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Polydipsia

Polydipsia is an excessive and abnormal thirst, often associated with increased fluid intake.
It can be a symptom of various underlying medical conditions, including diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, and certain psychiatric disorders.
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Most cited protocols related to «Polydipsia»

1
Predicting Chronic Alcohol Binge-Drinking from Induction Behaviors
Cited 36 times
The programming details of the induction phase include the designation of 3 experimental “States” for each session, imposed to separate the induction of ethanol drinking from the consumption of water and food later in the daily session. In “State 1” (scheduled-induced polydipsia) a food pellet was given every 300 seconds until the predetermined amount of fluid was consumed (or the daily food ration of pellets was delivered). “State 2” then ensued without pellet delivery and only vehicle (water) was available for 2 hours. However, if the induced dose of ethanol was not consumed in state 1 (an occurrence that would also indicate the entire daily food ration had been delivered under the fixed-time schedule), then ethanol remained the only fluid available in state 2 (this occurred in 5/900 or <0.5% of total ethanol induction sessions). “State 3” then began and any remaining pellets (daily ration minus pellets delivered under the fixed-time schedule) were available under a fixed ratio of 1 pellet for each press on the push panel. Water was also available. The preset volume of the induced fluid was completely consumed in either state 1 or state 2 in all, but 1 monkey on 1 day.
The main correlate of current study is daily ethanol intake (g/kg) during the 12-months of ethanol self-administration for 22 h/d (further details and characteristics of the 12 months of chronic ethanol self-administration to be published separately). Two sets of exploratory analyses, namely, principal components regression analysis (PCRA) and classification based on functional principal components analysis (FPCA), were performed to determine whether drinking behaviors on different induction doses (water, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g/kg sessions) predict chronic alcoholic binge-drinker during 22-hour self-administration.
Grant K.A., Leng X., Green H.L., Szeliga K.T., Rogers L.S, & Gonzales S.W. (2008). Drinking Typography Established by Scheduled Induction Predicts Chronic Heavy Drinking in a Monkey Model of Ethanol Self-Administration. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 32(10), 1824-1838.
Publication 2008
Alcoholics Ethanol Food Monkeys Neoplasm Metastasis Obstetric Delivery Pellets, Drug Polydipsia Self Administration Water Consumption
2
Ethanol Self-Administration in Primates
Cited 14 times
The monkeys were induced to self-administer 4% ethanol (w/v in water) using a schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) procedure previously described in detail (Grant et al. 2008 (link); Vivian et al. 2001 (link)). A key aspect of the induction of ethanol self-administration was that the dose of ethanol the monkeys were required to consume each day increased every 30 days beginning from 0 g/kg/day (a volume of water equivalent to 1.5 g/kg ethanol), to 0.5 g/kg/day, to 1.0 g/kg/day, and finally 1.5 g/kg/day. In this manner all monkeys drank to levels that saturated metabolic capacity and increased BEC to >50 mg/dl. After the 30th session of 1.5 g/kg ethanol under schedule induced polydipsia the monkeys had concurrent access to ethanol (4% w/v) and water 22 hours/day (termed “open access”) and food was provided as at least three meals per day for over 12 months, as previously described (Grant et al., 2008 (link)).
Baker E.J., Farro J., Gonzales S., Helms C, & Grant K.A. (2014). Chronic alcohol self-administration in monkeys shows long-term quantity/frequency categorical stability. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 38(11), 2835-2843.
