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> Disorders > Neoplastic Process > Teratoma

Teratoma

Teratoma: A type of germ cell tumor containing tissues from all three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm).
Teratomas can be found in a variety of locations, including the ovary, testis, sacrococcygeal region, and other sites.
They can contain differentiated tissues such as hair, teeth, bone, and nervous system elements.
Teratomas range from benign to highly malignant, depending on the degree of differentiation and other histologic features.

Most cited protocols related to «Teratoma»

1
Comprehensive Exome Sequencing of Reprogrammed Cells
Cited 34 times
CV-hiPS-F and CV-hiPS-B were reprogrammed from CV Fibroblasts using 4-factor retroviral vectors. PGP1-iPS cells were reprogrammed by Cellular Dynamics using the same four factors in a lentiviral vector from PGP1F fibroblasts29 (link). dH1F-iPS8, dH1F-iPS9, dH1cF16-iPS1, dH1cF16-iPS4, dH1cF16, and dH1F cells were obtained from previous cultures30 (link) reprogrammed with retroviral vectors containing the same factors31 (link). DF-6-9-9, DF-19-11, iPS4.7, and FS cells were obtained from previously existing cultures; the reprogramming process and characterization of lines has been described previously24 (link). iPS11a, iPS11b, iPS17a, iPS17b, iPS29A, iPS29e, Hib11, Hib17, and Hib29 cells were obtained from previous cultures reprogrammed using retroviral vectors encoding three or four factors32 (link). FiPS3F1 and FiPS4F7 were reprogrammed from HFFxF fibroblasts using similar protocols33 (link)-35 (link). FiPS4F2 and FiPS4F-shpRB4.5 were reprogrammed using the same 4-factor protocol from IMR90 fibroblasts. The mRNA-derived lines (CF-RiPS1.4, CF-RiPS1.9, and CF Fibroblasts) were obtained from previous cultures36 . All hiPS lines were extensively characterized for pluripotency. Fourteen lines were tested for teratoma formation and shown to express all embryonic germ layers in vivo. DNA was extracted from each cell type using Qiagen’s DNeasy kit.
Exome capture was performed with either a library of padlock probes, commercial hybridization capture DNA baits (NimbleGen SeqCap EZ), or RNA baits (Agilent SureSelect), and the resulting libraries were sequenced on an Illumina GA IIx sequencer. Putative mutations were rejected if they were known polymorphisms or contained any minor allele presence in the fibroblast. All candidate mutations were confirmed using capillary Sanger sequencing.
For digital quantification, mutations were PCR-amplified and sequenced using an Illumina GA IIx. These libraries were sequenced to obtain on average one million independent base calls for each location. A binomial test was then used to determine if the observed minor allele frequency could be separated from error and estimate the frequency of each mutation.
Detailed methods are available in the Supplementary Materials.
Gore A., Li Z., Fung H.L., Young J., Agarwal S., Antosiewicz-Bourget J., Canto I., Giorgetti A., Israel M., Kiskinis E., Lee J.H., Loh Y.H., Manos P.D., Montserrat N., Panopoulos A.D., Ruiz S., Wilbert M., Yu J., Kirkness E.F., Belmonte J.C., Rossi D.J., Thomson J., Eggan K., Daley G.Q., Goldstein L.S, & Zhang K. (2011). Somatic coding mutations in human induced pluripotent stem cells. Nature, 471(7336), 63-67.
Publication 2011
