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Abuse, Emotional

Emotional abuse refers to the infliction of mental or emotional pain, anguish, or distress through verbal or nonverbal acts.
It may involve critisizing, insulting, manipulating, shaming, or rejecting an individual.
Emotional abuse can have long-lasting effects on a person's mental health and well-being.
It is often associated with other forms of abuse, such as physical or sexual abuse.
Identifying and addressing emotional abuse is an important aspect of promoting healthy relationships and preventing further harm.

Most cited protocols related to «Abuse, Emotional»

Subscales that contained 5 or more items were scored for severity of exposure to the latent category by determining the number of items with positive endorsements and model parameters. These scores typically fell between values of-4 and +4 and represent mean-centered logit scores. They were recalibrated to range from 0–10, so that total exposure severity levels across the 10 subscales could range from 0–100. Subscales with 4 items could not be scored in this manner due to insufficient item parameters. Instead, they were scored 0, 3, 5, 8 and 10 based on a linear interpolation of number of items positively endorsed.
MACE criterion scores for indicating above threshold exposure within each MACE category were established by comparing MACE severity scores to cut scores of other instruments. Criterion scores were designed to be similar to the ACE (comparator) for the six overlapping categories (sexual abuse, physical maltreatment, emotional neglect, physical neglect, emotional abuse, and witnessing interparental violence). The parental and peer verbal abuse category of the MACE was compared to the Verbal Abuse Questionnaire [46 (link)], that provides separate measures of maternal and paternal verbal abuse, as well as of female and male peer verbal abuse. Maternal and paternal verbal abuse score were averaged and a cut score (>40) was used for comparison. Female and male peer verbal abuse scores were combined and a maximum (male or female) score of 30 (significant level of verbal aggression) and 40 (substantial level of verbal aggression) were used as comparison cut scores [25 (link)].
The Abuse and Trauma Questionnaire that we created and used in previous studies [25 (link),26 (link),46 (link)], provided additional data on 766 of the subjects for establishing criterion scores for exposure to parental physical abuse, peer physical bullying, sexual abuse, witnessing interparental violence and witnessing violence to siblings. This instrument assessed exposure to physical abuse by the question: ‘‘Have you ever been physically hurt or attacked by someone such as a parent, another family member or friend (for example have you ever been struck, kicked, bitten, pushed or otherwise physically hurt)? If so, they were asked to provide information on their relationship to this individual, the number of times they were hurt, age of initiation and termination of these episodes, whether the abuse received, or should have received medical attention, and whether the abuse resulted in permanent injuries or scars. Similarly, sexual abuse was assessed by response to the question: ‘‘Have you ever been forced into doing more sexually than you wanted to do or were too young to understand? (By ‘‘sexually” we mean being forced against your will into contact with the sexual parts of your body or his/her body)”. Witnessing violence was assessed using the question, “Has an adult member of your family ever purposefully attacked another family member (i.e., struck, kicked, bitten, pushed, hit)? Followup questions identified the individuals involved, number of times observed, ages of initiation and termination and severity.
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Publication 2015
Abuse, Emotional Abuse, Physical Adult Attention Cicatrix Dental Occlusion Drug Abuse Emotions Family Member Females Friend Human Body Injuries Males Mothers Myristica fragrans Parent Parts, Body Physical Examination Sexual Abuse Sibling Volition Wounds and Injuries
The CAS is a relatively robust standard for identifying IPV in primary care settings. It has an internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha) of .90 or more for each sub-scale, and all item-total score correlations of .6 or above [34 (link)]. It has also been validated with a large (1,836) sample of patients in general practice settings [36 (link)]. It is based on a concept of IPV that includes coercion, not simply violent acts arising out of conflict. It is recommended as an IPV research assessment tool by the National Centre for Injury Prevention and Control [37 ], as it has demonstrated reliability and validity for measuring the self-reported incidence and prevalence of IPV. It has evidence of content, construct, criterion and factorial validity. The CAS measures four dimensions of abuse inflicted on a woman by her partner: physical abuse (PA), emotional abuse (EA), severe combined abuse (SCA) and harassment. A preliminary cut-off score of 3 divides women presenting as abused or non-abused in general practice settings [36 (link)]. The 30 items are listed in table 2.
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Publication 2007
Abuse, Emotional Abuse, Physical Patients Primary Health Care SERPINA3 protein, human Woman
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) have articulated a leading approach to conceptualizing ACEs (Felitti et al., 1998 ). Our measure of ACEs corresponds to the 10 categories of childhood adversity introduced by the CDC Adverse Childhood Experiences Study (Felitti et al., 1998 ; http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/acestudy/prevalence.html): Five types of child harm (physical abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect and sexual abuse) and five types of household dysfunction (incarceration of a family member, household substance abuse, household mental illness, loss of a parent, and household partner violence). Because the Dunedin Study began in the early-1970s and the awareness of ACEs in the health sciences dates to the mid-1990s, Dunedin Study operational definitions of retrospective and prospective ACEs were necessarily somewhat different.
Publication 2016
Abuse, Emotional Abuse, Physical Awareness Child Emotions Family Member Households Mental Disorders N-(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid Parent Physical Examination Sexual Abuse Substance Abuse

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Publication 2019
Abuse, Emotional Adolescent N-(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid Parent Physical Examination
Exposure to several types of victimization was assessed repeatedly when the children were 5, 7, 10, and 12 years of age and dossiers have been compiled for each child with cumulative information about exposure to domestic violence between the mother and her partner; frequent bullying by peers; physical maltreatment by an adult; sexual abuse; emotional abuse; and physical neglect. Following Finkelhor et al. (30 (link)), for each child, our cumulative index counts the types of victimization experienced during the first 12 years of life. Details about these measurements have been reported previously(29 (link)). In addition to the above prospective measures of victimization, we assessed recall of victimization through the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ)(32 (link)) completed by Study members at the age–18 follow-up. Details about victimization measurements are available in the Supplement.
Publication 2016
Abuse, Emotional Abuse, Physical Adult Child Dietary Supplements Domestic Violence Mental Recall Mothers Physical Examination Sexual Abuse Victimization

Most recents protocols related to «Abuse, Emotional»

Child abuse was defined as any of the following acts being committed by a caretaker (parent or guardian) on a person younger than 18 years: physical abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, and psychological abuse.3 Details on the reporting of abuse under the Japanese system are given in eMethods in Supplement 1. Hokkaido University deemed this cross-sectional study exempt from ethics review and waived the informed consent requirement because publicly available aggregated and anonymized data were used. We followed the STROBE reporting guideline.
We obtained the publicly available 2019 to 2021 monthly number of child abuse consultations and estimated the child abuse consultation rates in 47 prefectures from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in Japan.3 The pandemic binary term was encoded with 0 for 2019 (prepandemic period) and 1 for 2020 to 2021 (pandemic period). We used an interrupted time series method to estimate the association of the pandemic with consultation rates for the first-stage, prefecture-level analysis. Subsequently, the first-stage analysis estimates were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis model to generate the nationwide association. Parameterization of methods is described in the eMethods in Supplement 1. Analyses were performed using R, version 4.2.0 (R Core Team).
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Publication 2023
Abuse, Child Abuse, Emotional Abuse, Physical Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Dietary Supplements Japanese Legal Guardians Pandemics Parent Sexual Abuse Youth
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) is a self-report questionnaire that asks about emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect, separation or divorce of parents, being treated violently, substance abuse in the household, mental illness in the household, and incarcerated household members [30 (link),31 ]. The score range of the 10 items was 0–10.
Publication 2023
Abuse, Emotional Abuse, Physical Emotions Households Mental Disorders Parent Physical Examination Sexual Abuse Substance Abuse
The WVS was used to measure the frequency of workplace violence experienced by the study participants in the past 12 months. The scale consists of five dimensions: physical assault, emotional abuse, threat, verbal sexual assault, and sexual assault. Each item ranged from 0 to 3, reflecting the frequency of participants’ exposure to WPV (0 = zero times, 1 = 1 time, 2 = 2 or 3 times, and 3 = more than 3 times). The total score is the sum of the items and ranges from 0 to 15, with higher scores implying more frequent exposure to WPV (Peek-Asa et al., 1998 (link)). WVS has been shown to have good reliability and validity among Chinese medical professionals, with a Cronbach coefficient of 0.92 in one study (Wang et al., 2006 (link)). In this study, the Cronbach coefficient was 0.80.
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Publication 2023
Abuse, Emotional Chinese Physical Examination polyetheretherketone Sexual Assault
Childhood adverse events were measured by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ; Bernstein et al., 2003 (link)). The presence of trauma on at least one subscale of the CTQ, according to the criteria by Walker et al. (1999) (link), defined childhood adversity (CA) positive cases. The cut-offs for each scale were as follows: physical neglect ≥8, physical abuse ≥8, emotional neglect ≥15, emotional abuse ≥10, sexual abuse ≥8 (Walker et al., 1999 (link)). Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated after assessing self-reported height and body weight. BMI was dichotomized at 25 kg/m2 to classify overweight/obese individuals. Medication was obtained from clinical records.
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Publication 2023
Abuse, Emotional Abuse, Physical Body Weight Emotions Index, Body Mass Obesity Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical Examination Sexual Abuse Walkers Wounds and Injuries
ACEs occurring before 18 years old were assessed using the Kaiser-CDC ACEs Scale [26 (link), 27 (link)]. The scale includes three subscales and ten items, including abuse (e.g., emotional abuse), neglect (e.g., physical neglect), and family dysfunction (e.g., household members who are incarcerated). Each question contains two answers: “Yes” and “No.” Each “Yes” response received a “1,” while each “No” response received a “0,” and the Cronbach’s Alpha in our sample was 0.729. The sum of ten items produced the total score (range 0–10). The higher the score, the greater the risk of adverse events.
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Publication 2023
Abuse, Emotional Drug Abuse Households N-(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid Physical Examination

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More about "Abuse, Emotional"

Emotional Abuse: Uncovering the Hidden Scars - Emotional abuse, a pervasive but often overlooked form of maltreatment, encompasses the infliction of mental and emotional distress through verbal or nonverbal actions.
This type of abuse can manifest in various ways, such as critiquing, insulting, manipulating, shaming, or rejecting an individual.
The damaging effects of emotional abuse can be long-lasting, profoundly impacting a person's mental health and well-being.
Identifying and addressing emotional abuse is a critical aspect of promoting healthy relationships and preventing further harm.
Statistical analysis software like SPSS (version 25), Stata (version 14), and SAS (version 9.4) can be valuable tools in understanding the prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of emotional abuse.
These powerful platforms, along with their respective software versions (SPSS 25.0, SPSS Statistics 21, Stata 15, Stata/MP 14.0, and SAS software), can provide researchers and clinicians with the necessary data analysis capabilities to uncover insights and inform interventions.
Emotional abuse is often associated with other forms of abuse, such as physical or sexual abuse, highlighting the importance of a holistic approach to addressing this complex issue.
By leveraging advanced statistical techniques and the latest software versions (e.g., AMOS 18.0), researchers can delve deeper into the nuances of emotional abuse, identifying patterns, risk factors, and effective strategies for prevention and intervention.
This multifaceted understanding can inform the development of targeted programs and policies to support those affected by emotional abuse and promote healthier, more nurturing relationships.