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Pannus

Pannus is a term used to describe the abnormal growth of tissue, typically over the surface of the eye.
This condition can result in vision impairment and is often associated with inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis or autoimmune diseases.
Pannus is characterized by the formation of vascular, fibrovascular, or granulation tissue over the cornea, which can lead to corneal scarring and opacification.
Early detection and management of pannus are crucial to preserve vision and prevent further complications.
Researchers can utilize PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform to easily locate protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, and leverage advanced AI comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for their pannus research.
This powerful tool can enhance reproducibility and accuracy, promoting advances in the understanding and treatment of this ocular condition.

Most cited protocols related to «Pannus»

1
Histological Evaluation of Cartilage Plugs
For histological examination, the specimens were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for 7 days, decalcified with 0.25 mol/l EDTA in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4), dehydrated in graded ethanol, and embedded in paraffin wax. Sagittal sections (6 μm thick) were then cut, stained with safranin-O/fast green and haematoxylin and eosin, and examined microscopically. All sections were observed and evaluated by three authors. Histological evaluation of plug cartilage was performed using the modified Mankin's score [38 (link)] (original score proposed by Mankin and coworkers [39 (link)]). The grading system was composed of four categories – cartilage structure (6 points), cartilage cells (3 points), staining (4 points) and tidemark integrity (2 points) – with a highest score of 14 points; normal cartilage scored 0 (Table 1) [38 (link)]. When we observed newly formed tissue that covered the plug cartilage, the finding was counted as 'pannus and surface irregularities' (2 points).
Kuroki H., Nakagawa Y., Mori K., Ohba M., Suzuki T., Mizuno Y., Ando K., Takenaka M., Ikeuchi K, & Nakamura T. (2004). Acoustic stiffness and change in plug cartilage over time after autologous osteochondral grafting: correlation between ultrasound signal intensity and histological score in a rabbit model. Arthritis Research & Therapy, 6(6), R492-R504.
Publication 2004
Cartilage Chondrocyte Edetic Acid Eosin Ethanol Fast Green Formalin Hematoxylin Pannus Paraffin Phosphates safranine T Saline Solution Tissues
2
Anti-GPI Serum-Induced Arthritis Model
K/BxN mice were generated and anti-GPI serum collected at 8-9 weeks of age as described (11 (link)). Arthritis was induced in 7-16 week old of Fasf/f, LyzMcre mice and age/gender matched controls employing 100 μl anti-GPI serum administrated intraperitoneally on day 0. The development of arthritis was assessed by measuring hind ankle swelling (width) using a caliper and grading the clinical index of all 4 paws/ankles on a scale of 0-3 (maximum =12) according to published methods (12 (link), 13 (link)). Arthritis was evaluated between day 0 to 11 post induction.
Ankles were harvested at day 11 for histological analysis, cytokine/chemokine quantification, and immunophenotyping by flow cytometry. For histology, ankles were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and then incubated in EDTA decalcification buffer for 2 weeks, embedded in paraffin, and then 4 μm sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). H&E ankle sections were evaluated by a blinded observer for inflammation (0-5), bone erosion (0-5), pannus formation (0-5) and median synovial lining thickness, neutrophil infiltration, and cartilage destruction, as previously described (13 (link)-15 (link)).
For quantification of cytokines and chemokines, ankles were homogenized in PBS containing 1x of a proteinase inhibitor cocktail and supernatants collected by centrifugation as described (12 (link)). Levels of IL-1β, IL-10, IL-6 and CXCL5 were determined by ELISA (DuoSets, R&D, Minneapolis, MN) following manufacturer’s instructions. Gp96 concentrations were determined by a mouse gp96 ELISA, as previously described (12 (link), 16 (link)). The concentration of each protein was adjusted to mg of total ankle homogenate protein determined by BCA protein assay reagents (Thermo scientific, Rockford IL).
To further analyze the cells infiltrating the joints, tibias and paws were dissected, carefully removing muscle without opening the bone, employing an established protocol (17 (link)). The intact tibias and paws, with the ankles and knees opened, were incubated in 1 mg/ml collagenase in PBS buffer for 1 hour. The cells eluted from the knee and ankle joints were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry.
Huang Q.Q., Birkett R., Koessler R.E., Cuda C.M., Kenneth Haines G., Jin J.P., Perlman H, & Pope R.M. (2014). Fas Signaling in Macrophages Promotes Chronicity in K/BxN Serum Transfer Induced Arthritis. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 66(1), 68-77.
Publication 2014
Ankle Arthritis aspergillopepsin II Biological Assay Bones Buffers Cartilage Cells Centrifugation Chemokine Collagenase CXCL5 protein, human Cytokine Edetic Acid Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Eosin Flow Cytometry Formalin Hematoxylin IL10 protein, human Inflammation Interleukin-1 beta Joints Joints, Ankle Knee Knee Joint Mus Muscle Tissue Neutrophil Infiltration Pannus Paraffin Embedding Protease Inhibitors Proteins Serum Tibia
3
Histological Grading of Murine Arthritis
Mice were anaesthetised by ether inhalation on day 3 (acute phase) or day 14 (chronic phase) of arthritis and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Both knee joints were removed in toto, skinned, fixed in 4.5% phosphate-buffered formalin, decalcified in EDTA, embedded in paraffin, cut into 5 μm thick frontal sections, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin for microscopic examination. Sections were examined by two independent observers (PKP and SH) and graded blindly using a semiquantitative score from 0 to 3 (0, no; 1, mild; 2, moderate; 3, severe alterations) for the extent of: synovial lining layer hyperplasia and infiltration of leukocytes into synovial membrane/joint space (both summarized as inflammation); and pannus formation and necrosis/erosion of cartilage (both summarized as destruction). The final arthritis score was evaluated for each animal by calculating the sum of the values for inflammation and destruction (maximal evaluation grade = 12) as described elsewhere [20 (link)].
Hückel M., Schurigt U., Wagner A.H., Stöckigt R., Petrow P.K., Thoss K., Gajda M., Henzgen S., Hecker M, & Bräuer R. (2005). Attenuation of murine antigen-induced arthritis by treatment with a decoy oligodeoxynucleotide inhibiting signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT-1). Arthritis Research & Therapy, 8(1), R17.
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Publication 2005
1,1'-(4,4,7,7-tetramethyl-4,7-diazaundecamethylene)bis-4-(3-methyl-2,3-dihydro(benzo-1,3-thiazole)-2-methylidene)quinolinium Animals Arthritis Cartilage Edetic Acid Eosin Ethyl Ether Formalin Hyperplasia Inflammation Inhalation Joint Dislocations Joints Knee Joint Leukocytes Mice, House Microscopy Neck Necrosis Pannus Paraffin Embedding Phosphates Synovial Membrane
4
Histological Evaluation of Arthritis Severity
Rats were sacrificed on day 28 to dissect the left hind knee joint. The joints were removed, fixed in formalin, decalcified in 10% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and embedded in paraffin for histopathological analysis. Serial paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E).
The severity of arthritis in the joint was graded from 0 to 4 according to the intensity of lining layer hyperplasia, mononuclear cell infiltration and pannus formation, as described previously (0 = normal ankle joint, 1 = normal synovium with occasional mononuclear cells, 2 = definite arthritis with a few layers of flat to rounded synovial lining cells and scattered mononuclear cells and dense infiltration with mononuclear cells, 3 = clear hyperplasia of the synovium with three or more layers of loosely arranged lining cells and dense infiltration with mononuclear cells, 4 = severe synovitis with pannus and erosion of articular cartilage and subchondral bone)22 (link).
Wu H., Chen J., Song S., Yuan P., Liu L., Zhang Y., Zhou A., Chang Y., Zhang L, & Wei W. (2016). β2-adrenoceptor signaling reduction in dendritic cells is involved in the inflammatory response in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. Scientific Reports, 6, 24548.
