Log In Sign up
The largest database of trusted experimental protocols
> Living Beings > Eukaryote > Ascidiacea

Ascidiacea

Ascidiacea, also known as sea squirts, are a class of marine invertebrate animals that belong to the phylum Chordata.
These sessile, filter-feeding organisms are found in a variety of marine habitats, from shallow coastal waters to the deep ocean.
Ascidians play a crucial role in the ecosystem, serving as important components of benthic communities and contributing to the cycling of nutrients and energy.
Their unique anatomy, complex life cycles, and potential applications in fields such as regenerative medicine and biofuels have made them a subject of significant scientific interest.
Researchers studying Ascidiacea can now leverage the power of PubCompare.ai, a leading AI-driven platform, to optimize their research by accessing the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents using advanced search and comparison tools.
PubCompare.ai's AI-driven analysis ensures reproducibility and accuracy in findings, enhancing research efficacy and advancing the understanding of this fascinating group of marine organisms.

Most cited protocols related to «Ascidiacea»

1
Microinjection of mRNA into Ascidians and Zebrafish
Microinjections of mRNA in ascidians were carried out as previously described [25] (link). All synthetic mRNA were transcribed with mMachine kit (Ambion). Approximately 30pl of solution at 20 ng/µl were injected per ascidian egg. Fertilized zebrafish eggs were injected manually at the one cell stage, with injection solutions containing 1% phenol red and the specified plasmids at 25 ng/µl. Injected embryos were kept at 28°C and collected for expression analysis at 30 h post fertilization. GFP constructs injected embryos were analysed live under an epifluorescence microscope. lacZ construct injected embryos were fixed and X-gal stained as described previously [45] (link).
Roure A., Rothbächer U., Robin F., Kalmar E., Ferone G., Lamy C., Missero C., Mueller F, & Lemaire P. (2007). A Multicassette Gateway Vector Set for High Throughput and Comparative Analyses in Ciona and Vertebrate Embryos. PLoS ONE, 2(9), e916.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2007
5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-galactoside Ascidiacea Cells Embryo Fertilization LacZ Genes Microinjections Microscopy Plasmids RNA, Messenger Zebrafish Zygote
2
Colonial Life Cycle of Botryllus schlosseri
The ascidian Botryllus schlosseri (family Styelidae, order Stolidobranchiata) forms colonies composed of several zooids embedded in a common tunic (Figs. 2, 3). In adult zooids mature eggs ovulate and move into the peribranchial chamber, where they are fertilized by the sperm of another colony. Zooids are sequentially hermaphroditic, i.e. testes mature later than eggs so self-fertilization is usually prevented. Embryos develop in the peribranchial chamber and are held in situ by a placental cup (Fig. 2). After about a week of gestation (20°C; [46] ), a swimming tadpole larvae is released through the atrial aperture of the parental zooid. Within 36–48 hours, the anterior papillae adheres to a suitable substrate, resorbs the tail, and metamorphoses into a fully functional oozooid, approximately 0.5 mm in length. Through blastogenesis, the oozooid, which represents the founder individual (Fig. 2), generates a colony composed of zooids, all of which share the same genotype, and are in fact clones.
In a colony, three blastogenetic generations usually coexist: the adult zooids, their buds, also called primary buds, and the budlets, or secondary buds, sprouting from the primary buds. The development of buds and budlets is highly synchronized within the colony (Fig. 3): during the stage referred to as take-over, all adults are synchronously resorbed and replaced by primary buds, while secondary buds become primary buds and give rise to a new budlet generation [14] (link). This cyclical colonial phase represents the generation change. During take-over old zooids contract and undergo massive, diffuse apoptosis of their tissues [38] (link). The blastogenetic cycle starts with the opening of the siphons of the new adult zooids and ends with the conclusion of the take-over phase, when the next blastogenetic generation reaches functional maturity. This time interval, in which buds and budlets gradually grow, takes approximately one week at 18–19°C [6] , [64] .
Manni L., Gasparini F., Hotta K., Ishizuka K.J., Ricci L., Tiozzo S., Voskoboynik A, & Dauga D. (2014). Ontology for the Asexual Development and Anatomy of the Colonial Chordate Botryllus schlosseri. PLoS ONE, 9(5), e96434.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2014
Adult Apoptosis ARID1A protein, human Ascidiacea Biological Metamorphosis Clone Cells Eggs Embryo Genotype Heart Atrium Hermaphroditism Larva Lymphocyte Activation Ovulation Parent Placenta Pregnancy Self-Fertilization Sperm Tadpole Tail Testis Tissues
3
Tunicate Mitochondrial Phylogenomics
The sequences of the 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes for the 20 available tunicate species, including the six new species obtained in this study, were recovered from the whole mitogenomic sequences. Following the taxonomic sampling of Singh et al. (2009) (link), the sequences of 17 non-tunicate deuterostomes were added to the data set to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships. The tree was rooted using a protostome (i.e., the mollusk Haliotis rubra) as an outgroup.
Given the wide taxonomic scale of our sampling and the high evolutionary rate of the ascidian mt genomes, phylogenetic inference at the nucleotide level would be inadequate because of saturation and erosion of the evolutionary signal due to multiple substitutions (see saturation analysis in supplementary file S1, Supplementary Material online). Therefore, we performed analyses at the amino-acid level to attenuate the saturation problem. The sequences of each independent gene were aligned and translated using MACSE version 0.9_beta1 (Ranwez et al. 2011 (link)), which allows the use of different genetic codes while respecting the open reading frames. Subsequently, ambiguous regions of the protein sequence alignments were filtered using TrimAl v1.4rev7 (Capella-Gutiérrez et al. 2009 (link)) under the parameters set in the automated1 option. This yielded a total of 3,038 unequivocally aligned amino acid sites, which were used as input for the Bayesian phylogenetic inference. Sequence alignments are available in the Dryad repository: doi:10.5061/dryad.ph920.
Bayesian phylogenetic analyses were performed with Phylobayes 3.3b (Lartillot et al. 2009 (link)) under the CAT + GTR + Γ model. The site-heterogeneous CAT mixture model (Lartillot and Philippe 2004 (link)) accounts for site-specific amino acid replacement preferences, making it well suited for phylogenomic studies. Four Markov chains Monte Carlo (MCMC) were run and sampled every 10 cycles. Convergence of the chains was monitored through the evolution of the likelihood and model parameters across generations using GNUPLOT (http://www.gnuplot.info/, last accessed June 14, 2013) and confirmed with the bpcomp utility included in Phylobayes. Specifically, each chain was stopped after sampling more than 9,000 trees, that is, when the maximum difference in posterior probability for a given node, as estimated by the 4 independent MCMCs, reached less than 0.1, which is the advised value for a correct convergence. The first 1,000 trees of each MCMC were treated as the burn-in step and thus excluded, and the majority-rule consensus tree was computed from the remaining 4 × 8,000 = 32,000 combined trees. We also verified that for each run the parameters “rel_diff” were less than 0.1 and “effsize” were higher than 100.
Rubinstein N.D., Feldstein T., Shenkar N., Botero-Castro F., Griggio F., Mastrototaro F., Delsuc F., Douzery E.J., Gissi C, & Huchon D. (2013). Deep Sequencing of Mixed Total DNA without Barcodes Allows Efficient Assembly of Highly Plastic Ascidian Mitochondrial Genomes. Genome Biology and Evolution, 5(6), 1185-1199.
Publication 2013
Amino Acids Ascidiacea Biological Evolution Genes Genetic Code Genetic Heterogeneity Genome Mitochondria Mollusca Nucleotides Open Reading Frames Protein Domain Sequence Alignment Trees Urochordata
4
Obtaining Ciona and Zebrafish Embryos

Ciona intestinalis were obtained from the Roscoff Marine Biology Station (Roscoff, France). Ascidian gamete collection, fertilisation and embryo cultures were as in [25] (link). Zebrafish embryos were collected from crosses of AB0 and Tübingen wild type strains kept under standard conditions.
Roure A., Rothbächer U., Robin F., Kalmar E., Ferone G., Lamy C., Missero C., Mueller F, & Lemaire P. (2007). A Multicassette Gateway Vector Set for High Throughput and Comparative Analyses in Ciona and Vertebrate Embryos. PLoS ONE, 2(9), e916.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2007
Ascidiacea Ciona intestinalis Embryo Fertilization Gametes Strains Zebrafish
5
Comprehensive Bioinformatic Identification of Silicate Transporters
S. diplocostata SITa (Marron et al. 2013 (link)) and Oryza sativa Lsi2 (Ma et al. 2007 (link)) were used as query sequences for BLASTp and tBLASTn searches using the default parameters (Altschul et al. 1997 (link)). Data sets searched were the EMBL/Genbank nucleotide, protein, EST and TSA archives, the MMETSP transcriptome data sets, the Aniseed ascidian genome and transcriptome database (http://www.aniseed.cnrs.fr/; last accessed October 12, 2016), the Aphrocallistes vastus transcriptome at the ERA archive of the University of Alberta (https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/bvd66w001v#.V_1foSRCi7l; last accessed October 11, 2016), the Equisetum giganteum transcriptome (Vanneste et al. 2015 (link)), and the Compagen database (http://www.compagen.org/; last accessed October 12, 2016). Transcriptomes of 19 choanoflagellate species, 7 rhizarian species, 2 stramenopile species (see supplementary table S1, Supplementary Material online) and P. neolepis (Durak et al. 2016 (link)) were also searched.
Due to the relatively low similarity of the bacterial SIT-L sequences to SdSITa, the Synechococcus sp. KORDI-100 SIT-L was used as a query sequence for prokaryotic database searches, including Cyanobase (http://genome.microbedb.jp/cyanobase; last accessed October 12, 2016), Cyanorak (www.sb-roscoff.fr/cyanorak/; last accessed October 12, 2016), and the Tara Oceans metaG Environmental Sequence Datasets (0.22–8-μm fraction samples) (Sunagawa et al. 2015 (link)).
A more selective sampling strategy was employed for Lsi2 because of the wider taxonomic distribution, with an emphasis on sponges and nonangiosperm land plants. Hits to Lsi2 were also selected from a taxonomically representative array of prokaryotes and eukaryotes where full genomes were available. The MMETSP transcriptomes and unpublished data sets (see above) were also searched. Top sequence hits from representative species were selected to ensure a broad sampling across MMETSP data, with special reference to transcriptomes which contained SIT or SIT-L sequences. For each species, multiple high-scoring hits were used for further analysis.
Marron A.O., Ratcliffe S., Wheeler G.L., Goldstein R.E., King N., Not F., de Vargas C, & Richter D.J. (2016). The Evolution of Silicon Transport in Eukaryotes. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 33(12), 3226-3248.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2016
Ascidiacea Bacteria Choanoflagellata DNA Library Embryophyta Equisetum Eukaryota Genome Nucleotides Oryza sativa Porifera Prokaryotic Cells Proteins Stramenopiles Synechococcus Transcriptome

Most recents protocols related to «Ascidiacea»

1
Isolation of Fungal Strain from Brazilian Ascidian
A sample of the ascidian Botrylloides giganteus (50 g) was collected in October 2015 in the municipality of Ilha Bela on the coast of the state of São Paulo, Brazil (23°46′26.95″ S, 45°21′21.26″ W). Initially, the isolation procedure comprised the superficial disinfection of the ascidian with ethanol 70% for 45 s, followed by washing with sterile sea water (3x). Then, 1 cm2 square pieces of the ascidian were inoculated in Petri dishes containing a culture medium consisting of malt (30 g/L) and agar (15 g/L) in sterile sea water supplemented with tetracycline (50 mg/L) and chloramphenicol (50 mg/L). After four days, the fungal strain emerged, which was then transferred to other Petri dishes containing the same culture medium and further purified by monosporic cultures. Strain 5A7 initially isolated by A.H.J. was donated to the research group led by H.H.F.K. and later deposited under the code MMSRG85 (SISGEN Register A6BA963).
Castro G.S., Sousa T.F., da Silva G.F., Pedroso R.C., Menezes K.S., Soares M.A., Dias G.M., Santos A.O., Yamagishi M.E., Faria J.V., Januário A.H, & Koolen H.H. (2023). Characterization of Peptaibols Produced by a Marine Strain of the Fungus Trichoderma endophyticum via Mass Spectrometry, Genome Mining and Phylogeny-Based Prediction. Metabolites, 13(2), 221.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Agar Ascidiacea Chloramphenicol Culture Media Disinfection Ethanol Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal isolation Sterility, Reproductive Strains Tetracycline
2
Quantitative Analysis of LPS-Responsive Genes
The differential expression of Mif-Csn-Nf-kB axis LPS-responsive genes was studied by qRT-PCR using the SYBR-Green method and the specific sets of primers listed in File S1. qRT-PCR analysis was performed using an Applied Biosystems 7500 Real-time PCR system [61 (link),62 (link)]. Differential expression was determined in a 25 μL PCR mixture containing 2 μL of cDNA converted from 250 ng of total RNA, 300 nM primer (forward and reverse), and 12.5 μL of Power SYBR-Green PCR MasterMix (Applied Biosystems, Waltham, MA, USA).
Amplification specificity was tested using a real-time PCR melting analysis. To obtain sample quantification, the 2−ΔΔCt method was used, and the relative changes in gene expression were analyzed as described in the Applied Biosystems Use Bulletin N. 2 (P/N 4303859).
The transcript levels from different tissues were normalized to that of actin to compensate for variations in the amount of RNA input. Relative expression was determined by dividing the normalized value of the target gene in each tissue by the normalized value obtained from the untreated tissue. To examine the time course of the response, 4 LPS-treated ascidian replicates (n = 4) were examined at incremental post-inoculation time points (1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h). Four untreated (naïve) ascidian replicates (n = 4) were used as controls. A heatmap was generated to visualize the results indicating the genes differentially expressed between the exposed samples and controls (LPS exposure times were 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 24 h, and 48 h). The Minitab 17 statistical software was used for the qRT-PCR data analysis. Statistical differences were estimated by a one-way ANOVA, and the significance of differences among groups was determined by Tukey’s t-test. The level of significance was set at a p-value ≤ 0.05. The data are presented as the means ± SD (n = 4).
The heatmap was produced using a heatmapping tool (https://www.heatmapper.ca accessed on 1 June 2022). Complete linkage clustering was applied, and Pearson correlation was used as the method of distance measurement. Additionally, a z-score was calculated, a measure that describes a value’s relationship to the mean of a group of values. The z-score was measured in terms of standard deviations from the mean [63 (link)].
La Paglia L., Vazzana M., Mauro M., Dumas F., Fiannaca A., Urso A., Arizza V, & Vizzini A. (2023). Transcriptomic and Bioinformatic Analyses Identifying a Central Mif-Cop9-Nf-kB Signaling Network in Innate Immunity Response of Ciona robusta. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(4), 4112.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Actins Ascidiacea DNA, Complementary Epistropheus Gene Expression Genes neuro-oncological ventral antigen 2, human NF-kappa B Oligonucleotide Primers Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction SYBR Green I Tissues Vaccination
3
Endostyle Dissection in Ascidian S. clava
The adult ascidian S. clava was collected from the coastal areas of Weihai City, Shandong province (122.41° E, 37.16° N). The ascidian was temporarily persevered in the aquarium system in the laboratory at a temperature of 18 °C with a consistent oxygen supply. The healthy animal was dissected manually with disinfected instruments initiated by the removal of the stem tunic part and scissored from the ventral body mid-line. The endostyle was gently dissected from the dorsal pharyngeal wall and segmented into three longitudinal parts of the same length for the convenience of the following experiments. Three individual ascidians were sacrificed for the endostyle collection. The guidelines for animal experiments were approved by the Ocean University of China Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (OUC-IACUC) with approval number 2021-0032-0027.
Jiang A., Zhang W., Wei J., Liu P, & Dong B. (2023). Transcriptional Analysis of the Endostyle Reveals Pharyngeal Organ Functions in Ascidian. Biology, 12(2), 245.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Adult Animals Ascidiacea Human Body Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees Oxygen Pharynx Stem, Plant
4
Cryosectioning and Staining of Ascidian Endostyle
To visualize morphological features of the endostyle cross-section, a cryosection preparation and staining technique was carried out on the endostyle sample. Fresh endostyle tissue was carefully dissected from the ascidian and immediately immersed into the precooled 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) and persevered on a gentle shaker table for 16 h at 4 °C. The tissue after fixation was washed with cooled PBS to wash off PFA and the tissue was transferred into 30% sucrose solution (made with PBS solution) in the flat-bottomed container. All processes of fixation and sucrose sinkage were conducted at the temperature of 4 °C. After full sinkage, the solution on the surface of the tissue was dried with Kimtech wiper (FIS: 06666) and the tissue was merged into the optimal cutting temperature compound (OCT, SAKURA Tissue-Tek® O.C.T. Compound) in the model of a proper shape. Liquid nitrogen was used to snap-freeze the block. The embedded block after freezing was fully covered by aluminum foil and preserved in sealed containers at −80 °C.
Cryosection was prepared with Leica CM3050 S Research Cryostat. Temperature pre-balance was performed for 30 min before sectioning the frozen block. The cryosection was pasted onto adhesion microscope slides and persevered at −80 °C. The HE staining was accomplished following the procedure of the Modified Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) Stain Kit from Solarbio (G1121).
Jiang A., Zhang W., Wei J., Liu P, & Dong B. (2023). Transcriptional Analysis of the Endostyle Reveals Pharyngeal Organ Functions in Ascidian. Biology, 12(2), 245.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Aluminum Ascidiacea Cryoultramicrotomy Eosin Freezing Hematoxylin Microscopy Nitrogen paraform Sucrose Tissue Fixation Tissues
5
Marine Vertebrate Dietary Analysis
The esophagus, stomach, and intestine contents isolated during the necropsy were rinsed with fresh water, sieved with a 1 mm mesh, and then divided following the protocol by Matiddi et al. [35 (link)]. The natural food (FOO) samples were analyzed as well. With the aid of the stereomicroscope and the taxonomic keys [37 ,38 ], the prey items were classified to the lowest taxonomic level. Taxonomic diversity in the dietary habits was assessed on multiple levels: (1) considering only the phylum (Chordata, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Tentaculata, Echinodermata, Plantae, Algae, and Annelida); (2) considering the taxonomic groups (Fish, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda, Ascidiacea, Crustacea, Bryozoa, Plant, Algae, Annelida, Echinodermata, Scaphopoda, Cnidaria, and Polychaetes). Comparing the two datasets gave insights into the differences between foraging grounds.
No volume parameters were noted when dealing with dry contents. However, considering the long digestion activity of this species, the long-lasting transit of hard-bodied items compared to soft-bodied prey and the fragmentation of food during ingestion, digestion, and protocol workflow, this method of sampling could provide biased information. In any case, biomasses are not strictly essential for the aim of this study, and the hard-bodied items collected can be considered satisfying for the final discussion.
The litter was classified into different categories [35 (link)]: sheet-like material (SHE), fragments of hard plastic items (FRA), thread-like material (THR), industrial plastic (INDAPLA), foam (FOA), other plastic (POTH), and litter other than plastic (OTHER).
Mariani G., Bellucci F., Cocumelli C., Raso C., Hochscheid S., Roncari C., Nerone E., Recchi S., Di Giacinto F., Olivieri V., Pulsoni S., Matiddi M., Silvestri C., Ferri N, & Renzo L.D. (2023). Dietary Preferences of Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta) in Two Mediterranean Feeding Grounds: Does Prey Selection Change with Habitat Use throughout Their Life Cycle?. Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI, 13(4), 654.
Full text: Click here
Publication 2023
Annelida Arthropods Ascidiacea Autopsy Bivalves Bryozoa Cephalopoda Chordata Cnidaria Crustacea Digestion Echinodermata Esophagus Fishes Food Gastropods Intestinal Contents Mollusca Plants Stomach

Top products related to «Ascidiacea»

1
Trizol reagent by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, China, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, Canada, France, Italy, Australia, Spain, Switzerland, Netherlands, Belgium, Lithuania, Denmark, Singapore, New Zealand, India, Brazil, Argentina, Sweden, Norway, Austria, Poland, Finland, Israel, Hong Kong, Cameroon, Sao Tome and Principe, Macao, Taiwan, Province of China, Thailand
TRIzol reagent is a monophasic solution of phenol, guanidine isothiocyanate, and other proprietary components designed for the isolation of total RNA, DNA, and proteins from a variety of biological samples. The reagent maintains the integrity of the RNA while disrupting cells and dissolving cell components.
2
Alkaline phosphatase conjugated digoxigenin antibody by Roche
The Alkaline phosphatase-conjugated digoxigenin antibody is a laboratory reagent used as a detection tool in various molecular biology and immunoassay techniques. Its core function is to bind to and label digoxigenin, a small hapten molecule, enabling the visualization and detection of target analytes in samples.
3
Trypsin by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Italy, Japan, Sao Tome and Principe, Canada, Macao, Poland, India, France, Spain, Portugal, Australia, Switzerland, Ireland, Belgium, Sweden, Israel, Brazil, Czechia, Denmark, Austria
Trypsin is a serine protease enzyme that is commonly used in cell biology and biochemistry laboratories. Its primary function is to facilitate the dissociation and disaggregation of adherent cells, allowing for the passive release of cells from a surface or substrate. Trypsin is widely utilized in various cell culture applications, such as subculturing and passaging of adherent cell lines.
4
Nebnext multiplex small rna library prep set for by Illumina
Sourced in United States, Germany, China, United Kingdom
The NEBNext Multiplex Small RNA Library Prep Set for Illumina is a kit that enables the preparation of small RNA libraries for sequencing on Illumina platforms. The kit includes the necessary reagents and adaptors for the library construction process.
5
Hiseq 2000 2500 platform by Illumina
Sourced in United States, China
The HiSeq 2000/2500 platform is a high-throughput DNA sequencing system designed for researchers. It utilizes sequencing-by-synthesis technology to generate high-quality sequence data. The platform is capable of producing billions of sequencing reads per run, making it suitable for a wide range of applications, including whole-genome sequencing, transcriptome analysis, and targeted sequencing.
6
Rnaiso reagent by Takara Bio
Sourced in Japan, China, United States
RNAiso reagent is a total RNA isolation solution developed by Takara Bio. It is designed to effectively extract and purify high-quality total RNA from a variety of biological samples.
7
Rf 5301 by Shimadzu
Sourced in Japan
The RF-5301 is a fluorescence spectrophotometer designed for laboratory use. It is capable of measuring the fluorescence intensity of samples.
8
Bm purple substrate by Roche
Sourced in Germany
BM purple substrate is a laboratory reagent used in biochemical and molecular biology applications. It serves as a substrate for various enzymatic reactions, enabling the detection and quantification of specific analytes. The core function of BM purple substrate is to provide a colorimetric or chromogenic signal when the target enzyme is present, allowing for the visualization and measurement of the analyzed compound.
9
Daf fm by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Brazil
DAF-FM is a fluorescent dye used for the detection and quantification of nitric oxide (NO) in biological samples. It reacts with NO to form a highly fluorescent benzotriazole derivative, which can be detected using fluorescence spectroscopy.
10
Pfx dna polymerase by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States
Pfx DNA polymerase is a high-fidelity, thermostable DNA polymerase designed for applications requiring accurate DNA synthesis, such as PCR amplification. It exhibits a 3'-5' exonuclease proofreading activity, which helps to minimize the rate of nucleotide misincorporation during DNA replication.

More about "Ascidiacea"

Ascidians, also known as sea squirts, are a fascinating class of marine invertebrates belonging to the phylum Chordata.
These sessile, filter-feeding organisms are found in a variety of aquatic habitats, from shallow coastal waters to the deep ocean.
Ascidians play a crucial role in marine ecosystems, serving as important components of benthic communities and contributing to the cycling of nutrients and energy.
Researchers studying Ascidiacea can leverage advanced tools like PubCompare.ai, a leading AI-driven platform, to optimize their research.
PubCompare.ai provides access to the best protocols from literature, preprints, and patents, using powerful search and comparison capabilities.
Its AI-driven analysis ensures reproducibility and accuracy in findings, enhancing research efficacy and advancing the understanding of these intriguing marine organisms.
Beyond their ecological significance, Ascidians have garnered scientific interest due to their unique anatomy, complex life cycles, and potential applications in fields such as regenerative medicine and biofuels.
Researchers can utilize various techniques and reagents, including TRIzol reagent for RNA extraction, Alkaline phosphatase-conjugated digoxigenin antibody for in situ hybridization, Trypsin for cell dissociation, NEBNext Multiplex Small RNA Library Prep Set for Illumina for small RNA sequencing, HiSeq 2000/2500 platform for high-throughput sequencing, RNAiso reagent for RNA isolation, RF-5301 for fluorescence detection, BM purple substrate for enzymatic colorimetric detection, and DAF-FM for nitric oxide detection, among others.
By leveraging the power of advanced tools and techniques, researchers can uncover the fascinating secrets of Ascidiacea, driving forward the frontiers of marine biology and biotechnology.