Publication 2014
Ethanol Food Monkeys Polydipsia Self Administration
3
Genetic Epidemiology of Type 2 Diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa
Cited 6 times
The initial study sample consisted of 1822 unrelated subjects from the Africa America Diabetes Mellitus (AADM) study (Rotimi et al., 2001 (link), 2004 (link)), a genetic epidemiology study of T2D in SSA. All subjects were SSA, enrolled from university medical centers in Nigeria, Ghana, and Kenya. Patients attending medical clinics at these medical centers or patients referred for clinical suspicion of diabetes were evaluated for potential inclusion in the study as described below. After providing informed consent, all participants underwent a clinical examination that included a medical history, clinical anthropometry, blood pressure measurements and blood sampling. Weight was measured in light clothes on an electronic scale to the nearest 0.1 kg, and height was measured with a stadiometer to the nearest 0.1 cm. Body mass index (BMI) was computed as weight in kg divided by the square of the height in meters. The other clinical measurements have been described elsewhere (Rotimi et al., 2001 (link), 2004 (link)). The definition of T2D was based on the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria: a fasting plasma glucose concentration (FPG) ≥ 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l) or a 2-h postload value in the oral glucose tolerance test ≥ 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/l) on more than one occasion. Alternatively, a diagnosis of T2D was accepted if an individual was on pharmacological treatment for T2D and review of clinical records indicated adequate justification for that therapy. The detection of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and/or a fasting C-peptide ≤ 0.03 nmol/l was used to exclude probable cases of type 1 diabetes. Controls were required to have FPG < 110 mg/dl or 2-h postload of < 140 mg/dl and no symptoms suggestive of diabetes (the classical symptoms being polyuria, polydipsia, and unexplained weight loss).
Adeyemo A.A., Tekola-Ayele F., Doumatey A.P., Bentley A.R., Chen G., Huang H., Zhou J., Shriner D., Fasanmade O., Okafor G., Eghan B J.r., Agyenim-Boateng K., Adeleye J., Balogun W., Elkahloun A., Chandrasekharappa S., Owusu S., Amoah A., Acheampong J., Johnson T., Oli J., Adebamowo C., Collins F., Dunston G, & Rotimi C.N. (2015). Evaluation of Genome Wide Association Study Associated Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility Loci in Sub Saharan Africans. Frontiers in Genetics, 6, 335.
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Publication 2015
Autoantibodies Determination, Blood Pressure Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent Diagnosis Genes, vif Glucose Glutamate Decarboxylase Index, Body Mass Light Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Patients peptide L Pharmacotherapy Physical Examination Plasma Polydipsia Polyuria Therapeutics
4
Vitamin D Levels in Pediatric T1D and T2D
Cited 5 times
The clinical records of children and adolescents of ages 3–18 years who were treated for T1D and T2D at the Children’s Medical Center of the University of Massachusetts between 2007 and 2013 were reviewed. Subjects were included if they had a diagnosis of diabetes for >12 mo, had HbA1c and 25(OH)D obtained simultaneously, and were on no vitamin D or calcium supplements. Subjects were excluded if they had vitamin D or calcium supplementation at baseline, or the disorders of calcium metabolism, hemoglobinopathies, or malabsorption syndrome such as celiac disease. Eighty-eight subjects with T1D (46 females, 42 males) and 43 subjects with T2D (26 females and 17 males) fulfilled these criteria (Table 1). The diagnosis of T2D was based on fasting blood glucose of ≥7 mmol/L (126 mg/dL), and/or 2-hour postprandial glucose of ≥11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL), and/or random blood glucose of ≥11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) with symptoms of polyuria and/or polydipsia. All patients with T2D had negative results for T1D-associated antibodies (insulin, islet cell, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and insulinoma associated-2). Because 25(OH)D level could vary with sunlight exposure, we categorized each subject’s visit according to the seasons as follows: fall (September 22–December 21), winter (December 22–March 21), spring (March 22– June 21), and summer (June 22-September 21) [31] (link). All subjects with T1D received insulin only. Of the 43 patients with T2D, 17 patients received a combination of insulin and metformin, 15 patients received metformin only, while 8 patients received insulin monotherapy.
Nwosu B.U, & Maranda L. (2014). The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Hepatic Dysfunction, Vitamin D Status, and Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Vitamin D Deficiency and Either Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. PLoS ONE, 9(6), e99646.
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Publication 2014
Adolescent Antibodies Blood Glucose Calcium, Dietary Calcium Metabolism Disorders Celiac Disease Child Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis Dietary Supplements Females Glucose Glutamate Decarboxylase Hemoglobinopathies Insulin Insulinoma Islets of Langerhans Malabsorption Syndrome Males Metformin Patients Polydipsia Polyuria Sunlight Vitamin D
5
Diabetes Ascertainment in the Women's Health Initiative
Cited 5 times
Outpatient and inpatient medical records related to diabetes diagnosis, treatment, and laboratory testing were requested for consenting women and reviewed by a trained physician adjudicator (KM, CL, SW, DB) at each site. Medical records of all self-reported incident and prevalent diabetes cases were requested and reviewed. The records of any participant from the No Diabetes Group who had only one fasting glucose value available, any fasting glucose value of >100 mg/dL, or who reported diabetes on the confirmation questionnaire were also requested and reviewed. If all of two or more fasting glucose values were <100 mg/dL and the participant reported no diabetes on the confirmation questionnaire, she was assumed without further review not to have diabetes.
The medical record review form included notations of diabetes on the problem list or as a diagnosis, the use of medications for diabetes (oral medications and/or insulin), glycosylated hemoglobin levels, fasting and casual plasma glucose values, and results of any oral glucose tolerance tests. Based on the medical records reviewed, the adjudicators recorded their summary impression about whether the participant had diabetes and listed the supporting diagnostic criteria on which their decision was based. Diabetes was defined at the study's inception in accordance with the American Diabetes Association definition[25 (link)] as one or more of the following found in the medical record: 1) Fasting plasma glucose >126 mg/dL, 2) Symptoms of diabetes (polyuria, polydipsia, and unexplained weight loss) plus casual plasma glucose concentration >200 mg/dL, 3) 2-hour postload glucose >200 mg/dL during an oral glucose tolerance test using a glucose load containing the equivalent of 75 g anhydrous glucose dissolved in water, and 4) Treatment with insulin or an oral hypoglycemic agent.
All physician adjudicators participated in a training session in which 12 sample charts were reviewed and discussed. Furthermore, shortly after medical record abstraction was under way, quality assurance checks were conducted; a second adjudicator (KM) independently reviewed 12 randomly selected records (5 incident, 5 prevalent, and 2 nondiabetes cases) from each site and verified the summary impression of diabetes vs. no diabetes, as supported by the diagnostic elements listed above. Agreement between adjudicators regarding diabetes status was 100%. In addition to the quality assurance sample, the medical records of any discordant cases (WHI self-report of diabetes did not match summary impression from medical record review) were reviewed by a second physician adjudicator (KM), who made a final determination of diabetes status. The WHI cohort was also linked to Medicare data from 1991 to 2007. Of women aged 65 and older with a valid Social Security number, 196 were successfully matched to the Medicare enrollment file.
Jackson J.M., DeFor T.A., Crain A.L., Kerby T.J., Strayer L.S., Lewis C.E., Whitlock E.P., Williams S.B., Vitolins M.Z., Rodabough R.J., Larson J.C., Habermann E.B, & Margolis K.L. (2014). Validity of Diabetes Self-Reports in the Women's Health Initiative. Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 21(8), 861-868.
Publication 2014
Dextrose, Anhydrous Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis Glucose Hemoglobin, Glycosylated Hypoglycemic Agents Inpatient Insulin Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Outpatients Pharmaceutical Preparations Physicians Plasma Polydipsia Polyuria Woman

Most recents protocols related to «Polydipsia»

1
Retrospective Study of Type 2 Diabetes
All individuals for this retrospective study were recruited from University Hospital and Polyclinic, Medical University of Lublin, between 2010 and 2019. Our study included a total of 820 unrelated adult participants with type 2 diabetes duration >10 years (mean age 65.2 ± 14.4 years). There were 446 (54%) men and 374 (46%) women in this cohort. All participants were Caucasians. Before enrolment in the study, a written informed consent was obtained from all participants, in accordance with standards of the Declaration of Helsinki (version 2013). Approval of the exact protocol of the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Medical University of Lublin (KE-0254/49).
Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed conforming to the guidelines of American Diabetes Association.1 (link) The standard inclusion criteria were confirmed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and age ≥30 years. A complete physical examination was performed on all patients, including fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), full lipid profile, albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), albumin excretion rate (AER) and body mass index (BMI). In addition to the classic symptoms of hyperglycemia (polyuria, polydipsia, loss of weight), the fasting plasma glucose level was >7 mmol/l or random level >11 mmol/l, and HbA1c level ≥6.5%. In this cross-sectional study, participants were not matched in terms of demographic or medical characteristics. Those excluded from the study were patients with T1DM, with other significant chronic diseases, eg, other endocrine disorders, haematological disorders, immunodeficiencies, pulmonary or rheumatological diseases, or malignancies were excluded from the study.
Cardiovascular disease was diagnosed in 603 individuals (73.5%). One or the combination of pathological phenotypes were diagnosed as cardiovascular disease: congestive heart failure, left ventricular hypertrophy, angina pectoris, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, ischemic cerebral stroke. Its clinical manifestations were affirmed by relevant biochemical, radiographic, echocardiographic and vascular diagnostic criteria. In total, 582 participants (71%) were diagnosed with hypertension by the World Health Organization criteria, with average systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure >140 mmHg and >90 mm Hg, respectively (the readings done on 2 different days).
Individuals in the control group (n = 400, mean age 57.5 ± 8.1 years), described earlier,17 (link) were unrelated normoglycemic volunteers (blood donors and hospital staff members) who earlier underwent health examination. At the time of enrolment, they had no history of diabetes, cardiovascular disease or renal disorders. Those reporting the family history of these conditions in first-degree relatives were excluded. Individuals who did not sign an informed consent were also excluded. The control group was used for comparing Leu72Met genotype frequencies to values in subjects withT2DM.
Buraczynska M., Golacki J, & Zaluska W. (2023). Leu72Met Polymorphism in Ghrelin Gene: A Potential Risk Factor for Hypertension in Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, 16, 557-564.
Publication 2023
Adult Albumins Angina Pectoris Blood Vessel Cardiovascular Diseases Caucasoid Races Collagen Diseases Congestive Heart Failure Creatinine Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent Disease, Chronic Donor, Blood Echocardiography Endocrine System Diseases Ethics Committees Genotype Glucose Hematological Disease Hemoglobin, Glycosylated High Blood Pressures Hyperglycemia Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Index, Body Mass Kidney Diseases Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Lipids Lung Malignant Neoplasms Myocardial Infarction Myocardial Ischemia Patients Personnel, Hospital Phenotype Physical Examination Plasma Polydipsia Polyuria Pressure, Diastolic Stroke, Ischemic Systolic Pressure Voluntary Workers Woman X-Rays, Diagnostic
2
Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure

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Publication 2023
Blood Glucose Congenital Heart Defects Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors Glucose Hemoglobin, Glycosylated Human Body Hyperglycemia Japanese Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Patients Pericarditis, Constrictive Physicians Plasma Polydipsia Polyuria Valve Disease, Heart Xerostomia
3
Antidiabetic Potential of Bitter Honey
The FBG measurements were made using a glucometer (one-touch Verio flex). Rats with FBG levels above 200 mg/dl with signs of polyuria and polydipsia were confirmed to be diabetic and were involved in the study. The following treatment was given in oral dosing using a gavage tube to all groups for 28 days. Rats in Groups I and diabetic rats in Group II were administered orally with distilled water. Group III diabetic rats were treated with Glibenclamide standard, 0.6 mg/kg b.w., and bitter honey was administered to diabetic rats in Groups IV and V, 200 mg/kg b.w. and 400 mg/kg b.w., respectively. The Glibenclamide standard solution was prepared in 1% Carboxymethyll cellulose, while bitter honey samples were prepared by diluting in distilled water. After the experimental period (24 hours after the last dose), the animals were euthanized using an excess dose of anesthesia (thiopentone sodium, 75 mg/kg ip) [26 (link)].
Koodathil J., Venkatachalam G, & Bhaskaran K. (2023). In vitro and in vivo antidiabetic activity of bitter honey in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Journal of Medicine and Life, 16(1), 91-100.
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Publication 2023
Anesthesia Animals Cellulose Glyburide Honey Polydipsia Polyuria Rattus norvegicus Thiopental Sodium Touch Tube Feeding
4
Diabetic Wound Healing Model Development
Diabetic rat models were established according to the classic modeling method [14 (link)]. After 3 days of acclimatization, the 8‑week‑old mice were fed a high-fat and high-sugar diet consisting of 54.6% basic mouse feed, 16.9% lard, 14% sugar, 10.2% casein, 2.1% premix, and 2.2% maltodextrin for two weeks. Then, the diabetic model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 1% STZ solution of 50 mg/kg and intragastric administration of 10% glucose solution 2 h later to balance blood glucose. The weight of the rats was measured on the day of modeling, and tail tip blood was collected to measure blood glucose.
One week after the last STZ injection, rats with blood glucose levels over 16.7 mmol/L, polyuria, polydipsia and intense hunger symptoms were considered to have successfully developed diabetes mellitus. On the day of modeling, rats were weighed and anesthetized with 2%-3% isoflurane. After anesthesia, the model area (both sides of the spine) was depilated with a depilatory knife. Under aseptic conditions, skin wounds with a diameter of 0.6 cm were made into diabetic rats with an area of 0.28 cm2. Each rat had 6 holes on the back. The depth of the wound reached the level of the subfascial dressing, and every rat was fed continuously in an individual cage separately. Intergroup markers should be made for high-fat and high-sugar diets.
Zhang J.T., Wu M.F., Ma M.H., Zhao L., Zhu J.Y., Nian H, & Li F.L. (2023). Research on the wound healing effect of Shengji Huayu Formula ethanol extract-derived fractions in streptozotocin-induced diabetic ulcer rats. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 23, 67.
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Publication 2023
Acclimatization Asepsis BLOOD Blood Glucose Carbohydrates Caseins Dental Anesthesia Diabetes Mellitus Diet Glucose Hunger Injections, Intraperitoneal Isoflurane lard maltodextrin Mice, House Polydipsia Polyuria Skin Tail Therapy, Diet Vertebral Column Wounds
5
Antidiabetic Effects of Andrographis paniculata
This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was approved by the Committee for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, at the Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University (approval number: MUVS-2020-04-10). A total of 41 client-own dogs (23 diabetic and 18 clinically healthy) from Prasu Arthorn Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University were included in this study. The clinically healthy dogs were used for cross-sectional normal baseline evaluations. All dogs were used after obtaining the signed consent forms from the owners. The design used for the experiments in this study is shown in Figure 1. For the determination of optimum dose and duration of A. paniculata treatment, the diabetic dogs were divided into two treatment protocols. In the first protocol, dogs were given either A. paniculata extracted capsules (50 mg/kg/day; n = 6) or a placebo (n = 7) for 90 days. In another protocol, dogs were given A. paniculata extracted capsules (100 mg/kg/day; n = 6), while others were given placebo (n = 4) for 180 days. Routine treatment was provided to all the dogs. The clinical parameters and the levels of the inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated in each group. The characteristics of the dogs in each group are shown in Supplementary Table S1A.
The inclusion criteria were diabetic dogs of any breed, age, or sex, with stable blood glucose levels for the previous 3 months. The diabetic dogs were diagnosed with a history of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss with normal or increased appetite, fasting hyperglycemia, and glucosuria. The exclusion criteria for the study were as follows: dogs with unstable diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis, those that received corticosteroids, and those with diseases that affect the blood glucose levels, such as hyperadrenocorticism, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, neoplasia, and acromegaly. To reduce the confounding factors, all the diabetic dogs enrolled in this study were fed a commercial diabetic diet and allowed to live indoors or within their compounds, close to their owners, without any changes in their environment during the study period.
Suemanotham N., Phochantachinda S., Chatchaisak D., Sakcamduang W., Chansawhang A., Pitchakarn P, & Chantong B. (2023). Antidiabetic effects of Andrographis paniculata supplementation on biochemical parameters, inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress in canine diabetes. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 14, 1077228.
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Publication 2023
Acromegaly Adrenal Cortex Hormones Adrenal Gland Hyperfunction Animals, Laboratory Biological Markers Blood Glucose Canis familiaris Capsule Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Diet Diabetic Ketoacidosis Faculty Hyperglycemia Inflammation Neoplasms Oxidative Stress Pancreatic Insufficiency, Exocrine Placebos Polydipsia Polyuria Treatment Protocols

Top products related to «Polydipsia»

1
Streptozotocin (stz) by Merck Group
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STZ is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is designed for use in scientific research and experiments. The core function of STZ is to serve as a tool for carrying out specific tasks or procedures in a laboratory setting. No further details or interpretation of its intended use are provided.
2
Accu chek by Roche
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The Accu-Chek product line from Roche is a suite of blood glucose monitoring systems designed for use in clinical and personal settings. The core function of the Accu-Chek devices is to accurately measure and display blood glucose levels.
3
S0130 by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
The S0130 is a laboratory equipment product from Merck Group. It is designed for general laboratory use. The core function of the S0130 is to perform basic laboratory tasks, but a detailed description is not available while maintaining an unbiased and factual approach.
4
Blood glucose meter by Roche
Sourced in Switzerland, Germany, China, United States
A blood glucose meter is a portable medical device used to measure the concentration of glucose in an individual's blood. It consists of a small, handheld unit and disposable test strips. The device analyzes a small drop of blood, typically from the fingertip, and displays the blood glucose level on the meter's screen.
5
Pentobarbital sodium by Merck Group
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Pentobarbital sodium is a laboratory chemical compound. It is a barbiturate drug that acts as a central nervous system depressant. Pentobarbital sodium is commonly used in research and scientific applications.
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Fluoxetine is a chemical compound used in laboratory settings. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that affects the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain. Fluoxetine is commonly used in research applications, but its specific core function is to modulate serotonin levels.
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Accu chek performa by Roche
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The Accu-Chek Performa is a blood glucose monitoring system designed to measure the level of glucose in the user's blood. It provides accurate and reliable readings to help individuals manage their diabetes.
8
Methylphenidate by Merck Group
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Em 10c transmission electron microscope by Zeiss
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The EM 10C is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) manufactured by Zeiss. It is designed to magnify and image very small specimens, allowing users to observe and analyze the internal structure and composition of materials at the nanoscale level. The EM 10C provides high-resolution imaging capabilities, enabling detailed examination of a wide range of samples.

More about "Polydipsia"

Polydipsia, or excessive thirst, is a condition characterized by an abnormally high and persistent desire to drink fluids.
This symptom is often associated with various underlying medical conditions, including diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, and certain psychiatric disorders.
Diabetes mellitus, a chronic condition where the body is unable to properly regulate blood sugar levels, is a common cause of polydipsia.
In this case, the excessive thirst is a result of the body's attempt to flush out the excess glucose in the bloodstream.
Diabetes insipidus, on the other hand, is a condition caused by a deficiency in the antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which regulates fluid balance in the body.
Psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and certain types of obsessive-compulsive disorder, can also lead to polydipsia.
In these cases, the excessive thirst may be a symptom of the underlying mental health condition.
Researchers studying polydipsia can utilize tools like the STZ (streptozotocin) model, which is commonly used to induce diabetes in animal studies, or the Accu-Chek blood glucose monitoring system to closely monitor changes in blood sugar levels.
Additionally, medications like pentobarbital sodium, fluoxetine, and methylphenidate may be used in polydipsia research to investigate the underlying mechanisms and potential treatments.
To optimize their polydipsia studies, researchers can leverage the power of PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven platform that enables effortless comparisons of protocols and products from literature, preprints, and patents.
This tool can enhance the reproducibility and accuracy of polydipsia research, ensuring that your findings are on point and make a meaningful contribution to the scientific community.