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Camelus dromedarius

Camelus dromedarius, also known as the Arabian camel or dromedary, is a large, even-toed ungulate native to the Middle East and Horn of Africa.
This single-humped camel species is well-adapted to the hot, arid environments of its natural habitat, and has been domesticated for millennia to serve as a valuable source of transportation, food, and other resources.
Researchers studying C. dromedarus can optimize their workflow and enhance the quality of their work by utilizing PubCompare.ai, a powerful AI-driven tool that helps identify the most effective protocols, products, and methodologies from the latest literature, preprints, and patents.
PubCompare.ai streamlines data analysis and improves reproducibility, allowing researchers to focus on advancing their Camelus dromedaris studies with greater efficiencey and accuracy.

Most cited protocols related to «Camelus dromedarius»

1
Demographic Inference Using G-PhoCS
To prepare for the G-PhoCS (v1.3)42 (link) input, we implemented the following filters to the genome to reduce the effects of selection and sequencing errors: exons and 1 kb flanking regions; gap regions in the genome assembly; and regions with repeat sequence annotations. Altogether, 47% of the genome were excluded. We then randomly collected ten thousand 1 kb loci located at least 30 kb apart, to ensure sufficient inter-locus recombination. Multiple sequence alignments for the loci from individual genomes per population were retrieved by vcf consensus in VCFtools49 (link), with heterozygous genotypes represented by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry code and missing genotypes masked by “N.” Recommended gamma priors were used in the G-PhoCS analysis for the mutation-scaled population size θ, population divergence time τ, as well as migration rate m. The MCMC was run for 100,000 burn-in iterations and 500,000 sampling iterations with 10 iterations between two traced samples. The automatic fine-tuning procedure was done during the first 10,000 iterations. The convergence and mixing of the MCMC trace were monitored by Tracer (v1.6, available from http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/tracer/). Because of the stochastic nature of the MCMC algorithm, we tested the models on independent datasets and accepted the results only if two independent runs achieved similar estimates. We explored four models as follows: no migration (model 1); a single migration band from the dromedary to IRAN (model 2); two migration bands from the dromedary to IRAN and KAZA, respectively (model 3); and a migration band from the dromedary to IRAN and another from a ghost population to KAZA (model 4). All loci of the ghost population were set as “N.” Only the models 1 and 4 showed convergence within ten independent runs. The time scale in years was calibrated according to a consensus divergence time of Bactrian camels and dromedaries (5.73 Mya in TimeTree43 (link)). The total migration rate per band M was calculated with M = mτm, where m was the mutation-scaled migration rate per generation and τm was the mutation-scaled time span of the migration band.
Ming L., Yuan L., Yi L., Ding G., Hasi S., Chen G., Jambl T., Hedayat-Evright N., Batmunkh M., Badmaevna G.K., Gan-Erdene T., Ts B., Zhang W., Zulipikaer A., H.o.s.b.l.i.g., E.r.d.e.m.t., Natyrov A., Mamay P., N.a.r.e.n.b.a.t.u., Meng G., Narangerel C., Khongorzul O., He J., Hai L., Lin W., S.i.r.e.n.d.a.l.a.i., S.a.r.e.n.t.u.y.a., A.i.y.i.s.i., Li Y., Wang Z, & J.i.r.i.m.u.t.u. (2020). Whole-genome sequencing of 128 camels across Asia reveals origin and migration of domestic Bactrian camels. Communications Biology, 3, 1.
Publication 2020
Camelus bactrianus Camelus dromedarius Exons Gamma Rays Genome Genotype Heterozygote Mutation Recombination, Genetic Red Cell Ghost Repetitive Region Sequence Alignment Trees
2
Blood and Skin Sampling of Bactrian and Dromedary Camels
Blood samples of 105 domestic Bactrian camels were collected from villages in China (55), MG (28), KAZA (6), RUS (10), and IRAN (6). Blood samples of four dromedaries were also collected from IRAN. The collections were made during routine veterinary treatments with the guidelines from the Camel Protection Association of Inner Mongolia. An endeavor was made to collect samples from unrelated individuals based on the information provided by the owners and local farmers. We collected 50 ml blood for each camel from the jugular vein after disinfection treatment, placed it in EDTA anticoagulant tubes, and then stored it at −80 °C. Ear skin samples (0.5 cm) of 19 wild Bactrian camels were collected from the Great Gobi-Strictly Protected Area A in MG. The wild Bactrian camels chosen were artificially reared and the research was reviewed and approved by the Great Gobi National Park. Proper surgical procedures were adopted in the collection. Local anesthesia (5% procaine hydrochloride) was applied to the ear and the wound was disinfected with iodophor and sulfonamide powder. The samples were eluted with phosphate-buffered saline solutions, placed in cryotubes and were stored at −80 °C.
Ming L., Yuan L., Yi L., Ding G., Hasi S., Chen G., Jambl T., Hedayat-Evright N., Batmunkh M., Badmaevna G.K., Gan-Erdene T., Ts B., Zhang W., Zulipikaer A., H.o.s.b.l.i.g., E.r.d.e.m.t., Natyrov A., Mamay P., N.a.r.e.n.b.a.t.u., Meng G., Narangerel C., Khongorzul O., He J., Hai L., Lin W., S.i.r.e.n.d.a.l.a.i., S.a.r.e.n.t.u.y.a., A.i.y.i.s.i., Li Y., Wang Z, & J.i.r.i.m.u.t.u. (2020). Whole-genome sequencing of 128 camels across Asia reveals origin and migration of domestic Bactrian camels. Communications Biology, 3, 1.
Publication 2020
Anticoagulants BLOOD Camels Camelus bactrianus Camelus dromedarius Disinfection Edetic Acid Farmers Hydrochloride, Procaine Iodophors Jugular Vein Local Anesthesia Operative Surgical Procedures Phosphates Powder Saline Solution Skin Sulfonamides Wounds
3
Inferring Camel Population Migration Events
Migration events among camel populations were inferred using TreeMix (v1.12)37 (link) with migration number m = 0–5. The threepop/fourpop module from the TreeMix package was used to perform the F3/F4 test38 (link),53 (link) with -k 500. In the F3 test (Z; X, Y), one focal population (Z) was tested as a mixture of population X and Y. A large negative value of F3 score (standardized to Z-score with the Jackknife procedure) would indicate a very strong signal of Z as a mixture of X and Y. In our analysis, we ran F3 tests with all configurations of the populations. In the more sensitive F4 test (Y, Z; W, X), where W is an outgroup of Y and Z, the admixture bias between Y and Z with X was tested. If Y (or Z) have more admixture with X, it will show significant negative (or positive) F4 score (standardized to Z-score with the Jackknife procedure). To focus on the admixture between the domestic Bactrian camels and dromedaries, we set the population configuration as (Y, Z; wild, drom), where Y and Z were two domestic populations.
Ming L., Yuan L., Yi L., Ding G., Hasi S., Chen G., Jambl T., Hedayat-Evright N., Batmunkh M., Badmaevna G.K., Gan-Erdene T., Ts B., Zhang W., Zulipikaer A., H.o.s.b.l.i.g., E.r.d.e.m.t., Natyrov A., Mamay P., N.a.r.e.n.b.a.t.u., Meng G., Narangerel C., Khongorzul O., He J., Hai L., Lin W., S.i.r.e.n.d.a.l.a.i., S.a.r.e.n.t.u.y.a., A.i.y.i.s.i., Li Y., Wang Z, & J.i.r.i.m.u.t.u. (2020). Whole-genome sequencing of 128 camels across Asia reveals origin and migration of domestic Bactrian camels. Communications Biology, 3, 1.
Publication 2020
Camels Camelus bactrianus Camelus dromedarius Population Group TEST mixture
4
Sequencing and Assembly of North African Dromedary Genome
The original North African dromedary genome assembly was created from a female dromedary “Waris” (Fitak et al., 2016; GenBank accession: GCA_000803125.1) owned by the First Austrian Camel Riding School, stemming from the Canary Islands with North African ancestry. Briefly, two types of Illumina libraries were generated and sequenced from DNA extracted from whole blood, which was collected commensally during veterinary diagnostic treatment with the owner's consent: 500 bp (short‐insert, 100 bp paired‐end reads) and 5 Kbp (long‐insert/mate‐pair, 50 bp paired‐end reads) libraries. Short‐ and long‐insert reads were trimmed with popoolation v. 1.2.2 (Kofler et al., 2011), and short‐insert reads were error‐corrected with quake v 0.3.5 (Kelley, Schatz, & Salzberg, 2010). Short‐ and long‐insert reads were simultaneously assembled with abyss v. 1.3.6 (Simpson et al., 2009) with a k‐mer value of 64 resulting in the longest scaffold N50. Only scaffolds greater than 500 bp were retained for the final North African dromedary (Fitak et al., 2016; GenBank accession: GCA_000803125.1) assembly, hereafter CamDro1.
Elbers J.P., Rogers M.F., Perelman P.L., Proskuryakova A.A., Serdyukova N.A., Johnson W.E., Horin P., Corander J., Murphy D, & Burger P.A. (2019). Improving Illumina assemblies with Hi‐C and long reads: An example with the North African dromedary. Molecular Ecology Resources, 19(4), 1015-1026.
Publication 2019
BLOOD Camels Camelus dromedarius Diagnosis Genome Negroid Races North African People Woman
5
Comparative Analysis of MERS-CoV Strains
The phylogenetic analysis shown in Fig. 1 was done using the maximum-likelihood method (PhyML) (24 (link)). Other phylogenetic methods are detailed in Supporting Information. Dromedary virus BF785 and Nig1657 viruses isolated as part of this study were chosen for comparison with the prototype human MERS-CoV strain EMC (clade A) provided by R. A. M. Fouchier (Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands) and a dromedary camel virus, dromedary/Al-Hasa-KFU-HKU13/2013 (AH13) (clade B), isolated in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (25 (link)). Viruses were isolated and grown in Vero cells, aliquoted, and stored at −80 °C until used. The passage history of these viruses is shown in Dataset S1. Antigenic comparison also included dromedary/Egypt NRCE-HKU-270 (15 (link)).
Phenotypic comparison of viruses in Calu-3 cells and ex vivo cultures of human lung and bronchus were carried out as described in Supporting Information. The procedure for transducing mice with an adenovirus vector expressing human DPP4 has been previously described (14 (link)) and is detailed in Supporting Information.
Chu D.K., Hui K.P., Perera R.A., Miguel E., Niemeyer D., Zhao J., Channappanavar R., Dudas G., Oladipo J.O., Traoré A., Fassi-Fihri O., Ali A., Demissié G.F., Muth D., Chan M.C., Nicholls J.M., Meyerholz D.K., Kuranga S.A., Mamo G., Zhou Z., So R.T., Hemida M.G., Webby R.J., Roger F., Rambaut A., Poon L.L., Perlman S., Drosten C., Chevalier V, & Peiris M. (2018). MERS coronaviruses from camels in Africa exhibit region-dependent genetic diversity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(12), 3144-3149.
Publication 2018
Adenoviruses Antigens Bronchi Camelus dromedarius Cells Cloning Vectors DPP4 protein, human Homo sapiens Lung Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Mus Phenotype Strains Vero Cells Virus

Most recents protocols related to «Camelus dromedarius»

1
Comparative Genomics of Mammals
Comparative genomics was performed according to an approach reported previously [23 (link),29 (link)]. Nucleotide and amino acid sequences were downloaded from GenBank. Accession numbers are indicated in the text. Genes were identified in the genome sequences of Homo sapiens, assembly: GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40); Camelus bactrianus, assembly: Ca_bactrianus_MBC_1.0 (GCF_000767855.1); Camelus dromedarius, assembly: CamDro3 (GCF_000803125.2); Vicugna pacos, assembly: VicPac3.1 (GCF_000164845.3); Canis familiaris, assembly: ROS_Cfam_1.0 (GCF_014441545.1); Manis javanica, assembly: YNU_ManJav_2.0 (GCF_014570535.1); Manis pentadactyla, assembly: YNU_ManPten_2.0 (GCF_014570555.1); Rhinolophus sinicus, assembly: ASM188883v1 (GCF_001888835.1); Molossus molossus, assembly: mMolMol1.p (GCF_014108415.1); Myotis myotis, assembly: mMyoMyo1.p (GCF_014108235.1); and Artibeus jamaicensis, assembly: WHU_Ajam_v2 (GCF_014825515.1).
The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) [30 (link)] was used to determine sequence similarities. Sequence alignments were made with Multalin (http://multalin.toulouse.inra.fr/multalin/, accessed on 30 December 2022) and MUSCLE (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/msa/muscle/, accessed on 30 December 2022). Protein domains were identified with the NCBI Conserved Domain search tool [31 (link)]. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of phylogenetic lineages were obtained from the Timetree website (www.timetree.org, accessed on 30 December 2022) [32 (link)].
Eckhart L, & Sipos W. (2023). Differential Loss of OAS Genes Indicates Diversification of Antiviral Immunity in Mammals. Vaccines, 11(2), 419.
Publication 2023
Amino Acid Sequence Camelus bactrianus Camelus dromedarius Canis familiaris Genes Genome, Human Manis pentadactyla Muscle Tissue Nucleotides Protein Domain Rhinolophus Scaly Anteaters Sequence Alignment Vicugna pacos
2
Isolation of Camel Milk Exosomes
Twenty camels (Camelus dromedaries) were used in this study, all of which were kept in good health on a national local farm in Marsa Mattrouh, Egypt. Ages of these animals ranged from 8 to 12 years, and they had at least three full lactation cycles. All milk samples were collected at the mid-lactation period under a complete aseptic condition to minimize bacterial contamination. In order to isolate the exosomes as soon as possible, milk samples were transported in an icebox to the laboratory on the same day.
Shaban A.M., Raslan M., Sharawi Z.W., Abdelhameed M.S., Hammouda O., El-Masry H.M., Elsayed K.N, & El-Magd M.A. (2023). Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Anticancer Effects of Camel Milk Exosomes: An In Vitro Study. Veterinary Sciences, 10(2), 124.
Publication 2023
Animals Asepsis Bacteria Breast Feeding Camels Camelus dromedarius Exosomes Milk
3
Dromedary Camel Neutrophil Isolation
Five clinically healthy male dromedary camels were involved in the study and used for collection of blood samples. The camel farm was located in the Al-Ahsa region, Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein into vacutainer tubes containing the anticoagulation agent EDTA. The samples were kept on ice and delivered to the laboratory within 1 hour of blood collection. Separation of neutrophils from blood specimens was undertaken within 2 hours of sample collection. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of King Faisal University (approval no KFU-REC-2021-DEC-EA000326).
Hussen J., Alkuwayti M.A., Falemban B., Alhojaily S.M., Adwani S.A., Hassan E.A, & Al-Mubarak A.I. (2023). Impact of Selected Bacterial and Viral Toll-like Receptor Agonists on the Phenotype and Function of Camel Blood Neutrophils. Veterinary Sciences, 10(2), 154.
Publication 2023
BLOOD Camels Camelus dromedarius Edetic Acid Ethics Committees Jugular Vein Males Neutrophil Specimen Collection Specimen Collections, Blood
4
Tick Infestation in Dromedary Camels
A total of 133 healthy one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) aged 3–5 years were investigated for tick infestation. Blood samples and hard ticks were collected from 50 and 83 healthy dromedary camels at Cairo and Giza slaughterhouses in Egypt, respectively. The study was conducted from February 2021 to November 2021. Blood samples (5 mL) were collected in tubes coated with EDTA from the jugular blood vessels of the examined camels, then transferred to the laboratory in an icebox and maintained at −20 °C until DNA extraction. A total of 1596 adult ticks (600 from Cairo and 996 from Giza) were carefully gathered from the camels, then transferred alive to the zoonoses laboratory. Adult ticks were washed twice in distilled water, dried with paper tissues, and the classification of all collected ticks to genus level was by morphological characteristics using a stereomicroscope and taxonomic keys [37 ].
Ashour R., Hamza D., Kadry M, & Sabry M.A. (2023). The Surveillance of Borrelia Species in Camelus dromedarius and Associated Ticks: The First Detection of Borrelia miyamotoi in Egypt. Veterinary Sciences, 10(2), 141.
Publication 2023
Adult BLOOD Blood Vessel Camels Camelus dromedarius Edetic Acid Ixodidae Tick Infestations Ticks Tissues Zoonoses
5
Camelid VHH Library Construction
The VHH library was constructed by following previously described protocols [21 (link),22 (link)]. Briefly, a healthy camel (Camelus dromedarius) was immunized with five injections of the purified F17A protein. Total RNA was isolated from Histopaque 1077 (Sigma, Saint-Louis, MO, USA)-gradient purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells and used to synthesize the cDNA with oligo (dT). A two-step nested PCR amplification was performed to synthesize the VHH genes using the primers CALL001/CALL002 and Fr1For/Fr4Rev (see Table S1 in the Supporting Information). The second PCR product was cloned into the pHEN4 phagemid and used to transform electrocompetent E. coli TG1 cells. The transformed cells were cultured and infected with helper phage M13KO7 to construct a VHH-phage display library (see Supporting Information). The F17A-specific phage virions were selected after three consecutive rounds of biopanning on 96-well strip plates (see Supporting Information). Library enrichment of the specific phages was monitored by ELISA with all phages eluted from each panning (polyclonal phage ELISA) and then with 96 randomly selected single phages after the third panning (monoclonal phage ELISA). ELISA-positive phages were sequenced and unique clones were subsequently selected (see Supporting Information).
Dhehibi A., Allaoui A., Raouafi A., Terrak M., Bouhaouala-Zahar B., Hammadi M., Raouafi N, & Salhi I. (2023). Nanobody-Based Sandwich Immunoassay for Pathogenic Escherichia coli F17 Strain Detection. Biosensors, 13(2), 299.
Publication 2023
Bacteriophages Camels Camelus dromedarius Cells Clone Cells DNA, Complementary DNA Library Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Escherichia coli Genes histopaque Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Oligonucleotide Primers Oligonucleotides PBMC Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Phage Display Techniques Proteins Virion

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More about "Camelus dromedarius"

Camelus dromedarius, also known as the Arabian camel or dromedary, is a large, even-toed ungulate native to the Middle East and Horn of Africa.
This single-humped camel species is well-adapted to the hot, arid environments of its natural habitat, and has been domesticated for millennia to serve as a valuable source of transportation, food, and other resources.
Researchers studying C. dromedarius can optimize their workflow and enhance the quality of their work by utilizing PubCompare.ai, a powerful AI-driven tool that helps identify the most effective protocols, products, and methodologies from the latest literature, preprints, and patents.
PubCompare.ai streamlines data analysis and improves reproducibility, allowing researchers to focus on advancing their Camelus dromedarius studies with greater effiency and accuracy.
Synonyms and related terms for Camelus dromedarius include the dromedary, Arabian camel, and single-humped camel.
Abbreviations commonly used include C. dromedarius and C. dromedarus.
Key subtopics in the study of this species include its physiology, behavior, genetics, and adaptations to desert environments.
Additionally, researchers may utilize various tools and techniques in their Camelus dromedarius studies, such as EDTA for DNA extraction, the QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit and RNeasy Mini Kit for nucleic acid purification, the DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit for DNA isolation, MEM for cell culture, HiSeq 2000 and HiSeq 2500 for high-throughput sequencing, mutated primers for genetic analysis, and the NanoDrop ND-1000 for quantification of nucleic acids.