Genome-wide significant loci for BD were assessed for overlap with genome-wide significant loci for other psychiatric disorders, using the largest available GWAS results for major depression61 (link), schizophrenia60 (link), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder101 , post-traumatic stress disorder102 , lifetime anxiety disorder103 , Tourette’s Syndrome104 , anorexia nervosa105 , alcohol use disorder or problematic alcohol use68 (link), autism spectrum disorder106 , mood disorders91 (link) and the cross-disorder GWAS of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium66 (link). The boundaries of the genome-wide significant loci were calculated in the original publications. Overlap of loci was calculated using bedtools v2.29.2107 .
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Attention Deficit Disorder
Attention Deficit Disorder
Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD): A persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development.
Characterized by difficulty sustaining attention, hyperactive behavior, and impulsive actions.
Affects cognitive, academic, and social aspects of life.
Often diagnosed in childhood and can persist into adulthood.
Requires comprehensive evaluation and tailored treatment approaches for optimal management.
Characterized by difficulty sustaining attention, hyperactive behavior, and impulsive actions.
Affects cognitive, academic, and social aspects of life.
Often diagnosed in childhood and can persist into adulthood.
Requires comprehensive evaluation and tailored treatment approaches for optimal management.
Most cited protocols related to «Attention Deficit Disorder»
Alcohol Use Disorder
Anorexia
Anxiety Disorders
Attention Deficit Disorder
Ethanol
Genome
Genome-Wide Association Study
Mental Disorders
Mood
Pervasive Development Disorders
Adult
Anxiety Disorders
Attention Deficit Disorder
Diagnosis
Eating Disorders
Gender
Households
Intermittent Explosive Disorder
Mood Disorders
Substance Use Disorders
Woman
Attention
Attention Deficit Disorder
Diagnosis
Fingers
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Psychotic Disorders
Wakefulness
Twenty-three right-handed, healthy college students participated in the study (13 females; average age: M = 20.91, SD = 1.73). All participants gave informed consent and were paid for their participation. All participants were informed that their participation was completely voluntary and that they may withdraw from the study at any time. All participants were over 18 years of age. All participants had normal or corrected to normal vision, were right-handed, had no history of attention deficit or learning disabilities. This study was approved by the local ethical committee of Southwest University and the Institutional Human Participants Review Board of the Southwest University Imaging Center for human brain research. The experimental procedure was in accordance with the ethical principles of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.
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Attention Deficit Disorder
Brain
Females
Homo sapiens
Learning Disabilities
Student
Anorexia Nervosa
Anxiety Disorders
Attention Deficit Disorder
Disorder, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity
Genetic Association Studies
Genetic Background
Genome
Genome-Wide Association Study
Genotype
Major Depressive Disorder
Mania
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Phenotype
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Progressive Encephalomyelitis with Rigidity
Psychotic Disorders
Schizophrenia
Sleeplessness
Most recents protocols related to «Attention Deficit Disorder»
The survey included questions about the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on their wellbeing as well as the requirements for dealing with the pandemic. Each multiple-choice question allowed participants to choose only one item. This measure of emotional and behavioral change was reported by parents who were asked about their children’s emotional and behavioral changes (e.g., emotional reactions to stress, emotional self-regulation system’s stability and emotional and behavioral problems related to ASD or DD) during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Specifically, a scale of 1 = “improved,” 2 = “no change,” and 3 = “worse” was used. Demographic variables, family socioeconomic variables, and family treatment history variables were used as control variables in this study. The demographic variables included the age of the children, their gender, and the number of children in the household, and having comorbidities or not. The age was the age at the time of the survey. The comorbidities referred to neurodevelopment disorders, including intellectual disabilities (ID) and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in this study. Information on family sociodemographic and medical history was gathered. The income of families was divided into three categories: below average, average, and above average. According to the data distribution, the below average group had an annual income of less than $12,327 (RMB80,000), the average group had an annual income between $12,327 (RMB80,001) and $23,112 (RMB150,000), and the above average group had an annual income greater than $23,112 (RMB150,000).
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AN 12
Attention Deficit Disorder
BAD protein, human
Child
COVID 19
Disorder, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity
Emotional Regulation
Emotional Stress
Emotions
Gender
Households
Intellectual Disability
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Pandemics
Parent
Problem Behavior
The IDDEAS prototype allows for exploration of the ability of IDDEAS guidelines to provide decision support for diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (see Figure 2 ). ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, ultimately causing impaired functioning for the individual (9 (link)). The IDDEAS prototype at this stage uses ADHD as the first clinical model paradigm. Preparation of IDDEAS includes the validation of the clinical materials and the user-interface. The IDDEAS guidelines were previously validated by the IDDEAS clinical research team using the DSM-5 and ICD-10 criteria. Focus groups were used to pre-test content prior to the IDDEAS prototype evaluation.