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Publication 2016
Arthritis Bones Cartilages, Articular Cells Edetic Acid Eosin Formalin Hyperplasia Joints Joints, Ankle Knee Joint Pannus Paraffin Paraffin Embedding Rattus norvegicus Synovial Membrane Synoviocytes Synovitis
5
Histological Assessment of Arthritis
Hindlimbs were decalcified in 0.5 M EDTA (pH 7.2) at 4°C for 4 weeks and embedded in paraffin. Sections (6 μm) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Safranin O. The severities of inflammation and cartilage damage were evaluated in a blinded manner by two independent observers using the criteria: for inflammation, 0 = normal, 1 = mild diffuse inflammatory infiltrates, 2 = moderate inflammatory infiltrates, 3 = marked inflammatory infiltrates, 4 = severe inflammation with pannus formation; for cartilage damage, 0 = normal, 1 = mild loss of Safranin O staining with no obvious chondrocyte loss, 2 = moderate loss of staining with focal mild chondrocyte loss, 3 = marked loss of staining with multifocal marked chondrocyte loss, 4 = severe diffuse loss of staining with multifocal severe chondrocyte loss. TRAP staining counterstained with methyl green was performed to visualize TRAP-positive cells. Histomorphometric measurements were performed using OsteoMeasure software (OsteoMetrics, Atlanta, GA). TRAP-positive multinucleated cells (TRAP+ MNCs) containing 3 or more nuclei were defined as osteoclasts. Eroded surface per bone surface (ES/BS) and number of osteoclasts per bone surface (N.Oc/BS) of talus were determined. The terminology and units were described according to international guidelines (31 ).
Mukai T., Gallant R., Ishida S., Kittaka M., Yoshitaka T., Fox D.A., Morita Y., Nishida K., Rottapel R, & Ueki Y. (2015). Loss of SH3BP2 function suppresses bone destruction in TNF-driven and collagen-induced arthritis mouse models. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 67(3), 656-667.
Publication 2014
Bones Cartilage Cell Nucleus Cells Chondrocyte Edetic Acid Eosin Hindlimb Inflammation Methyl Green Osteoclasts Pannus Paraffin Embedding safranine T Talus

Most recents protocols related to «Pannus»

1
Histological Evaluation of Rat Arthritis
For the study, rats were slaughtered on the 21st day after arthritis induction, and the posterior ankle joints of the right leg of four rats from each group were removed and placed in 10% buffered formalin for 48 h. Then, 10% formic acid was used to decalcify the bones. For two weeks, the solution was changed twice per week, and a surgical blade was used to determine when the decalcification process was complete. Following the decalcification process, samples were washed with phosphate buffer saline (PBS), dried with a graded series of ethanol, and embedded in paraffin wax cubes. After that, 5 mm thick sagittal slices were created and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). A blind histological examination was performed by a center for pathology including synovitis, cartilage and bone damage. Sections were classified for cartilage degeneration, bone erosion, synovial hyperplasia (pannus development), and inflammation (infiltration of mononuclear cells) using the system described by Sancho et al. [24 (link)]. Each characteristic was rated from 0 to 2, with 0 representing normal, 1 (+) representing mild inflammation, 2 (++) representing moderate inflammation, and 3 (+++) representing severe inflammation. Blood vessels, inflammatory infiltrates, articular cartilage, pannus, and menisci were found in the joint cavity space.
Belal A., Mahmoud R., Taha M., Halfaya F.M., Hassaballa A., Elbanna E.S., Khaled E., Farghali A., Abo El-Ela F.I., Mahgoub S.M., Ghoneim M.M, & Zaky M.Y. (2023). Therapeutic Potential of Zeolites/Vitamin B12 Nanocomposite on Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis as a Bone Disorder: In Vivo Study and Bio-Molecular Investigations. Pharmaceuticals, 16(2), 285.
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Publication 2023
Arthritis Blindness Blood Vessel Bones Buffers Cartilage Cartilages, Articular Cells Cuboid Bone Dental Caries Eosin Ethanol Formalin formic acid Hyperplasia Inflammation Joints Joints, Ankle Meniscus Operative Surgical Procedures Pannus Paraffin Embedding Phosphates Rattus norvegicus Saline Solution Synovitis
2
Histological Assessment of Knee OA
The paraffin blocks were sagittally sectioned through the medial femoral condyle and the sections were then stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), toluidine blue (TB), and Safranin O and fast green (SOFG) solution (Solarbio, Shanghai, China) respectively. The level of cartilage deterioration and severity of knee OA were determined using the OA Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system containing six OA grades and four OA stages and ranging from 0 to 24, and the modified Mankin criteria ranging from 0 to 14 [27 (link),28 (link)]. Synovitis was assessed by HE staining using a modified scoring system, which focused on the pannus formation (score range 0–3), synovial membrane thickening (score range 0–3), and sub-synovial inflammation (score range 0–3) [29 (link)]. The bone volume to tissue volume (BV/TV) ratio, measured using microCT, was used as an index to assess the quality of subchondral bone, while the bone area to tissue area (Ba/Ta) ratio, calculated on two-dimensional slides in histomorphometry, was used as reference [30 (link)]. Image J software was used to calculate the ratio of trabecular bone area and tissue area. All the evaluations were independently performed by two researchers.
Huang L., Jin M., Gu R., Xiao K., Lu M., Huo X., Sun M., Yang Z., Wang Z., Zhang W., Zhi L., Meng Z., Ma J., Ma J, & Zhang R. (2023). miR-199a-5p Reduces Chondrocyte Hypertrophy and Attenuates Osteoarthritis Progression via the Indian Hedgehog Signal Pathway. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(4), 1313.
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Publication 2023
Bones Bone Tissue Cancellous Bone Cartilage Condyle Eosin Fast Green Femur Hematoxylin Inflammation Knee Pannus Paraffin safranine T Synovitis Tissue, Membrane Tissues Tolonium Chloride X-Ray Microtomography
3
Evaluating Bioprosthetic Valve Deterioration
Clinical evaluation, medical history, blood sample data, and transthoracic echocardiography results were collected prospectively by a detailed review of medical records in a blinded fashion by investigators. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated according to the respective guidelines. In the present study, patients were followed up for the occurrence of BVD. BVD was detected by clinical hemodynamic valve deterioration (HVD) using a transthoracic echocardiogram, which was defined as an elevated mean transprosthetic gradient (≥30 mm Hg) or at least moderate intraprosthetic regurgitation.10, 11 Morphological valve leaflet abnormalities, which include thickening and calcification, were also evaluated. To focus on structural valve deterioration related to BVD, worsening prosthetic regurgitation, increased mean gradient attributable to thrombosis or pannus on a leaflet, or infective endocarditis or periprosthetic regurgitation were not classified as HVD. The date of the first detection of HVD was included in the final analysis to determine the occurrence of HVD development.
Kanaji Y., Ozcan I., Toya T., Gulati R., Young M., Kakuta T., Lerman L.O, & Lerman A. (2023). Circulating Progenitor Cells Are Associated With Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Deterioration: A Preliminary Study. Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease, 12(2), e027364.
Publication 2023
BLOOD Calcinosis Clinical Deterioration Congenital Abnormality Echocardiography Hemodynamics Infective Endocarditis Pannus Patients Thrombosis
4
Comprehensive Imaging and Histological Scoring of Rat Hind Paws
Healthy rats and rats from the CIA trials were euthanized after 21 d of treatment, and their hind paws were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. One paw from each rat was imaged in the Optical Imaging & Vital Microscopy Core at Baylor College of Medicine by Micro-CT using a Bruker SkyScan 1272 Scanner set at 13 µm resolution with no filtering, no averaging, and a rotation step of 0.3. Raw images were analyzed with CTvox (Bruker, MA, US). The other hind paw was decalcified, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned by the Pathology & Histology Core at Baylor College of Medicine. Slides were stained with either hematoxylin and eosin or safranin O/fast green and imaged at 4× magnification on a Nikon Ci-L bright-field microscope (Nikon Inc.) in the Integrated Microscopy Core at Baylor College of Medicine. Scoring of the slides was completed by an investigator blinded to treatment groups using a comprehensive histological scoring system as described elsewhere (54 , 62 (link)), in which cartilage degradation, cartilage erosion, angiogenesis, pannus formation, synovial hyperplasia, and synovial inflammation were evaluated by the following criteria: synovial inflammation: five high-power magnification fields (HMF) were scored for the percentage of infiltrating mononuclear cells (MNC) as follows: 0 = absent, 1 = mild (1 to 10%), 2= moderate (11 to 50%), and 3 = severe (51 to 100%); cartilage erosion and degradation: 0 = absent, 1 = mild (1 to 10%), 2= moderate (11 to 50%), and 3 = severe (51 to 100%); synovial hyperplasia: 0 = absent, 1 = mild (5 to 10 layers), 2 = moderate (11 to 20 layers), and 3 = severe (>20 layers); angiogenesis: the number of vessels was counted in five HMF of synovial tissue, and the mean was used for analyses; extension of pannus formation was based on the reader’s impression (62 (link)).
Wang Y., Zhu D., Ortiz-Velez L.C., Perry J.L., Pennington M.W., Hyser J.M., Britton R.A, & Beeton C. (2023). A bioengineered probiotic for the oral delivery of a peptide Kv1.3 channel blocker to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 120(2), e2211977120.
Publication 2023
angiogen Blood Vessel Cartilage Cells Eosin Fast Green Formalin Hyperplasia Inflammation Light Microscopy Microscopy Pannus Paraffin Embedding Pharmaceutical Preparations safranine T Synovial Membrane X-Ray Microtomography
5
Rat Knee Osteoarthritis and Synovitis Assessment
Knee joints were isolated from rat and fixed with 4% formaldehyde. Calcium in the knee joints was removed using a decalcifying solution for 28 days. At last, the knee joints were embedded in paraffin and coronally sectioned. The sections were stained with safranin O-fast green or hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) and scored according to the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system to determine the extent of cartilage deterioration (McAlindon 2012 (link)). Grade 0 was for intact surface and cartilage; Grade 1 for intact surface only; Grade 2 for surface discontinuity, Grade 3 for vertical fissures; Grade 4 for erosion, Grade 5 for denudation and Grade 6 for deformation.
Histopathological assessment of synovitis was evaluated by enlargement of the synovial lining cell layer and density of the cells. The total synovitis scores were assessed as in the previous study (Lewis et al. 2011 ). Enlargement of the synovial lining cell layer: 0 Point: Thickness 1–2 cells; 1 Point: Thickness 2–4 cells; 2 Points: Thickness 4–9 cells; 3 points: Thickness ≥ 10 cells. Density of the cells: 0 Point: Synovial stroma shows normal cellularity; 1 Point: Cellularity is slightly increased; 2 Points: Cellularity is moderately increased; 3 Points: Cellularity is greatly increased, pannus formation and rheumatoid-like granulomas might occur.
Immunohistochemistry was conducted with anti-IL-6 (1:100, Abmart, PY6087), anti-MMP-3 (1:50, Abcam, ab52915), anti-MMP-13 (1:200, Proteintech, 18165-1), anti-ADAMTS-5 (1:1000, Abmart, TD13268), anti-aggrecan (1:500, Servicebio, GB11373) and anti-collagen-II (1:100, Servicebio, GB11021).
Zhuang H., Ren X., Jiang F, & Zhou P. (2023). Indole-3-propionic acid alleviates chondrocytes inflammation and osteoarthritis via the AhR/NF-κB axis. Molecular Medicine, 29, 17.
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Publication 2023
Aggrecans Calcium Cartilage Cell Enlargement Cells Collagen Degenerative Arthritides Eosin Fast Green Formaldehyde Granuloma Hematoxylin Immunohistochemistry Knee Joint Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 MMP13 protein, human Pannus Paraffin Embedding safranine T Synovitis

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More about "Pannus"

Pannus is a term used to describe the abnormal growth of tissue, typically over the surface of the eye.
This ocular condition, also known as corneal pannus, can result in vision impairment and is often associated with inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis or autoimmune diseases.
The formation of vascular, fibrovascular, or granulation tissue over the cornea can lead to corneal scarring and opacification, compromising visual acuity.
Early detection and proper management of pannus are crucial to preserve vision and prevent further complications.
Researchers can utilize PubCompare.ai's AI-driven platform to easily locate relevant protocols from literature, pre-prints, and patents, and leverage advanced AI comparisons to identify the best protocols and products for their pannus research.
This powerful tool can enhance reproducibility and accuracy, promoting advancements in the understanding and treatment of this ocular condition.
Researchers may also find it useful to explore related techniques and tools, such as the Axioplan 2 microscope, Toluidine blue staining, Goat anti-HRP polymer kits, Imager M2 imaging systems, Rat anti-mouse F4/80 antibodies, Safranine O-Fast Green staining, Hematoxylin and eosin, QDR Discovery systems, and Weigert's iron hematoxylin, among others, to further enhance their pannus research and investigation.
By leveraging these resources and techniques, researchers can gain deeper insights into the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of pannus, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes.