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Breech Presentation

Breech Presentation is a condition where the baby is positioned with its buttocks or feet first in the uterus during pregnancy.
This can lead to challenges during delivery and increased risks for the baby.
Researchers can use PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform to optimize their research protocols, uncover the best practices, and make informed decisions about managing breech presentations.
The platform allows users to compare literature, pre-prints, and patents to streamline their research and find the most effective approaches.

Most cited protocols related to «Breech Presentation»

1
Isolation and Culture of Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells
Human placentas were obtained at term pregnancy during uncomplicated Caesarean sections with written and informed consent from woman who tested negative for HIV-I, and hepatitis B and C. The indication for Caesarean section is breech presentation, repeat operation, fetal distress and twins. The institutional ethics committee approved the use of human amnions for this project. The amniotic membranes were mechanically peeled from the chorionic portion of the placenta placed in 250-ml flasks containing RPMI 1640 medium, and cut with a razor to yield 0.5 to 1.0 cm2 segments. Placental segments were digested with 0.25% trypsin/EDTA at 37°C for 45 minutes. The resulting cell suspensions were seeded in a six-well plate in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS (PAA Laboratories GmbH, Cölbe, Germany), streptomycin (100 U/mL; Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA), penicillin (100 U/Ml; Gibco, Grand Island, NY), and glutamine (0.3 mg/Ml; Gibco), and incubated at 37°C 5% CO2 in humidified air. Once hAECs reached 80 to 90% confluence, cells were ready for experiments.
Wang F., Wang L., Yao X., Lai D, & Guo L. (2013). Human amniotic epithelial cells can differentiate into granulosa cells and restore folliculogenesis in a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure. Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 4(5), 124.
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Publication 2013
Amnion Breech Presentation Cells Cesarean Section Chorion Edetic Acid Fetal Distress Glutamine Hepatitis B HIV-1 Homo sapiens Institutional Ethics Committees Penicillins Placenta Pregnancy Second Look Surgery Streptomycin Trypsin Twins Woman
2
Apgar Scores and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
We examined all study outcomes according to five-minute Apgar score in categories <7, 7–9, and 10 (reference) [16 (link)]. We repeated these analyses in groups of maternal age at delivery (≤ 20, 21–35, >35 years); maternal marital status (married/unmarried); parity (0, ≥ 1); breech presentation; mode of delivery (vaginal, Cesarean, instrument); gestational age (<37, 37–41, ≥ 42 weeks) and birth weight small for gestational age (SGA), defined as weight <10th percentile of all male live births in a given gestational week. We examined whether any association of Apgar score with the study outcomes could be explained by characteristics that are risk factors for both low Apgar score and for neurodevelopmental disability [9 (link)-13 (link)]. We used Zou's method of modified Poisson regression with robust error variance [29 (link)] to estimate prevalence ratios for neurologic disability and for low cognitive function; we used linear regression to estimate mean differences in IQ scores. Gestational age was missing for 17% of the conscripts owing to incomplete reporting in the earlier years of birth registration. To avoid loss of observations, we filled in missing values for gestational age using multiple imputation. The regression model used for imputation included variables for maternal age, marital status, parity, mode of delivery, conscript's birth year, birth presentation, birth weight, Apgar score at 1 minute, Apgar score at 5 minutes, neurologic disability, BPP score, and hearing and visual function measured at conscription [30 ]. Using a two-stage imputation procedure [31 ], we created five imputed datasets and averaged the estimates of effect for each outcome across the five datasets. The confidence intervals around these estimates reflect random error from the observed data and the uncertainty from the imputed values. We used SAS software, version 9.1 (SAS Inc., Cary, NC).
The study was approved by the Danish Registry Board. An informed consent was not required for this study of routine records.
Ehrenstein V., Pedersen L., Grijota M., Nielsen G.L., Rothman K.J, & Sørensen H.T. (2009). Association of Apgar score at five minutes with long-term neurologic disability and cognitive function in a prevalence study of Danish conscripts. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 9, 14.
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Publication 2009
Apgar Score Birth Birth Weight Breech Presentation Cognition Disabled Persons Gestational Age Male Genital Organs Mothers Obstetric Delivery Pregnancy Systems, Nervous Vagina Vision
3
Stillbirth Determinants in India: A Nationwide Study
We conducted an analysis of secondary data from India’s Annual Health Survey (AHS) (2010–2013). The survey covers nine states (Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand, Odisha, Bihar, Assam and Uttar Pradesh) that account for about 50% of the country’s population.7 A total of 886 505 women for whom information about the outcome of their last pregnancy (live birth or stillbirth) was available and whose pregnancy lasted more than seven completed months (∼28 weeks’ gestation) were included. Figure 1 illustrates how the sample for this study was derived.
Based on the outcome of last pregnancy, women were divided into two groups, those with a live birth and those with a stillbirth. The outcome data are from the Women schedule (Section 1) that was implemented during the baseline round of the AHS in 2010–2011. Ever married women in the age group 15–49 years were asked about the outcome of their last pregnancy during the reference period 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2009, which was reported as either live birth, stillbirth or abortion. Information on gestational age at stillbirth or type of stillbirth (antepartum or intrapartum) was not available. The numerator ‘stillbirth’ and denominator ‘total birth’=stillbirth+live birth) is from the same reference period of the survey data. Potential risk factors for stillbirth were grouped as: socioeconomic, behavioural and biodemographic based on a review of published literature. The description of variables included in each group is provided in table 1. A directed acyclic graph was used to construct a theoretical framework of relationships between the aforementioned risk factors and stillbirth (figure 2). In addition, in a subsample of the population (n=668 892), we examined the association of stillbirth with the following self-reported problems/complications during pregnancy: anaemia, eclampsia, other hypertensive disorders, antepartum haemorrhage, intrapartum haemorrhage, abnormal fetal position, breech presentation and obstructed labour.
Altijani N., Carson C., Choudhury S.S., Rani A., Sarma U.C., Knight M, & Nair M. (2018). Stillbirth among women in nine states in India: rate and risk factors in study of 886,505 women from the annual health survey. BMJ Open, 8(11), e022583.
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Publication 2018
Age Groups Anemia Breech Presentation Care, Prenatal Childbirth Eclampsia Gestational Age Hemorrhage High Blood Pressures Induced Abortions Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications Woman
4
Vaginal Breech Delivery Outcomes
A prospective cohort study was performed on the cohort of women presenting with breech at term (>37 weeks) at the Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany from January 2004 to December of 2016. The ethics committee of the Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt approved of the study protocol (Reference number 420/11). The requirement for patients informed consent was waived by the committee as all data was obtained within the hospitals standard care of patients intending a vaginal breech delivery. Patients received treatment as usual and only clinically relevant and required data was documented. Data was extracted from treatment files and anonymized by treating obstetricians who are part of the ethics committee approved study team. The ‘Perinatalerhebung Hessen’, a state database was used to obtain the data. Missing data, the mothers’ patient history as well as diagnoses and outcome parameters of neonates who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were gathered using the hospitals patient management system. All data was acquired and set into a table for analysis within this study after the patients were discharged. Of 1743 cases with a breech presentation at term 1054 expecting women intended a vaginal birth approach and did not meet exclusion criteria. Exclusion criteria were planned cesarean delivery (due to the reasons maternal wish, intrauterine growth restriction, malformations of the uterus, inability to perform spontaneous birth not related to the fetal position), insulin-treated diabetes, infant’s birth weight of over 4.49 kg or less than 2.5 kg. (Fig 1)
Women with breech presentation register for birth and delivery planning at the outpatient clinic at 34 to 36 weeks of gestation Vaginal delivery approach from breech position was offered in case of a successful previous vaginal birth or an obstetrical conjugate above 12 cm (measured by MRI) and an estimated birth weight of 2.5 kg or more of a proportional grown fetus. Weight of the fetus of ≥3.8kg, previous cesarean delivery or head flexion did not lead to exclusion.
Louwen et al. showed a superior maternal and fetal outcome from birth position on knees and arms or in upright position [5 (link)] The preferred birth position in all vaginal deliveries was on knees and arms or in upright position. In some cases, dorsal position was used to perform manual assisted delivery. In this study all birth positions were included.
Jennewein L., Kielland-Kaisen U., Paul B., Möllmann C.J., Klemt A.S., Schulze S., Bock N., Schaarschmidt W., Brüggmann D, & Louwen F. (2018). Maternal and neonatal outcome after vaginal breech delivery at term of children weighing more or less than 3.8 kg: A FRABAT prospective cohort study. PLoS ONE, 13(8), e0202760.
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Publication 2018
AN 12 Arm, Upper Birth Weight Breech Presentation Care, Prenatal Cesarean Section Childbirth Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis Ethics Committees Ethics Committees, Clinical Fetal Growth Retardation Fetal Weight Fetus Gene Order Head Hospital Administration Infant, Newborn Inpatient Insulin Knee Mothers Obstetric Delivery Obstetrician Patients Pregnancy Uterine Anomalies Vagina Woman
5
Reducing Perineal Injuries Through Midwife-Led Interventions
This is a prospective cohort study with an experimental design where an intervention is compared with standard care. The study was conducted at two maternity wards in Stockholm. Maternity ward 1 provides care to approximately 6,500 women/year whereas maternity ward 2 cares for approximately 4,100 women/year. Both wards provide care to women with low‐ and high‐risk pregnancies.
The primary outcome was perineal injuries, classified as second‐degree tears according to international standards 27, in addition using a new Swedish classification where vaginal tears with a measured depth of > 0.5 cm are considered second‐degree tears 28 because of the probability of a fascia defect. Secondary outcomes were the prevalence of no tear at all, severe perineal trauma affecting the anal sphincter complex, episiotomy, and the ability of the midwives in the intervention group to use the intervention.
Second‐degree tears are not registered in the national birth register in Sweden but examination of the local database of births for one of the maternity wards in this project revealed that 77 percent of the primiparous women had a vaginal and/or perineal injury, which is in line with previously reported prevalence 1, 29. A pretrial power calculation based on the assumption that the intervention would reduce second‐degree tears by 15 percent compared with standard care, indicated that at least 242 women were needed in each group to reach a statistical power of 80 percent at a 95 percent significance level (alpha). To ensure that enough participants were recruited to the study and taking dropouts into account, an additional 20 percent generated 291 women in each group.
The study included nulliparous Swedish‐speaking women, gestational age ≥ 37 + 0 weeks with spontaneous onset of labor or induction of labor. Cases of nulliparous women with diabetes mellitus (manifest or pregnancy‐induced), preterm birth ≤ 37 + 0, intrauterine growth restriction, female genital mutilation, multiple pregnancy, fetus in breech presentation, and stillbirths were excluded.
During the study period 1,773 nulliparous women fulfilled the study criteria (Fig. 1). The midwives were asked to write down their reasons for not including women in the study but most often forgot to do so. Reasons given for not asking women to participate were high workload, women not speaking Swedish (exclusion criterion), and failing to remember to ask women to participate.
The intervention is based on a theoretical framework of woman‐centered care 26 which consists of three parts (listed below) and is referred to as the MIMA model of care (an abbreviation for Midwives’ Management during the second stage of labor). The midwives in the intervention group were asked to use all three parts of the intervention during the second stage in all births they attended.

Spontaneous pushing: The woman feels a strong urge to push and follows the urge but does not put on any extra abdominal pressure. The midwife will if needed assist the woman to accomplish a controlled and slow birth of the baby by encouraging breathing and resisting the urge to push during the last contractions 30.

Flexible sacrum positions: Birth positions with flexibility in the sacro‐iliac joints, thereby enabling the pelvic outlet to expand (kneeling, standing, all‐fours, lateral position, and giving birth on the birth seat) 20.

Using the two‐step principle of head‐to‐body birthing technique if possible 18. With this technique, the head is born at the end of a contraction or between contractions and the shoulders are born with the next contraction.

Standard care during the second stage of labor is sparsely recorded by midwives in Sweden and there are no national guidelines about birth position, pushing methods, or whether certain methods of manual perineal protection should be performed. Hence, the management of the second stage of labor depends on the assisting midwife's experience, knowledge, and preferences. The assumption derived from reviewing research and clinical experience is that standard care for primiparous women consists mostly of directed pushing and semi‐recumbent birth positions 17. Furthermore, midwives often prefer to assist the woman to birth the baby's head and shoulders in one contraction because of fear of endangering the child 31.
Edqvist M., Hildingsson I., Mollberg M., Lundgren I, & Lindgren H. (2016). Midwives’ Management during the Second Stage of Labor in Relation to Second‐Degree Tears—An Experimental Study. Birth (Berkeley, Calif.), 44(1), 86-94.
Publication 2016
Abdomen Breech Presentation Child Childbirth Diabetes Mellitus Episiotomy Fascia Fear Feelings Fetal Growth Retardation Gene Order Genetic Testing Gestational Age Head High-Risk Pregnancy Human Body Infant Injuries Labor, Induced Laceration LINE-1 Elements Midwife Mima Obstetric Delivery Obstetric Labor Pelvis Perineum Pregnancy Premature Birth Pressure Sacroiliac Joint Sacrum Shoulder Sphincters, Anal Tears Vagina Woman Wounds and Injuries

Most recents protocols related to «Breech Presentation»

1
Induction of Labor with Misoprostol
Inclusion criteria were IOL using Angusta® at physicians’ discretion for singleton pregnancies, live fetus in cephalic presentation, a Bishop score ≤ 6 and a gestational age ≥ 37 weeks. Exclusion criteria were in utero fetal death, breech presentation, positive history of uterine surgery including cesarean section, allergy or hypersensitivity to the active substance, severe growth restriction (lower than third percentile with Doppler anomalies), uterine malformation, low-lying or previa placenta, unexplained bleeding, and renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate < 15 mL/min/1.73 m2).
Indications for IOL with misoprostol were prolonged pregnancy (gestational age ≥ 41–41 + 6, weeks + days), PROM, diabetes, suspicion of fetal macrosomia, gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, oligohydramnios, antithrombotic therapeutic window, and other indications such as psychological distress.
Pambet M., Delabaere A., Figuier C., Lambert C., Comptour A., Rouzaire M, & Gallot D. (2023). Factors of Non-Compliance with a Protocol for Oral Administration of Misoprostol (Angusta®) 25 Micrograms to Induce Labor: An Observational Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(4), 1521.
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Publication 2023
Allergic Reaction Breech Presentation Cesarean Section Diabetes Mellitus Fetal Death Gestational Age Glomerular Filtration Rate Hypersensitivity Misoprostol Oligohydramnios Operative Surgical Procedures Physicians Placenta Previa Pre-Eclampsia Pregnancy Pregnancy, Prolonged Psychological Distress Renal Insufficiency Transient Hypertension, Pregnancy Uterine Anomalies Uterus
2
Episiotomy Effects on Subsequent Birth
We identified 323 748 women who gave birth to a first and second child during the study period 2000–2014. Both births were restricted to live born, single neonates, born in cephalic presentation at gestational week 34 or later, without malformations (excluding all ICD‐10 Q‐diagnoses) in order to exclude common indications for prelabor cesarean delivery such as multiple pregnancy, breech presentation and malformation. To achieve a sample of women with a first birth with VE, we excluded women with spontaneous vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery, forceps delivery or combined instrumental delivery in the first birth. In total, 45 674 (14.1%) women had a first birth with VE (Figure 1).
The exposure lateral or mediolateral episiotomy was defined by a checkbox in the standardized maternal medical record marking a left‐ or right‐sided episiotomy. In total, 13 950 (31.2%) women had a lateral or mediolateral episiotomy and 30 706 (68.8%) had no episiotomy. Women with a midline (n = 209, 0.5%) or undefined type of episiotomy (with the procedure code TMA00 but no indication of side, n = 809, 1.8%) were excluded. The final cohort included 44 656 women with a lateral/mediolateral episiotomy or no episiotomy (Figure 1).
Brismar Wendel S., Liu C, & Stephansson O. (2023). The association between episiotomy or OASIS at vacuum extraction in nulliparous women and subsequent prelabor cesarean delivery: A nationwide observational study. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 102(3), 378-388.
Publication 2023
Breech Presentation Cesarean Section Child Childbirth Congenital Abnormality Diagnosis Episiotomy Forceps Infant, Newborn Obstetric Delivery Pregnancy Vagina Woman
3
Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury in Diverse Populations
This is a retrospective cohort study of 380 women diagnosed with OASI, following singleton vaginal deliveries, during a 10-year period (January 2011 to December 2020). The study was conducted in a tertiary university-affiliated hospital (Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Israel) with more than 12,000 deliveries per year. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the institutional ethical review board. Asian ethnicity was defined as having been born in one of the following countries: Cambodia, China, Mongolia, Nepal, Philippines, Japan, Singapore, Sri Lanka, South Korea, Thailand, or Vietnam.
Demographic, maternal, obstetric, and neonatal parameters were compared between OASI cases diagnosed among local Caucasian women versus immigrant women of Asian ethnicity. All data were retrieved from a computerized database using the International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision codes for perineal lacerations. Exclusion criteria composed of age < 18 years, stillbirths, breech presentation, or ethnicity other than Caucasian or Asian. Comorbidities, use of drugs, alcohol, smoking, gestational diabetes status, and weight gain during pregnancy were among the maternal characteristics examined. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from height and weight measurements prior to pregnancy or during the first trimester. Obstetric-related details included parity, gestational age, intrapartum fever, length of the first and second stages of labor, usage of oxytocin for the induction or augmentation of labor, fetal presentation and position, episiotomy, instrumental-assisted vaginal delivery, and incidence of shoulder dystociaNeonatal characteristics included gender, Apgar scores, and birth weights. Maternal complications included: OASI, blood loss, and the need for blood-product transfusions.
At our institution, midwives handle uncomplicated deliveries. Instrumental-assisted deliveries are performed only by obstetricians using a vacuum device. Vacuum extraction is performed when the fetal head is stationed below the level of the ischial spines (at +1 or more). For nulliparous women, a prolonged second stage is defined as two hours or longer, and for parous women, one hour or longer, with an additional one hour if epidural analgesia is employed. A selective episiotomy policy is employed, and only mediolateral episiotomies are performed. Perineal protection is always undertaken during delivery, either spontaneous or instrumental. Diagnosis of the severity of obstetric tears is performed by obstetricians. According to the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) guidelines, a third-degree perineal tear involves the anal sphincter muscle, while a fourth-degree perineal tear extends through the anal sphincter and into the rectal mucosa [15 (link)]. Repair of OASI is performed only by senior Obstetricians who have completed a training course for the diagnosis and repair of OASI. Repair of a fourth-degree OASI is performed by colorectal specialists.
Women who endure OASI are evaluated at the urogynecological clinic at 1, 6, and 12 months after delivery. Pelvic floor muscle training is strongly recommended during the puerperium period. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and manometry are performed during the first year after delivery in order to assess the integrity and function of the anal sphincter.
Baruch Y., Gold R., Eisenberg H., Amir H., Reicher L., Yogev Y, & Groutz A. (2023). High Incidence of Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries among Immigrant Women of Asian Ethnicity. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(3), 1044.
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Publication 2023
Analgesia, Epidural Apgar Score Asian Americans Blood Transfusion Breech Presentation Care, Prenatal Caucasoid Races Childbirth Diagnosis Episiotomy Ethanol Ethics Committees, Research Ethnicity Fever Gestational Age Gestational Diabetes Head Hemorrhage Immigrants Index, Body Mass Infant, Newborn Laceration Manometry Medical Devices Midwife Mothers Mucous Membrane Muscle Tissue Obstetric Delivery Obstetrician Obstetric Labor Oxytocin Perineum Pharmaceutical Preparations Pregnancy Rectum Sciatica Shoulder Specialists Sphincters, Anal Tears Ultrasonography Vacuum Vacuum Extraction, Obstetrical Vagina Vertebral Column Woman
4
Neonatal Outcomes in Preterm Birth
Univariate comparison of neonatal outcomes following spontaneous vs medically indicated preterm birth was performed with the Pearson chi-square test [29 ], and P value <0.05 was considered significant. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze associations between neonatal outcomes and preterm birth type, accounting for potential confounding variables: small for gestational age (SGA - defined as neonatal birth weight <5th percentile for gestation), mode of delivery (cesarean vs vaginal delivery), breech presentation, administration of glucocorticoids before birth, multiple pregnancies, administration of magnesium sulfate for neuroprotection, maternal age >37 years, maternal body-mass-index (BMI) >30 kg/m2, and in vitro fertilization (IVF). In multivariate analysis of extremely to very preterm births we also accounted for GA groups: 22 0/7 to 27 6/7 and 28 0/7 to 31 6/7 weeks. We used SPSS software, version 25 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA).
Čehovin K., Gortnar A., Verdenik I., Lučovnik M., Kornhauser-Cerar L, & Grosek Š. (2023). Comparison of Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Following Spontaneous and Medically Indicated Preterm Births: A Retrospective Population-Based Study Using Data from the Slovenian National Perinatal Information System 2013–2018. Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 29, e938941-1-e938941-6.
Publication 2023
Birth Birth Weight Breech Presentation Fertilization in Vitro Gestational Age Glucocorticoids Index, Body Mass Infant, Newborn Mothers Neuroprotection Obstetric Delivery Pregnancy Premature Birth Sulfate, Magnesium Vagina
5
Factors Influencing Cesarean Delivery Outcomes

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Publication 2023
Breech Presentation Diabetes Mellitus Ethnicity Gestational Age High Blood Pressures Households Obesity Patients Placenta Previa Pregnancy Preterm Premature Rupture of the Membranes Uterine Fibroids

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1
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Vk2 e6e7 by American Type Culture Collection
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More about "Breech Presentation"

Breech presentation, also known as buttocks-first or feet-first presentation, is a condition where the baby is positioned with its buttocks or feet first in the uterus during pregnancy.
This can lead to challenges during delivery and increased risks for the baby, such as birth injuries, respiratory distress, and increased chances of cesarean section.
Researchers can use PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform to optimize their research protocols, uncover the best practices, and make informed decisions about managing breech presentations.
The platform allows users to compare literature, pre-prints, and patents to streamline their research and find the most effective approaches.
When studying breech presentation, researchers may utilize tools like the Voluson 730 Expert ultrasound system, Vscan Air handheld ultrasound, and statistical software like SPSS Statistics version 23, Stata V.13, and SPSS software version 25.0.
These technologies can help analyze fetal positioning, monitor pregnancies, and assess outcomes.
Additionally, researchers may extract and analyze genetic data using TRIzol reagent or investigate cellular mechanisms related to breech presentation using the VK2/E6E7 cell line.
Sumilon Celltight may also be used for cell culture studies.
By leveraging PubCompare.ai's platform and these various research tools and techniques, researchers can optimize their protocols, uncover best practices, and make informed decisions to improve the management and outcomes of breech presentations.