Each IDDEAS prototype evaluation session included having a clinician participant complete a concurrent, cognitive walk through/think-aloud procedure, as they critically appraised hypothetical patient case scenarios developed from real cases within CAMHS. A total of 20 patient case scenarios were collaboratively designed and validated by the IDDEAS team (BL, NS, RK). Out of the 20 possible cases, each participant was randomly assigned four to assess, two of which were to be assessed while using the IDDEAS prototype (ADHD modeled guidelines) and two without. Use of IDDEAS was similarly randomly assigned. Throughout the assessment of the four cases, participants were asked to follow a think-aloud procedure and provide a concurrent walk through of the clinical procedure they would follow if the patients were real. They were also asked to provide additional patient information they perceived to be potentially necessary to complete their clinical assessment. Finally, participants were asked to provide their overall perceptions of the IDDEAS prototype and its usability, functionality, and potential utility.
Each IDDEAS prototype evaluation session included having a clinician participant complete a concurrent, cognitive walk through/think-aloud procedure, as they critically appraised hypothetical patient case scenarios developed from real cases within CAMHS. A total of 20 patient case scenarios were collaboratively designed and validated by the IDDEAS team (BL, NS, RK). Out of the 20 possible cases, each participant was randomly assigned four to assess, two of which were to be assessed while using the IDDEAS prototype (ADHD modeled guidelines) and two without. Use of IDDEAS was similarly randomly assigned. Throughout the assessment of the four cases, participants were asked to follow a think-aloud procedure and provide a concurrent walk through of the clinical procedure they would follow if the patients were real. They were also asked to provide additional patient information they perceived to be potentially necessary to complete their clinical assessment. Finally, participants were asked to provide their overall perceptions of the IDDEAS prototype and its usability, functionality, and potential utility.
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Attention Deficit Disorder
Cognition
Diagnosis
Disorder, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Patients
The participants were 38 undergraduate students studying Chinese at a university in Beijing (18 male, 20 female; mean age = 21.53, SD = 2.05). All the participants were native Korean speakers and had studied Chinese for a mean of 6.81 years (SD = 3.65). They were intermediate and advanced Chinese L2 learners, with an average score of 25.47 (SD = 3.07, ranging from 19 to 30) in the fixed-ratio cloze test (full score: 30, Feng et al., 2020 (link)). The participants had no medical history of learning disabilities, attention deficit, hearing or visual impairment. They were recruited through experimental advertisements, gave informed consent to participate in the experiment, and were paid after the experiment.
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Attention Deficit Disorder
Chinese
Disabled Persons
Females
Koreans
Low Vision
Males
Student
WMHP users were coded as such in this study based upon their use of at least 1 WMHP service. WMHP providers submitted diagnostic impressions that were then mapped to ICD-10 diagnosis codes by Lyra Health clinicians. A detailed mapping from diagnostic impression to ICD-10 diagnosis codes is included in the Appendix Table A1 .
To apply the Aon cost efficiency measurement process, WMHP users were matched with a comparison group of nonusers, composed of eligible members at the same employers with closely matched geography, demographics, and medical and mental health comorbidities, for the same time periods. A derivation of coarsened exact matching32 was used to match cohorts. As originally described by Iacus et al, coarsened exact matching first involves dividing members into meaningful categories selected for each matching factor of interest.
Specifically, members were first divided into age groups, gender categories, geographic area categories, and according to the existence or not of several medical conditions, as noted below. Then, all members of the treatment and comparison groups who fell into the same categories were retained for the analysis; the rest were excluded. The Iacus et al32 method also suggests using case weights to account for the proportion of treatment and comparison group members who are in each factor category, then using their original data values (not the indicators of which factor categories they fell into) in the subsequent statistical analyses.
The Iacus et al method was simplified for this analysis, by avoiding the use of case weights. Age is the only continuous measure in this data set, so individuals were matched on tightly constructed age groups, which still produced a highly balanced set of WMHP users and comparison group members for analysis. More specifically, individuals were matched by gender first; then they were matched to others within ±3 years of their ages.
