After quality control (QC), this study included whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data for 1,439 colorectal cancer (CRC) cases and 720 controls from 5 studies, and GWAS array data for 58,131 CRC or advanced adenoma cases (3,674; 6.3% of cases) and 67,347 controls from 45 studies from GECCO, CORECT, and CCFR. The Stage 1 meta-analysis comprised existing genotyping data from 30 studies that were included in previously published CRC GWAS13 (link),18 (link),22 (link). After QC, the Stage 1 meta-analysis included 34,869 cases and 29,051 controls. Study participants were predominantly of European ancestry (31,843 cases and 26,783 controls; 91.7% of participants). Because it was shown previously that the vast majority of known CRC risk variants are shared between Europeans and East Asians17 (link), we included 3,026 cases and 2,268 controls of East Asian ancestry to increase power for discovery. The Stage 2 meta-analysis comprised newly generated genotype data involving 4 genotyping projects and 22 studies. After QC, the Stage 2 meta-analysis included 23,262 cases and 38,296 controls, all of European ancestry. Studies, sample selection, and matching are described in the Supplementary Text . Supplementary Table 1 provides details on sample numbers, and demographic characteristics of study participants. All participants provided written informed consent, and each study was approved by the relevant research ethics committee or institutional review board. Four normal colon mucosa biopsies for ATAC-seq were obtained from patients with a normal colon at colonoscopy at the Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Spain. Patients signed informed consent, and the protocol was approved by the Bellvitge Hospital Ethics Committee (Colscreen protocol PR084/16).
>
Disorders
>
Neoplastic Process
>
Adenoma
Adenoma
Adenoma is a benign neoplasm or tumor composed of adenomatous cells, which are epithelial cells arranged in a glandular pattern.
Adenomas can occur in various organs, such as the thyroid, pituitary, adrenal, and prostate glands, as well as the colon and rectum.
They are often asymptomatic but can cause organ-specific symptoms depending on their location and size.
Adneoma research is crucial for understanding the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of these common growths.
Leverging cutting-edeg AI-powered platforms like PubCompare.ai can help streamline adenoma studies by identifying the most accurate and reproducible protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, ensuring efficient and reliable research.
Adenomas can occur in various organs, such as the thyroid, pituitary, adrenal, and prostate glands, as well as the colon and rectum.
They are often asymptomatic but can cause organ-specific symptoms depending on their location and size.
Adneoma research is crucial for understanding the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of these common growths.
Leverging cutting-edeg AI-powered platforms like PubCompare.ai can help streamline adenoma studies by identifying the most accurate and reproducible protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, ensuring efficient and reliable research.
Most cited protocols related to «Adenoma»
Adenoma
Asian Persons
ATAC-Seq
Biopsy
Colon
Colonoscopy
Colorectal Carcinoma
East Asian People
Ethics Committees, Clinical
Ethics Committees, Research
Europeans
Genome-Wide Association Study
Malignant Neoplasms
Mucous Membrane
Patients
Adenoma
ARID1A protein, human
CpG Islands
Endoscopy
Hyperplasia
Malignant Neoplasms
Microsatellite Instability
Operative Surgical Procedures
Phenotype
Polyps
Syndrome
Adenoma
Calcibiotic Root Canal Sealer
Cancer of Colon
Carcinoma
Colon
Disease Progression
Homo sapiens
Hospital Administration
Malignant Neoplasms
Neoplasms
Patients
RNA, Messenger
TGFB1 protein, human
TGFB2 protein, human
TGFB3 protein, human
Transforming Growth Factor beta
The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Utah. Study participants came from two population-based case–control studies that included all incident colon and rectal cancers between 30 and 79 years of age who resided along the Wasatch Front in Utah or were members of the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program (KPMCP) in Northern California. Participants were white, Hispanic or black for the colon cancer study (diagnosed between October 1991 and September 1994); the rectal cancer study (diagnosed between June 1997 and May 2001) also included Asians and American Indians not living on reservations (12 (link),13 (link)). Tumor tissue was obtained for 97% of all Utah cases diagnosed and for 85% of all KPMCP study participants (14 (link)).
Of the 2619 participants who were targeted for the study, we could not make miRNA on 637 because of too little tissue (Supplementary Table 1 , available at Carcinogenesis Online). Both carcinoma and normal colonic mucosa (subsequently called normal) miRNA scans were obtained for 1657 individuals, carcinoma only miRNA scans for 297 participants, and normal only scans for 21 people. Both the carcinoma and normal tissue microarray failed for seven people. We targeted adenoma tissue for 388 individuals with carcinoma and obtained adenoma scans on 298 people. We could not make adenoma RNA for 84 adenomas and 6 microarrays failed. Since the study focuses on matched carcinoma–adenoma–normal samples, we excluded from analysis individuals whose microarray scan showed weak signal (i.e. 60 carcinomas, 80 normals and 2 adenomas) and those whose carcinoma could not be obtained (i.e. 59 individuals with normal tissue only when the carcinoma tissue microarray failed or did not pass QC and six individuals with adenoma only tissue when carcinoma tissue failed). After imputing normal miRNA (see Statistical methods for details) values for 354 individuals for those with only carcinoma tissue, we had a total of 1893 carcinoma/normal pairs and 290 individuals with carcinoma/adenoma/normal for analysis.
Of the 2619 participants who were targeted for the study, we could not make miRNA on 637 because of too little tissue (
Adenoma
American Indians
Asian Americans
Cancer of Colon
Carcinogenesis
Carcinoma
Colon
Debility
Ethics Committees, Research
Hispanics
Microarray Analysis
MicroRNAs
Mucous Membrane
Neoplasms
Radionuclide Imaging
Rectal Cancer
Tissues
Species abundances (using the species delineation from Mende et al (2013 (link))) were used to calculate Shannon diversity index and species
richness for each sample in study population F using the diversity and
specnumber functions, respectively, of the vegan R package (http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/vegan/index.html ). Differences between tumor-free
and CRC patients were assessed by the Kruskal–Wallis test (Supplementary Fig S1D and E).
Gene richness (the number of genes from the metagenomic gene catalog with nonzero abundance) was
calculated for each sample from study population F after rarefying to 3 million reads per sample;
differences were evaluated using the Kruskal–Wallis test (Supplementary Fig S1F).
As an additional high-level descriptor of gut microbial community composition, we analyzed the
abundance ratio between the phyla of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes (Turnbaugh et al,
2006 (link)) with respect to separation of the three groups of
participants using the Kruskal–Wallis test (Supplementary Fig S1C).
Enterotypes were determined on a reference set of the 292 healthy individuals from study
population H (Qin et al, 2010 (link); Le Chatelier
et al, 2013 (link)) using the original
computational protocol and PCoA visualization (Supplementary Fig S1A) (for details, see Arumugam
et al (2014 (link), 2011 (link))). We projected the 156 samples from study population F into this PCoA space (Trosset
& Priebe, 2006 ) and assigned enterotypes by minimal
JSD distance to the medoid of each enterotype (i.e., to the nearest cluster center). Differences in
enterotype composition between CRC patients (all stages) and tumor-free controls (some with
adenomas) of study population F were assessed using the Fisher test (Supplementary Fig S1B).
Additionally, we subjected study population F to a PCoA independently of other datasets and
investigated the separation of CRC cases from controls (neoplasia-free participants and patients
with small adenomas) along principal coordinates; significance was assessed using the Wilcoxon test
(Supplementary Fig S1G–J).
To assess whether differences in such high-level descriptors of microbial community structure are
useful for CRC detection, we built a logistic regression model with the ten first principal
coordinates (from Supplementary Fig S1G) and the Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio (Supplementary
Fig S1C) as predictors. Its accuracy was determined using tenfold cross-validation on study
population F and ROC analysis (Supplementary Fig S1K).
richness for each sample in study population F using the diversity and
specnumber functions, respectively, of the vegan R package (
and CRC patients were assessed by the Kruskal–Wallis test (Supplementary Fig S1D and E).
Gene richness (the number of genes from the metagenomic gene catalog with nonzero abundance) was
calculated for each sample from study population F after rarefying to 3 million reads per sample;
differences were evaluated using the Kruskal–Wallis test (Supplementary Fig S1F).
As an additional high-level descriptor of gut microbial community composition, we analyzed the
abundance ratio between the phyla of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes (Turnbaugh et al,
2006 (link)) with respect to separation of the three groups of
participants using the Kruskal–Wallis test (Supplementary Fig S1C).
Enterotypes were determined on a reference set of the 292 healthy individuals from study
population H (Qin et al, 2010 (link); Le Chatelier
et al, 2013 (link)) using the original
computational protocol and PCoA visualization (Supplementary Fig S1A) (for details, see Arumugam
et al (2014 (link), 2011 (link))). We projected the 156 samples from study population F into this PCoA space (Trosset
& Priebe, 2006 ) and assigned enterotypes by minimal
JSD distance to the medoid of each enterotype (i.e., to the nearest cluster center). Differences in
enterotype composition between CRC patients (all stages) and tumor-free controls (some with
adenomas) of study population F were assessed using the Fisher test (Supplementary Fig S1B).
Additionally, we subjected study population F to a PCoA independently of other datasets and
investigated the separation of CRC cases from controls (neoplasia-free participants and patients
with small adenomas) along principal coordinates; significance was assessed using the Wilcoxon test
(Supplementary Fig S1G–J).
To assess whether differences in such high-level descriptors of microbial community structure are
useful for CRC detection, we built a logistic regression model with the ten first principal
coordinates (from Supplementary Fig S1G) and the Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio (Supplementary
Fig S1C) as predictors. Its accuracy was determined using tenfold cross-validation on study
population F and ROC analysis (Supplementary Fig S1K).
Full text: Click here
Adenoma
Bacteroidetes
Firmicutes
Genes
Metagenome
Microbial Community
Neoplasms
Patients
Vegan
Most recents protocols related to «Adenoma»
Sensitivity (percentage of patients with adenomas whose FIT value exceeded a specified cut-off) and false-positive rates (or 100 minus specificity; percentage of patients without adenomas whose FIT value exceeded a specified cut-off) were calculated as measures of FIT test performance.
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to illustrate the diagnostic ability of FIT, performed for all polyps and for each risk type respectively. Areas under the ROC curve were calculated to quantify FIT prediction performance. A multivariable logistic regression was performed for polyp detection outcome, including variables of patient age, patient ethnicity, patient sex, and f-Hb of 10 or higher.
Patients who were missing polypectomy information, and therefore polyp diagnosis, were not included in the denominator of any rates. Patients diagnosed with cancer following clinical investigations were not included in any of the analyses, however all other diagnoses were included.
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to illustrate the diagnostic ability of FIT, performed for all polyps and for each risk type respectively. Areas under the ROC curve were calculated to quantify FIT prediction performance. A multivariable logistic regression was performed for polyp detection outcome, including variables of patient age, patient ethnicity, patient sex, and f-Hb of 10 or higher.
Patients who were missing polypectomy information, and therefore polyp diagnosis, were not included in the denominator of any rates. Patients diagnosed with cancer following clinical investigations were not included in any of the analyses, however all other diagnoses were included.
Full text: Click here
Adenoma
Diagnosis
Ethnicity
Hypersensitivity
Malignant Neoplasms
Patients
Polyps
The outcome of interest was the sensitivity of FIT in detecting the presence of adenomas.
Full text: Click here
Adenoma
Hypersensitivity
Clinical outcomes were collected for all patients who provided a viable sample, by requesting copies of examination reports from participating sites every month. All diagnoses were determined by reviewing endoscopy, radiology, and histology reports, clinic letters, and urgent referral forms provided by the participating sites. Patient and clinical data included symptoms, reasons for the referral, medical history, and sociodemographic factors. All diagnoses were verified by medical members of the central research team.
All neoplastic bowel polyps, either adenomatous polyps or sessile serrated polyps, were identified and were given a risk of either ‘low’, ‘intermediate’, or ‘high’ depending on their size and frequency; contemporary UK and European guidelines were used in this study23 ,24 (link), with low risk defined as 1–2 adenomas less than 10 mm, intermediate risk as 3–4 small adenomas less than 10 mm or one adenoma 10 mm or more, and high risk as five or more adenomas less than 10 mm or three or more adenomas with at least one 10 mm or more.
Non-neoplastic polyps, such as hyperplastic, inflammatory, or pseudopolyps, were classified separately. Patients with a risk score for their polyps at first, second, or third examinations had their cumulative number and/or highest risk polyp taken as their final score. Remaining bowel pathology was classified as one of CRC, inflammatory bowel disease (colitis/proctitis), diverticulosis, haemorrhoids, normal examination, or procedure stopped/incomplete. Patients with concurrent polyps and CRC were classified as CRC and not included in the analysis, as our target group for this study was those without CRC in whom we could potentially identify polyps and plan for removal before they could progress to CRC.
All neoplastic bowel polyps, either adenomatous polyps or sessile serrated polyps, were identified and were given a risk of either ‘low’, ‘intermediate’, or ‘high’ depending on their size and frequency; contemporary UK and European guidelines were used in this study23 ,24 (link), with low risk defined as 1–2 adenomas less than 10 mm, intermediate risk as 3–4 small adenomas less than 10 mm or one adenoma 10 mm or more, and high risk as five or more adenomas less than 10 mm or three or more adenomas with at least one 10 mm or more.
Non-neoplastic polyps, such as hyperplastic, inflammatory, or pseudopolyps, were classified separately. Patients with a risk score for their polyps at first, second, or third examinations had their cumulative number and/or highest risk polyp taken as their final score. Remaining bowel pathology was classified as one of CRC, inflammatory bowel disease (colitis/proctitis), diverticulosis, haemorrhoids, normal examination, or procedure stopped/incomplete. Patients with concurrent polyps and CRC were classified as CRC and not included in the analysis, as our target group for this study was those without CRC in whom we could potentially identify polyps and plan for removal before they could progress to CRC.
Full text: Click here
Adenoma
Adenomatous Polyps
Colitis
Diagnosis
Diverticulosis
Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
Europeans
Hemorrhoids
Hyperplasia
Inflammation
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Intestinal Polyps
Intestines
Neoplasms
Patients
Physical Examination
Polyps
Proctitis
X-Rays, Diagnostic
Murine tissue specimens were fixed overnight in 4% buffered formalin, dehydrated, embedded in paraffin and sectioned (2.5 µm thick). ADM, PanIN lesions and intestinal adenomas and carcinomas were quantified using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections64 (link). Quantification was carried out blinded to the genotype.
TUNEL staining was conducted using the In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, POD (Roche). Alcian blue staining and immunohistochemistry were performed using standard procedures64 (link). If not stated otherwise, antigen retrieval was performed in citrate buffer, pH 6.0 in a microwave oven. The following primary antibodies were used: Muc5a (antigen retrieval Tris/EDTA pH 9.0, 1:200, 45M1 #MS-145-P1, Neomarkers), Cytokeratin 19 (1:300, TROMA 3 Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank), E-cadherin (1:100, #610181, BD Biosciences), Rabbit anti-Ki67 (1:50, #MA5-14520, SP6, ThermoFischer), p-γ-H2AX (1:500, #05-636, Millipore), Cleaved Caspase 3 (1:250, #9664, Cell Signaling Technology), BrdU (1:500, #MCA2060, AbD Serotec), pRB (1:100, #8516, Cell Signaling Technology), p16INK4A (1:50, #sc-1661, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), TRP53 (1:400, #NCL-p53-CM5p, Novocastra/Leica Microsystems), p21CIP1 (1:50, #sc-397, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), SNAIL (1:50, #3879, Cell Signaling Technology).
For BrdU assay, 5 mg/kg 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU), dissolved in sterile PBS, was injected intraperitoneally into animals 2 h before sacrifice.
Images were acquired with AxioVision Rel 4.8 and Aperio ImageScope v12.3.3. For counting of BrdU-, pRB-, and p-γ-H2AX-positive cells in ADMs and PanINs, one- to three-months old PKrasG12D/+;SnailKI/+ mice and one-month to two-year old PKrasG12D/+ animals were used. Quantification was carried out blinded to the genotype.
TUNEL staining was conducted using the In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, POD (Roche). Alcian blue staining and immunohistochemistry were performed using standard procedures64 (link). If not stated otherwise, antigen retrieval was performed in citrate buffer, pH 6.0 in a microwave oven. The following primary antibodies were used: Muc5a (antigen retrieval Tris/EDTA pH 9.0, 1:200, 45M1 #MS-145-P1, Neomarkers), Cytokeratin 19 (1:300, TROMA 3 Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank), E-cadherin (1:100, #610181, BD Biosciences), Rabbit anti-Ki67 (1:50, #MA5-14520, SP6, ThermoFischer), p-γ-H2AX (1:500, #05-636, Millipore), Cleaved Caspase 3 (1:250, #9664, Cell Signaling Technology), BrdU (1:500, #MCA2060, AbD Serotec), pRB (1:100, #8516, Cell Signaling Technology), p16INK4A (1:50, #sc-1661, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), TRP53 (1:400, #NCL-p53-CM5p, Novocastra/Leica Microsystems), p21CIP1 (1:50, #sc-397, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), SNAIL (1:50, #3879, Cell Signaling Technology).
For BrdU assay, 5 mg/kg 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU), dissolved in sterile PBS, was injected intraperitoneally into animals 2 h before sacrifice.
Images were acquired with AxioVision Rel 4.8 and Aperio ImageScope v12.3.3. For counting of BrdU-, pRB-, and p-γ-H2AX-positive cells in ADMs and PanINs, one- to three-months old PKrasG12D/+;SnailKI/+ mice and one-month to two-year old PKrasG12D/+ animals were used. Quantification was carried out blinded to the genotype.
Full text: Click here
5-bromouridine
Adenoma
ADM protein, human
Alcian Blue
Animals
Antibodies
Antigens
Biological Assay
Bromodeoxyuridine
Buffers
Carcinoma
Caspase 3
CDKN1A protein, human
CDKN2A Gene
Cell Death
Cells
Citrates
E-Cadherin
Edetic Acid
Eosin
Formalin
Genotype
Helix (Snails)
Hybridomas
Immunohistochemistry
In Situ Nick-End Labeling
Intestines
Keratin-19
Microwaves
Mus
Paraffin Embedding
Rabbits
Sterility, Reproductive
Tissues
Tromethamine
Tumor samples were obtained from the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. This study included archived Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) samples from 20 non-neoplastic thyroids, 8 adenomatous nodules and 60 sporadic well-differentiated follicular derived thyroid cancers (DTC): 47 PTCs and 13 FTCs. Demographic information including age and sex was collected from each patient in addition to histopathologic results and tumor staging. Ethics approvals for collection and use of the patient samples were obtained from the CHOP Institutional Review Board as part of the Child and Adolescent Thyroid Consortium (CATC) Biorepository study (IRB# 20-018240).
Full text: Click here
Adenoma
Adolescent
Child
Emtricitabine
Factor IX Complex
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma
Formalin
Neoplasms
Paraffin Embedding
Patients
Thyroid Gland
Thyroid Neoplasm
Top products related to «Adenoma»
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, Italy, France, Switzerland, New Zealand, Brazil, Belgium, India, Spain, Israel, Austria, Poland, Ireland, Sweden, Macao, Netherlands, Denmark, Cameroon, Singapore, Portugal, Argentina, Holy See (Vatican City State), Morocco, Uruguay, Mexico, Thailand, Sao Tome and Principe, Hungary, Panama, Hong Kong, Norway, United Arab Emirates, Czechia, Russian Federation, Chile, Moldova, Republic of, Gabon, Palestine, State of, Saudi Arabia, Senegal
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
Sourced in United States, Austria, Japan, Cameroon, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, Belgium, Israel, Denmark, Australia, New Caledonia, France, Argentina, Sweden, Ireland, India
SAS version 9.4 is a statistical software package. It provides tools for data management, analysis, and reporting. The software is designed to help users extract insights from data and make informed decisions.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, Lithuania, Italy, Australia, Canada, Denmark, China, New Zealand, Spain, Belgium, France, Sweden, Switzerland, Brazil, Austria, Ireland, India, Netherlands, Portugal, Jamaica
RNAlater is a RNA stabilization solution developed by Thermo Fisher Scientific. It is designed to protect RNA from degradation during sample collection, storage, and transportation. RNAlater stabilizes the RNA in tissues and cells, allowing for efficient RNA extraction and analysis.
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Canada, France, Japan, Australia, Switzerland, Israel, Italy, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Gabon, Ireland, New Zealand, Sweden, Netherlands, Denmark, Brazil, Macao, India, Singapore, Poland, Argentina, Cameroon, Uruguay, Morocco, Panama, Colombia, Holy See (Vatican City State), Hungary, Norway, Portugal, Mexico, Thailand, Palestine, State of, Finland, Moldova, Republic of, Jamaica, Czechia
Penicillin/streptomycin is a commonly used antibiotic solution for cell culture applications. It contains a combination of penicillin and streptomycin, which are broad-spectrum antibiotics that inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Sourced in United States, China, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, France, Italy, Australia, Spain, Switzerland, Netherlands, Belgium, Lithuania, Denmark, Singapore, New Zealand, India, Brazil, Argentina, Sweden, Norway, Austria, Poland, Finland, Israel, Hong Kong, Cameroon, Sao Tome and Principe, Macao, Taiwan, Province of China, Thailand
TRIzol reagent is a monophasic solution of phenol, guanidine isothiocyanate, and other proprietary components designed for the isolation of total RNA, DNA, and proteins from a variety of biological samples. The reagent maintains the integrity of the RNA while disrupting cells and dissolving cell components.
Sourced in United States, Austria, Canada, Belgium, United Kingdom, Germany, China, Japan, Poland, Israel, Switzerland, New Zealand, Australia, Spain, Sweden
Prism 8 is a data analysis and graphing software developed by GraphPad. It is designed for researchers to visualize, analyze, and present scientific data.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, China, Canada, France, Italy, Japan, Israel, Switzerland, Australia, Macao, Belgium, Spain, Denmark, Jersey
EGF is a lab equipment product from Thermo Fisher Scientific. It is a recombinant human Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) protein. EGF is a growth factor that plays a role in cell proliferation and differentiation.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, China, France, Canada, Japan, Australia, Switzerland, Italy, Israel, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Brazil, Netherlands, Gabon, Denmark, Poland, Ireland, New Zealand, Sweden, Argentina, India, Macao, Uruguay, Portugal, Holy See (Vatican City State), Czechia, Singapore, Panama, Thailand, Moldova, Republic of, Finland, Morocco
Penicillin is a type of antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent effective against a variety of bacteria. Penicillin functions by disrupting the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell death.
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, China, France, Canada, Australia, Japan, Switzerland, Italy, Belgium, Israel, Austria, Spain, Netherlands, Poland, Brazil, Denmark, Argentina, Sweden, New Zealand, Ireland, India, Gabon, Macao, Portugal, Czechia, Singapore, Norway, Thailand, Uruguay, Moldova, Republic of, Finland, Panama
Streptomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It functions as a protein synthesis inhibitor, targeting the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, which plays a crucial role in the translation of genetic information into proteins. Streptomycin is commonly used in microbiological research and applications that require selective inhibition of bacterial growth.
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Australia, Canada, Japan, Italy, Switzerland, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Israel, New Zealand, Ireland, Denmark, India, Poland, Sweden, Argentina, Netherlands, Brazil, Macao, Singapore, Sao Tome and Principe, Cameroon, Hong Kong, Portugal, Morocco, Hungary, Finland, Puerto Rico, Holy See (Vatican City State), Gabon, Bulgaria, Norway, Jamaica
DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) is a cell culture medium formulated to support the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell types, including mammalian cells. It provides essential nutrients, amino acids, vitamins, and other components necessary for cell proliferation and survival in an in vitro environment.
More about "Adenoma"
Adenoma is a type of benign tumor composed of adenomatous cells, which are epithelial cells arranged in a glandular pattern.
These growths can occur in various organs, such as the thyroid, pituitary, adrenal, and prostate glands, as well as the colon and rectum.
Adenomas are often asymptomatic but can cause organ-specific symptoms depending on their location and size.
Understanding the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of these common growths is crucial, and researchers can leverage cutting-edge AI-powered platforms like PubCompare.ai to streamline their adenoma studies.
PubCompare.ai helps identify the most accurate and reproducible protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, ensuring efficient and reliable research.
Researchers can also utilize tools like FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum), SAS version 9.4, RNAlater, Penicillin/streptomycin, TRIzol reagent, and Prism 8 to support their adenoma studies.
These resources can provide valuable insights and data analysis capabilities.
Additionally, growth factors like EGF (Epidermal Growth Factor) and antimicrobials such as Penicillin and Streptomycin may be employed in cell culture experiments to investigate adenoma development and behavior.
By combining the power of AI-driven protocol optimization, specialized research tools, and a comprehensive understanding of adenoma biology, researchers can streamline their studies and uncover new insights that advance the field of adenoma research.
These growths can occur in various organs, such as the thyroid, pituitary, adrenal, and prostate glands, as well as the colon and rectum.
Adenomas are often asymptomatic but can cause organ-specific symptoms depending on their location and size.
Understanding the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of these common growths is crucial, and researchers can leverage cutting-edge AI-powered platforms like PubCompare.ai to streamline their adenoma studies.
PubCompare.ai helps identify the most accurate and reproducible protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, ensuring efficient and reliable research.
Researchers can also utilize tools like FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum), SAS version 9.4, RNAlater, Penicillin/streptomycin, TRIzol reagent, and Prism 8 to support their adenoma studies.
These resources can provide valuable insights and data analysis capabilities.
Additionally, growth factors like EGF (Epidermal Growth Factor) and antimicrobials such as Penicillin and Streptomycin may be employed in cell culture experiments to investigate adenoma development and behavior.
By combining the power of AI-driven protocol optimization, specialized research tools, and a comprehensive understanding of adenoma biology, researchers can streamline their studies and uncover new insights that advance the field of adenoma research.