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Petechiae

Petechiae are small, pinpoint, non-blanching red or purple spots on the skin or mucous membranes, typically caused by minor hemorrhages.
They can be a sign of various underlying medical conditions, such as thrombocytopenia, leukemia, or viral infections.
Accurately identifying and analyzing petechiae is crucial for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
PubCompare.ai can help researchers optimize their petechiae studies by providing access to the most relevant protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, while allowing for easy comparison to identify the best methods and products.
This can enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of petechiae research, advancing our understanding and management of this common clinical finding.

Most cited protocols related to «Petechiae»

Neonates with symptomatic congenital CMV disease, with or without CNS involvement, were eligible for enrollment. Given the rarity of this disease, 40 study sites participated, and each was anticipated to contribute only a few study participants. All the study participants had CMV detected in urine or throat-swab specimens by means of culture, shell-vial culture, or polymerase-chain-reaction assay. Symptomatic disease was defined as one or more of the following: thrombocytopenia, petechiae, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, intrauterine growth restriction, hepatitis, or CNS involvement such as microcephaly, intracranial calcifications, abnormal cerebrospinal fluid indexes, chorioretinitis, sensorineural hearing loss, or the detection of CMV DNA in cerebrospinal fluid. Eligible participants had a gestational age of 32 weeks or more, were 30 days of age or less, and weighed at least 1800 g at the initiation of therapy.
The institutional review board at each study center approved the study protocol. After written informed consent was obtained from the parent or legal guardian, all participants received valganciclovir (at a dose of 16 mg per kilogram of body weight, orally twice daily) for 6 weeks.15 (link) Participants then underwent randomization in a 1:1 ratio to receive either continued valganciclovir or placebo for 4.5 months. The dose of the study medication was adjusted monthly for growth. Study drugs (oral valganciclovir and placebo) were provided by Hoffmann–La Roche, which had no role in the study design or data analyses or in the writing of the manuscript or the decision to submit it for publication. Study personnel and the participants’ families were unaware of the randomization assignments.
The primary end point prespecified in the protocol was the change in hearing in the better ear (“best-ear” hearing), from baseline to the 6-month follow-up.13 (link) Secondary end points prespecified in the protocol included the change in total-ear hearing (i.e., hearing in one or both ears that could be evaluated) from baseline to follow-up at 6, 12, and 24 months; change in best-ear hearing from baseline to follow-up at 12 and 24 months; neurologic impairment at 12 and 24 months; and adverse events leading to the permanent discontinuation of therapy. Tertiary end points included the correlation of viral load in whole blood with audiologic and neurodevelopmental outcomes, adverse events related to the study medication, and characterization of blood concentrations of ganciclovir.
Publication 2015
Biological Assay BLOOD Body Weight Cerebrospinal Fluid Chorioretinitis Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection Ethics Committees, Research Fetal Growth Retardation Ganciclovir Gestational Age Hepatitis A Infant, Newborn Legal Guardians Microcephaly Parent Petechiae Pharynx Physiologic Calcification Placebos Polymerase Chain Reaction Rare Diseases Sensorineural Hearing Loss Therapeutics Thrombocytopenia Urine Valganciclovir
Study subjects included patients 5 years of age or older who presented in outpatient clinics or hospitals with acute, undifferentiated, febrile illness (greater than or equal to 38°C for 7 days duration or less) along with one or more of the following symptoms: headache, muscle, ocular and/or joint pain, generalized fatigue, cough, nausea, vomiting, sore throat, rhinorrhea, difficulty breathing, diarrhea, jaundice, dizziness, disorientation, stiff neck, or bleeding manifestations. Children younger than five years of age were included if they presented with hemorrhagic manifestations indicative of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), including epistaxis, pleural effusion, platelets less than 100,000/ml, petechiae, or bloody stool or vomit. Exclusion criteria included fever in excess of seven days or an identifiable focus of infection, such as sinusitis, pneumonia, acute otitis media, or acute urinary tract infection. Demographic data, medical history, and clinical features for each patient were obtained using a standard questionnaire. In malaria-endemic regions if malaria was suspected, capillary blood from febrile patients was screened for Plasmodium spp. by clinic or hospital personnel according to routine diagnostic procedures at each site. Peripheral blood samples were screened by microscopic analysis of stained thick smear slides. In some sites, owing to the possibility of arbovirus co-infection, malaria-positive patients were subsequently invited to participate in the NMRCD study, with malaria results recorded along with symptoms and demographic information.
During the acute phase of illness blood samples were obtained from each patient, and when possible, convalescent samples were obtained 10 days to 4 weeks later for serological studies. For patients older than 10 years of age, up to 15 mL of blood was collected, and for patients younger than 10 years of age, up to 7 mL of blood was collected. Trained phlebotomists collected blood samples via arm venipuncture using standard methods and universal precautions.
Publication 2010
Arbovirus Infections Arthralgia Blood Blood Platelets Capillaries Child Cough Diagnostic Tests, Routine Diarrhea Epistaxis Eye Fatigue Feces Fever Focal Infection Headache Hemorrhage Icterus Malaria Microscopy Muscle Tissue Nausea Neck Otitis Media Patients Petechiae Phlebotomy Plasmodium Pleural Effusion Pneumonia Rhinorrhea Severe Dengue Sinusitis Sore Throat Tests, Serologic Universal Precautions Urinary Tract Infection Vomiting Youth
A cross-sectional study was performed in the Hospital Infantil Manuel de Jesús Rivera (HIMJR), the National Pediatric Reference Hospital, in Managua, Nicaragua. A total of 544 children who attended the HIMJR between July 2005 and January 2010 with laboratory-confirmed dengue were studied. These patients were between 6 months and 14 years of age, had fever or history of fever less than 7 days, and one or more of the following signs and symptoms: headache, arthralgia, myalgia, retro-orbital pain, positive tourniquet test, petechiae, or signs of bleeding. Patients with a defined focus other than dengue were excluded. Additional exclusion criteria included: a) children weighing less than 8 kg, b) children less than 6 months of age, and c) children 6 years of age and older displaying signs of altered consciousness at the time of recruitment. Patient data such as vital signs, clinical data, and radiographic or ultrasound results were collected on a daily basis by trained medical personnel until discharge. A blood sample was collected daily for a minimum of three days for Complete Blood Count (CBC) with platelets, blood chemistry, and diagnostic tests for dengue. Between days 14 and 21 after onset of symptoms, a blood sample was taken for convalescent follow-up. Hospital admission criteria for study participants is detailed in Text S1. Criteria for admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) included patients with shock despite appropriate fluid management with crystalloids and colloids, patients requiring vasoactive amines, patients using a mechanical ventilator, or patients requiring continuous monitoring due to hemodynamic instability. Over the years, a few patients were not able to be admitted to the ICU despite meeting ICU admission criteria due to the lack of space in the ICU.
Publication 2011
Amines Arthralgia BLOOD Blood Chemical Analysis Blood Platelets Child Colloids Consciousness Critical Care Dengue Fever Fever Fragility, Capillary Headache Health Personnel Mechanical Ventilator Myalgia Pain Patient Discharge Patients Petechiae Shock Signs, Vital Solutions, Crystalloid Tests, Diagnostic Ultrasonography X-Rays, Diagnostic
We enrolled adult patients who consented to take part in the Prospective Adult Dengue Study, a cohort study of acutely febrile adults at the Communicable Disease Center (CDC), Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore from January 2010 to September 2012. These comprised referrals for fever for investigation from the emergency department (ED), other medical institutions, or self-referral to the CDC. Inclusion criteria were age 18 years and above with acute undifferentiated febrile illness (recorded temperature >37•5°C with no alternative clinical diagnosis). Pregnant women were excluded from the study.
This study compared the baseline characteristics and outcomes of two cohorts; those admitted from ED who were enrolled as inpatients (ED cohort) and those initially enrolled in outpatient setting at the research clinic (outpatient cohort). The outpatient cohort was the basis to evaluate the utility of WS in guiding admission. The entire cohort was analyzed to assess the predictive value of WS for disease progression. All outpatients were managed at the Infectious Disease Research Clinic at CDC. Outpatients were managed by three trained Medical Officers on a daily basis during acute illness until initiation of the recovery phase and reviewed at 21–30 days after study enrolment. Decision to admit patients from both the research clinic and ED were based on the published hospital admission criteria [8 (link)] and the attending physician’s judgment. Criteria for recommending admission include: platelet count ≤50 000/mm3, serum hematocrit ≥50%, systolic blood pressure ≤90 mmHg, postural drop in blood pressure >20 mmHg, pulse ≥100/min, clinical bleeding (except petechiae), patients with severe abdominal pain and persistent vomiting, elderly patients with comorbidities, and whether patients fulfilled our DHF predictive model [9 (link),10 (link)].
To evaluate the utility of WS in guiding admission, we compared admission based on published admission criteria and Medical Officers’ judgment with alternative hypothetical scenario of WS-guided admission. The clinical outcomes were categorized into three groups (i) DHF I-IV, (ii) DHF II-IV as defined by the WHO 1997 guidelines [3 ] and (iii) SD as defined in WHO 2009 guidelines [2 ].
Dengue viral infection was confirmed by RT-PCR [11 (link)] or NS1 detection by Dengue NS1 Ag Strip (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Marnes-la-Coquette, France) at the Environment Health Institute, Singapore, a WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Arbovirus and their Associated Vectors. Detailed demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were prospectively collected according to research protocols. Warning signs were also recorded.
Publication 2013
Abdominal Pain Adult Aged Arboviruses Cloning Vectors Communicable Diseases Dengue Fever Dengue Virus Diagnosis Disease Progression Fever Inpatient Outpatients Patients Petechiae Physicians Platelet Counts, Blood Pregnant Women Pulse Rate Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Salvia miltiorrhiza Serum Systolic Pressure Volumes, Packed Erythrocyte
Mice (C57/BL6; male; 3–4 months; Jackson Laboratories) had access to food and water ad libitum. All animals were housed and handled in accordance with protocols approved by the Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC). All mice were allowed to acclimatize to the animal facility for at least one week prior to blast exposure. In preparation for blast exposure, animals were anesthetized with 2% isoflurane delivered with non-rebreathing anesthesia machine at a flow rate of 1 Lpm oxygen (5% isoflurane was used for initial induction). Mice were warmed with a heating pad (Gaymar, Orchard Park, NY) while anesthetized, except for the approximate 2–5 minutes spent in the shock tube (the time required to place the animal, pressurize the driver, deliver BOP, and remove the animal). To minimize blast-induced head and body motion the mice were securely mounted using plastic cable ties that attached each limb to a steel frame restraint harness supporting an open¼inch rigid mesh. Aiming to reproduce an in-theater scenario where the soldier is facing the incoming shock wave with the torso turned toward the shock wave front, the animals’ ventral body surface was oriented perpendicular with respect to the oncoming blast wave in accordance with well-established methods [19 (link), 20 (link)]. Each BOP-exposed animal was yoked with a non-blasted sham control animal that was mounted in the shock tube and held under anesthesia for the identical amount of time as its paired BOP-exposed mouse. At the conclusion of experiments, animals were humanely euthanized via pentobarbital injection per IACUC approved methods.
While enclosed in the shock tube, the animals were monitored with a video camera (AOS Technologies XPRI, Baden, Switzerland) through polycarbonate view ports positioned above and to the side of the animal restraint apparatus. During some experiments, a Photron APX-RS high-speed camera (monochrome, Photron, San Diego, CA) operating at 20,000 frames per second, was used to record the amount of BOP-induced head movement. Frame-by-frame video analysis was performed using Logger Pro software (Vernier Software & Technology, Beaverton, OR).
Following blast exposure, the mice were immediately removed from the shock tube, anesthesia was discontinued, and the mice were placed in a partially heated observation enclosure. Animals were observed for one hour to identify evidence of distress. Mice in the blasted group demonstrated transient evidence of discomfort including piloerection and partially closed eyelids that resolved within the one hour observation period. Mice were monitored in an activity chamber (PAS-home cage, San Diego Instruments, San Diego, CA). Full body necropsies of mice 24 hours after blast exposure demonstrated evidence of lung injury consisting primarily of scattered petechial hemorrhages most prominent at the lung periphery. In some cases, small areas of hemorrhage involving less than 10% of the lungs were observed. Overall, the lung injury fell within the slight score based on the Yelverton blast injury scoring system [21 (link)]. At the 24-hours post-blast time point, the solid organs showed no gross evidence of injury such as hematoma or laceration. The respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract showed no evidence of rupture or hemorrhage.
Publication 2013
Anesthesia Anesthesia, Closed-Circuit Animals ARID1A protein, human Autopsy Blast Injuries Eyelids Food Gastrointestinal Tract Head Head Movements Hematoma Hemorrhage Human Body Injuries Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Isoflurane Laceration Lung Lung Injury Males Mice, House Muscle Rigidity Oxygen Pentobarbital Petechiae Piloerection polycarbonate Reading Frames Respiratory System Shock Soldiers Sound Steel Torso Transients Veterans

Most recents protocols related to «Petechiae»

Patients with ABM were enrolled prospectively on admission and follow-up as outpatients. Otoscopy and tympanometry were performed to rule out external and middle ear pathology.
Inclusion CriteriaPatients were ≥18 years of age, had a clinical presentation strongly suggesting bacterial meningitis (headache, fever, stiffness of the neck, petechiae, confusion or impaired level of consciousness), and had ≥1 of the following:
Publication 2023
Consciousness Fever Headache Meningitis, Bacterial Middle Ear Neck Otoscopy Outpatients Patients Petechiae Tympanometry
Patients ≥ 18 years of age presenting with clinical disease suggesting bacterial meningitis (headache, fever, stiffness of the neck, petechiae, confusion or impaired level of consciousness) in combination with one or more of the following:
Bacterial meningitis with unknown pathogen was included based on the clinical criteria above in combination with the following CSF biochemistry: >10 x 106 cells/L) in combination with low CSF glucose or glucose-ratio (<2.0 mmol/L and 0.3 respectively) or CSF lactate >3.5 mmol /L.
Publication 2023
Bacteria Consciousness Fever Glucose Headache Lactates L Cells Meningitis Meningitis, Bacterial Neck pathogenesis Patients Petechiae
The rats were randomly and equally divided into five groups, each with 8 rats, as follows:

Group 1: sham group underwent surgical procedures but was not induced by PA.

Group 2: control group underwent surgical procedures, and PA was induced.

Groups 3 to 5: ginger groups underwent surgical procedures, and PA was induced. Next, the groups received the oral administration of the ginger extract (50, 150, and 450 mg/kg), respectively, for seven constitutive days.

According to our previously published articles [10 (link), 11 (link), 14 (link), 15 (link)], the experimental procedure was performed as follows: after anesthetization with 100 mg/kg of ketamine (intraperitoneally; IP) and 10 mg/kg of xylazine (IP) [11 (link), 13 (link)–15 (link)], the rats' abdomen was shaved. In this process, alcohol and iodine solution was used for skin disinfection. Next, a 3 cm gap was carefully cleaved in the abdominal midline to achieve the abdominal cavity for inducing the adhesion aim. Then, for peritoneal abrasion, one side of the middle abdominal hole was softly abraded via soft sterilized sandpaper until the cecum displayed a fine petechia and turbid appearance. Afterward, 4–0 polyglactin sutures were performed to close the abdomen wall after inducing the adhesion. After ending the surgery to inhibit the possible wound infection, a single dose of antibiotic cefazolin (300 mg/kg intramuscularly; IM, [11 (link), 13 (link), 14 (link)]) was immediately given to all rats. Finally, the rats were reserved in their cages for seven days to recover.
Publication 2023
Abdomen Abdominal Cavity Administration, Oral Antibiotics Cardiac Arrest Cecum Cefazolin Disinfection Ethanol ginger extract Iodine Ketamine Operative Surgical Procedures Peritoneum Petechiae Poly(Lactide-Co-Glycoside) Rattus norvegicus Skin Sutures Wall, Abdominal Wound Infection Xylazine
The first step upon arrival is verification of the package, labelling and transport conditions of the container and the retrieval form. CV tissue processing, evaluation and preservation is performed in a specialised clean room facility. All steps of the protocol are performed under laminar flow Class A, in Class B environment. After dissection of the heart, the tissues are rinsed and macroscopically evaluated looking for atheroma, calcification, aneurism, fenestrations and petechial presence which may cause the tissue discard. Also any significant finding is recorded. Valvular ring and distal artery diameters are measured using calibrated Hegar dilators as well as the length of the aortic and pulmonary arteries. Moreover, a coaptation test is performed filling the conduit with media and looking for leakage to ensure proper performance of the valve. As part of the preparation of the arteries, fat is removed, an inspection for atheroma, calcification or iatrogenic damage is performed and total length and proximal and distal diameters are measured. A photograph of each tissue is taken.
When there is no discarding feature in the tissue, the validated antibiotic cocktail is prepared containing amikacyn (Normon Laboratories - Spain; 791,301), metronidazole (B. Braun Medical SA- Spain; 600,496), ciprofloxacin (Altan Farmaceuticals, S.A.; 643,494), vancomycin (Lab. Reig Jofre, S.A; 606,390) and amphotericin (Xalabarderfarma - Spain) in RPMI (Roswell Park Memorial Institute Medium, Corning, 15,040 CV). The grafts are immersed for overnight decontamination at room temperature. After decontamination, a macroscopic quality control is performed and the grafts are prepared for cryopreservation in a double cryo-bag with cryoprotectants, namely dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO, WAK CHEMIE, WAK DMSO 10) and human albumin (Grifols, 726,609,670,612) in RPMI 1640. Finally, controlled freezing is carried out into a biological chamber (Carburos Matálicos CM2010) in order to decrease the temperature to − 110 °C. Long term storage of the cryopreserved homografts is performed in liquid nitrogen tanks at − 196 °C for 5 years.
Microbiological samples are taken during preparation of the tissue and packaging steps. Biopsy samples taken from the tissue before packaging are included in thioglycollate tubs (Becton Dickinson, 221,787) for the study of bacteries and fungi. Liquid samples from transport media and preservation media are inoculated in BD BACTEC™ PLUS-Aerobic/F Medium (BD Bioscience, 442,192) and BD BACTEC™-Lytic/10 Anaerobic/F Medium (BD Bioscience, 442,265) for aerobic and anaerobic growth and fungi detection. Sistematically, after dissection all hearts are evaluated macroscopically and histologically by the Anatomical Pathology Service of HCB.
Publication 2023
Allografts Amphotericin Aneurysm Antibiotics Aorta Arteries Atheroma Bacteria, Aerobic Biologic Preservation Biopharmaceuticals Biopsy Ciprofloxacin Cryoprotective Agents Decontamination Dissection Fungi Grafts Heart Labyrinth Fenestration Metronidazole Nitrogen Petechiae Physiologic Calcification Pulmonary Artery Serum Albumin, Human Sulfoxide, Dimethyl Thioglycolates Tissues Vancomycin
Brain CT or MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and T2-weighted gradient-echo imaging, was performed at 24 h and 7 days (±2) after stroke in all patients. If the clinical symptoms of hospitalized subjects deteriorated, the imaging examination was performed immediately.
Two experienced neuroradiologists blinded to the clinical data classified HT radiologically into four subtypes based on follow-up CT/MRIs, according to the criteria of the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS) [17 (link),18 (link)]: hemorrhagic infarction (HI) type 1 (small petechiae along the periphery of the infarct), HI type 2 (more confluent petechiae around the infarcted area without a space-occupying effect), PH type 1 (hematoma < 30% of the infarcted area with a mild space-occupying effect), and PH type 2 (hematoma > 30% of the infarcted area with a significant space-occupying effect).
Publication 2023
Acute Cerebrovascular Accidents Brain Cerebrovascular Accident Diffusion ECHO protocol Europeans Hematoma Hemorrhage Magnetic Resonance Imaging Patients Petechiae

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More about "Petechiae"

Petechiae are small, pinpoint, non-blanching red or purple spots on the skin or mucous membranes, typically caused by minor hemorrhages.
These petechial lesions can be a sign of various underlying medical conditions, such as thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), leukemia, or viral infections like measles or meningococcal disease.
Accurately identifying and analyzing petechiae is crucial for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
To enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of petechiae research, PubCompare.ai can help researchers optimize their studies.
The platform provides access to the most relevant protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, allowing for easy comparison to identify the best methods and products.
This can include information on related techniques like Thioglycollate medium for culturing microorganisms, Rompun (xylazine) for sedation, Somaton Emotion Duo and Magnevist Gd-DTPA for medical imaging, and Coag Dx Analyzer for coagulation testing.
Incorporating tools like digital cameras and Achieva 3.0T MRI scanners can also be useful for capturing and analyzing petechial lesions.
Additionally, techniques such as the ScriptSeq v2 RNA-Seq Library Preparation Kit may be employed to study the genetic factors underlying petechiae formation.
By leveraging the insights and resources available through PubCompare.ai, researchers can advance our understanding and management of this common clinical finding, leading to improved patient outcomes.
Ensuring the reproducibility and accuracy of petechiae studies is essential for translating research into effective clinical practice.