Individuals were then matched on presence or absence of 22 diagnosed medical conditions (Tables 1 and 2 ), and combinations of selected conditions. The chronic condition indicators considered for each member were based on primary (first listed) medical diagnostic codes, using the Chronic Condition Indicator and Clinical Classifications Software developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project.33 When members had more than 1 mental health condition, a hierarchy was applied.
Specifically, when 2 or more disorders were present, members were coded according to the one that is typically thought to be more impactful in nature, resulting in greater levels of disability and incurring the most cost. Based upon the existing literature,2 (link),4 (link),5 (link) mood disorders were anticipated to incur more costs than anxiety and adjustment disorders, which were in turn anticipated to incur more costs than attention-deficit disorders.
Next, WMHP users were matched to nonusers in the same geographic areas, when possible. First, an attempt was made to match members residing in the same metropolitan statistical area (MSA), based on a list of over 200 such areas across the United States. When a within-MSA match could not be found, members were matched at the state level. When that was not possible, members were not matched geographically, but were matched on the other factors mentioned above, searching across the country for the best demographic and condition level matches.
When no matches could be found (typically when members had a rare combination of disease and location values), individuals were removed from further analysis. For WMHP users who could have matched to more than 1 comparison group member, only 1 matching comparison group member was randomly selected for inclusion into the analyses. SeeFigure 1 for other inclusion and exclusion criteria and associated sample size reductions.
To apply the Aon cost efficiency measurement process, WMHP users were matched with a comparison group of nonusers, composed of eligible members at the same employers with closely matched geography, demographics, and medical and mental health comorbidities, for the same time periods. A derivation of coarsened exact matching32 was used to match cohorts. As originally described by Iacus et al, coarsened exact matching first involves dividing members into meaningful categories selected for each matching factor of interest.
Specifically, members were first divided into age groups, gender categories, geographic area categories, and according to the existence or not of several medical conditions, as noted below. Then, all members of the treatment and comparison groups who fell into the same categories were retained for the analysis; the rest were excluded. The Iacus et al32 method also suggests using case weights to account for the proportion of treatment and comparison group members who are in each factor category, then using their original data values (not the indicators of which factor categories they fell into) in the subsequent statistical analyses.
The Iacus et al method was simplified for this analysis, by avoiding the use of case weights. Age is the only continuous measure in this data set, so individuals were matched on tightly constructed age groups, which still produced a highly balanced set of WMHP users and comparison group members for analysis. More specifically, individuals were matched by gender first; then they were matched to others within ±3 years of their ages.
Individuals were then matched on presence or absence of 22 diagnosed medical conditions (
Specifically, when 2 or more disorders were present, members were coded according to the one that is typically thought to be more impactful in nature, resulting in greater levels of disability and incurring the most cost. Based upon the existing literature,2 (link),4 (link),5 (link) mood disorders were anticipated to incur more costs than anxiety and adjustment disorders, which were in turn anticipated to incur more costs than attention-deficit disorders.
Next, WMHP users were matched to nonusers in the same geographic areas, when possible. First, an attempt was made to match members residing in the same metropolitan statistical area (MSA), based on a list of over 200 such areas across the United States. When a within-MSA match could not be found, members were matched at the state level. When that was not possible, members were not matched geographically, but were matched on the other factors mentioned above, searching across the country for the best demographic and condition level matches.
When no matches could be found (typically when members had a rare combination of disease and location values), individuals were removed from further analysis. For WMHP users who could have matched to more than 1 comparison group member, only 1 matching comparison group member was randomly selected for inclusion into the analyses. See
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Adjustment Disorders
Age Groups
Anxiety Disorders
Attention Deficit Disorder
Commissure of Fornix
Diagnosis
Disabled Persons
Disease, Chronic
Gender
Mental Disorders
Mental Health
Mood Disorders
Rare Diseases
The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham-IV rating scale (SNAP-IV rating scale) rating scale has good reliability and validity (40 (link), 41 (link)). This scale is compiled according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for ADHD, with a total of 18 items that are summarized in two factors: attention deficit (items 1–9) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (items 10–18) were scored on a scale of 4 for symptom severity (none at all 0; A little bit is one point; Not too little is 2 points; and Very many are 3 points), selected by parents according to their children's general impression. The scores are on average.
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Attention Deficit Disorder
Diagnosis
Disorder, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity
Parent
Top products related to «Attention Deficit Disorder»
Sourced in United States
The PVT-192 is a portable device designed for psychomotor vigilance testing. It measures and records reaction time, lapses, and other performance metrics related to sustained attention and vigilance. The device is intended for use in research and clinical settings.
Sourced in United States
The BeadXpress System is a high-throughput genotyping platform developed by Illumina. It utilizes bead-based technology to perform multiplexed analysis of genetic variations across large sample sets. The system is designed to deliver accurate and reliable genotyping results, but a detailed description of its core function is not available while maintaining an unbiased and factual approach.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Japan, Austria, Germany, Denmark, Czechia, Belgium, Sweden, New Zealand, Spain
SPSS version 25 is a statistical software package developed by IBM. It is designed to analyze and manage data, providing users with a wide range of statistical analysis tools and techniques. The software is widely used in various fields, including academia, research, and business, for data processing, analysis, and reporting purposes.
Sourced in United States, Austria, Japan, Cameroon, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, Belgium, Israel, Denmark, Australia, New Caledonia, France, Argentina, Sweden, Ireland, India
SAS version 9.4 is a statistical software package. It provides tools for data management, analysis, and reporting. The software is designed to help users extract insights from data and make informed decisions.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, Denmark, China, Belgium, Poland, Austria, Australia
SPSS 20.0 is a statistical software package developed by IBM for data analysis, data management, and data visualization. It provides a wide range of statistical techniques, including descriptive statistics, bivariate statistics, prediction for numerical outcomes, and prediction for identifying groups. SPSS 20.0 is designed to help users analyze and understand data quickly and efficiently.
Sourced in United States
SPSS for Windows ver. 16.0 is a software package for statistical analysis. It provides tools for data management, analysis, and presentation. The software offers a wide range of statistical techniques, including regression, correlation, and multivariate analysis.
Sourced in Germany, United States
Concerta is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Johnson & Johnson. It is designed to assist in the analysis and testing of various samples and substances within a controlled laboratory environment. The core function of Concerta is to provide consistent and reliable results for research and development purposes.
Sourced in United States
GenomeStudio software v2011.1 is a data analysis software developed by Illumina for the processing and analysis of data generated from Illumina's microarray and sequencing platforms. The software provides a comprehensive suite of analytical tools for visualizing, normalizing, and interpreting genetic data. It is designed to enable researchers to effectively manage and analyze large-scale genomic data.
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Israel, Canada, Austria, Belgium, Poland, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Japan, China, France, Brazil, New Zealand, Switzerland, Sweden, Australia
GraphPad Prism 5 is a data analysis and graphing software. It provides tools for data organization, statistical analysis, and visual representation of results.
More about "Attention Deficit Disorder"
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
Formerly known as Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), this condition can significantly impact an individual's cognitive, academic, and social functioning.
ADHD is often diagnosed in childhood but can persist into adulthood, requiring comprehensive evaluation and tailored treatment approaches for optimal management.
Research on ADHD has benefited from advancements in various tools and software.
For instance, the PVT-192 and BeadXpress System have been utilized in ADHD studies, while SPSS (versions 16.0, 20.0, and 25), SAS (version 9.4), and GraphPad Prism 5 have been employed for data analysis.
Additionally, the GenomeStudio software v2011.1 has been used in genetic studies related to ADHD.
Effective management of ADHD often involves a combination of medication, such as Concerta, and behavioral interventions.
Researchers and clinicians strive to enhance the understanding and treatment of this condition, with the goal of improving the quality of life for individuals affected by ADHD.
PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform, can revolutionize ADHD research by optimizing research protocols, enhancing reproducibility, and facilitating the identification of the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents.
Formerly known as Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), this condition can significantly impact an individual's cognitive, academic, and social functioning.
ADHD is often diagnosed in childhood but can persist into adulthood, requiring comprehensive evaluation and tailored treatment approaches for optimal management.
Research on ADHD has benefited from advancements in various tools and software.
For instance, the PVT-192 and BeadXpress System have been utilized in ADHD studies, while SPSS (versions 16.0, 20.0, and 25), SAS (version 9.4), and GraphPad Prism 5 have been employed for data analysis.
Additionally, the GenomeStudio software v2011.1 has been used in genetic studies related to ADHD.
Effective management of ADHD often involves a combination of medication, such as Concerta, and behavioral interventions.
Researchers and clinicians strive to enhance the understanding and treatment of this condition, with the goal of improving the quality of life for individuals affected by ADHD.
PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform, can revolutionize ADHD research by optimizing research protocols, enhancing reproducibility, and facilitating the identification of the best protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents.