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Trypanosoma cruzi

Trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease, a potentially life-threatening condition primarily found in Latin America.
It is transmitted to humans through the feces of triatomine bugs, also known as 'kissing bugs'.
T. cruzi infection can lead to serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal complications if left untreated.
Researchers studying this parasite can utilize PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven protocol comparison tool, to easily locate and compare published methods, preprints, and patents, helping to identify the optimal approach and boost reproducibility and efficiency in their Trypanosoma cruzi studies.
This resource can help elevate and advance research efforts targeting this important tropical disease.

Most cited protocols related to «Trypanosoma cruzi»

1
Isolation and Characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi Extracellular Vesicles
Cited 7 times
Culture supernatants containing TCTs were centrifuged at 1000 × g, 15 min, washed three times in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.4 (PBS), and incubated for 2 h in DMEM containing 2% glucose at 37°C, 5% CO2 for release of EVs. The parasites (109 trypomastigotes per mL) were removed by centrifugation (1000 × g, 10 min, room temperature), and the supernatant (1 mL) was filtered, diluted 1:2 in 200 mM ammonium acetate, pH 6.5, and EVs purified by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) using a Sepharose CL-4B column (1 × 40 cm, GE Healthcare, Piscataway, NJ), pre-equilibrated with 100 mM ammonium acetate, pH 6.5. After loading the filtered parasite supernatant (1 mL), the column was eluted with the same buffer at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. Fractions of 1 mL were collected and then screened by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to locate the fractions containing the EVs, as previously described [21].
Soluble VF fraction was obtained by ultracentrifugation for 16 h at 100,000 × g, 4°C, as described [13]. The ensuing supernatant contained soluble, secreted proteins released by the parasite, and the pellet total EVs. For proteomic analysis, pooled preparations of purified total EVs or VF fractions were subjected to (LC-MS/MS), as previously described [10,13], with some modifications (see below). The experimental workflow including the purification and characterization of EVs and VF fraction is depicted in Figure 1.10.1080/20013078.2018.1463779-F0001

Workflow employed for the production, fractionation, and characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi EVs and vesicle-free fraction from Y and YuYu strains. The details of each step are explained in the Materials and Methods section. DMEM, Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium; NTA, nanoparticle tracking analysis; SEM, scanning electron microscopy; SEC, size-exclusion chromatography.

Ribeiro K.S., Vasconcellos C.I., Soares R.P., Mendes M.T., Ellis C.C., Aguilera-Flores M., de Almeida I.C., Schenkman S., Iwai L.K, & Torrecilhas A.C. (2018). Proteomic analysis reveals different composition of extracellular vesicles released by two Trypanosoma cruzi strains associated with their distinct interaction with host cells. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, 7(1), 1463779.
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Publication 2018
ammonium acetate Buffers Centrifugation Eagle Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Gel Chromatography Glucose Parasites Phosphates Proteins Radiotherapy Dose Fractionations Saline Solution Scanning Electron Microscopy Sepharose CL 4B Strains Tandem Mass Spectrometry Times, Reptilase Trypanosoma cruzi Ultracentrifugation
2
Mammalian Cell Expression Vectors
Cited 6 times
Five custom Gateway fusion vectors were generated for mammalian cell expression using a pGEn2 vector backbone originally employed for the expression of rat ST6GAL117 (link). This latter vector was generated by gene synthesis (ThermoFisher Scientific) and contains a CMV promoter, artificial intron, woodchuck hepatitis virus posttranscriptional regulatory element (WPRE), and bovine growth hormone (BGH) termination and polyadenylation sequence to drive transcription and termination of the fusion protein coding region. Each of the mammalian Gateway expression vectors was adapted for Gateway recombination as DEST vectors by inclusion of attR sites flanking a selection cassette comprised of ccdB and CmR genes15 (link) (Supplementary Fig. 2). The fusion sequences in each of the five vectors were distinct, employing either NH2-terminal (pGEn1-DEST, pGEn2-DEST, and pGEn3-DEST vectors) or COOH-terminal (pGEc1-DEST and pGEc2-DEST vectors) fusion sequences adjacent to the selection cassette. Each vector component was generated by gene synthesis (ThermoFisher Scientific) and swapped into the original synthetic ST6GAL1-pGEn2 vector as restriction fragments to replace the ST6GAL1 and adjoining fusion sequences. The pGEn1-DEST vector contains a Kozak sequence followed by an NH2-terminal signal sequence derived from the Trypanosoma cruzi lysosomal α-mannosidase37 (link), an 8xHis tag, and a StrepII tag19 (link) adjacent to the attR1 recombination site (Supplementary Fig. 2). The pGEn2-DEST vector employs the same signal sequence and 8xHis tag, but has an AviTag sequence20 (link) and a “superfolder” GFP domain21 (link) adjacent to the attR1 recombination site (Supplementary Fig. 2). The pGEn3-DEST vector has the same signal sequence, 8xHis tag, AviTag and GFP tag as pGEn2-DEST, but also includes an Ig Fc domain22 (link) sequence between the GFP and the attR1 site (Supplementary Fig. 2).
For the pGEc1-DEST and pGEc2-DEST COOH-terminal fusion vectors the CMV promoter and artificial intron led directly to the attR1 site followed by the selection cassette (Supplementary Fig. 2). For these vectors, the Kozak sequence and initiating Met residue were provided by the glycoenzyme donor clones. The fusion protein sequences for these vectors extend downstream of the attR2 site, where the pGEc1-DEST vector contained an 8xHis tag and StrepII tag and the pGEc2-DEST vector contained a GFP domain, AviTag sequence, and 8xHis tag (Supplementary Fig. 2). Each of these selection cassettes and fusion sequences were generated by gene synthesis (ThermoFisher Scientific) and swapped into the original ST6GAL1-pGEn2 vector as restriction fragments to replace the ST6GAL1 and adjoining fusion sequences.
Moremen K.W., Ramiah A., Stuart M., Steel J., Meng L., Forouhar F., Moniz H.A., Gahlay G., Gao Z., Chapla D., Wang S., Yang J.Y., Prabahkar P.K., Johnson R., dela Rosa M., Geisler C., Nairn A.V., Wu S.C., Tong L., Gilbert H.J., LaBaer J, & Jarvis D.L. (2017). Human glycosylation enzymes for enzymatic, structural and functional studies. Nature chemical biology, 14(2), 156-162.
Publication 2017
Cells Clone Cells Cloning Vectors growth hormone, bovine Hepatitis B Virus, Woodchuck Introns Lysosomes Mammals Open Reading Frames Polyadenylation Proteins Recombination, Genetic Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid Signal Peptides Synthetic Genes Tissue Donors Transcription, Genetic Trypanosoma cruzi TTR protein, human Vertebral Column
3
De novo Transcriptome Assembly and Annotation
Cited 6 times
To obtain high-quality clean reads, the raw reads were filtered to remove reads with adaptor sequences, low-quality reads (Phred quality score <20 bp), and reads with a high percentage of unidentified nucleotides, using Perl script with G-language Genome Analysis Environment [36 (link)]. De novo assembly of the clean reads was carried out using Trinity software (version: trinity/r2014-04-13p1) with default parameters and no reference sequence. The sequences resulting from the de novo Trinity assembly were called unigenes. In order to annotate unigenes, a BLASTX search against the UniProt database was conducted with an E-value cut-off of 1e−5. The following genomic databases were used for the taxonomic distribution of annotated components : plants (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed /17932292; Arabidopsis thaliana, https://www.arabidopsis.org/); animals (Drosophila melanogaster, http://flybase.org/; Caenorhabditis elegans, https://www.wormbase.org/); fungi (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, http://www.ensembl.org/index.html); kinetoplastids (Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei, Leishmania major, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). A venn diagram was drawn using Venny program (http://bioinfogp.cnb.csic.es/tools/venny/). The Blast2GO program [37 (link)] and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database [38 (link)] (http://www.genome.jp/kegg/) were used to identify the Gene ontology (GO) annotation and biological pathways in E.gracilis, respectively. Results of pathway enrichment were visualized using Pathway Projector [39 (link)].
Yoshida Y., Tomiyama T., Maruta T., Tomita M., Ishikawa T, & Arakawa K. (2016). De novo assembly and comparative transcriptome analysis of Euglena gracilis in response to anaerobic conditions. BMC Genomics, 17, 182.
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Publication 2016
Animals Arabidopsis Arabidopsis thalianas Biopharmaceuticals Caenorhabditis elegans Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Drosophila melanogaster Fungi Gene Annotation Genome Gracilis Muscle Leishmania major Nucleotides Plants Saccharomyces cerevisiae Trypanosoma brucei brucei Trypanosoma cruzi
4
Strongyloides and Parasitic Infections Study
Cited 6 times
Based on an expected sensitivity of ∼90% and specificity of ∼95% (Group II) and 90% (Group III), sample sizes were calculated. Ultimately there were 114 in Group I (the Strongyloides infected group); 115 specimens for Group II and 170 for Group III. Within Group III b the parasitic infections diagnosed included: Schistosoma spp, Trichinella spiralis, Toxocara canis, Fasciola hepatica, Echinococcus granulosus, Hookworm, Loa, Onchocerca volvulus, Mansonella perstans, Wuchereria bancrofti and Trypanosoma cruzi. The study population is summarized in the STARD flow chart (Supporting Information Figure S1).
Bisoffi Z., Buonfrate D., Sequi M., Mejia R., Cimino R.O., Krolewiecki A.J., Albonico M., Gobbo M., Bonafini S., Angheben A., Requena-Mendez A., Muñoz J, & Nutman T.B. (2014). Diagnostic Accuracy of Five Serologic Tests for Strongyloides stercoralis Infection. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8(1), e2640.
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Publication 2014
Echinococcus granulosus Fasciola hepatica Filaria bancrofti Hookworm Infections Hypersensitivity Mansonella perstans Onchocerca volvulus Parasitic Diseases Schistosoma Strongyloides Toxocara canis Trichinella spiralis Trypanosoma cruzi
5
Phylogenetic Analysis of CFAS Gene
Cited 6 times
The CFAS gene was identified as a potential lateral transfer by similarity searching (BLASTp) against the GenBank non-redundant protein database using the L. infantum CFAS sequence as query. To assemble the data set for phylogenetic analysis, all sequences with an e-value of <10−30 were downloaded. Note that, although eukaryotes were not specifically excluded from this process, none of the eukaryotic sequences in GenBank, which includes the completely sequenced genomes of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei, met the e-value cut-off criterion.
Sequences were aligned with MUSCLE using default parameters. Regions of poor alignment where homology could not be ascertained with confidence were identified by eye and excluded. We conducted preliminary analyses of all sequences by unweighted parsimony using PAUP. The data set was narrowed down through successive rounds of analysis and sequence removal to obtain a final subset of sequences that were broadly representative of the full data set.
The final tree was derived by bayesian inference using a mixture of amino acid models. Alignment positions were weighting according to evolutionary rate by using a four-category γ-distribution with the shape parameter α calculated by the program on the basis of a neighbor-joining tree. Analyses consisted of two sets of four chains run for 600,000 generations with results saved every 1,000 generations. Analyses were run until both sets of chains converged (split frequency = 0.007), and tree topology and posterior probabilities were calculated after discarding a 25% burn-in (150 trees). The tree topology was further tested with 100 replicates of maximum likelihood bootstrapping by the program PhyML using a JTT substitution model with a four-category γ-distribution and with the shape parameter α calculated by the program.
Peacock C.S., Seeger K., Harris D., Murphy L., Ruiz J.C., Quail M.A., Peters N., Adlem E., Tivey A., Aslett M., Kerhornou A., Ivens A., Fraser A., Rajandream M.A., Carver T., Norbertczak H., Chillingworth T., Hance Z., Jagels K., Moule S., Ormond D., Rutter S., Squares R., Whitehead S., Rabbinowitsch E., Arrowsmith C., White B., Thurston S., Bringaud F., Baldauf S.L., Faulconbridge A., Jeffares D., Depledge D.P., Oyola S.O., Hilley J.D., Brito L.O., Tosi L.R., Barrell B., Cruz A.K., Mottram J.C., Smith D.F, & Berriman M. (2007). Comparative genomic analysis of three Leishmania species that cause diverse human disease. Nature genetics, 39(7), 839-847.
Publication 2007
Amino Acids Biological Evolution Eukaryota Genes Genome Muscle Tissue Trees Trypanosoma brucei brucei Trypanosoma cruzi

Most recents protocols related to «Trypanosoma cruzi»

1
TORCH Infections in Central America
A literature review was conducted to synthesize the limited information regarding TORCH infections in Central America’s Northern Triangle as defined by the following infections: Toxoplasmosis gondii, Trypanosoma cruzi, Zika virus, Dengue virus, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus. We searched the following databases for any peer-reviewed articles in English or Spanish between the years 2012 and August 2022: Pubmed, Google Scholar, ScieLo, PAHO, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, MASCOT/Wotro Map of Maternal Health Research, and Repositorio Centroamericano SIIDCA-CSUCA. University repositories from El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras were searched for bachelor’s, master’s, and professional degree theses to further include studies not published in peer-reviewed scientific literature. Search terms were extensive, and the search was conducted with terms in both English and Spanish. Due to a general lack of information surrounding TORCH infections in this region, we included articles on the previously specified pathogens within the context of congenital infections, pregnant women, and women of childbearing age.
Reasons for exclusion from the final manuscript included: outside of date range, not original research, outside of target population, and outside of target countries of interest. Given the rarity of these infections within the common scientific literature, the overall majority of articles selected for this review were in the gray literature; consequently, the traditional PRISMA method was not employed. Findings from gray literature publications and other data sources used for this manuscript can be further found in Supplementary Materials.
Lynn M.K., Aquino M.S., Self S.C., Kanyangarara M., Campbell B.A, & Nolan M.S. (2023). TORCH Congenital Syndrome Infections in Central America’s Northern Triangle. Microorganisms, 11(2), 257.
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Publication 2023
Caribbean People Cytomegalovirus Dengue Virus Hispanic or Latino Infection Pathogenicity Pregnant Women prisma Rubella virus Sepsis Simplexvirus Target Population Toxoplasmosis Trypanosoma cruzi Woman Zika Virus
2
Maintenance and Isolation of Trypanosoma cruzi
Cultures of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes (RA strain) were maintained through weekly passages in LIT medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum at 28 °C [28 (link)]. Trypanosoma cruzi bloodstream trypomastigotes (RA strain) were obtained from infected CF1 mice by cardiac puncture at the peak of parasitaemia 15 days after infection and transfected trypomastigotes expressing β-galactosidase (Clone C4, e Tulahuen strain) were obtained from infected Vero cells [7 (link)].
Borgo J., Elso O.G., Gomez J., Coll M., Catalán C.A., Mucci J., Alvarez G., Randall L.M., Barrera P., Malchiodi E.L., Bivona A.E., Martini M.F, & Sülsen V.P. (2023). Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi Properties of Sesquiterpene Lactones Isolated from Stevia spp.: In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Pharmaceutics, 15(2), 647.
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Publication 2023
Blood Circulation Clone Cells Fetal Bovine Serum GLB1 protein, human Heart Infection Mus Parasitemia Punctures Strains Trypanosoma cruzi Vero Cells
3
Multiplex detection of parasitic and arboviral pathogens
For Leishmania detection in mammal samples and phlebotomine sand flies, PCR was performed with the primers LITSR and L5.8S, which specifically amplify a fragment of 350-bp of ITS gene [22 (link)]. The positive samples by ITS were typing for hsp70 gene, following the protocol and sequencing algorithm designed by Van der Auwera et al. (2013) [23 (link)] and modifications described by Hoyos et al. (2022) [24 (link)]. Assays for detection of Plasmodium were performed in Anopheles mosquitoes. A nested PCR using ribosomal primers that amplify a fragment of 205 pb for Plasmodium falciparum and 117 pb for Plasmodium vivax was performed, following the protocol of Snounou et al. (1993) [25 (link)].
Trypanosoma cruzi DNA (kinetoplastid and satellite) was detected [26 (link)] in triatomines and mammal samples. Amplified fragments of 330 bp were considered positive for kinetoplastid and of 166 bp for satellite DNA. For T. cruzi genotyping, the amplification of the mini-exon gene was performed using PCR protocols described by Leon et al. (2019) [26 (link)]. Amplified fragments of 350 bp were considered positive for TcI and of 300 bp for TcII. We used the SL-IR region to discriminate TcI Dom and TcI Sylvatic genotypes, following PCR protocols described by Leon et al. (2015) [27 (link)].
Detection of arbovirus (Zika, dengue, and chikungunya viral RNA) was performed in Ae. aegypti mosquitoes and organ tissue samples using ZDC Multiplex RT-PCR Assay (Ref. 12,003,818 Bio-Rad), according to manufacturer’s instructions, as described by Carrasquilla et al. (2021) [28 (link)]. Amplification curves were evaluated by each probe, and the threshold line was placed above the background signal. Amplification curves with CT values of ≥ 37 were considered negative.
Carrasquilla M.C., Ortiz M.I., Amórtegui-Hernández D., García-Restrepo S., León C., Méndez-Cardona S, & González C. (2023). Pathogens, reservoirs, and vectors involved in the transmission of vector-borne and zoonotic diseases in a Colombian region. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 54(2), 1145-1156.
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Publication 2023
Anopheles Arboviruses Biological Assay Chagas Disease Chikungunya Fever Culicidae Dengue Fever DNA, Satellite Gene Amplification Genes Genes, vif Genotype Heat-Shock Proteins 70 Leishmania Mammals Mini-Exon Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Oligonucleotide Primers Phlebotominae Plasmodium Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium vivax Ribosomes RNA, Viral Tissues Trypanosoma cruzi Zika Virus
4
Propagation and Infection Cycle of Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma cruzi Tulahuén LacZ clone C4 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, PRA-330; ATCC, Manassas, Virginia, USA). The epimastigote stage was propagated at 28°C in liver infusion tryptose (LIT) medium (4 g/L NaCl, 0.4 g/L KCl, 8 g/L Na2HPO4, 2 g/L dextrose, 3 g/L liver infusion broth, 5 g/L tryptose, with 25 mg/L hemin and 10% heat-inactivated FBS). The mammalian cell infection cycle was initiated with metacyclic trypomastigotes arising within stationary phase epimastigote cultures that were shifted from LIT to DMEM + 2% FBS (DMEM-2) for 5 days at 28°C. Metacyclic-enriched cultures were washed in DMEM-2 and incubated with confluent LLC-MK2 monolayers at 37°C, 5% CO2 to allow invasion. Mammalian stage trypomastigotes that emerged from infected LLC-MK2 cells (within 5–10 days) were harvested from culture supernatants and used to infect fresh LLC-MK2 monolayers. This cycle was continued on weekly basis to maintain the mammalian-infective stages of T. cruzi in culture. For experimental infections, trypomastigotes collected from LLC-MK2 maintenance cultures were pelleted at 2060 x g for 10 minutes and pellets were incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 for 2–4 hours to allow motile trypomastigotes to swim up into the supernatant. Purified trypomastigotes in the supernatant were collected, washed once in DMEM-2 and utilized to infect sub-confluent monolayers of NHDF as indicated.
Won M.M., Baublis A, & Burleigh B.A. (2023). Proximity-dependent biotinylation and identification of flagellar proteins in Trypanosoma cruzi. bioRxiv.
Publication Preprint 2023
Cell Cycle Cells Clone Cells Glucose Hemin Infection LacZ Genes Liver Mammals Pellets, Drug Sodium Chloride Trypanosoma cruzi tryptose
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Proteomic Identification of Trypanosoma cruzi
Desalted peptides were resuspended in 0.1% (v/v) formic acid and loaded onto HPLC-MS/MS system for analysis on an Orbitrap Q-Exactive Exploris 480 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) mass spectrometer coupled to an Easy nanoLC 1000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) with a flow rate of 250 nl/min. The stationary phase buffer was 0.5 % formic acid and mobile phase buffer was 0.5 % (v/v) formic acid in acetonitrile. Chromatography for peptide separation was performed using increasing organic proportion of acetonitrile (5 – 40 % (v/v)) over a 120 min gradient) on a self-packed analytical column using PicoTip™ emitter (New Objective, Woburn, MA) using Reprosil Gold 120 C-18, 1.9 μm particle size resin (Dr. Maisch, Ammerbuch-Entringen, Germany). The mass spectrometry analyzer operated in data dependent acquisition mode with a top ten method at a mass range of 300–2000 Da. Data were processed using MaxQuant software (version 1.5.2.8) 58 (link) with the following setting: oxidized methionine residues and protein N-terminal acetylation as variable modification, cysteine carbamidomethylation as fixed modification, first search peptide tolerance 20 ppm, main search peptide tolerance 4.5 ppm. Protease specificity was set to trypsin with up to 2 missed cleavages allowed. Only peptides longer than five amino acids were analyzed, and the minimal ratio count to quantify a protein is 2 (proteome only). The false discovery rate (FDR) was set to 1% for peptide and protein identifications. Database searches were performed using the Andromeda search engine integrated into the MaxQuant environment 59 (link) against the UniProt Trypanosoma cruzi strain CL Brener (352153) database containing 19,242 entries (March 2020). “Matching between runs” algorithm with a time window of 0.7 min was employed to transfer identifications between samples processed using the same nanospray conditions. Protein tables were filtered to eliminate identifications from the reverse database and common contaminants.
Won M.M., Baublis A, & Burleigh B.A. (2023). Proximity-dependent biotinylation and identification of flagellar proteins in Trypanosoma cruzi. bioRxiv.
Publication Preprint 2023
acetonitrile Acetylation Amino Acids Buffers Chromatography Cysteine Cytokinesis formic acid Gold High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies Immune Tolerance Mass Spectrometry Methionine nucleoprotein, Measles virus Peptide Hydrolases Peptides Proteins Proteome Reprosil Resins, Plant Staphylococcal Protein A Tandem Mass Spectrometry Trypanosoma cruzi Trypsin

Top products related to «Trypanosoma cruzi»

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Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a cell culture supplement derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. FBS provides a source of proteins, growth factors, and other components that support the growth and maintenance of various cell types in in vitro cell culture applications.
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Streptomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It functions as a protein synthesis inhibitor, targeting the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, which plays a crucial role in the translation of genetic information into proteins. Streptomycin is commonly used in microbiological research and applications that require selective inhibition of bacterial growth.
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More about "Trypanosoma cruzi"

Trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease, a potentially life-threatening condition primarily found in Latin America.
Also known as the 'kissing bug', this parasite is transmitted to humans through the feces of triatomine bugs.
T. cruzi infection can lead to serious cardiovascular and gastrointestinal complications if left untreated.
Researchers studying this tropical disease can utilize PubCompare.ai, an AI-driven protocol comparison tool, to easily locate and compare published methods, preprints, and patents.
This resource can help identify the optimal approach, boosting reproducibility and efficiency in Trypanosoma cruzi studies.
PubCompare.ai's advanced AI-powered analysis can elevate and advance research efforts targeting this important parasite.
When conducting Trypanosoma cruzi research, scientists may use various cell culture techniques and reagents, such as FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum), Penicillin, Streptomycin, SoftMax Pro software, RPMI 1640 medium, FCS (Fetal Calf Serum), DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide), and the ABI 3730 DNA sequencer.
These tools and materials can support the cultivation, analysis, and genetic study of this protozoan parasite.
By leveraging PubCompare.ai's capabilities, researchers can optimize their workflows and drive breakthroughs in Chagas disease research.