Alleles Capillaries CD44 protein, human Cells Cloning Vectors Coxa Crossbreeding DNA Library Embryo Exome factor A Fibroblasts Genetic Polymorphism Germ Layers Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Mutation Retroviridae RNA, Messenger Teratoma
2
Generation of iPSCs from MEFs
Cited 22 times
A vector, pCAG2LMKOSimO, which have c-Myc, Klf4, Oct4 and Sox2 coding regions linked with 2A peptide sequences driven by CAG enhancer/promoter18 (link),21 (link), were constructed as described in the Methods. The vectors were introduced into MEFs using Nucleofector II (Amaxa) and cells were cultured in ES cell culture condition for up to 4 weeks. Colonies showing ES cell-like morphology were picked and cultured either on irradiated MEFs (γMEFs) or gelatin after trypsinization. Gene expression, integration number/sites of the vector in the established cell lines were analyzed by quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, Southern blotting and inverse PCR, respectively. The reprogramming cassette was excised by Cre transient transfection in the presence or absence of an Fgf receptor inhibitor PD173074 (100 ng/ml), and pluripotency of the cell lines were examined in vitro (embryoid body formation, neural differentiation) and in vivo (teratoma formation, blastocyst injection).
Full Methods accompany this paper.
Kaji K., Norrby K., Paca A., Mileikovsky M., Mohseni P, & Woltjen K. (2009). Virus free induction of pluripotency and subsequent excision of reprogramming factors. Nature, 458(7239), 771-775.
Publication 2009
Blastocyst Cell Lines Cells Cloning Vectors Embryoid Bodies Embryonic Stem Cells Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors Gelatins Gene Expression Inverse PCR KLF4 protein, human Nervousness Oncogenes, myc PD 173074 Peptides POU5F1 protein, human SOX2 Transcription Factor Teratoma Transfection Transients
3
Generation of iPSCs from MEFs
Cited 22 times
A vector, pCAG2LMKOSimO, which have c-Myc, Klf4, Oct4 and Sox2 coding regions linked with 2A peptide sequences driven by CAG enhancer/promoter18 (link),21 (link), were constructed as described in the Methods. The vectors were introduced into MEFs using Nucleofector II (Amaxa) and cells were cultured in ES cell culture condition for up to 4 weeks. Colonies showing ES cell-like morphology were picked and cultured either on irradiated MEFs (γMEFs) or gelatin after trypsinization. Gene expression, integration number/sites of the vector in the established cell lines were analyzed by quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, Southern blotting and inverse PCR, respectively. The reprogramming cassette was excised by Cre transient transfection in the presence or absence of an Fgf receptor inhibitor PD173074 (100 ng/ml), and pluripotency of the cell lines were examined in vitro (embryoid body formation, neural differentiation) and in vivo (teratoma formation, blastocyst injection).
Full Methods accompany this paper.
Kaji K., Norrby K., Paca A., Mileikovsky M., Mohseni P, & Woltjen K. (2009). Virus free induction of pluripotency and subsequent excision of reprogramming factors. Nature, 458(7239), 771-775.
Publication 2009
Blastocyst Cell Lines Cells Cloning Vectors Embryoid Bodies Embryonic Stem Cells Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors Gelatins Gene Expression Inverse PCR KLF4 protein, human Nervousness Oncogenes, myc PD 173074 Peptides POU5F1 protein, human SOX2 Transcription Factor Teratoma Transfection Transients
4
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Protocol
Cited 19 times
Control and TS iPSC lines were generated using retroviral infection with pMXs-SOX2, pMXs-OCT3/4, pMXs-MYC and pMXs-KLF4 expression plasmids (Add-gene) generated by Dr. Shinya Yamanaka’s group20 (link). The iPSCs were cultured on irradiated DR4 mouse embryonic fibroblast feeders using standard ES media with 10–15 ng/ml bFGF (R & D Systems), and cells were passaged with dispase (3 unit/ml, Invitrogen). The G1216A in exon 8a was detected by sequencing of PCR products from DNA harvested from fibroblasts and iPSC lines using primers for human Cav1.2 exon 8a. Immunocytochemistry, RT-PCR, microarray, karyotyping and teratoma formation assay were performed using standard protocols. For in vitro generation of cardiomyocytes, embryoid bodies were cultured with Wnt3a (100 ng/ml, R&D Systems) 27 (link). Whole-cell patch clamp recordings in single cardiomyocytes were conducted using standard methods. Live cell Ca2+ imaging was performed in single cardiomyocytes loaded with 5 μM Fluo-4 AM and 0.02% Pluronic F-127 (Molecular Probes) using fast line scanning (1.92 ms/line) on a confocal microscope (LSM 510 Meta, Carl Zeiss) with a 63× lens (NA=1.4). R-roscovitine was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich.
Yazawa M., Hsueh B., Jia X., Pasca A.M., Bernstein J.A., Hallmayer J, & Dolmetsch R.E. (2011). Using iPS cells to investigate cardiac phenotypes in patients with Timothy Syndrome. Nature, 471(7337), 230-234.
Publication 2011
Biological Assay CAV1 protein, human Cells dispase Embryo Embryoid Bodies Exons Fibroblasts Fluo 4 Genes Homo sapiens Immunocytochemistry Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells KLF4 protein, human Lens, Crystalline Microarray Analysis Microscopy, Confocal Molecular Probes Mus Myocytes, Cardiac Oligonucleotide Primers Plasmids Pluronic F-127 POU5F1 protein, human R-roscovitine Retroviridae Infections Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction SOX2 Transcription Factor Teratoma
5
Kidney Organoids and Teratoma Formation
Cited 16 times
Kidney organoid cultures (400,000 cells) were dissociated with Accutase, pelleted, resuspended in Advanced RPMI, and injected into the kidneys of P0 NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/J mice (Jackson Labs). The mice were sutured and sacrificed three weeks later and the kidneys were sectioned. To form teratomas, ∼ 2,000,000 undifferentiated hPSCs were dissociated, resuspended in 50 µl cold Matrigel (BD), and injected dorsally into 8-week old NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/J mice. Growths were harvested 8–10 weeks later. Male and female animals were utilized. Experiments were performed in compliance with ethical regulations and ARRIVE guidelines and in accordance with protocols approved by the Harvard Medical Area Standing Committee on Animals.
Freedman B.S., Brooks C.R., Lam A.Q., Fu H., Morizane R., Agrawal V., Saad A.F., Li M.K., Hughes M.R., Werff R.V., Peters D.T., Lu J., Baccei A., Siedlecki A.M., Valerius M.T., Musunuru K., McNagny K.M., Steinman T.I., Zhou J., Lerou P.H, & Bonventre J.V. (2015). Modelling kidney disease with CRISPR-mutant kidney organoids derived from human pluripotent epiblast spheroids. Nature Communications, 6, 8715.
Publication 2015
accutase Animals Cells Common Cold Females Kidney Males matrigel Mice, Inbred NOD Mus Organoids Teratoma

Most recents protocols related to «Teratoma»

1
Germ Cell Tumor Histology in Austria
Available data between 1983 and 2018 were provided by the Austrian National Cancer Registry (ANCR). The data set included histology of the tumor entity according to the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O-3, 3rd edition), date of diagnosis, and age of diagnosis. We subclassified the germ cell tumors derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ based on the 2016 update of the World Health Organization pathological classification into seminomas and nonseminomas. Seminomas included seminomas and anaplastic seminomas, while nonseminomas included embryonal carcinoma, yolk-sac tumor, teratoma, choriocarcinoma, and those classified simply as nonseminomatous germ cell tumors and germinal mixed tumors [2] (link).
Brönimann S., Mun D.H., Hackl M., Yang L., Shariat S.F, & Waldhoer T. (2023). Increase and Plateauing of Testicular Cancer Incidence in Austria—A Time Trend Analysis of the Past Four Decades. European Urology Open Science, 49, 104-109.
Publication 2023
Anaplasia Choriocarcinoma Diagnosis Embryonal Carcinoma Malignant Neoplasms Mixed Salivary Gland Tumor Neoplasms NSGCT Nonseminomatous germ cell tumor Seminoma Teratoma Tumor, Germ Cell Yolk Sac Tumor
2
Teratoma Formation from iPSCs
Teratoma assays were performed by injecting 1 × 106 iPSCs in NOD SCID gamma (NSG) mice. Cells were mixed with Matrigel (150 μL of Matrigel for 1 × 106 iPSCs) and injected in the right hind leg of the mouse. A total of 10 weeks after injection, mice were sacrificed, and pathological analysis of teratomas was performed.
Imeri J., Desterke C., Marcoux P., Telliam G., Sanekli S., Barreau S., Erbilgin Y., Latsis T., Hugues P., Sorel N., Cayssials E., Chomel J.C., Bennaceur-Griscelli A, & Turhan A.G. (2023). Modeling Blast Crisis Using Mutagenized Chronic Myeloid Leukemia-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs). Cells, 12(4), 598.
Publication 2023
Biological Assay Cells Gamma Rays Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells matrigel Mice, Inbred NOD Mus SCID Mice Teratoma
3
Teratoma Formation Assay in iPSCs
The teratoma formation assay was performed as described previously (Nelakanti et al., 2015 (link)). Briefly, ∼1 × 106 iPSCs were collected with Accutase, suspended in 50 μL Matrigel, and slowly injected into the gastrocnemius muscle of NOD/SCID Gamma mice. Teratomas were monitored and surgically removed 6–8 weeks after injection, fixed with 4% formaldehyde, and embedded in paraffin. The preserved samples were sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin at the Pathology Core Research Laboratory in the Department of Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham.
Wang L., Nguyen T., Rosa-Garrido M., Zhou Y., Cleveland D.C, & Zhang J. (2023). Comparative analysis of the cardiomyocyte differentiation potential of induced pluripotent stem cells reprogrammed from human atrial or ventricular fibroblasts. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 11, 1108340.
Publication 2023
accutase Biological Assay Eosin Formaldehyde Gamma Rays Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells matrigel Mice, Inbred NOD Muscle, Gastrocnemius Operative Surgical Procedures Paraffin Embedding SCID Mice Teratoma
4
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Characterization
Teratoma formation
was performed to evaluate differentiation potency. 106 iPSCs
in total were collected, resuspended in 100 μL of Matrigel,
and transplanted to immune-deficient mice (NOD/SCID) of 6-week subcutaneously.
Eight weeks later, teratomas were surgically dissected and fixed.
Representative sections of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain of
all three germ layers were demonstrated.
For karyotyping analysis,
colcemid (10 ug/mL) was used to treat iPSCs at 37 °C for 1 h.
After being dissociated by Accutase (STEMCELL Technologies, #07920),
iPSCs were collected, treated by hypotonic KCl solution at the concentration
of 0.075 M at 37 °C for 20 min, and fixed by Carnoy’s
fixative. Next, Giemsa stain was performed. Twenty cells in metaphase
were counted for G-banding analysis.
Lin Y., Zhang F., Chen S., Zhu X., Jiao J., Zhang Y., Li Z., Lin J., Ma B., Chen M., Wang P.Y, & Cui C. (2023). Binary Colloidal Crystals Promote Cardiac Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells via Nuclear Accumulation of SETDB1. ACS Nano, 17(3), 3181-3193.
Publication 2023
accutase Cells Colcemide Eosin Germ Layers Hematoxylin Hypotonic Solutions Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells matrigel Mus Operative Surgical Procedures SCID Mice Stain, Giemsa Stem Cells Teratoma
5
In Vivo Evaluation of Pluripotency
To evaluate pluripotency in vivo, we used matrix glue (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) to attach BCFFs and three bciPSC lines (1 × 107 cells/site), which were then resuspended and transplanted into the dorsal flank of immune-deficient BALB/cNude mice. Three mice were used for each cell, for a total of twelve mice. Six- to eight-week-old nude mice were housed under pathogen-free conditions in a temperature-controlled room on a 12/12 h light/dark schedule with food and water ad libitum. After four months, the mice were sacrificed, and the tumors were dissected. Teratomas were then analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining (Solarbio, Beijing, China), a reticular fiber staining kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China), and collagen fiber staining (Solarbio, Beijing, China). Simultaneously, the three-germ layer identification antibody was used for the immunohistochemical identification of teratomas.
Li Z., Li Y., Zhang Q., Ge W., Zhang Y., Zhao X., Hu J., Yuan L, & Zhang W. (2023). Establishment of Bactrian Camel Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Prediction of Their Unique Pluripotency Genes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(3), 1917.
Publication 2023
Cells Collagen Eosin Fibrosis Food Germ Layers Hematoxylin Immunoglobulins Light Mice, Nude Mus Neoplasms pathogenesis Reticulin Teratoma

Top products related to «Teratoma»

1
Matrigel by BD
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, China, Canada, Japan, Italy, France, Belgium, Australia, Uruguay, Switzerland, Israel, India, Spain, Denmark, Morocco, Austria, Brazil, Ireland, Netherlands, Montenegro, Poland
Matrigel is a solubilized basement membrane preparation extracted from the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a tumor rich in extracellular matrix proteins. It is widely used as a substrate for the in vitro cultivation of cells, particularly those that require a more physiologically relevant microenvironment for growth and differentiation.
2
Matrigel by Corning
Sourced in United States, China, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, Japan, France, Netherlands, Montenegro, Switzerland, Austria, Australia, Colombia, Spain, Morocco, India, Azerbaijan
Matrigel is a complex mixture of extracellular matrix proteins derived from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma cells. It is widely used as a basement membrane matrix to support the growth, differentiation, and morphogenesis of various cell types in cell culture applications.
3
Nod scid mice by Charles River Laboratories
Sourced in China, Japan, United States, Italy, Germany, France, Canada, United Kingdom
NOD/SCID mice are a strain of genetically engineered mice that lack a functional immune system. They are commonly used in biomedical research as a model for studying human diseases and evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.
4
Collagenase 4 by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Germany, Switzerland, China, United Kingdom, Japan, France, Canada, Belgium
Collagenase IV is an enzyme used in cell biology research and tissue culture applications. It is designed to dissociate and isolate cells from a variety of tissues by breaking down the collagen in the extracellular matrix.
5
Dmem f12 by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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DMEM/F12 is a cell culture medium developed by Thermo Fisher Scientific. It is a balanced salt solution that provides nutrients and growth factors essential for the cultivation of a variety of cell types, including adherent and suspension cells. The medium is formulated to support the proliferation and maintenance of cells in vitro.
6
Mtesr1 medium by STEMCELL
Sourced in Canada, United States, France, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, Italy
MTeSR1 is a complete, serum-free medium designed for the maintenance of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in an undifferentiated state. It provides the necessary components to support the growth and self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells.
7
Accutase by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Switzerland, Canada, Belgium, China, Sweden, Japan
Accutase is a cell detachment solution designed for the gentle dissociation of adherent cells. It contains a mixture of proteolytic and collagenolytic enzymes that effectively disrupt cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions, allowing for the easy harvesting and passaging of a variety of cell types.
8
Non essential amino acids (neaa) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, France, Japan, China, Australia, Switzerland, Belgium, Italy, Austria, Sweden, Ireland, Spain, Gabon, Brazil, Netherlands, Holy See (Vatican City State), Israel, Argentina, Colombia, Sao Tome and Principe
Non-essential amino acids are a group of amino acids that can be synthesized by the human body and are not required to be obtained through diet. These amino acids play a fundamental role in various biological processes, including protein synthesis and cellular function.
9
Nod scid mice by Jackson ImmunoResearch
Sourced in United States, Montenegro
NOD/SCID mice are a strain of immunodeficient mice commonly used in biomedical research. They have a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mutation and lack functional T and B cells, as well as a mutation in the NOD background that impairs innate immune cells. This combination of genetic defects results in a highly immunocompromised phenotype, which makes NOD/SCID mice a valuable tool for the study of human cells and diseases.
10
Scid mice by Charles River Laboratories
Sourced in China, United States, United Kingdom, Japan, Italy, France, Germany
SCID mice are a type of laboratory mouse with a rare genetic mutation that results in a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). This condition leaves the mice with a compromised immune system, lacking functional T and B cells. SCID mice are commonly used in biomedical research to study immune system function, test new therapies, and serve as hosts for human cells or tissues.

More about "Teratoma"

Teratomas are a type of germ cell tumor that contain tissues from all three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
These complex tumors can form in a variety of locations, including the ovaries, testicles, sacrococcygeal region, and other sites.
Teratomas can consist of differentiated tissues such as hair, teeth, bone, and nervous system elements.
The degree of differentiation and other histologic features determine the range from benign to highly malignant teratomas.
When studying teratomas, researchers often utilize specialized cell culture techniques and materials.
Matrigel, a gelatinous protein mixture, can be used as an extracellular matrix to support the growth and differentiation of teratoma cells.
NOD/SCID mice, a type of immunodeficient mouse, are commonly used as a xenograft model for teratoma research.
Collagenase IV is an enzyme used to dissociate teratoma tissues into single cells for further experimentation.
DMEM/F12 and MTeSR1 are culture media formulations that provide necessary nutrients and growth factors for teratoma cell lines.
Accutase, a gentler alternative to trypsin, can be used to passagse teratoma cells without disrupting their delicate nature.
Non-essential amino acids are also sometimes supplemented in teratoma cell culture to support their growth and differentiation.
By utilizing these specialized techniques and materials, researchers can gain valuable insights into the biology and behavior of teratomas, ultimately leading to advancements in their diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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