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Animal Model

Animal models are essential tools used in biomedical research to study human diseases and test potential treatments.
These models involve the use of animals, such as mice, rats, or nonhuman primates, that exhibit similar physiological or behavioral characteristics to human conditions.
Animal models allow researchers to investigate the underlying mechanisms of diseases, evaluate the efficacy and safety of new therapies, and enhance our understanding of human biology.
By mimicking the complexity of human systems, animal models play a crucial role in advancing medical knowledge and improving human health.
PubCompare.ai can help optimze animal model research by providing access to a wealth of protocols from the literature, pre-prints, and patents, enabling researchers to identify the best models and products for their studies and improve the reproducibility of their findings.

Most cited protocols related to «Animal Model»

1
Consensus Process for Acute Renal Failure
Our consensus process relied on evidence where available and, in the absence of evidence, consensus expert opinion when possible [7 (link)]. This combined approach has previously led to important practice guidelines that were widely adopted into clinical practice [8 (link)]. In contrast, expert opinion alone can ignore important evidence, whereas evidence-based reviews can be conceptually flawed without expert opinion [9 ]. We conducted the consensus process in three stages: preconference, conference and postconference.
Before the conference, we identified six topics relevant to the field of ARF: definition/classification system for ARF; clinical outcome measures for ARF studies; physiological end-points for ARF studies; animal models of ARF; techniques for assessing and achieving fluid balance in ARF; and information technology in acute dialysis. We selected these topics based on the level of possible clinical impact, the level of controversy, known or suspected variation in practice, potential importance for scientific outcome, potential for development of evidence-based medicine recommendations, and availability of evidence. For each topic we outlined a preliminary set of key questions. We then invited an international panel, predominantly from the fields of nephrology and intensive care, based on their expertise in the fields of analysis. Panelists were assigned to three-person workgroups, with each workgroup addressing one key topic. Each workgroup conducted literature searches related to their topic questions via Medline, PubMed, bibliography of review articles and participants' files. Searches were limited to English language articles. However, articles written in other languages were used when identified by workgroup members. During this stage, the scope of the conference was also more clearly defined.
We conducted a 2-day conference in May 2002 in Vicenza, Italy. We developed summary statements through a series of alternating breakout and plenary sessions. In each breakout session, the workgroup refined key questions, identified the supporting evidence, and generated recommendations and/or directions for future research as appropriate. We generated future research questions by identifying deficiencies in the literature and debating whether more evidence was necessary. Where possible, we also considered pertinent study design issues. Workgroup members presented their findings during plenary sessions, rotating responsibility for presenting to ensure full participation. The workgroup then revised their drafts as needed until a final version was agreed upon. When consensus was not achieved on any individual question by the conclusion of the meeting, deliberations continued by correspondence. When voting was required to settle an issue, a two-thirds majority was required to approve a proposal.
A writing committee assembled the individual reports from the workgroups and each report was edited to conform to a uniform style and for length. Finally, each report was submitted for comments to independent international experts. In this report we present a summary of the proceedings.
Bellomo R., Ronco C., Kellum J.A., Mehta R.L, & Palevsky P. (2004). Acute renal failure – definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid therapy and information technology needs: the Second International Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group. Critical Care, 8(4), R204-R212.
Publication 2004
Animal Model Conferences Dialysis Fluid Balance Intensive Care physiology
2
Improving Animal Study Reporting
In the life sciences, animals are used to elucidate normal biology, to improve understanding of disease pathogenesis, and to develop therapeutic interventions. Animal models are valuable, provided that experiments employing them are carefully designed, interpreted and reported. Several recent articles, commentaries and editorials highlight that inadequate experimental reporting can result in such studies being un-interpretable and difficult to reproduce1 (link)–8 (link). For instance, replication of spinal cord injury studies through an NINDS-funded program determined that many studies could not be replicated because of incomplete or inaccurate description of experimental design, especially how randomization of animals to the various test groups, group formulation and delineation of animal attrition and exclusion were addressed7 (link). A review of 100 articles published in Cancer Research in 2010 revealed that only 28% of papers reported that animals were randomly allocated to treatment groups, just 2% of papers reported that observers were blinded to treatment, and none stated the methods used to determine the number of animals per group, a determination required to avoid false outcomes2 (link). In addition, analysis of several hundred studies conducted in animal models of stroke, Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis also revealed deficiencies in reporting key methodological parameters that can introduce bias6 (link). Similarly, a review of 76 high-impact (cited more than 500 times) animal studies showed that the publications lacked descriptions of crucial methodological information that would allow informed judgment about the findings9 . These deficiencies in the reporting of animal study design, which are clearly widespread, raise the concern that the reviewers of these studies could not adequately identify potential limitations in the experimental design and/or data analysis, limiting the benefit of the findings.
Some poorly reported studies may in fact be well-designed and well-conducted, but analysis suggests that inadequate reporting correlates with overstated findings10 (link)–14 . Problems related to inadequate study design surfaced early in the stroke research community, as investigators tried to understand why multiple clinical trials based on positive results in animal studies ultimately failed. Part of the problem is, of course, that no animal model can fully reproduce all the features of human stroke. It also became clear, however, that many of the difficulties stemmed from a lack of methodological rigor in the preclinical studies that were not adequately reported15 (link). For instance, a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies testing the efficacy of the free-radical scavenger NXY-059 in models of ischaemic stroke revealed that publications that included information on randomization, concealment of group allocation, or blinded assessment of outcomes reported significantly smaller effect sizes of NXY-059 in comparison to studies lacking this information10 (link). In certain cases, a series of poorly designed studies, obscured by deficient reporting, may, in aggregate, serve erroneously as the scientific rationale for large, expensive and ultimately unsuccessful clinical trials. Such trials may unnecessarily expose patients to potentially harmful agents, prevent these patients from participating in other trials of possibly effective agents, and drain valuable resources and energy that might otherwise be more productively spent.
Landis S.C., Amara S.G., Asadullah K., Austin C.P., Blumenstein R., Bradley E.W., Crystal R.G., Darnell R.B., Ferrante R.J., Fillit H., Finkelstein R., Fisher M., Gendelman H.E., Golub R.M., Goudreau J.L., Gross R.A., Gubitz A.K., Hesterlee S.E., Howells D.W., Huguenard J., Kelner K., Koroshetz W., Krainc D., Lazic S.E., Levine M.S., Macleod M.R., McCall J.M., Moxley RT I.I.I., Narasimhan K., Noble L.J., Perrin S., Porter J.D., Steward O., Unger E., Utz U, & Silberberg S.D. (2012). A call for transparent reporting to optimize the predictive value of preclinical research. Nature, 490(7419), 187-191.
Publication 2012
Animal Model Animals Cerebrovascular Accident DNA Replication Free Radical Scavengers Impact 76 Malignant Neoplasms Multiple Sclerosis Muscle Rigidity NXY 059 pathogenesis Patients Spinal Cord Injuries Stroke, Ischemic Tooth Attrition
3
Ferroptosis Regulation Annotation Database
Annotation data sets in FerrDb belong to three categories (Table 1). Genes were annotated as drivers, suppressors and markers. Small molecules were annotated as inducers and inhibitors. Drivers, suppressors, inducers and inhibitors are regulators of ferroptosis: drivers and inducers positively regulate ferroptosis, while suppressors and inhibitors negatively regulate ferroptosis. Markers do not regulate ferroptosis, but they indicate the occurrence of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis affects the development of disease in two ways. Ferroptosis was then annotated to either aggravate or alleviate an illness.
To be annotated as a ferroptosis regulator, genes and small molecules must possess explicit evidence to prove their regulatory role in ferroptosis. This kind of evidence is generally represented by an author statement of the role of the regulator in an original article. Genes that only undergo abundance, modification or stability change or are merely a component of a functional signaling axis or interaction network were annotated as markers. To annotate ferroptosis’ effect on diseases, evidence based on a growth test in cell lines or animal models was required.
In comparison with revealing a small molecule’s role, confirming a gene’s function is more challenging. We therefore dedicated more effort to gene annotation. A confidence level was assigned to each annotation to indicate its reliability (Table 2). Experimental reproducibility is correlated with results consistency, so the number of experiments was used as a score of the accuracy of the regulatory role of annotated genes. Critical cases (e.g. article retraction, conflicting results) that may affect the annotation reliability were highlighted by a caution statement. Other noteworthy information (e.g. inconsistent gene symbols) that seems less likely to impair annotation quality was denoted with a remark.
Zhou N, & Bao J. (2020). FerrDb: a manually curated resource for regulators and markers of ferroptosis and ferroptosis-disease associations. Database: The Journal of Biological Databases and Curation, 2020, baaa021.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2020
Animal Model Cell Lines Developmental Disabilities Epistropheus Ferroptosis Gene Annotation Genes Genes, Regulator inhibitors Operator, Genetic
4
Comparative Techniques for Neural Activity Monitoring
One commonly used approach to image fluorescently reported neuronal dynamics is 2-photon microscopy30 (link). This technique utilizes low energy near infrared (IR) photons to penetrate highly light-scattering brain tissue up to 600–700 μm below the surface of the brain31 (link). A significant advantage of 2-photon microscopy is the ability to selectively excite fluorophores within a well-defined focal plane, resulting in a spatial resolution capable of resolving cellular activity within precisely defined anatomical sub-regions of neurons, such as dendrites and axonal boutons30 (link). Notably, although this imaging modality provides superior spatial resolution, it requires the head fixation of animals and, in the absence of a microendoscope or optical cannula, 2-photon imaging is limited to superficial layers of the brain32 (link),33 (link). Together, these behavioral and optical limitations greatly reduce the scope of scientific questions that can be examined with 2-photon microscopy.
Implantation of small, lightweight fiber optics above a region of interest, such as with fiber photometry, circumvents optical and behavioral limitations posed by 2-photon microscopy34 (link). However, unlike 2-photon microscopy, fiber photometry lacks cellular level resolution and provides only aggregate activity within the field of view (i.e., bulk changes in fluorescent signal)22 . Thus, this method is better suited for monitoring dynamic activity within neural projection fields35 (link). In addition to limitations in optical resolution, fiber photometry requires the test subject to be secured to a rigid fiber optic bundle, which can be difficult for small mammals, such as mice, to maneuver34 (link). Thus, while fiber photometry increases the depth in which neural activity can be monitored, it presents significant limitations in optical resolution, restricts the natural behavioral repertoire of an animal, and limits the animal models that can be optimally utilized.
Large-scale recordings of neural activity within freely behaving mammals36 (link) can also be conducted with techniques that do not rely on the use of fluorescence indicators of neural activity, such as in vivo electrophysiological recordings2 (link). Importantly, compared to in vivo Ca2+ imaging, electrophysiology provides superior temporal resolution, allowing for more accurate spike timing estimations17 (link),37 (link),38 (link) as well as the correlation of neural activity with precisely defined temporal events. In addition, in vivo electrophysiology can be combined with optogenetic perturbations of genetically defined neuronal populations to permit the identification (although not unequivocally) and manipulation of defined neuronal populations39 –41 (link). The ability to monitor and subsequently manipulate a circuit is particularly important to the study of brain function as it allows the causal role of identified computations to be elucidated. Thus, compared to freely behaving in vivo optical imaging methods, in vivo electrophysiology methods offer advantages in the domain of temporal resolution as well as technological integration. One notable limitation of this method is that the spatial location of monitored cells cannot be visualized, making it difficult to assert that an identified cell is similar or unique across recording sessions1 (link). Moreover, because in vivo electrophysiology relies on waveform shapes to differentiate individual cells from each other, it can be challenging to detect cells with sparse firing patterns or that are located within densely populated networks. Finally, the number of cells that can be detected with in vivo electrophysiology methods is often far less than the number of cells that can be monitored with the optical imaging methods described in this protocol29 (link),42 (link). Taken together, these limitations in cell identification and statistical power pose a significant disadvantage for studies that require chronic monitoring of neural activity.
Resendez S.L., Jennings J.H., Ung R.L., Namboodiri V.M., Zhou Z.C., Otis J.M., Nomura H., McHenry J.A., Kosyk O, & Stuber G.D. (2016). Visualization of cortical, subcortical, and deep brain neural circuit dynamics during naturalistic mammalian behavior with head-mounted microscopes and chronically implanted lenses. Nature protocols, 11(3), 566-597.
Publication 2016
Animal Model Animals Axon Body Regions Brain Cannula Cells Dendrites Dietary Fiber Electric Stimulation Therapy Fibrosis Fluorescence Head Light Mammals Microscopy Mus Muscle Rigidity Nervousness Neurons Optogenetics Ovum Implantation Photometry Population Group Tissues
5
Eukaryotic Protein Subcellular Localization Pipeline
Eukaryotic proteins are processed using the general pipeline depicted in Figure 1. The pipeline is organized as a directed rooted computational graph where each node corresponds to the execution of a specific tool. The graph root is the query protein sequence, while leaves correspond to predicted subcellular localizations, here represented as GO terms of the cellular component ontology. A path from the root to one leaf is determined by the outcomes of the different tools. In Figure 1, GO terms and tools highlighted in green are only applied for plant proteins.
At the very first level, the query sequence is scanned for the presence of signal peptide using the DeepSig predictor (4 ). If the signal sequence is found (suggesting the sorting of the protein through the secretory pathway), the mature protein sequence is determined by cleaving the predicted signal peptide. The resulting mature sequence is then analyzed by the subsequent tools. Firstly, PredGPI (6 (link)) determines the presence of GPI-anchors. If an anchor is found, the sequence is classified as Membrane anchored component (GO:0046658). Otherwise, the sequence is filtered for the presence of α-helical TransMembrane (TM) domains using ENSEMBLE3.0 (7 (link)). If at least one TM domain is found, the protein is predicted as membrane protein and passed to MemLoci (10 (link)), which predicts the final membrane protein localization that includes: Endomembrane system (GO:00112505), Plasma membrane (GO:0005886) and Organelle membrane (GO:0031090). If no TM domain is found, the protein is predicted to be localized in the Extracellular space (GO:0005615).
Proteins not directed to the secretory pathway (as predicted with DeepSig) are analyzed for their potential organelle localization using TPpred3 (5 (link)), which predicts the presence of organelle-targeting peptides and distinguishes between mitochondrial and chloroplast sorting for plant proteins.
If no targeting peptide is detected with TPpred3, ENSEMBLE3.0 is used to discriminate membrane from globular proteins: MemLoci or BaCelLo (9 (link)) are hence applied to predict localization of membrane and globular protein, respectively. In particular, BaCelLo is able to distinguish among five different cellular compartments (four in case of animal or fungi proteins): Nucleus (GO:0005634), Cytoplasm (GO:0005737), Extracellular space (GO:0005615), Mitochondrion (GO:0005739) and, for plant proteins, Chloroplast (GO:0009507). Moreover, since BaCelLo adopts different optimized models for animals and fungi, information about the taxonomic origin of the input is also provided as a parameter to the predictor.
When a mitochondrial targeting signal is detected, this is cleaved-off to determine the mature protein sequence. ENSEMBLE3.0 is then used to determine whether the mature protein is localized into a Mitochondrial membrane (GO:0031966) or, more generally, into the Mitochondrion (GO:0005739).
For plant proteins, TPpred3 is also able to distinguish potential chloroplast-targeting peptides. If detected, they are cleaved and the sequence submitted to SChloro (11 (link)) that discriminates six different sub-chloroplast localizations: Outer membrane (GO:0009707), Inner membrane (GO:0009706), Plastoglobule (GO:0010287), Thylakoid lumen (GO:0009543), Thylakoid membrane (GO:0009535) and Stroma (GO:0009570).
Overall BUSCA is able to predict sixteen different compartments for plants and nine for animals and fungi.
Savojardo C., Martelli P.L., Fariselli P., Profiti G, & Casadio R. (2018). BUSCA: an integrative web server to predict subcellular localization of proteins. Nucleic Acids Research, 46(Web Server issue), W459-W466.
Publication 2018
Amino Acid Sequence Animal Model Animals Cell Nucleus Cells Cellular Structures Chloroplasts Cytoplasm Eukaryotic Cells Extracellular Space Eye Fungal Proteins Fungi Helix (Snails) Membrane Proteins Mitochondria Mitochondrial Membranes Organelles Peptides Plant Leaves Plant Proteins Plant Roots Plants Plasma Membrane Proteins Reproduction Secretory Pathway Signal Peptides Strains Thylakoid Membrane Thylakoids Tissue, Membrane

Most recents protocols related to «Animal Model»

1
Exosomal Delivery of JNK for Targeted Therapy
Not available on PMC !

Example 12

The binding of CIBN and CRY2 in cells expressing CIBN-EGFP-CD9 and JNK-mCherry-Cry2 at 488 nm wavelength blue light, and the loading of JNK within the exosome is evaluated.

For the massive production of JNK-loaded exosomes, cells stably expressing CIBN-EGFP-CD9 gene and JNK-mCherry-CRY2 gene are established, and exosomes are isolated and purified by Tangential Flow Filtration (TFF) method from culture supernatant.

Functional analysis of JNK-loaded exosomes is performed in target cells:

Target cells are treated with the JNK-loaded exosomes to show the functional activity.

Animal models are administered with the JNK-loaded exosomes by i.p. or i.v. to show therapeutic effect.

US11872193B2. Compositions containing protein loaded exosome and methods for preparing and delivering the same (2024-01-16). ILIAS BIOLOGICS INC. [KR]. Inventors: Chulhee Choi [KR], Nambin Yim [KR], Won Do Heo [KR], Seung-Wook Ryu [KR], Hojun Choi [KR], Kyungsun Choi [KR].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
Animal Model Cells Exosomes Filtration Genes Kinase, Janus Light Therapeutic Effect
2
Bleomycin-Induced Trabecular Meshwork Senescence
Not available on PMC !

Example 8

Administration of bleomycin, a DNA damaging agent, to the anterior chamber of the mouse or rabbit eye leads to cellular senescence, as detected by the induction of p16 transcript in the trabecular meshwork.

To induce a senescent phenotype in the trabecular meshwork in vivo, C57Bl/6 mice (aged 8 to 10 weeks) were injected intracamerally with 2 μL of 0.0075 U bleomycin sulfate. In the rabbit, 30 μL of 0.0075 U bleomycin sulfate were injected intracamerally in New Zealand white rabbits. Eyes were enucleated 14 days post-bleomycin injury and TM-enriched samples were micro-dissected. To determine change in senescent cells, RNA was isolated from TM and qPCR analysis was done to assess the effect of bleomycin on p16 mRNA levels.

FIGS. 12A and 12B show elevated relative expression of p16 at 14 days after intracameral (IC) injection of bleomycin in the right (OD) eye relative to the PBS-injected left (OS) eye of the test animals. This model can also be used to assess whether a test compound is pharmacologically capable of reducing or ameliorating the increased intraocular pressure that is a hallmark of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).

US11865123B2. Methods of inhibiting pathological angiogenesis (2024-01-09). Unity Biotechnology, Inc. [US]. Inventors: Pam Tsuruda [US], Jill Hopkins [US], Harry Sweigard [US], Yan Poon [US], Jamie Dananberg [US], Daniel Marquess [US], Nathaniel David [US].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
Animal Model Animals Bleomycin Cellular Senescence Chambers, Anterior DNA, A-Form Figs Glaucoma Glaucoma, Primary Open Angle indium-bleomycin Injuries Mice, Inbred C57BL Mus New Zealand Rabbits Phenotype Rabbits RNA, Messenger Sulfate, Bleomycin Tonometry, Ocular Trabecular Meshwork
3
Tryptamine's Effect on Gut Motility
Not available on PMC !

Example 6

The organ bath system represents an ex vivo system lacking central nervous system (CNS) connections. Gastrointestinal motility is investigated using mice as an animal model. Experiments are performed to measure colonic contractility in conscious germ free (GF) and colonized mice with infusion of tryptamine by enema as well as following colonization of GF with tryptamine producing E. coli. The effect of tryptamine on epithelial biology also is determined.

US11878002B2. Methods and materials for using Ruminococcus gnavus or Clostridium sporogenes to treat gastrointestinal disorders (2024-01-23). Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research [US], The Regents of the University of California [US]. Inventors: Purna C. Kashyap [US], Michael Fischbach [US], Brianna B. Williams [US].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
Animal Model Bath Central Nervous System Colon Consciousness Enema Escherichia coli Gastrointestinal Motility Mus Muscle Contraction Tryptamines
4
Exosome-Mediated Delivery of PTEN
Not available on PMC !

Example 11

The present inventors confirmed the binding of CIBN and CRY2 in cells expressing CIBN-EGFP-CD9 and PTEN-Cry2 at 488 nm wavelength blue light, and the loading of PTEN within exosome.

For the massive production of PTEN-loaded exosomes, cells stably expressing CIBN-EGFP-CD9 gene and PTEN-CRY2 gene were established (FIG. 31), and exosomes were isolated and purified by Tangential Flow Filtration (TFF) method from culture supernatant.

Functional analysis of PTEN kinase-loaded exosomes is performed in target cells

Treatment of PTEN-loaded exosomes to target cells shows the functional activity.

Administration of PTEN-loaded exosomes by i.p. or i.v. to animal model shows therapeutic effect.

US11872193B2. Compositions containing protein loaded exosome and methods for preparing and delivering the same (2024-01-16). ILIAS BIOLOGICS INC. [KR]. Inventors: Chulhee Choi [KR], Nambin Yim [KR], Won Do Heo [KR], Seung-Wook Ryu [KR], Hojun Choi [KR], Kyungsun Choi [KR].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
Animal Model Cells Exosomes Filtration Genes Inventors Light Phosphotransferases PTEN Phosphohydrolase PTEN protein, human Therapeutic Effect
5
Exosome-Mediated Tbx18 Delivery
Not available on PMC !

Example 18

The binding of CIBN and CRY2 in cells expressing CIBN-EGFP-CD9 and Tbx18-mCherry-Cry2 at 488 nm wavelength blue light, and the loading of Tbx18 within the exosome is evaluated.

For the massive production of Tbx18-loaded exosomes, cells stably expressing CIBN-EGFP-CD9 gene and Tbx18-mCherry-CRY2 gene are established, and exosomes are isolated and purified by Tangential Flow Filtration (TFF) method from culture supernatant.

Functional analysis of Tbx18-loaded exosomes is performed in target cells:

Target cells are treated with the Tbx18-loaded exosomes to show the functional activity.

Animal models are administered with the Tbx18-loaded exosomes by i.p. or i.v. to show therapeutic effect.

US11872193B2. Compositions containing protein loaded exosome and methods for preparing and delivering the same (2024-01-16). ILIAS BIOLOGICS INC. [KR]. Inventors: Chulhee Choi [KR], Nambin Yim [KR], Won Do Heo [KR], Seung-Wook Ryu [KR], Hojun Choi [KR], Kyungsun Choi [KR].
Full text: Click here
Patent 2024
Animal Model Cells Exosomes Filtration Genes Light Therapeutic Effect Transcription Factor

Top products related to «Animal Model»

1
Streptozotocin (stz) by Merck Group
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STZ is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is designed for use in scientific research and experiments. The core function of STZ is to serve as a tool for carrying out specific tasks or procedures in a laboratory setting. No further details or interpretation of its intended use are provided.
2
Fetal bovine serum (fbs) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
3
Matrigel by BD
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Matrigel is a solubilized basement membrane preparation extracted from the Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) mouse sarcoma, a tumor rich in extracellular matrix proteins. It is widely used as a substrate for the in vitro cultivation of cells, particularly those that require a more physiologically relevant microenvironment for growth and differentiation.
4
D12492 by Research Diets
Sourced in United States, China, Canada, Japan, Denmark, Montenegro, United Kingdom
The D12492 is a powdered rodent diet formulated by Research Diets. It is a highly palatable, nutrient-dense diet that provides a standardized nutritional profile for research purposes. The diet is designed to be easily administered and consumed by laboratory rodents.
5
C57bl 6 mice by Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University
C57BL/6 mice are a widely used inbred strain of laboratory mice. They are a common model organism for biomedical research due to their well-characterized genetics and physiology.
6
C57bl 6 mice by Charles River Laboratories
Sourced in China, United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, Japan, France, Italy, Morocco, Spain, Netherlands, Montenegro, Belgium, Portugal, Ireland, Hungary
The C57BL/6 mouse is a widely used inbred mouse strain. It is a common laboratory mouse model utilized for a variety of research applications.
7
Sprague dawley rat by Charles River Laboratories
Sourced in United States, China, Germany, Canada, United Kingdom, Japan, France, Italy, Morocco, Hungary, New Caledonia, Montenegro, India
Sprague-Dawley rats are an outbred albino rat strain commonly used in laboratory research. They are characterized by their calm temperament and reliable reproductive performance.
8
Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem) by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Australia, Canada, Japan, Italy, Switzerland, Belgium, Austria, Spain, Israel, New Zealand, Ireland, Denmark, India, Poland, Sweden, Argentina, Netherlands, Brazil, Macao, Singapore, Sao Tome and Principe, Cameroon, Hong Kong, Portugal, Morocco, Hungary, Finland, Puerto Rico, Holy See (Vatican City State), Gabon, Bulgaria, Norway, Jamaica
DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) is a cell culture medium formulated to support the growth and maintenance of a variety of cell types, including mammalian cells. It provides essential nutrients, amino acids, vitamins, and other components necessary for cell proliferation and survival in an in vitro environment.
9
C57bl 6j by Jackson ImmunoResearch
Sourced in United States, Montenegro, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, China, Canada, Australia, France, Colombia, Netherlands, Spain
C57BL/6J is a mouse strain commonly used in biomedical research. It is a common inbred mouse strain that has been extensively characterized.
10
Balb c nude mice by Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University
BALB/c nude mice are a commonly used strain of laboratory mice that lack a functional immune system. They are deficient in the development of T cells, making them useful for research involving human xenografts and other immunological studies. These mice provide a valuable model for investigating various diseases and testing potential therapies.

More about "Animal Model"

Animal models are indispensable research tools used in biomedical studies to investigate human diseases and evaluate potential treatments.
These models often involve the use of small mammals like mice, rats, or non-human primates that exhibit similar physiological or behavioral characteristics to human conditions.
By mimicking the complexity of human systems, animal models allow researchers to explore the underlying mechanisms of diseases, assess the efficacy and safety of new therapies, and enhance our understanding of human biology.
Key animal models frequently used in research include the C57BL/6 mouse, a widely-used strain known for its robust disease responses, and the Sprague-Dawley rat, a common model for metabolic and cardiovascular studies.
Other models like BALB/c nude mice, which lack a functional immune system, are useful for oncology research.
Specialized media like DMEM and growth factors like FBS and Matrigel are often employed to culture and maintain these animal-derived cells and tissues.
Optimizing the use of animal models is crucial for improving the reproducibility and translatability of research findings.
Resources like PubCompare.ai can help researchers identify the best animal models and experimental protocols by providing access to a wealth of information from the literature, preprints, and patents.
By leveraging AI-driven comparisons, researchers can select the most appropriate models and products for their studies, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of their work.
This, in turn, advances our understanding of human health and accelerates the development of new treatments and therapies.