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Moraxella catarrhalis

Moraxella catarrhalis is a Gram-negative bacterium that commonly colonizes the upper respiratory tract in humans.
It is a leading cause of otitis media, sinusitis, and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Moraxella catarrhalis can also cause pneumonia, bacteremia, and other invasive infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
Research into effective diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies for Moraxella catarrhalis infections is an important area of study.
PubCompare.ai can enhance this research by helping locate the most relevant protocols and providing accurate comparisons to identify the best methods and products, improving reproducibility and accuaracy in Moraxella catarrhalis studies.

Most cited protocols related to «Moraxella catarrhalis»

1
Multiplex PCR for Respiratory Pathogens
For PCR evaluation of respiratory specimens, we used the Fast-track Diagnostics Respiratory Pathogens 33 multiplex PCR kit (FTD Resp-33 kit) (Fast-track Diagnostics, Sliema, Malta). NP/OP specimens were collected in viral transport medium (universal transport medium [UTM], Copan Diagnostics, Bresica, Italy) and refrigerated at 2°C–8°C for a maximum of 8 hours, or frozen at –80°C prior to nucleic acid extraction. Induced sputum, pleural fluid, and lung aspirate specimens were collected in saline in universal containers and either refrigerated at 2°C–8°C for a maximum of 24 hours, or frozen at –80°C prior to nucleic acid extraction.
Total nucleic acid extraction was performed on respiratory specimens using the NucliSENS easyMAG platform (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France). Four hundred microliters of each respiratory specimen (NP specimen in UTM, induced sputum aliquot in normal saline, pleural fluid aliquot, or lung aspirate aliquot) was eluted to a final volume of 60–110 μL nucleic acid. Prior to extraction, induced sputum specimens were digested with 1:1 dithiothreitol and incubated at ambient temperature until any mucus was broken down.
The FTD Resp-33 kit is a real-time PCR arranged in 8 multiplex groups for the detection of the following 33 viruses, bacteria, and fungi: influenza A, B, and C; parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3, and 4; coronaviruses NL63, 229E, OC43, and HKU1; human metapneumovirus A/B; human rhinovirus; respiratory syncytial virus A/B; adenovirus; enterovirus, parechovirus; bocavirus; cytomegalovirus; Pneumocystis jirovecii; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Chlamydophila pneumoniae; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae type b; Staphylococcus aureus; Moraxella catarrhalis; Bordetella pertussis; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Legionella species; Salmonella species; and Haemophilus influenzae species. The K. pneumoniae target was not used in any of the final analyses because of difficulties with assay specificity, as has been found elsewhere [9 (link)]. Positive, negative, and internal extraction controls were included in each run.
Quantitative PCR (qPCR) data were generated through the creation of standard curves using 10-fold serial dilutions of plasmid standards provided by FTD on an approximately quarterly basis at each study site, with calculation of pathogen density (copies/milliliter) from the sample cycle threshold (Ct) values. Because the results for the known standards were highly consistent across laboratories, standard curve data from all sites were pooled to create “standardized” standard curves for each pathogen target; data points beyond 2 standard deviations of the mean were excluded. Quantitative PCR was performed at each site using an Applied Biosystems 7500 (ABI-7500) platform (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California). Cycling conditions were 50°C for 15 minutes, 95°C for 10 minutes, and 40 cycles of 95°C for 8 seconds followed by 60°C for 34 seconds.
Driscoll A.J., Karron R.A., Morpeth S.C., Bhat N., Levine O.S., Baggett H.C., Brooks W.A., Feikin D.R., Hammitt L.L., Howie S.R., Knoll M.D., Kotloff K.L., Madhi S.A., Scott J.A., Thea D.M., Adrian P.V., Ahmed D., Alam M., Anderson T.P., Antonio M., Baillie V.L., Dione M., Endtz H.P., Gitahi C., Karani A., Kwenda G., Maiga A.A., McClellan J., Mitchell J.L., Morailane P., Mugo D., Mwaba J., Mwansa J., Mwarumba S., Nyongesa S., Panchalingam S., Rahman M., Sawatwong P., Tamboura B., Toure A., Whistler T., O’Brien K.L, & Murdoch D.R. (2017). Standardization of Laboratory Methods for the PERCH Study. Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 64(Suppl 3), S245-S252.
Publication 2017
Adenoviruses Bacteria Biological Assay Bocavirus Bordetella pertussis Chlamydophila pneumoniae Cytomegalovirus Diagnosis Dithiothreitol Enterovirus Freezing Fungi Haemophilus influenzae Haemophilus influenzae type b Homo sapiens Human Metapneumovirus Influenza Klebsiella pneumoniae Lanugo Legionella Lung Moraxella catarrhalis Mucus Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Mycoplasma pneumoniae Neoplasm Metastasis NL63, Human Coronavirus Normal Saline Nucleic Acids Para-Influenza Virus Type 1 Parechovirus Pathogenicity Plasmids Pleura Pneumocystis jiroveci Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Respiratory Rate Respiratory Syncytial Virus Rhinovirus Saline Solution Salmonella Sputum, Induced Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pneumoniae Technique, Dilution Virus
2
Pediatric Acute Otitis Media Microbiology
A total of 165 children were enrolled in a prospective study of AOM, July 2006 to July 2008. The children ranged from 6 months to 36 months of age. Written consent was obtained from all the parents or guardians before sample collection. Tympanocenteses were performed in 97 children with AOM producing 170 MEFs. Children with recurrent AOM underwent repeat tympanocentesis. MEF samples varied in quantity of material obtained from 50 to 250 μL; the entire sample was added to 1 mL of phosphate buffered saline. Otitis media with effusion patient samples were not collected in the study. S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis were identified using CLSI standard culture methods. In addition, nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal samples were obtained from the 97 children with AOM at the time of the AOM visit and again 3 weeks later (194 child visits). Nasopharyngeal samples were obtained with a dacron-tipped wire swab inserted midway into the nasal canal below the inferior turbinate. Oropharyngeal cultures were obtained by rubbing both tonsils and the posterior pharynx. The details of the sample processing are given elsewhere.23 After immediate culture plating, the remainder of the MEF, nasopharyngeal, and oropharyngeal samples were stored at −80°C for later analysis in batches.
Kaur R., Adlowitz D.G., Casey J.R., Zeng M, & Pichichero M.E. (2010). Simultaneous Assay for Four Bacterial Species Including Alloiococcus otitidis Using Multiplex-PCR in Children With Culture Negative Acute Otitis Media. The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 29(8), 741-745.
Publication 2010
Child Culture Techniques Dacron Haemophilus influenzae Legal Guardians Moraxella catarrhalis Nasopharynx Oropharynxs Otitis Media with Effusion Palatine Tonsil Parent Patients Pharynx Phosphates Pulp Canals Saline Solution Specimen Collection Streptococcus pneumoniae Turbinates Tympanocentesis Tympanostomy
3
Automated Colony Counting of Respiratory Pathogens
A total of 7 clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae were selected from two nationwide surveillance programs collecting nasopharyngeal and invasive isolates [3] (link), [4] (link). Additionally, a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and ATCC strain 25238 of Moraxella catarrhalis were used for validation of the automated colony counter (one isolate for each species). For liquid culture all isolates were grown in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth, supplemented with 5% fetal calf serum (FCS) for S. pneumoniae. For culture on solid media, S. pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were grown on CSBA plates and Moraxella catarrhalis on BHI plates. All agar plates were produced in house. Strains were grown at 37°C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere. For counting experiments strains were grown in liquid medium to an OD 600 nm 0.3–0.4. Ten-fold serial dilutions of culture were made in phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) and 100 µl of dilutions (usually of 10−4 to 10−7) were plated out on agar plates using glass inoculators and a small rotating disk. Plates were incubated at 37°C overnight in a 5% CO2 atmosphere before counting of colonies.
Brugger S.D., Baumberger C., Jost M., Jenni W., Brugger U, & Mühlemann K. (2012). Automated Counting of Bacterial Colony Forming Units on Agar Plates. PLoS ONE, 7(3), e33695.
Publication 2012
Agar Atmosphere Brain Fetal Bovine Serum Heart Moraxella catarrhalis Nasopharynx Phosphates Pneumonia Pseudomonas aeruginosa Saline Solution Strains Streptococcus pneumoniae Technique, Dilution
4
Bacterial Species Specificity Testing for PCR Assays
The PCR assays were also conducted on a panel of reference isolates of common respiratory bacterial species to determine their broader specificity. The following species were included: H. influenzae, H. haemolyticus, H. parahaemolyticus, H. parainfluenzae, H. aphrophilus, P. multocida, N. meningitidis, P. aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus. Reference strains were sourced from either Microbiologics (Minnesota, USA) or locally from the culture collection at the Menzies School of Health Research (Northern Territory, Australia) as shown in Table 3.
Binks M.J., Temple B., Kirkham L.A., Wiertsema S.P., Dunne E.M., Richmond P.C., Marsh R.L., Leach A.J, & Smith-Vaughan H.C. (2012). Molecular Surveillance of True Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: An Evaluation of PCR Screening Assays. PLoS ONE, 7(3), e34083.
Publication 2012
Bacteria Biological Assay Haemophilus influenzae Haemophilus parainfluenzae Klebsiella Moraxella catarrhalis Neisseria meningitidis Pasteurella multocida Pneumonia Pseudomonas aeruginosa Respiratory Rate Staphylococcus aureus Strains Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pyogenes
5
Bacterial Identification from Nasopharyngeal Swabs
The nasopharyngeal swabs were plated onto a 5% sheep blood agar plate, a 5% sheep blood agar plate with 5 mg/L gentamicin, a chocolate agar plate and a Haemophilus chocolate agar plate. Agar plates were incubated at 35°C for 48 h; the blood agar plate aerobically, the blood agar plate with gentamicin and the chocolate agar plates with raised CO2. Identification of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis and S. aureus was based on colony morphology and conventional methods of determination.
Bogaert D., Keijser B., Huse S., Rossen J., Veenhoven R., van Gils E., Bruin J., Montijn R., Bonten M, & Sanders E. (2011). Variability and Diversity of Nasopharyngeal Microbiota in Children: A Metagenomic Analysis. PLoS ONE, 6(2), e17035.
Publication 2011
Agar Blood Cacao Gentamicin Haemophilus influenzae Hemophilus Moraxella catarrhalis Nasopharynx Pulmonal S Sheep Staphylococcus aureus

Most recents protocols related to «Moraxella catarrhalis»

1
Translocation of Surface Lipoproteins in E. coli
Not available on PMC !

Example 6

TbpB and NMB0313 genes were amplified from the genome of Neisseria meningitidis serotype B strain B16B6. The LbpB gene was amplified from Neisseria meningitidis serotype B strain MC58. Full length TbpB was inserted into Multiple Cloning Site 2 of pETDuet using restriction free cloning ((F van den Ent, J. Löwe, Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods (Jan. 1, 2006)).). NMB0313 was inserted into pET26, where the native signal peptide was replaced by that of pelB. Mutations and truncations were performed on these vectors using site directed mutagenesis and restriction free cloning, respectively. Pairs of vectors were transformed into E. coli C43 and were grown overnight in LB agar plates supplemented with kanamycin (50 μg/mL) and ampicillin (100 μg/mL).

tbpB genes were amplified from the genomes of M. catarrhalis strain 035E and H. influenzae strain 86-028NP and cloned into the pET52b plasmid by restriction free cloning as above. The corresponding SLAMs (M. catarrhalis SLAM 1, H. influenzae SLAM1) were inserted into pET26b also using restriction free cloning. A 6His-tag was inserted between the pelB and the mature SLAM sequences as above. Vectors were transformed into E. coli C43 as above.

Cells were harvested by centrifugation at 4000 g and were twice washed with 1 mL PBS to remove any remaining growth media. Cells were then incubated with either 0.05-0.1 mg/mL biotinylated human transferrin (Sigma-aldrich T3915-5 MG), α-TbpB (1:200 dilution from rabbit serum for M. catarrhalis and H. influenzae; 1:10000 dilution from rabbit serum for N. meningitidis), or α-LbpB (1:10000 dilution from rabbit serum-obtained a gift from J. Lemieux) or α-fHbp (1:5000 dilution from mouse, a gift from D. Granoff) for 1.5 hours at 4° C., followed by two washes with 1 mL of PBS. The cells were then incubated with R-Phycoerythrin-conjugated Streptavidin (0.5 mg/ml Cedarlane) or R-phycoerythrin conjugated Anti-rabbit IgG (Stock 0.5 mg/ml Rockland) at 25 ug/mL for 1.5 hours at 4° C. The cells were then washed with 1 mL PBS and resuspended in 200 uL fixing solution (PBS+2% formaldehyde) and left for 20 minutes. Finally, cells were washed with 2×1 mL PBS and transferred to 5 mL polystyrene FACS tubes. The PE fluorescence of each sample was measured for PE fluorescence using a Becton Dickinson FACSCalibur. The results were analyzed using FLOWJO software and were presented as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) for each sample. For N. meningtidis experiments, all samples were compared to wildtype strains by normalizing wildtype fluorescent signals to 100%. Errors bars represent the standard error of the mean (SEM) across three experiments. Results were plotted statistically analysed using GraphPad Prism 5 software. The results shown in FIG. 6 for the SLPs, TbpB (FIG. 6A), LbpB. (FIG. 6B) and fHbp (FIG. 6C) demonstrate that SLAM effects translocation of all three SLP polypeptides in E. coli. The results shown in FIG. 10 demonstrate that translocation of TbpB from M. catarrhalis (FIG. 10C) and in H. influenzae (FIG. 10D) in E. coli require the co-expression of the required SLAM protein (Slam is an outer membrane protein that is required for the surface display of lipidated virulence factors in Neisseria. Hooda Y, Lai C C, Judd A, Buckwalter C M, Shin H E, Gray-Owen S D, Moraes T F. Nat Microbiol. 2016 Feb. 29; 1:16009).

US11872275B2. SLAM polynucleotides and polypeptides and uses thereof (2024-01-16). ENGINEERED ANTIGENS INC. [CA]. Inventors: Trevor F. Moraes [CA], Christine Chieh-Lin Lai [CA], Yogesh Hooda [CA], Andrew Judd [CA], Anthony B. Schryvers [CA], Scott D. Gray-Owen [CA].
Patent 2024
ADRB2 protein, human Agar Ampicillin anti-IgG Cells Centrifugation Cloning Vectors Culture Media Escherichia coli Fluorescence Formaldehyde Genes Genome Haemophilus influenzae Homo sapiens Kanamycin Lipoproteins Membrane Proteins Moraxella catarrhalis Mus Mutagenesis, Site-Directed Mutation Neisseria Neisseria meningitidis Phycoerythrin Plasmids Polypeptides Polystyrenes prisma Rabbits Serum Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family Member 1 Signal Peptides Strains Streptavidin Technique, Dilution Transferrin Translocation, Chromosomal Virulence Factors
2
Multiplex RT-PCR for Respiratory Pathogens Screening

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Open the protocol to access the free full text link

Publication 2023
Adenoviruses Bacteria Biological Assay Buffers Coronavirus COVID 19 Enzymes Fungi Haemophilus influenzae Influenza Klebsiella pneumoniae Moraxella catarrhalis Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Mycoplasma pneumoniae Nucleic Acids Oligonucleotide Primers Parainfluenza Pathogenicity Patients Pneumocystis jiroveci Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Respiratory Rate Rhinovirus Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pneumoniae Virus
3
Standardized Bacterial Strains for Infection Studies
The standard bacterial strains used in this study included Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606, Moraxella catarrhalis ATCC 25238, Legionella pneumophila ATCC 33152, Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 49247, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603, Proteus mirabilis CMCC 49005, and Streptococcus agalactiae CICC 10465. H. influenzae ATCC 49247 was overnight cultured on chocolate agar plates under 5% CO2, and other strains were overnight cultured on blood agar plates.
The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and urine samples submitted to the clinical microbiology laboratory of Guangzhou First People's Hospital were processed for routine testing, including Gram‐staining, quantitative bacterial culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Remnant BALF and urine samples were stored at −80 °C within 24 h of collection. All sample collections were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Guangzhou First People's Hospital (IRB: K‐2021‐127‐01 and K‐2021‐057‐01) and the study was conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines. BALF samples with colony counts more than 104 CFU·mL−1 and urine samples with colony counts more than 105 CFU·mL−1 were deemed significant infection, and those with lower colony counts were assumed to be contamination or colonization.[37, 38, 39]
Cai D., Wang Y., Zou J., Li Z., Huang E., Ouyang X., Que Z., Luo Y., Chen Z., Jiang Y., Zhang G., Wu H, & Liu D. (2023). Droplet Encoding‐Pairing Enabled Multiplexed Digital Loop‐Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Simultaneous Quantitative Detection of Multiple Pathogens. Advanced Science, 10(7), 2205863.
Publication 2023
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus Agar Bacteria Blood Culture Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Cacao Enterococcus faecalis Escherichia coli Ethics Committees, Clinical Haemophilus influenzae Infection Klebsiella pneumoniae Legionella pneumophila MCC protocol Microbicides Moraxella catarrhalis Proteus mirabilis Pseudomonas aeruginosa Specimen Collection Staphylococcus aureus Infection Strains Streptococcus agalactiae Streptococcus pneumoniae Susceptibility, Disease Urine
4
Categorizing Causative Agents of Community-Acquired Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Detected microorganisms were classified into four groups:

Common pathogens of CA-LRTI (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis);

Possible pathogens of CA-LRTI (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and S. aureus);

Unlikely pathogens of CA-LRTI (Enterobacterales, Enterococcus sp., Neisseria meningitidis, S. maltophila, Streptococcus agalactiae, and yeast);

Upper airway microbiota.

Respiratory pathogens classified as ‘common pathogens’ represent the most predominant etiologies of CA-LRTI [24 (link),25 (link),26 (link),27 (link),28 (link)]. ‘Possible pathogens’ may cause CA-LRTI, especially in patients with underlying respiratory diseases, but more often represent colonization [29 ]. ‘Unlikely pathogens’ represents pathogens that rarely cause CA-LRTI and usually originate from upper airway colonization [17 (link),28 (link)].
Cartuliares M.B., Skjøt-Arkil H., Mogensen C.B., Skovsted T.A., Andersen S.L., Pedersen A.K, & Rosenvinge F.S. (2023). Gram Stain and Culture of Sputum Samples Detect Only Few Pathogens in Community-Acquired Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Diagnostics, 13(4), 628.
Publication 2023
Enterococcus Haemophilus influenzae Microbial Community Moraxella catarrhalis Neisseria meningitidis pathogenesis Patients Pseudomonas aeruginosa Respiration Disorders Respiratory Rate Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus agalactiae Streptococcus pneumoniae Yeasts
5
AQUA Cloning of uspA2 in E. coli
E. coli Top10 competent cells were used for plasmid construction and propagation. The uspA2 gene of M. catarrhalis Bc5 (GenBank number: AGH27427.1) was amplified from its genomic DNA by colony-PCR using Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase (New England Biolabs (NEB), Ipswich, MA, USA). The primers (Table S1) were designed with overhangs complementary to the pASK-IBA2 plasmid (IBA BioTAGnology, Göttingen, Germany) for subsequent annealing during AQUA (advanced quick assembly) cloning [31 (link)]. Plasmid pASK-IBA2 was linearized by PCR, also with Phusion High-Fidelity DNA Polymerase and the respective primers. Upon PCR cleanup, the plasmid template was digested with DpnI (NEB) restriction endonuclease for 30 min at 37 °C in Cutsmart buffer (NEB). Thereafter, DpnI was inactivated by incubation at 80 °C for 10 min. Figure S1 shows a simple scheme illustrating the steps involved in AQUA. Successful cloning was verified by colony PCR and sequencing (Eurofins Genomics, Ebersberg, Germany). Finally, the resulting plasmid pASK-IBA2_UspA2 was propagated in E. coli BL21 (DE3) (NZYTech, Lisbon, Portugal) for protein expression and for use in subsequent experiments. This strain will simply be referred as E. coli UspA2 from now on. E. coli BL21 (DE3) carrying the empty plasmid pASK-IBA2 used as a negative control in experiments will be referred to as E. coli IBA.
Sande M.G., Ferreira D., Rodrigues J.L., Melo L.D., Saragliadis A., Linke D., Moreira F.T., Sales M.G, & Rodrigues L.R. (2023). Aptasensor for the Detection of Moraxella catarrhalis Adhesin UspA2. Bioengineering, 10(2), 178.
Publication 2023
Buffers Cells DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase DNA Restriction Enzymes Escherichia coli Genes Genome Moraxella catarrhalis Oligonucleotide Primers Plasmids Proteins Strains

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Moraxella catarrhalis by American Type Culture Collection
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Moraxella catarrhalis is a species of Gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that can be cultured and studied using laboratory equipment. The species is commonly found in the upper respiratory tract of humans.
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More about "Moraxella catarrhalis"

Moraxella catarrhalis is a Gram-negative bacterium that commonly colonizes the upper respiratory tract in humans.
It is a leading cause of otitis media (middle ear infection), sinusitis, and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
This pathogen can also cause pneumonia, bacteremia (bloodstream infection), and other invasive infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
Research into effective diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies for Moraxella catarrhalis infections is an important area of study.
Closely related bacteria like Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis are also significant contributors to respiratory and invasive infections.
Accurate and reproducible studies on Moraxella catarrhalis are crucial for advancing our understanding and improving patient outcomes.
Researchers can utilize tools like the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit and Amicon Ultra to isolate and purify DNA from Moraxella samples, while culturing the bacteria on BHI (brain-heart infusion) agar.
PubCompare.ai can enhance Moraxella catarrhalis research by helping locate the most relevant protocols from literature, preprints, and patents.
The platform also provides accurate comparisons to identify the best methods and products, improving reproducibility and accuracy in Moraxella catarrhalis studies.
With PubCompare.ai, researchers can stay up-to-date with the latest advancements and make more informed decisions in their work on this important respiratory pathogen.