joint. CAI was defined as a condition characterized by recurrent sprains of the ankle, the feeling of "giving way" and perceived instability with the initial sprain happening at least twelve months ago [16 (link)]. For study populations containing different injuries, at least 70 to 75 percent of participants had to present with LAS to be included. No restrictions were imposed on participants’ sex or their physical activity levels.
Included studies must have investigated at least one MP of a clinical test or PROM. If the outcome of interest was not investigated, the study was ineligible for inclusion in this systematic review. Exclusively technical and measurement reports were included. No restrictions were imposed on publication time and language of the studies. A detailed list of inclusion and exclusion criteria is attached (Table 1).
Schurz A.P., Wagemans J., Bleakley C., Kuppens K., Vissers D, & Taeymans J. (2023). Impairment-based assessments for patients with lateral ankle sprain: A systematic review of measurement properties. PLOS ONE, 18(2), e0280388.
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Publication 2023
Adult Ankle Lateral Ligament Ankle Sprains Eligibility Determination Foot Injuries Inversion, Chromosome Patients Population Group Sprain

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More about "Sprain"

Sprains are a common type of musculoskeletal injury that occur when a ligament is stretched, partially torn, or completely torn due to sudden or excessive force.
These injuries can affect various joints, such as the ankle, knee, wrist, or thumb, and can result in pain, swelling, and limited mobility.
Prompt treatment, which may include the RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) protocol, can help promote healing and prevent further damage.
In more severe cases, physical therapy or even surgical intervention may be necessary to optimize recovery and reduce the risk of long-term complications.
Understanding the appropriate treatment approach is crucial for enhancing patient outcomes.
Researchers can leverage powerful tools like PubCompare.ai to easily locate the best sprain research protocols from published literature, preprints, and patents.
This AI-driven platform enables seamless comparisons, enhancing reproducibility and helping researchers identify the most effective treatments.
Statisticall software like SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) and GraphPad Prism can also be invaluable for analyzing sprain-related data and uncovering insights.
SPSS v20, SPSS v23, and SPSS Statistics provide robust analytical capabilities, while GraphPad Prism 8.1 Version offers advanced graphical representations.
Complementary tools like the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer and RNAlater solution can further support biomechanical and biochemical investigations of sprain-related processes.
By leveraging the power of these technologies and capitalizing on the insights gained from the MeSH term description, researchers can optimize their sprain research protocols, leading to improved patient outcomes and a better understanding of this common musculoskeletal condition.